廣東省佛山市普通高中2021-2022學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)

2021~2022學(xué)年佛山市普通高中高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)（一）英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí),將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。因不考聽力，試卷從第二部分的“閱讀”開始，試題序號(hào)從“21”開始。第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFourBestofBritishmarketsWhetheryou’relookingforantiques,food,collectors’itemsorjustrandomjunk,ourrichheritagehasproducedsomeofthefinestmarketsintheworld.Herearefourofthem.EdinburghFarmers’MarketTradersinEdinburghhavelongsoldtheirgoodsintheshadowofthecity’sspectacularcastle.IttakesplaceonCastleTerraceeverySaturdayandattractsahugecrowdwithitslocallysourcedgoods.Themarketisnowinits15thyearandchampionstheverybestinScottishproduce.BillingsgateFishMarketThishubintheheartoftheEastEndofLondonisthebiggestinlandmarketinBritain.Datingbacktothe16thcentury,BillingsgateisnowservedbyalmosteveryUKport,withfishtransportedthroughthenighttoarrivefortrading,whichstartsat4a.m..Itisfamedforshifting25,000tonsoffisheachyear.StGeorge’sMarketFollowyournosealongMayStreetinBelfastandthesmellsofdelicioushome-madefoodfromacrosstheglobewilllandyouinStGeorge’sMarket,oncevotedthebestintheUK.Completedin1896andfeaturingtastyfood,thetradingplaceisalsooneofBelfast’soldestattractions,thankstoitswiderangeofgoodsandlivemusicperformances.FordAirfieldMarketLookingforanold-styleprostheticleg,aventriloquist’sdummy,orevenasuitofarmour?Thechancesareyou’llfindwhatyou’reafter–andplentyofotherrandomstuff–atoneofthehundredsofstallshereinWestSussex.Hugecar-bootsales(舊貨市場(chǎng))areheldattheweekendsallyearround,comerainorshine.Themarkethasbeenrunningfor25yearsandisawell-knowntreasuretroveforantiquesexpertslookingforabargain.1.Whichmarkethasthelongesthistory?A.EdinburghFarmers’Market. B.BillingsgateFishMarket.C.StGeorge’sMarket. D.FordAirfieldMarket.2.WhatisthemaincharacteristicofStGeorge’sMarket?A.Music. B.History. C.Food. D.Building.3.WhatdoweknowaboutFordAirfieldMarket?A.Itisheldeveryday. B.Itclosesonrainydays.C.Itisfamousforitscars. D.Itfeaturescar-bootsales.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了了英國(guó)四大最佳市場(chǎng)，以及各市場(chǎng)的特色和歷史?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)EdinburghFarmers’Market中的“Themarketisnowinits15thyear（這個(gè)市場(chǎng)現(xiàn)在是第15個(gè)年頭）”；BillingsgateFishMarket中的“Datingbacktothe16thcentury（比林斯蓋特的歷史可以追溯到16世紀(jì)）”；StGeorge’sMarket中的“Completedin1896（完工于1896年）”以及FordAirfieldMarket中的“Themarkethasbeenrunningfor25years（這個(gè)市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)運(yùn)營(yíng)了25年）”可知，比林斯蓋特魚市的歷史最長(zhǎng)。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)StGeorge’sMarket中的“Completedin1896andfeaturingtastyfood,thetradingplaceisalsooneofBelfast’soldestattractions,thankstoitswiderangeofgoodsandlivemusicperformances.（完工于1896年，以美味的食物為特色，交易場(chǎng)所也是貝爾法斯特最古老的景點(diǎn)之一，因?yàn)樗懈鞣N各樣的商品和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)音樂表演。）”可知，圣喬治市場(chǎng)的主要特色是食物。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FordAirfieldMarket中的“Hugecar-bootsalesareheldattheweekendsallyearround,comerainorshine.（每年的周末都會(huì)舉行大型的汽車行李箱銷售活動(dòng)，風(fēng)雨無阻。）”可知，福特機(jī)場(chǎng)市場(chǎng)以汽車行李箱銷售為特色。故選D。BAnAmericanteacherwhohelpedmakecollegeeducationaccessibletolow-income,immigrant,first-generationAmerican,andrefugeepupilshaswonthe$1millionGlobalTeacherPrize.KeishiaThorpe,anEnglishteacherinMaryland,wasselectedfrommorethan8,000teacherin121countries.