專題02 Unit 3-4 復習課件【考點串講】-2023-2024學年八年級英語下學期期中考點大串講（人教版）

人教版八年級下期中考點串講Unit3-Unit4目錄CONTENTUnit3-4重點詞匯、短語Unit3-4知識點梳理

語法精講：情態(tài)動詞could語法精講：until、sothat、although引導的狀語從句23415

語法精講：表建議的句型一、重點單詞1．mess(n.)雜亂；不整潔→

messy

?(adj.)雜亂的2．throw(v.)扔；擲→

threw

?(過去式)→

thrown

?(過去分詞)3．

pass

?(v.)給；遞；走過；通過；及格；合格；(時間)過去；流逝4．

borrow

?(v.)借；借用5．lend(v.)借給；借出→

lent

?(過去式/過去分詞)6．

stress

?(n.)精神壓力；心理負擔；重音；重讀(v.)強調(diào)；著重7．

anyway

?(adv.)而且；無論如何；即使這樣messy

threw

thrown

pass

borrow

lent

stress

anyway

Unit3-4重點詞匯8．depend(v.)依靠；依賴→

dependence

?(n.)依靠→

dependent

?(adj.)依靠的；依賴的→

independent

?(adj.)獨立的；自主的→

independence

?(n.)獨立9．develop(v.)發(fā)展；壯大→

development

?(n.)發(fā)展；發(fā)育；成長→

developed

?(adj.)發(fā)達的→

developing

?(adj.)發(fā)展中的10．neighbo(u)r(n.)鄰居→

neighbo(u)rhood

?(n.)街區(qū)；街坊11．ill(adj.)有??；不舒服→

illness

?(n.)疾??；病12．drop(v.)落下；掉下；(水平)降低；(數(shù)量)減少(n.)滴；水珠→

dropped

?(過去式/過去分詞)→

dropping

?(現(xiàn)在分詞)dependence

dependent

independent

independence

development

developed

developing

neighbo(u)rhood

illness

dropped

dropping

13．fair(adj.)合理的；公正的→

unfair

?(反義詞)(adj.)不合理的；不公正的→

fairness

?(n.)公正性；合理性unfair

fairness

14．

allow

?(v.)允許；準許15．a(chǎn)rgue(v.)爭吵；爭論→

argument

?(n.)爭吵；爭論16．

instead

?(adv.)代替；反而；卻17．

whatever

?(pron.)任何；每一；無論什么18.

nervous

?(adj.)焦慮的；擔憂的allow

argument

instead

whatever

nervous

19．proper(adj.)正確的；恰當?shù)摹?/p>

properly

?(adv.)恰當?shù)?0．communicate(v.)交流；溝通→

communication

?(n.)交流；溝通properly

communication

21．explain(v.)解釋；說明→

explanation

?(n.)解釋；說明22．

clear

?(adj.)清楚易懂的；晴朗的；清澈的；透明的(v.)清理；清除23．

anymore

?(adv.)(常用于否定句和疑問句末)再也(不)；(不)再24．compete(v.)競爭；對抗→

competition

?(n.)競賽→

competitor

?(n.)競爭者→

competitive

?(adj.)競爭的；具有競爭力的25．

perhaps

?(adv.)可能；大概；也許26．skill(n.)技藝；技巧→

skillful/skilful

?(adj.)熟練的；處理巧妙的explanation

clear

anymore

competition

competitor

competitive

perhaps

skillful/skilful

27．

continue

?(v.)持續(xù)；繼續(xù)存在28．usual(adj.)通常的；尋常的→

usually

?(adv.)通常地；一般地→

unusual

?(反義詞)(adj.)特別的；不尋常的continue

usually

unusual

1.洗碗_______________________2.倒垃圾_____________________3.疊衣服_____________________4.掃地_______________________5.整理床鋪___________________6.打掃客廳___________________do/washthedishestakeouttherubbishdo/washthedishessweepthefloormakethebedsweepthefloorUnit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?短語

