16.語法綜合練習語篇填空題-2022年上海名校高中自主招生英語直通車

第頁第16第16講：語法綜合練習語篇填空題1考點歸納、考前鞏固、真題鏈接1 語法綜合過關(guān)測試說明:本測試題共10套語篇語法綜合填空題，每題1分，試題由名校老師撰稿，部分試題有一定難度，供參考、選用。語法填空測試題1題源：CNN14歲以下抖音用戶全部進入青少年模式新聞背景：為進一步加大青少年保護力度，抖音宣布了將實施平臺史上最嚴格的青少年保護措施，14歲以下實名認證用戶將直接進入青少年模式，每天只能使用40分鐘，每天晚上10點至次日6點也無法使用。TheChineseversionofTikTokisintroducinga"teenagemode"___1___willlimittheamountoftimechildrenundertheageof14spendontheshort-formvideoappto40minutesaday.Themeasurewillapply___2___allDouyinusersundertheageof14whohaveregisteredfortheappusing___3___(they)realnames,Beijing-basedByteDanceannouncedinastatementonSaturday.Douyinwillalsobeunavailabletothoseusersbetween10p.m.and6a.m.,___4___ownerofTikTokandDouyinadded.Thecompanyalsourgedparents___5___(help)theirchildrenregisterwithrealnames,orotherwisemanuallyenable"teenagemode."Theappalsosaiditwouldintroducenewcontent—rangingfromscience___6___(experiment)andmuseumstoartgalleryexhibitionand___7___(nature)scenery—to"inspire"youngerteens.___8___(limit)usageofDouyinisa"proactivemeasure"byByteDancetogetaheadofpotentialregulation.The___9___(decide)couldpushotherInternetplatformswithshortvideocontenttolookatimplementing(實行)similarrestrictions.DouyinopponentKuaishou—which___10___(back)byTencent(TCEHY)—introducedasimilarsettingforminorsin2019.答案解析1.that/which考查定語從句。因先行詞為teenagemode，指事物，用that/which引導定語從句，并在從句中作主語。2.to考查介詞。applyto...應用于……。3.their考查代詞。theirrealnames他們的真實名字。4.the考查冠詞。表示特指，用定冠詞。5.tohelp考查非謂語。urgesb.todo...敦促某人做……。6.experiments考查名詞復數(shù)。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前沒有a、this、that等限定詞，考慮用復數(shù)。根據(jù)文意多次科學實驗，用復數(shù)形式。7.natural考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。naturalscenery自然風景。名詞轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞，作定語。8.Limiting/Tolimit考查非謂語。作主語，用ing形式或動詞不定式。9.decision考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。動詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞作主語。10.isbacked考查被動語態(tài)。bebackedby由……支持。語法填空測試題2題源：VOA你瞅啥？機器人的凝視影響人類行為新聞背景：來自意大利理工學院（ItalianInstituteofTechnology）的研究人員研究了類人機器人的凝視（相互的或回避的）是否會對人們在社會決策環(huán)境中進行戰(zhàn)略推理的方式產(chǎn)生影響。ARobot’sGazeCanAffecttheHumanBrainHaveyouevermadeeyecontactwitharobot?Itcanbeaverystrangeexperience.Now,researchersattheIstitutoItalianodiTecnologia(IIT)inItalyhavefoundthatitismorethanjustafeeling.Theyrananexperiment___1___showedhowarobot'sgaze（凝視）cantrickpeopleintothinkingtheyare___2___(social)interactingwithahumanbeing.Thatexperiencecanslowaperson's___3___(able)tomakedecisions.Theteamasked40peopletoplayavideogameof"chicken."Inthegame,eachplayerhadtodecidewhether___4___(permit)acartodrivestraighttowardanothercar___5___toturntoavoidacrash.Thepeoplewereplayingagainstahuman-likerobot___6___(sit)acrossfromthem.During___7___(break)inthegame,playershadtolookattherobot.Sometimestherobotwouldlookbackandothertimesitwouldlookaway.Astheinteractionshappened,thescientistscollecteddataonbehaviorandbrainactivity.Theresultsshowthatthehumanbrainprocessestherobotgazeasasocialsignal,which___8___(have)animpactonthewaywe'remakingdecisions___9___thestrategieswedeployinthegameandalsoonourresponses.Thefindingscouldbevery___10___(use)inhelpingtodecidewhereandhowhuman-likerobotsmightbeplacedinthefuture.