“AsayounggirlfromthecircumstancesthatIcomefrom,Iwouldneverhavethoughtsomethinglikethiswouldeverhappentome.I’mspeechless,I’moverjoyed,I’mamazed.Thisisjustanextraordinaryachievementforme,”Ms.Thorpesaid.Ms.ThorpeteachesEnglishto12th-gradersattheInternationalHighSchoolLangleyPark,where95percentofpupilsarefromlow-incomefamilies.SheredesignedtheircoursesfortheEnglishdepartmenttomakeitculturallyrelevanttoherpupilswhoarefrommostlyAfrica,theMiddleEast,theCaribbean,andSouthAmerica.Sincethen,herEnglishlanguagelearnershaveshowna40percentincreaseintheirreading.Ms.Thorpespentalotoftimeencouragingherpupilstoapplyforcollegeandhelpedthemwiththeirapplicationsandaccessingfully-fundedscholarships.Shehelpedherseniorpupilsin2018–2019winmorethan$6.7millioninscholarshipsto11colleges,withmostofthemnothavingtopayfortheireducation.Sheplanstousetheprizemoneytogivelesswell-offpupilsanopportunityofreceivingathirdleveleducation.“EverypersondeservestherighttoeducationandIwanttobethatpersonwhochampionsthatforthem.Iplantousethemoneytohelpstudentsworldwideaccesshighereducation,”shesaid.“StudentsarethereasonI’mhere,soIplantousethattopromotethemandcreateabetterfutureforthem.”O(jiān)rganizedbyUNESCOandfirstawardedin2015,theGlobalTeacherPrizeisanannualawardtoateacherwhohasmadeavastdifferencetotheprofession.ThewinnerofthisyearwasannouncedatavirtualceremonyinParisonNovember10th,2021.4.HowdoThorpe’sredesignedcoursesinfluenceherstudents?A.Studentshavespentmoretimereading. B.Studentsaremoreawareoftheirculture.C.Morelow-incomestudentsattendschool. D.Morestudentsapplyforcollegeeducation.5.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheGlobalTeacherPrize?A.Itdevotesmuchtocollegeeducation. B.Itfavorslow-incomeimmigrantteachers.C.Ittargetsteacherswithhugecontributions. D.ItencouragesreformsinEnglishteaching.6.WhatbestdescribesThorpe?A.Selflessandstrict. B.Caringanddevoted.C.Frankandconsiderate. D.Talentedandhumorous.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AGoodTeacherEnsuresaBrightFuture B.TeacherPrizeHelpsRealizeStudents’DreamC.ImmigrantTeacherSharesHerMovingStory D.HighSchoolTeacherWinsa$1MillionPrize【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了馬里蘭州的英語(yǔ)教師KeishiaThorpe獲得了全球教師獎(jiǎng)，并且贏得了100萬美元的獎(jiǎng)金。文章介紹了她所做出的的貢獻(xiàn)以及全球教師獎(jiǎng)的相關(guān)知識(shí)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“SheredesignedtheircoursesfortheEnglishdepartmenttomakeitculturallyrelevanttoherpupilswhoarefrommostlyAfrica,theMiddleEast,theCaribbean,andSouthAmerica.Sincethen,herEnglishlanguagelearnershaveshowna40percentincreaseintheirreading.(她重新設(shè)計(jì)了英語(yǔ)系的課程，使其在文化上與她主要來自非洲、中東、加勒比地區(qū)和南美洲的學(xué)生相關(guān)。從那以后，她的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)者的閱讀能力增長(zhǎng)了40%)”可知，Thorpe重新設(shè)計(jì)的課程讓學(xué)生們花了更多的時(shí)間閱讀。故選A。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“OrganizedbyUNESCOandfirstawardedin2015,theGlobalTeacherPrizeisanannualawardtoateacherwhohasmadeavastdifferencetotheprofession.(全球教師獎(jiǎng)由聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織組織，于2015年首次頒發(fā)，每年頒發(fā)給為該專業(yè)做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)的教師)”可知，全球教師獎(jiǎng)針對(duì)有巨大貢獻(xiàn)的教師。故選C。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Ms.Thorpespentalotoftimeencouragingherpupilstoapplyforcollegeandhelpedthemwiththeirapplicationsandaccessingfully-fundedscholarships.Shehelpedherseniorpupilsin2018–2019winmorethan$6.7millioninscholarshipsto11colleges,withmostofthemnothavingtopayfortheireducation.