7.出去吃飯________________8.在外面待到很晚__________9.搭車____________________10.從事___________________11.幫助解決_______________12.放學回家_______________gooutfordinnerstayoutlategetarideworkonhelpoutwithcomehomefromschool13.過來______________________14.帶...散步_________________15.一直______________________16.整天/夜___________________17.頂嘴______________________18.走開______________________19.吃驚_____________________comeovertake...forawalkallthetimeallday/eveningshoutbackwalkawayinsurprise20.分享家務________________21.干凈舒適的家____________22.閑逛____________________23.給...遞_________________24.向...借_________________25.把某物借給某人__________26.討厭家務________________sharethehouseworkacleanandcomfortablehomehangoutpasssb.sth./passsth.tosb.borrowsth.fromsb.lendsb.sth./lendsth.tosb.hatetodo/doingchores27.買飲料和零食_______________28.邀請某人參加聚會___________29.去商店______________________30.幫忙家務_________________31.有足夠的壓力_______________32.沒有時間___________________33.浪費時間___________________34.為了______________________buydrinksandsnacksinvitesb.toapartygotothestorehelpwithhouseworkhaveenoughstresshavenotimetodoawasteoftimeinorderto35.取得好成績________________36.進入好大學_______________37.沒有必要去做_____________38.為...提供________________39.介意做某事_______________40.做...不夠________________41.發(fā)展孩子獨立性__________________42.依賴___________getgoodgradesgetintoagooduniversityThereisnoneedtodosth.providesth.forsb./providesb.withsth.minddoingsth.It’snotenoughtododependondevelopchildren’sindependence43.照顧_______________________44.公平的含義_________________45.參與做某事_________________46.結(jié)果____________________47.生病____________________48.成績下降________________49.贊同___________________lookafter/takecareoftheideaoffairnesstakepartinsth/doingasaresultfallillthegradesdroppedagreewith1.有空閑時間2.允許某人做某事3.與某人閑逛4.課外活動課5.與某人吵架/打架6.太多7.學得過多8.有足夠的睡眠9.給某人寫信10.打電話給某人11.令某人驚訝 12.為了，以便于...

havefreetime

allowsb.todosth.hangoutwithsb.after-schoolclassesgetintoafightwithsb.toomany/muchstudytoomuchwritesb.alettercallsb.upsurprisesb.getenoughsleepso

thatUnit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?短語13.向某人解釋某事14.介意某人做某事15.一直16.懸掛在上方/籠罩17.對某人（不）好18.拒絕做某事19.代替/而不是做某事20.感覺孤單和緊張21.主動提供幫助22.與某人相處得好23.已變得很僵24.經(jīng)常爭吵25.與某人爭吵explainsth.tosb.mindsb.doingsth.allthetimehangoverbe(not)nicetosbrefusetodosth.insteadofdoingsth.feellonelyandnervousoffertohelpgeton/along

wellwithsbhavebecomedifficultfightalotarguewithsb1.hangoutwithfriends2.haveafter-schoolclasses3.examskills4.footballtraining5.cutout6.bealwaysdoingsth7.pushsbtodosth8.competewith/against9.compare...with...10.causesbsth26.和朋友（閑逛）27.上補習班28.考試技巧29.足球訓練30.刪除；刪去31.總是做某事32.督促某人做某事33.和......競爭34.與......比較35.給某人添麻煩此處情態(tài)動詞could并非表示過去時態(tài)，而是表示委婉語氣，后跟動詞原形表達有禮貌地請求或請求允許做某事。表示請求時與please連用會使語氣更加委婉。1.Couldyoupleasesweepthefloor?考點

could

CouldIwatchTV?Couldyoupleasegivemeapieceofpaper?Unit3知識點梳理takeout意為＂帶出去；取出；拿出；除掉＂，是由＂動詞+副詞＂構(gòu)成的動詞短語，名詞作賓語時放在out前后都可以，代詞作賓語時必須將其放在out前。2.Peter,couldyoupleasetakeouttherubbish?考點

takeoutPleasetakeoutapieceofpaper.=Pleasetakeapieceofpaperout.Pleasetakeitout.helpout(withsomething)是一個動詞短語，表示在某人繁忙或是遇到困難時“給予幫助”。注意：help與out之間還可以加具體的人3.Tony,couldyoupleasehelpoutwithafewthings?考點

helpoutYouwatchTVallthetimeandneverhelpoutaroundthehouse!Theyhelped(us)outwiththeclean-up.twohoursofTV雖為復數(shù)，但卻表達一種整體的觀念。當時間、長度、距離或其他可數(shù)名詞表示一個完整的整體概念作主語時，其后的謂語動詞用其單數(shù)形式。4.IthinktwohoursofTVisenoughforyou!考點