答案解析1.that/which考查定語從句。因先行詞為experiment，指事物，所以用that/which引導定語從句，并在從句中作主語。2.socially考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動詞interact，用副詞作狀語。3.ability考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。abilitytodo...做……的能力。名詞作賓語。4.topermit考查非謂語。"疑問詞+todo“，在本句中作賓語。5.or考查連詞。whether...or...是……還是……。6.sitting考查非謂語。現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語，修飾robot。7.breaks考查名詞復數(shù)。break為可數(shù)名詞，意為”休息，間歇“。單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前無限定詞，考慮填復數(shù)。8.has考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。因which指代socialsignal，是單數(shù)，所以在一般現(xiàn)在時中用has。9.on考查介詞。decisionon...對……作出決定。10.useful考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。形容詞作表語。語法填空測試題3題源：VOA疫情肆虐，美國學校園藝流行新聞背景：美國在冠狀病毒健康危機期間，學校園藝變得非常流行，家庭和教師表示，學校的實踐課可以用來教授許多科目。SchoolGardeningBecomesMorePopularinUSSchoolgardeninghasbecomeverypopularduringthecoronavirushealthcrisis,withfamiliesandteacherssayingitshands-onlessonscan___1___(use)toteachmanyubjects.Findingthemoneytokeepaschoolgarden___2___(go)canbetough.Someexpertsandteachers,however,arefinding___3___(create)waystomakeitwork.SusanHobartisa___4___(retire)elementaryschoolteacheratLakeViewElementarySchoolinMadison,WisconsinSheoverseestheschool'slargegardenwith12raisedbeds."Gardensareagreatwaytogetkidsoutsidewithapurpose.Withgardens,kidsgettoseeabeginning,amiddleand___5___endtotheirproject,withtangibleresults,"shesaid.Tangiblemeans___6___(easy)seenorrecognized.TobyAdamsdirectstheNewYorkBotanicalGarden'sEdibleAcademy,___7___schoolchildrenlearnaboutgrowingfood.Adamssaidthatinterest___8___schoolgardensincreasedafterMichelleObamaplantedagardenattheWhiteHouseandinvitedschoolchildrentohelp.Adamsaddedthatthere___9___(be)anotherincreaseininterestsincethecoronavirushealthcrisisstarted."Givingkidstheopportunity___10___(move)outside,gettheirhandsdirty,andfindworms,especiallyiftheirteachersareexcitedaboutit—that'shuge,"Adamssaid.答案解析1.beused考查被動語態(tài)。因?qū)嵺`課是“被用來”教授許多科目的，用被動語態(tài)。2.going考查非謂語。表示“使……一直做”，為keep...doing。3.creative考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。creativeways有創(chuàng)意的方式。動詞create轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞creative作定語，修飾名詞ways。4.retired考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。retiredelementaryschoolteacher退休小學教師。動詞retire(退休)轉(zhuǎn)換為形容詞retired（退休的），作定語，修飾名詞teacher。5.an考查冠詞。本句中end作可數(shù)名詞，意為“結(jié)尾，結(jié)束”，與前面的abeginning,amiddle一樣都是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，加不定冠詞，元音前用an。句意：有了花園，孩子們可以看到他們項目的開始、中間和結(jié)束，并獲得切實的成果。6.easily考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動詞seenorrecognized，用副詞作狀語。7.where考查定語從句。因先行詞為Academy，指地點，且所填詞不充當從句的主語或賓語，所以用where引導定語從句，并在從句中作狀語。句意：托比·亞當斯（TobyAdams）是紐約植物園食用學院的主任，學生們在那里學習種菜。8.in考查介詞。interestin...對……的興趣。9.hasbeen考查時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語從句sincethecoronavirushealthcrisisstarted(自從冠狀病毒健康危機爆發(fā)以來)，從過去開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，用現(xiàn)在完成時。tomove考查非謂語。theopportunitytodo...做……的機會。動詞不定式作后置定語。語法填空測試題4題源：ChinaDaily新聞背景：開學季臨近云南一高校為準大學生們準備了一份特殊的禮物“大象駕駛證”那么，有了“大象駕駛證”，是不是就可以騎大象呢？原來，這是該校的文創(chuàng)產(chǎn)品。亞洲象是我國一級重點保護野生動物，在云南省僅有300多頭。