(Thorpe女士花了很多時(shí)間鼓勵(lì)她的學(xué)生申請(qǐng)大學(xué)，幫助他們申請(qǐng)并獲得全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。她在2018-2019年幫助她的高年級(jí)學(xué)生贏得了11所大學(xué)超過670萬美元的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，其中大多數(shù)學(xué)生無需支付學(xué)費(fèi))”以及倒數(shù)第二段“Sheplanstousetheprizemoneytogivelesswell-offpupilsanopportunityofreceivingathirdleveleducation.“EverypersondeservestherighttoeducationandIwanttobethatpersonwhochampionsthatforthem.Iplantousethemoneytohelpstudentsworldwideaccesshighereducation,”shesaid.“StudentsarethereasonI’mhere,soIplantousethattopromotethemandcreateabetterfutureforthem.”(她計(jì)劃用這筆獎(jiǎng)金給不太富裕的學(xué)生一個(gè)接受第三層次教育的機(jī)會(huì)?！懊總€(gè)人都有受教育的權(quán)利，我想成為那個(gè)為他們捍衛(wèi)這一權(quán)利的人。我計(jì)劃用這筆錢來幫助世界各地的學(xué)生接受高等教育。學(xué)生是我來到這里的原因，所以我打算用這一點(diǎn)來宣傳他們，為他們創(chuàng)造更美好的未來?！?”可推知，Thorpe關(guān)心他人且樂于奉獻(xiàn)。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“AnAmericanteacherwhohelpedmakecollegeeducationaccessibletolow-income,immigrant,first-generationAmerican,andrefugeepupilshaswonthe$1millionGlobalTeacherPrize.KeishiaThorpe,anEnglishteacherinMaryland,wasselectedfrommorethan8,000teacherin121countries.(一名幫助低收入、移民、第一代美國(guó)人和難民學(xué)生獲得大學(xué)教育的美國(guó)教師贏得了100萬美元的全球教師獎(jiǎng)。馬里蘭州的英語(yǔ)教師KeishiaThorpe是從121個(gè)國(guó)家的8000多名教師中挑選出來的)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了馬里蘭州的英語(yǔ)教師KeishiaThorpe獲得了全球教師獎(jiǎng)，并且贏得了100萬美元的獎(jiǎng)金。文章介紹了她所做出的的貢獻(xiàn)以及全球教師獎(jiǎng)的相關(guān)知識(shí)?？芍?，D選項(xiàng)“高中教師贏得了100萬美元的獎(jiǎng)金”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。CWithnearlyaquarterofglobalgreenhousegascomingfromalltypesoftransportation,canwekeepourselvesoffgas-poweredvehiclestoavoidtheworsteffects?Asmoregovernmentspushforurgentactiononclimatechange,quiteafewcompaniesarebettingtheirfuture–thatmillionsofconsumersarefinallyreadyforelectricity-poweredvehicles.Modernbattery-poweredcarsaresellingfastandzero-emission(排放)planesarecoming.Thesechanges,bothleadingtoamoresustainablefuture,arereinventinghowwegetfromheretothere.Carsandtrucksareundergoingtheirgreatestimprovementsincetheautomobile’s(汽車)existencemorethanacenturyago.Almostovernight,theeraoftheelectriccarhasarrived.Electricityhastheadvantagethatitworkswithoutsmellandwithlessnoise.Globalannualsalesofelectricvehiclesareexpectedtosoarfromjustover3milliontodayto14millionby2025.JustamonthafterFordunveiledanelectricversionofthepopularF-150,customershadreservedmorethan100,000ofthem.Thepriceisabout$10,000abovethegas-poweredone,butFordsaystheelectricmodelwillcostmuchlesstomaintain.Everythingcreatingagreenrevolutiononthegroundisoflimitedhelpintheskyforthetimebeing.High-storagebatteriesareuselessatpresentwhenitcomestothetechnologicalchallengeoflaunchingafewhundredpeopleintotheskyandcarryingthemthousandsofmiles.Nobatteryyetinventedcanpower,say,aBoeing747fromNewYorktoLondon.Promisingimprovements,however,doaddup.Developmentswithzero-emission,battery-poweredelectricenginesarealreadyhappeningincommercialflight,involvingtripsoflimiteddurationanddistance.Airlinesspecializinginshortjourneyswithsmallplaneswillleadthewaytoelectricflight.Ourplanet’shealthdependsonzeroingoutcarbondioxideemissionsby2050,andyet,bythetimetableneededtoaddresstheclimatechallenge,theshiftawayfromgas-poweredvehiclesremainsfartooslow.Nevertheless,thetrainhasleftthestation.Someday,electric-poweredtransportationwillbeascommonasair.8.Whyaremanycompaniesswitchingtoelectricity-poweredvehicles?A.Toreinventthewaywetravel.B.Tocutthecostsofcarproduction.C.Toimprovethequalityofproducts.D.Topursuesustainabledevelopment.9.Whatdoweknowabouttheelectriccar?A.Itcameintouseacenturyago.B.Itenjoysincreasingpopularity.C.Itsellsbetterthanthetraditionalone.D.Itcostslessthanthegas-poweredone.10.WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph3?A.Toshowthedisadvantagesofbatterypower.B.Toemphasizethesignificanceofshortflights.C.Tostressthefutureprospectsofelectricplanes.D.Tostatethedevelopmentsofcommercialflight.11.Whatdoestheauthormeanbysaying“thetrainhasleftthestation”?A.Traintransportationhasimproved.B.Greentransportationisonitsway.C.Theelectrictrainisrunningregularly.D.Thegas-poweredtrainhasbecomethepast.【答案】8.D9.B10.C11.B【解析】【分析】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了電動(dòng)汽車應(yīng)用的益處與仍然存在的不足，同時(shí)說明了電力運(yùn)輸?shù)奈磥砬熬啊！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段關(guān)鍵句“Asmoregovernmentspushforurgentactiononclimatechange,quiteafewcompaniesarebettingtheirfuture–thatmillionsofconsumersarefinallyreadyforelectricity-poweredvehicles.Modernbattery-poweredcarsaresellingfastandzero-emissionplanesarecoming.Thesechanges,bothleadingtoamoresustainablefuture,arereinventinghowwegetfromheretothere.”（隨著越來越多的政府推動(dòng)對(duì)氣候變化采取緊急行動(dòng)，相當(dāng)多的公司押注他們的未來——數(shù)百萬消費(fèi)者終于準(zhǔn)備好使用電動(dòng)汽車了。現(xiàn)代電池驅(qū)動(dòng)的汽車賣得很快，零排放的飛機(jī)也即將問世。這些變化，既導(dǎo)致了一個(gè)更可持續(xù)的未來，也在重塑我們從這里到那里的方式。）可知，許多公司轉(zhuǎn)向開發(fā)并銷售電動(dòng)汽車是為了追求可持續(xù)發(fā)展。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段關(guān)鍵句“Almostovernight,theeraoftheelectriccarhasarrived.”（幾乎一夜之間，電動(dòng)汽車的時(shí)代已經(jīng)到來。）及“Globalannualsalesofelectricvehiclesareexpectedtosoarfromjustover3milliontodayto14millionby2025.JustamonthafterFordunveiledanelectricversionofthepopularF-150,customershadreservedmorethan100,000ofthem.”（預(yù)計(jì)到2025年，全球電動(dòng)汽車的年銷量將從目前的300多萬輛飆升至1400萬輛。在福特推出受歡迎的F-150電動(dòng)版僅一個(gè)月后，客戶就預(yù)訂了超過10萬輛。）可知，電動(dòng)汽車越來越受歡迎。故選B項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段關(guān)鍵句“High-storagebatteriesareuselessatpresentwhenitcomestothetechnologicalchallengeoflaunchingafewhundredpeopleintotheskyandcarryingthemthousandsofmiles.”（目前，高容量電池在將數(shù)百人發(fā)射到天空并攜帶他們飛行數(shù)千英里的技術(shù)挑戰(zhàn)方面毫無用處。）及“Promisingimprovements,however,doaddup.”（然而，有希望的改進(jìn)確實(shí)增加了。）及全段內(nèi)容可知，本段作者強(qiáng)調(diào)電動(dòng)飛機(jī)的未來前景。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】句意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段關(guān)鍵句“Ourplanet’shealthdependsonzeroingoutcarbondioxideemissionsby2050,andyet,bythetimetableneededtoaddresstheclimatechallenge,theshiftawayfromgas-poweredvehiclesremainsfartooslow.”（我們星球的健康取決于到2050年消除二氧化碳排放，然而，按照應(yīng)對(duì)氣候挑戰(zhàn)所需的時(shí)間表，從汽油驅(qū)動(dòng)的汽車轉(zhuǎn)向天然氣驅(qū)動(dòng)的速度仍然太慢。）及“Nevertheless,thetrainhasleftthestation.Someday,electric-poweredtransportationwillbeascommonasair.”（然而，火車已經(jīng)離開了車站?？傆幸惶?，電力運(yùn)輸會(huì)像空氣一樣普及。）可知，作者說“火車已經(jīng)離開了車站”是為了表明電力運(yùn)輸?shù)氖褂靡呀?jīng)起航，綠色交通正在發(fā)展中。故選B項(xiàng)。DChildrenmaylearnnewwordsbetterwhentheylearntheminthecontextofotherwordstheyarejustlearning—accordingtoanewresearchfromtheUniversityofEastAnglia.Researchersinvestigatedhow18–24-month-oldslearnnewwords—inthecontextofwordstheyalreadyknowwellandthosetheydon’t.Thefindingshelpexplainhowchildrenlearnnewwordsandsuggestanewwaythatparentsandcarerscouldhelpboostlanguagedevelopment.Previousresearchsuggeststhatwhenchildrenhearawordtheydonotknowandseeanobjecttheyhaveneverseeninthecontextofsomeobjectsthattheycanalreadyname,suchasatoyoraball,theyguessthatthenewwordreferstothenewthing.Dr.LarissaSamuelsonfromtheuniversitywantedtoknowifthestrengthofachild’sknowledgeoffamiliarthings—howwelltheyknowwhat“cars”or“balls”are,forexample—matteredforlearningnewwordsandrememberingthem.Theyasked82childrentotakepartinthestudyandcarryouttwoexperimentsamongthem.Andthentheygotsomereallysurprisingfindings.