整體作主語Twomonthsisquitealongtime.Thirtystudentsisnotabignumberforaclass.throwv.扔；擲。用作及物動詞。throwsb.sth.＝throwsth.tosb.扔給某人某物。throwdown扔下；使倒下。與throw相關(guān)的其他短語：throwaway扔掉；丟棄throwsth.at向……扔某物（近）throwsth.to投給……某物（遠）5.Ithrewdownmybagandwenttothelivingroom.考點

throwShethrewmeatowel.＝Shethrewatoweltome.Hethrewdownthebookandwentout.Shethrewherselfdowninthebedandfellasleep.theminute在此引導時間狀語從句，意為“一……就……”，相當于assoonas。theminute引導時間狀語從句時，遵從“主將從現(xiàn)”主句用一般將來時態(tài)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。6.TheminuteIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.考點

theminuteAssoonasIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.ThemomentIsatdowninfrontoftheTV,mymomcameover.as...as意為“和……一樣”，表示同級的比較。使用時要注意第一個as為副詞，第二個as為連詞。其基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：as+

adj./

adv.

+as。7.I’mjustastiredasyouare!考點

as......asThis

film

is

as

interesting

as

that

one.Your

pen

writes

as

smoothly

as

mine.Linda

is

astallasme.8.Foroneweek,shedidnotdoanyhouseworkandneitherdidI.考點

neitherNeitherofuslikesapples.Sheisn’tateacher,neitheramI.Tomdoesn’tlikeapples,neitherdoI.(1)作代詞，“兩者都不”，可與介詞of連用，neitherof…結(jié)構(gòu)作主語是謂語動詞可單可復。用法(2)作副詞,“也不”，“否定句，neither+系動詞be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語”

結(jié)構(gòu)，表示前面敘述的否定情況也適合后者的人或物。（neither也可換成nor）固定搭配neither…nor…連接兩個并列主語，謂語動詞遵循“就近原則”。insurprise驚訝地；吃驚地常用于動詞之后作方式狀語，相當于withsurprise。surprise可作名詞也可作動詞，常用短語還有：toone'ssurprise“令某人驚訝的是”。9.“Whathappened?”Sheaskedinsurprise.考點

insurprisehelookedupinsurprisewhenIshouted.Tomysurprise,heagreedatlast.Hissuccesssurprisedeveryone.10.Couldyoupleasepassmethesalt?考點

pass(2)走過；通過

Acarpassedjustnow.一輛車剛才經(jīng)過了。(1)

給；遞passsb.sth.=passsth.tosb.把某物遞給某人(4)考試及格 IwashappythatIpassedtheexam.(3)(時間)過去；流逝

Thedayspassedslowly.日子慢慢過去。pass11.Couldyoulendmesomemoney?考點

lend

(2)borrow

借入非延續(xù)性動詞，表示主語向別人借東西，

常用結(jié)構(gòu)：borrowsthfromsb(1)

lend借出

非延續(xù)性動詞，表示主語把東西借給別人，常用結(jié)構(gòu)：lendsbsth或lendsthtosb(3)keep借(多久)