亞洲象稀有且兇猛，不僅不能騎，而且還要保護好它們。閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。AcollegeinSouthwestChina'sYunnanprovincehaspresentedsomenewstudents___1___"elephantridinglicenses"thisfallasapromotionforwildlifeprotection.Thelicense,___2___(gift)byYunnanPolytechnicCollege,hasthedriver'sinformationontheleftpageandtheelephant'sinformationattheright.Eachelephanthas___3___(it)ownlocalname,suchas"Shaobaogu","Shaoerkuai"and"Xiaoyangyu",mostof___4___arealsonamesoffood.Thelicensealso___5___(have)descriptionsof"offenses"thatleadto"pointsdeductions(扣分)",suchas"drunkdriving","runningredlights","eatingtreesinthegreenbelt"and"usingaphonewhileriding".CollegeauthoritiessaidthatwildAsianelephantsare___6___(naiton)first-classprotectedanimals.Notonlyshouldstudentsnever___7___(actual)attempttoridetheseelephants,buttheyalsoshouldstrivetoprotecttheseendangered___8___(creature).Awanderingelephantherdhasfinallyfinisheditsnorthboundtrip,returningtoitsnaturalhabitatinMojiangcountyinYunnan'sPu'ercityafter___9___(travel)over1,300kilometers.Theherdbecameinternationalstarsintheprocessandraisednationwide___10___(aware)ofwildlifeprotection.答案解析：1.with考查介詞。presentsb.withsth.把…交給；頒發(fā)；授予（=presentsth.tosb.）2.gifted考查非謂語。gift一般作名詞，意為“禮物”或“天賦”等。但本句中g(shù)ift作動詞，意為“白送（togivesthtosbwithouttheirhavingtomakeanyefforttogetit）。本句已有謂語動詞has，且與所填詞之間沒有連詞，判定填非謂語。因license是“被贈送”的，用過去分詞作后置定語，表被動。3.its考查代詞。表示“它的”，用物主代詞its。4.which考查定語從句。還原從句：mostofthenamesarealsonamesoffood.因先行詞為names，指事物，用which引導非限制性定語從句。5.has考查時態(tài)。因主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，一般現(xiàn)在時中謂語動詞相應用have的第三人稱單數(shù)形式has。6.national考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。nationalfirst-classprotectedanimals國家一級保護動物。修飾名詞animals，用形容詞作定語。7.actually考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動詞attempt，用副詞作狀語。8.creatures考查名詞復數(shù)。因有these修飾，用名詞復數(shù)形式。9.traveling考查非謂語。afterdoing...做了……之后。因動作由句子主語主動執(zhí)行，用ing形式作狀語，表主動。10.awareness考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。awareness[??we?n?s]n.意識;了解。raiseawareness提高意識。用名詞作賓語。句意：在這一過程中，象群成為了國際明星，并在全國范圍內(nèi)提高了野生動物保護意識。語法填空測試題5題源：VOA網(wǎng)站西伯利亞發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)萬年前冰凍幼獅，仍栩栩如生新聞背景：在西伯利亞永久凍土層中發(fā)現(xiàn)的一只近2.8萬年前的洞穴獅子幼崽，保存得非常完好，你仍然可以看清它的每一根胡須。全球變暖使凍土層融化，尸體也就展現(xiàn)在人們的面前。閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ScientistssaytheremainsofayounglionfoundinRussiain2018are28,000yearsoldand___1___excellentcondition.Theysaythelionbaby,orcub,maystillholdsomeof___2___(it)mother'smilkinsideit.Thecubwasafemalecavelion.ResearchersnamedherSparta.Herremains___3___(discover)inpermanentlyfrozengroundattheSemyuelyakhRiverinRussia'sYakutiaarea.Theremainsofanotherancientcavelionhadbeenfoundnearbyin2017.ItwasamalethatresearchersnamedBoris.Thefindingswerepartofastudy___4___(publish)inthejournalQuaternary.Thecubswerefound15metersfromeachother.But,thescientistssaidmany___5___(generation)separatedthem.TheresearchshowedthatBorislivedaround43,448yearsago.Spartawassowellpreserved___6___itstillhaditsfur,organsandskeleton.Thescientistshopetofind___7___(evident)ofmother'smilkinsideSpartainordertolearn___8___cavelionsate.SimilarfindsinRussia'slargerSiberianarea___9___(increase)inrecentyears.ClimatechangeiswarmingtheArctic___10___(fast)thantherestoftheworld.Thatincreaseintemperaturehasmeltedthegroundinsomeareasthatwerepermanentlyfrozen.