“Wehadexpectedthatastrongerknowledgeoffamiliarwordswouldbebetterforlearningnewwords,butwefoundtheoppositewastrue.”DrSamuelsonsaid.“Thisnewstudysuggestsanotherwaywemightbeabletohelpboostchildren’sabilitytoremembernewword-objectlinks–byteachingtheminthecontextofotherthingsthattheyarejustlearning.”Itseemscounterintuitive,butitisperhapsbecausethelesswell-knownitemsdon’tcompetewiththenewwordsasmuch.Iftheylearnnewwordsinthecontextofplayingwithwell-knownitemssuchasaballorbook,theydon’tprocessthenewwordasmuch.12.Whatisthepurposeofthenewresearch?A.Tochallengethefindingsofpreviousstudies. B.Toobservetheprocessofchildren’slearning.C.Tobetterunderstandchildren’swordlearning. D.Tocomparechildren’sdifferentlearningstyles.13WhatcanbeinferredfromDr.Samuelson’swords?A.Theirfindingsareoutofexpectation. B.Theirresearchshouldfocusonchildren.C.Weshouldbemorepatientwithchildren. D.Weneedtoprovideguidanceonlearning.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“counterintuitive”meaninthelastparagraph?A.Consistent. B.Encouraging. C.Impractical. D.Unreasonable.15.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.Lessfamiliarwordshelpchildrenlearnbetter.B.Word-objectlinkscontributetobetterlearning.C.Newresearchfindsthesecretsofraisingchildren.D.Childrenlearnbetterwiththehelpoftheirparents.【答案】12.C13.A14.D15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)如果孩子們把新單詞放在他們剛剛學(xué)過的其他單詞的背景下學(xué)習(xí)，他們可能會(huì)學(xué)得更好。文章介紹了研究開展的過程以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)把孩子們放到剛剛學(xué)習(xí)的其他事物的背景下，孩子們學(xué)習(xí)生詞和認(rèn)識(shí)物品的能力更好?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Researchersinvestigatedhow18–24-month-oldslearnnewwords—inthecontextofwordstheyalreadyknowwellandthosetheydon’t.Thefindingshelpexplainhowchildrenlearnnewwordsandsuggestanewwaythatparentsandcarerscouldhelpboostlanguagedevelopment.(研究人員調(diào)查了18到24個(gè)月大的嬰兒是如何學(xué)習(xí)新單詞的——在他們已經(jīng)熟悉和不熟悉的單詞的背景下。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于解釋兒童是如何學(xué)習(xí)新單詞的，并提出了一種父母和看護(hù)者可以幫助促進(jìn)語(yǔ)言發(fā)展的新方法)”可知，這項(xiàng)新研究的目的是更好地理解兒童的單詞學(xué)習(xí)。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中““Wehadexpectedthatastrongerknowledgeoffamiliarwordswouldbebetterforlearningnewwords,butwefoundtheoppositewastrue.”DrSamuelsonsaid.(“我們本以為，對(duì)熟悉的詞匯掌握得越深入，對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)新單詞就越有幫助，但結(jié)果卻恰恰相反?！盨amuelson博士說)”可推知，從Samuelson博士的話中可以推斷出他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)出乎意料。故選A。14題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Thisnewstudysuggestsanotherwaywemightbeabletohelpboostchildren’sabilitytoremembernewword-objectlinks–byteachingtheminthecontextofotherthingsthattheyarejustlearning.”以及畫線詞后文“butitisperhapsbecausethelesswell-knownitemsdon’tcompetewiththenewwordsasmuch”可知，這項(xiàng)新研究提出了另一種方法，我們可能可以通過在孩子們剛剛學(xué)習(xí)的其他事物的背景下教孩子們，來幫助提高孩子們記住生詞和物品的能力，后文but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明這一方法似乎是不合理的，但這可能是因?yàn)椴惶捻?xiàng)目不與新單詞競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。故畫線詞意思是“不合理的”。A.Consistent.一貫的；B.Encouraging.鼓舞人心的；C.Impractical.不實(shí)際的；D.Unreasonable.不合理的。故選D?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Childrenmaylearnnewwordsbetterwhentheylearntheminthecontextofotherwordstheyarejustlearning—accordingtoanewresearchfromtheUniversityofEastAnglia.