延續(xù)性動詞，表示＂借某物多長時間＂，與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用不同方式的＂借＂考點11辨析provide,offer與giveprovide“供給；提供”，有免費供給的意味。providesb.withsth.＝providesth.forsb.為某人提供某物Itistheparents'jobtoprovideacleanandcomfortableenvironmentathomefortheirchildren.在家中給他們的孩子提供一個干凈、舒適的環(huán)境是家長們的職責。(教材P22)offer“提出；提供”，強調(diào)主動提供，別人可以接受，也可以拒絕。offersb.sth.＝offersth.tosb.為某人提供某物Ifyourparentsarehavingproblems,youshouldoffertohelp.如果你的父母有困難，你應該主動提出幫助。(教材P27)give“供給；給”，多指一般性給出，或因別人需要而給。givesb.sth.＝givesth.tosb.給某人某物Iamgoingtogivemyfriendacutedollforherbirthday.我要給我朋友一個可愛的玩具娃娃，作為她的生日禮物。1.Myparentsdon'tallowmetohangoutwithmyfriends.allowv.允許；準許考點Ourteachersdon'tallowustousethemobilephoneatschool.Studentsdon'tallowspeakingintheclassroom.PeoplearenotallowedtoselldrugsinChina.allowallowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事allowdoingsth.允許做某事beallowedtodosth.被允許做某事Unit4知識點梳理fightv.打架，戰(zhàn)斗考點2.Igotintoafightwithmybestfriend.（fight–fought-fought）getinto/haveafightwithsb.和某人打架fightfor為…而斗爭Thetwoboyshadafightwitheachother.Chinesepeoplefightforcommunism3.MyproblemisthatIcan'tgetonwithmyfamily.geton/alongwithsb.“和某人相處”考點Howareyougettingonwithyourclassmates?Heisapersoneasilytogetonwellwith.1)

thatIcan'tgetonwith...此處作表語,是表語從句。

表語從句與賓語從句一樣,要用陳述語序。2)

geton/alongwithsb.

“和某人相處”；

geton/alongwithsth.

“在…方面取得進展”

geton/alongwell/badlywith...“與……相處得(不)好”offer

①v.主動提出；自愿給予②n.主動提出建議；報價；特價考點4.Ifyourparentsarehavingproblems,youshouldoffertohelp.offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.向某人提供某事/某物offertodosth.主動提出做某事joboffer工作邀請specialoffers特價Mykidstodayofferedtodothedishes.5.Insteadhewatcheswhateverhewantsuntillateatnight.。

instead

adv.“代替;反而;卻”,位于句首/句尾

insteadof

“代替”“不是...而是...”,后跟名詞、代詞、V-inginsteadadv.“代替;反而;卻”考點Idon’tliketheredT-shirt.Iwillbuytheyellowoneinstead.

Hewalkstotheparkinsteadofgoingbycar.

6.Myparentsgivemealotofpressureaboutschool.

pressure

n.壓力考點I’mnotabletodowellwiththepressurefrommyjob.Theteamperformswellunderpressure.pressure可指外界施加的壓力或工作、生活中的壓力。既可作可數(shù)名詞又可作不可數(shù)名詞，但一般情況下用作不可數(shù)名詞。常用短語：putpressureonsb.向某人施加壓力underpressure在壓力之下7.Othersarepracticesportssothattheycancompeteandwin.

competev.競爭，競賽考點It’sdifficultforasmallstoretocompetewith/againstasupermarket.They’recompetingforthejob.

compete為不及物動詞，常構(gòu)成的短語：1)competewith/against和......競爭2)

competefor...為......競爭

3)

competition(n)競爭；比賽--competitor(n)競爭者；對手push(v)鞭策、督促考點8.Peopleshouldn’tpushtheirkidssohard.pushsbtodosth督促某人做某事push的其他常見意思：(1)意思是“推動”，其反義詞是pull“拉”(2)意思是“按下開關(guān)、按鈕等”，其同義詞是press。Shethanksherparentsforpushinghertostudy.

Igotinandpushedthebuttonforthefourthfloor.cause

v.導致，引起n.原因，起因，理由

考點9.Dr.AliceGreensaysalltheseactivitiescancausealotofstressforchildren.cause(v)作及物動詞，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)：causesbsth=cuasesthforsb給某人帶來某事(多指麻煩)causesbtodosth導致某人做某事Sheisalwayscausingherparentstrouble.Youhavenocauseforcomplain.10.Thetiredchildrendon’tgethomeuntilafter7:00p.m.not…until…為固定搭配，”直到……才……基本結(jié)構(gòu)：……not＋主句＋until＋從句/時間點not...until...