答案解析1.in考查介詞。inexcellentcondition狀態(tài)良好。2.its考查代詞。用its表示“它的”，指代“幼獅的”。3.werediscovered考查被動語態(tài)。因幼獅是“被發(fā)現(xiàn)”的，用被動語態(tài)，主語remains(遺體；遺骸)是復數(shù)，用were。(關(guān)于本題主謂一致問題，通過文章首句的are可推知用復數(shù)。)4.published考查非謂語。astudypublishedinthejournalQuaternary發(fā)表在《第四紀》雜志上的一項研究。句中已有謂語動詞were且與所填詞之間沒有連詞，可知填非謂語。用過去分詞作后置定語，表被動。5.generations考查名詞復數(shù)。many后用復數(shù)名詞。6.that考查狀語從句。so...that...如此……以至于……。句意：斯巴達保存得如此完好，以至于它仍然有皮毛、器官和骨骼。7.evidence考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。evident[?ev?d?nt]adj.清楚的，顯然的。evidence[?ev?d?ns]n.證據(jù)。形容詞轉(zhuǎn)換為名詞作賓語。8.what考查名詞從句。whatcavelionsate洞穴獅子吃的東西。what意為“……的東西”，在及物動詞learn后引導賓語從句，并在從句中作ate的賓語。9.haveincreased考查時態(tài)。inrecentyears近年來。表示動作從幾年前持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，用現(xiàn)在完成時。主語為finds(發(fā)現(xiàn)物)，是復數(shù)名詞，所以用have而不用has。句意：近年來，在俄羅斯較大的西伯利亞地區(qū)也有類似的發(fā)現(xiàn)。10.faster考查比較等級。根據(jù)than可知用比較級。句意：氣候變化使北極變暖的速度比世界其他地區(qū)都快。語法填空測試題6題源：VOA網(wǎng)站海冰融則帝企絕新聞背景：美國一項研究結(jié)果表明，隨著全球氣溫持續(xù)變暖，南極海冰消融的速度逐漸加快，帝企鵝(Emperorpenguin)的生存空間不斷遭受擠壓。如果此現(xiàn)象一直得不到有效遏制的話，那么預估到

2100

年，絕大部分的帝企鵝族群將走向滅絕。閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MeltingIceThreatensEmperorPenguinEnvironmentClimatechangeisthreateningtheseaiceenvironmentofEmperorpenguins.Anewstudysuggeststhat98%ofEmperorpenguingroupsmaybepushedcloseto___1___(extinct)bytheyear2100.Andabout70%oftheirgroups___2___(be)indangerby2050.___3___researchwaspublishedinthejournalGlobalChangeBiology.Emperorpenguinsneedsecureseaicetoreproduce,tofeedandtomolt.Moltingisthereplacementoftheiroldfeatherswithnew___4___(one).Thenewstudylookedatoverallwarmingdevelopmentsandtheincreasinglikelihoodofextremeweatherchangesbecauseofglobalwarming.Thestudynotedthat___5___(extreme)lowlevelsofseaicein2016ledtoalargereproductionfailureofanEmperorpenguingroupinAntarctica'sHalleyBay.Thatyear,___6___(season)seaicebrokeup___7___youngpenguinshadtimetodevelopwaterproof(防水的)adultfeathers.About10,000babybirdsdrowned.Thegroupdidnotrecoverafterward.Emperorpenguinsaretheworld's___8___(large)penguins.Therearecurrentlybetween625,000and650,000ofthemworldwide.Thepenguinssurviveby___9___(gather)ingroupsofseveralthousandbirds.Buttheycannotsurvive___10___enoughseaice.答案解析1.extinction考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。bepushedclosetoextinction被推向滅絕的邊緣。2.willbe考查時態(tài)。因是2050年的事情，用一般將來時。3.The考查冠詞。特指上句講到的研究，表示特指，用定冠詞。4.ones考查代詞。指代名詞復數(shù)feathers，相應的代詞也用復數(shù)ones。5.extremely考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。extremelylow極低的。修飾形容詞low，用副詞作狀語。6.seasonal考查詞類轉(zhuǎn)換。seasonalseaice季節(jié)性海冰。修飾名詞短語seaice，用形容詞作定語。7.before考查連詞。表示“在……之前，還沒來得及”，用before。句意：那一年，季節(jié)性海冰在小企鵝還不來得及長出防水的成年羽毛之前就已經(jīng)融化了。8.largest考查比較等級。表示“最大的”，用最高級。9.gathering考查非謂語。bydoing通過做……。介詞后用動詞ing形式。10.without考查介詞。根據(jù)句意“但如果沒有足夠的海冰，它們就無法生存”，用without表示“如果沒有”。