(根據(jù)東安格利亞大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)新研究，如果孩子們把新單詞放在他們剛剛學(xué)過的其他單詞的背景下學(xué)習(xí)，他們可能會(huì)學(xué)得更好)”結(jié)合文章介紹了研究開展的過程以及研究發(fā)現(xiàn)把孩子們放到剛剛學(xué)習(xí)的其他事物的背景下，孩子們學(xué)習(xí)生詞和認(rèn)識(shí)物品的能力更好?？芍恼轮饕嬖V我們不太熟悉的單詞有助于孩子更好地學(xué)習(xí)。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Apple’svitaminandmineralcontent,itseasyavailability,anditsinexpensivenessarethereasonswhyit’sthesecondmost-consumedfruitintheworld.___16___Butwhataboutthecaloriesandnutritionalvalueinit?Canweconsumeapplesinendlessnumbersandstillstayfit?Amedium-sizedapplecontainsupto95calories.However,thesugarcontent—about19g—isstilllessthanthe21gyougetinaregular-sizedchocolatebar.___17___Thefiberpresentinfruitsandvegetableshelpscontrolbloodsugarlevelsnaturally.Itslowsdowndigestionandstopsthebloodsugarlevelsfromrisingastheywouldafteryouconsumecandy.Eatingonemedium-sizedapplegivesyouyourdailydoseof14%vitaminAand11%ofvitaminC,boththatyourimmunesystemneedsthemost.AntioxidantslikevitaminAandCsavethebodyfromdamagecausedbyunstableatoms._______18_______Ifweconsumedarkerapplesmore,wecangetanantioxidantthatprotectsthebodyfromdiseasesandagoodamountofindigestiblefiberourgut’sgoodbacteriafeedon,soit’sawin-windeal!_____19_____Consumingoneortwoapplesonadailybasisisgoodforyourhealth.Butifyou’rediabetic,youshouldrestricttheconsumptiontonotmorethanasmall-sizedappleadayasapplesareahigh-sugarfruit.Ifyoustayalertandtakeaproperdiet,yourbodywillbenefitalot.Butifyoueatendlessly,eventhehealthiestfoodintheworldwoulddamageyourbodyandincreasethenumberofdoctorvisits._____20_____A.Soactsmartlyandstaysafe.B.Howmanyapplescanyoueatinaday?C.Therefore,youshouldwatchoutforthefoodquality.D.Howcanweguaranteethatwewillgetthisfruitcontinuously?E.Plus,thissugarislessharmfultoyourbodysinceitcomeswithfibers.F.Theyreducetherisksofillnessandaging,givingyouhealthyandsmoothskin.G.Sinceitcomesinmanyvarietiesanddifferenttastes,peoplenevergetboredofit.【答案】16.G17.E18.F19.B20.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了蘋果這種食物的好處以及一些食用注意事項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Apple’svitaminandmineralcontent,itseasyavailability,anditsinexpensivenessarethereasonswhyit’sthesecondmost-consumedfruitintheworld.(蘋果富含維生素和礦物質(zhì)，易于獲得，價(jià)格低廉，這些都是它成為世界上第二大消費(fèi)水果的原因)”以及后文“Butwhataboutthecaloriesandnutritionalvalueinit?Canweconsumeapplesinendlessnumbersandstillstayfit?(但是它的熱量和營(yíng)養(yǎng)價(jià)值呢？我們能吃無數(shù)個(gè)蘋果還能保持健康嗎？)”可知，本句與上文并列，都是在說明蘋果受歡迎的原因。故G選項(xiàng)“由于它有許多種類和不同的口味，人們永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)厭倦它”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Amedium-sizedapplecontainsupto95calories.However,thesugarcontent—about19g—isstilllessthanthe21gyougetinaregular-sizedchocolatebar.(一個(gè)中等大小的蘋果含有高達(dá)95卡路里的熱量。然而，它的含糖量——大約19克——仍然比你從常規(guī)尺寸的巧克力棒中獲得的21克要少)”以及后文“Thefiberpresentinfruitsandvegetableshelpscontrolbloodsugarlevelsnaturally.Itslowsdowndigestionandstopsthebloodsugarlevelsfromrisingastheywouldafteryouconsumecandy.(水果和蔬菜中的纖維有助于自然控制血糖水平。它減緩消化，阻止血糖水平上升，就像你吃糖之后一樣)”可知，上文提到蘋果含糖，后文則提到了纖維，可知本句屬于過渡句，進(jìn)一步解釋這種糖對(duì)身體的影響，E選項(xiàng)中fibers對(duì)應(yīng)后文中Thefiber。故E選項(xiàng)“另外，這種糖對(duì)你的身體傷害較小，因?yàn)樗欣w維”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Eatingonemedium-sizedapplegivesyouyourdailydoseof14%vitaminAand11%ofvitaminC,boththatyourimmunesystemneedsthemost.AntioxidantslikevitaminAandCsavethebodyfromdamagecausedbyunstableatoms.