直到...才...考點Wedidn’tgetoffthebusuntilitstopped.Daviddidn’tgohomeuntilmidnight.(1)肯定句：Couldyou(please)+dosth.?意為“能請你…嗎？”

(2)否定句：

Couldyou(please)

not

+dosth.?意為“能請你(不)…嗎？”情態(tài)動詞could用法（一）用于委婉提出要求或請求AskforpermissionCouldyoupleasehelpmefixupthebike?Couldyoupleasenotsmokehere？(1)肯定回答：Yes,Ican./Yes,sure./Allright./Certainly.

/I’dloveto./Noproblem/ThatshouldbeOK.(2)否定回答：

Sorry,Ican't.Ihavetodomyhomework./I'mafraidIcan't.I’mdoingmyhomework./I'dloveto,butI'mgoingtoschool.情態(tài)動詞could用法（一）用于委婉提出要求或請求Askforpermission--Yes,sure./Sorry,Ican't.Myhandsarefull.--Couldyoupleasehelpmecarrytheseboxes?

(2)肯定回答：

Yes,youcan./Ofcourseyoucan./Yes,please.(1)結(jié)構(gòu)：“CouldI...?”

意為“我能……嗎？”用于請求對方允許自己做某事。(3)否定回答：

Sorry,youcan't./I'mafraidyoucan't.No,youmustn’t.情態(tài)動詞could用法（二）用于請求、許可Makepoliterequests情態(tài)動詞could用法1.表示請求允許,could和can都可以，但could語氣更委婉。2.對別人的請求許可的回答，一般只用can，而不用could.—CouldIuseyourrule?—Ofcourseyoucan.(1)can

can表示一般性的請求，語氣隨便，常用于熟人之間

或長輩對晚輩、上級對下級的場合；

Canyoutellusyourstory,Tony?

(2)could

could表示有禮貌的請求，語氣委婉，

常用于非熟人之間或晚輩對長輩、下級對上級的場合。

CouldyoutellusifitsnowsinwinterinFrance?辨析情態(tài)動詞could用法(2)表委婉的建議.“可以做...“

Youcouldaskyourteacherforhelp.(1)表能力.can的過去式.“能夠“IcouldplaythepianowhenIwassixyearsold.(3)表推測.把握不大，比can可能性要小，用于肯定句中?！翱赡堋?/p>

Hecouldhavegonehome.GrammarFocus情態(tài)動詞could用法could其他用法GrammarFocus情態(tài)動詞could考點

考點一.could表能力，能夠。Thelovelyboycouldridethebikeattheageofsix.考點二.could表委婉請求。Sorrytotroubleyou,butcouldIspeaktoyouforawhile?考點三.could表推測，可能性小。ItcouldbeLingling'sbook,butI'mnotsure.LiuHuilikesreading,too.until作連詞，意為“直到”，引導時間狀語從句。I'llstayhereuntilyoucomeback.1.主句是肯定句時，其謂語用延續(xù)性動詞，強調(diào)主句的動作或狀態(tài)一直持續(xù)到從句的動作發(fā)生時為止，譯成“直到……為止”。Wecan'tgetoffthebusuntilitstops.Wedidn'tstartourdiscussionuntilhearrived.2.主句是否定句時，其謂語用非延續(xù)性動詞，強調(diào)主句的動作在從句的動作發(fā)生之后才開始，一般譯成“直到……才……”。until引導的時間狀語從句語法精講：until、sothat、although引導的狀語從句sothat引導的目的狀語從句sothat意為“為了，以便”，引導目的狀語從句，相當于inorderthat，從句中多含有can,could,may,might等情態(tài)動詞。ItookataxisothatIcouldgetthereearlier.Themoviewasboringsothathalfoftheaudiencewasasleep.【拓展延伸】sothat還可引導結(jié)果狀語從句，意為“因此；所以”，此時從句中通常不含情態(tài)動詞。although引導的讓步狀語從句

although