語法填空測試題7Theoriginsofthemusicareasinterestingasthemusic1.Jazz2(invent)byAmericanNegroes,orblacks,astheyarecalledtoday,3werebroughttotheSouthernstatesasslaves.Theyweresoldtofarmownersand 4(force)toworklonghoursinthecottonandtobaccofields.5aNegrodies,6friendsandrelativeswouldgatherandcarrythebodytohaveaceremony 7theyburiedhim.Therewasalwaysabandwiththem.Onthewaytotheceremonythebandplayedslow,solemnmusic 8（suit)forthesituation.Butonthewayhomethemoodchanged.Spiritslifted.Everyonewashappy.Death9(remove)oneoftheirmembers,but10livingweregladtobealive.Thebandplayedhappymusic.Thismusicmadeeveryonewanttodance.Itwasanearlyformofjazz.1．itself．考查反身代詞。句意：音樂的起源和音樂本身一樣有趣令人有趣。2．wasinvented。jazz是過去被黑人發(fā)明的，所以用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：3．who．引導一個定語從句，指代前面的AmericanNegroes，orblacks，在從句中作主語。4．forced．與前面的“theyweresold并列，省略了theywere：5．When．引導一個時間狀語從句。6．his．根據(jù)這句話的最后一個單詞him可以得知答案：7．before．儀式是在埋葬死人之前舉行的，所以用before：8．suitable．(be)suitblefor固定搭配，形容詞短語作后置定語，修飾前面的slow,solemnmusic。9．hadremoved．因為remove這個動作發(fā)生在過去動作changed,1ifted，washappy，wereglad等的前面，所以要過去完成時。10．the．the十a(chǎn)dj．表——類人，theliving指“活著的人”。語法填空測試題8Yearsago,IworkedwiththeNotcoCompanyastheheadofthedesigningdepartment.Oneofthebestdesigners31(call)SteveKing,32wascleverandhard-wolfing.Wedidn'tknowhiscareer33onedaywhenhehad34accident.Hislegswere35(bad)hurtandhewasThenhetoldthedoctorhissecret36hewasawoman.37hadpretendedtobeaman38(get)ajobsheliked.ThatnightwhenIwenttovisither,Ifoundhersecret.ThenextdaythecompanyheldameetingabouttheproblemofMsKing.39thecompanyhadneverhadwomen40(engine)working,wefinallydecidedtoletherstay.Fromthenon,morewomenworkerswereemployedbytheNotcoCompany.31．wascalled32．who33．until34．a(chǎn)n35．badlv36．that37．She38．toget39．Though／Although40.engineers31.wascalled．縱觀全句，此處缺謂語動詞，且主語exam與change構(gòu)成被動，故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：32．who．引導一個定語從句，做從句的主語：33．until．此處為notuntil的句型：34。an．表泛指．且后為元音發(fā)音開頭：35。badlly。修飾動詞hurt用副詞：36。that．引導同位語從句，解釋secret的內(nèi)容。37。She．由句意可知。此處需填代詞做主語，且應是she才可假裝man：38．toget．不定式表目的：39．Though／Although．引導讓步狀語從句。此句意為：盡管公司從來沒有女工程師工作(的先例)，我們最后還是決定讓她留下。40．engineers工程師：women要修飾復數(shù)名詞。語法填空測試題9Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereis31mixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswherepeoplearesimilarinmanyways.Thesimplereasonforthisis32therearemoredifferentwaysoflookingatthingspresentinthefirstkindofsociety.Therearemoreideas,more33(disagree)ininterest,andmoregroupsandorganizations34differentbeliefs.Inaddition,thereisusuallyagreaterworldlyinterestandgreatertolerancein35(mix)societies.36thesefactorstendtopromotesocialchangebyopeningmoreareasoflifetodecision.Inasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanyways,thereare37(few)occasionsforpeopletoseetheneedortheopportunityforchangebecause38seemstobethesame.And39conditionsmaynotbesatisfactory,40areatleastcustomaryanddoubtless.31．a(chǎn)32．that33．disagreements34．with35．mixed36．All37．fewer38．everything39．a(chǎn)lthough40．they本文講的是不同種類的人融合在一起的社會較人們在許多方面具有相似觀點的社會變化更快：31．a(chǎn)．指“一種”有各種不同人的混合型社會：32．that在thereasonfor／why…isthat…句型中，習慣上用that引導表語從句：33．disagreements．在thereare后與ideas并列一定是名詞，且也要用復數(shù)表示“不同意見”：34．With．指“具有”不同信仰的群體或組織：35．mixed．因societies與1TIIX在被動關(guān)系，用動詞的．ed形式作定語，表示“混合的”。36．All．指上述提到的“所有”這些因素都會促使社會變化：37．fewer．指在“人們在許多方面具有相似觀點的社會”較在“不同人混合的社會里”，人們覺得有必要改變的機會“更少”。