(每天吃一個(gè)中等大小的蘋果就能提供14%的維生素A和11%的維生素C，這兩種維生素都是你的免疫系統(tǒng)最需要的。像維生素A和C這樣的抗氧化劑可以使身體免受不穩(wěn)定原子的傷害)”可知，本句承接上文，進(jìn)一步說明維生素A和C的作用，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)中They指代上文vitaminAandC。故F選項(xiàng)“它們能降低疾病和衰老的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，讓你擁有健康光滑的皮膚”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。【19題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Consumingoneortwoapplesonadailybasisisgoodforyourhealth.Butifyou’rediabetic,youshouldrestricttheconsumptiontonotmorethanasmall-sizedappleadayasapplesareahigh-sugarfruit.Ifyoustayalertandtakeaproperdiet,yourbodywillbenefitalot.(每天吃一個(gè)或兩個(gè)蘋果對(duì)你的健康有好處。但如果你是糖尿病患者，你應(yīng)該限制每天的攝入量不超過一個(gè)小蘋果，因?yàn)樘O果是一種含糖量很高的水果。如果你保持警覺，合理飲食，你的身體會(huì)受益很多)”可知，本段的主旨是關(guān)于每天該吃多少個(gè)蘋果的說明，B選項(xiàng)中eat對(duì)應(yīng)后文中Consuming。故B選項(xiàng)“你一天能吃多少個(gè)蘋果？”符合語(yǔ)境，故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Butifyoueatendlessly,eventhehealthiestfoodintheworldwoulddamageyourbodyandincreasethenumberofdoctorvisits.(但如果你沒完沒了得吃，即使是世界上最健康的食物也會(huì)損害你的身體，增加看醫(yī)生的次數(shù))”可知，上文提到吃太多蘋果對(duì)健康有害，本句為本段最后一句，應(yīng)說明吃蘋果要適量。故A選項(xiàng)“所以適量食用，保證安全”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié),滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空格處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Manypeople,whoselivesarefilledwithonefortunateeventafteranother,don’tunderstandhowtheotherhalf,the___21___halflives.LuisJ.Rodriguezinhisautobiography,AlwaysRunning,bringsthe___22___intohisworldwithin-depthdescriptionsofhis___23___.AftermovingfromMexicotoAmericaattheageoftwo,Rodriguez___24___onthestreetsofLosAngeles.Hisyouthisfilledwithdrugs,gangviolence,andracismagainstMexicans.Byhislateteens,Rodriguezhasalready___25___itall,andistryingtogetawayfromit.AsRodrigueztookmethroughhislife,Iexperiencedmany___26___:hatredashedescribesthepolice;fearduringgangwars;___27___whenhemakesadifferenceinhiscommunity.Rodriguez’sintentionoftellinghisstoryistohelpothersavoidthepainandsufferingheexperienced,andtoshowkidstheycan___28___thattypeoflife.Becausethat’snotalifeI’veeverknown,thebookdidn’thavethat___29___onme,butIwasabletounderstandhisdifficulties.Rodriguez___30___seesachancetoleaveandtriestobringhisfriendswithhim.___31___forthem,leavingthatlifeislikedesertingtheirfamily,andtheyarestill___32___togetoutofpain.Readingthisbookislikeawake-upcall:youseehow___33___others’livesareandfeelextremelyluckyforwhatyouhaveHis___34___isthatit’salwayspossibletoextricate(解救)yourself.WhenRodriguezis16,herealizesgangwars,racism,andhatredmuststop.Iftheworldwereableto___35___this,futuregenerationswouldn’thavetolivethatkindoflife.21.A.unlucky B.brave C.homeless D.poor22.A.runner B.reader C.victim D.friend23.A.youth B.country C.family D.change24.A.runsbusiness B.goesshopping C.looksaround D.growsup25.A.done B.defeated C.experienced D.described26.A.struggles B.pains C.emotions D.wonders27.A.pride B.gratitude C.disbelief D.uncertainty28.A.treasure B.rebuild C.sacrifice D.escape29.A.value B.effect C.stress D.control30.A.instantly B.probably C.eventually D.effortlessly31.A.Uninterestingly B.Unfortunately C.Amazingly D.Naturally32.A.likely B.ready C.unwilling D.unable33.A.different B.meaningless C.plain D.adventurous34.A.promise B.achievement C.message D.story35.A.study B.recognize C.predict D.reserve【答案】21.A22.B23.A24.D25.C26.C27.A28.D29.B30.C31.B32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了LuisJ.Rodriguez在洛杉磯的街頭長(zhǎng)大，他的青年時(shí)代充滿了毒品、幫派暴力和針對(duì)墨西哥人的種族主義。他在他的自傳《總是在奔跑》中深入描述了他的青春，文章介紹了Rodriguez的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷以及想要傳達(dá)的信息?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：許多人的生活中充滿了一個(gè)接一個(gè)的幸運(yùn)事件，卻不理解另一半，也就是不幸的那一半人的生活。A.unlucky不幸的；B.brave勇敢的；C.homeless無家可歸的；D.poor貧窮的。根據(jù)上文“whoselivesarefilledwithonefortunateevent”可知，此處指不幸的人的生活。故選A。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：LuisJ.Rodriguez在他的自傳《總是在奔跑》中深入描述了他的青春，將讀者帶入他的世界。A.runner運(yùn)動(dòng)員；B.reader讀者；C.victim被害者；D.friend朋友。根據(jù)上文“LuisJ.Rodriguezinhisautobiography,AlwaysRunning”可知，此處指將讀者帶入他的世界，故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：LuisJ.Rodriguez在他的自傳《總是在奔跑》中深入描述了他的青春，將讀者帶入他的世界。A.youth青少年；B.country國(guó)家；C.family家庭；D.change改變。根據(jù)后文“Hisyouthisfilledwithdrugs,gangviolence,andracismagainstMexicans.”可知，這本書主要描述了他的青春。故選A。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：Rodriguez兩歲時(shí)從墨西哥搬到美國(guó)，在洛杉磯的街頭長(zhǎng)大。A.runsbusiness經(jīng)營(yíng)商業(yè)；B.goesshopping購(gòu)物；C.looksaround環(huán)顧四周；D.growsup長(zhǎng)大。根據(jù)后文“onthestreetsofLosAngeles”可知，Rodriguez在洛杉磯的街頭長(zhǎng)大的。故選D。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：到了十幾歲的時(shí)候，Rodriguez已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷了這一切，并試圖擺脫它。A.done完成；B.defeated擊敗；C.experienced經(jīng)歷；D.described描述。根據(jù)上文“Hisyouthisfilledwithdrugs,gangviolence,andracismagainstMexicans.”可知，此處指經(jīng)歷了上文提到的毒品、幫派暴力和針對(duì)墨西哥人的種族主義。故選C。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Rodriguez向我講述他的一生時(shí)，我感受到了許多情感：他描述警察時(shí)，我感到了仇恨；幫派戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的恐懼；為自己的社區(qū)做出貢獻(xiàn)而感到自豪。A.struggles努力；B.pains痛苦；C.emotions情感；D.wonders奇觀。根據(jù)后文描述“hatredashedescribesthepolice;fearduringgangwars”可知，此處指情感復(fù)雜，故選C。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)Rodriguez向我講述他的一生時(shí)，我感受到了許多情感：他描述警察時(shí)，我感到了仇恨；幫派戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的恐懼；為自己的社區(qū)做出貢獻(xiàn)而感到自豪。A.pride自豪；B.gratitude感激；C.disbelief懷疑；D.uncertainty猶豫。根據(jù)后文“whenhemakesadifferenceinhiscommunity”可知，Rodriguez為自己的社區(qū)做出貢獻(xiàn)而感到自豪。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Rodriguez講述他的故事的目的是幫助其他人避免他所經(jīng)歷的痛苦和苦難，并向孩子們表明他們可以逃避那種生活。A.treasure珍視；B.rebuild重建；C.sacrifice犧牲；D.escape逃走。根據(jù)上文“helpothersavoidthepainandsufferingheexperienced”可知，Rodriguez講述他的故事的目的是幫助其他人避免他所經(jīng)歷的痛苦和苦難，并向孩子們表明他們可以逃避那種生活。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因?yàn)槲覐奈唇?jīng)歷過這樣的生活，這本書對(duì)我沒有那么大的影響，但我能夠理解他的困難。A.value價(jià)值；B.effect影響；C.stress強(qiáng)調(diào)；D.control控制。根據(jù)上文“Becausethat’snotalifeI’veeverknown,thebookdidn’thavethat”可知，因?yàn)樽髡邚奈唇?jīng)歷過這樣的生活，所以這本書對(duì)作者沒有那么大的影響，故選B?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：Rodriguez最終看到了離開的機(jī)會(huì)，并試圖帶著他的朋友們一起離開。A.instantly立刻；B.probably可能；C.eventually終于；D.effortlessly輕松地。根據(jù)后文“seesachancetoleaveandtriestobringhisfriendswithhim”可知，此處指作者最終看到離開的機(jī)會(huì)，試圖帶著他的朋友們一起離開。故選C。【31題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，對(duì)他們來說，離開這種生活就像拋棄他們的家庭，他們?nèi)匀粺o法擺脫痛苦。A.Uninterestingly無趣地；B.Unfortunately不幸地；C.Amazingly驚人地；D.Naturally自然地。根據(jù)后文“forthem,leavingthatlifeislikedesertingtheirfamily”可知，不幸地是朋友無法離開這種生活。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，對(duì)他們來說，離開這種生活就像拋棄他們的家庭，他們?nèi)匀粺o法擺脫痛苦。A.likely可能的；B.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；C.unwilling不情愿的；D.unable不能的。根據(jù)上文“forthem,leavingthatlifeislikedesertingtheirfamily”可知，朋友無法離開這種生活，無法擺脫痛苦。故選D。【33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：讀這本書就像一個(gè)警鐘：你看到了別人的生活是多