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河北省2018年中考英語(yǔ)試卷一、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Pleasecomein,Alice.Welcometo_________house.A.her B.his C.my D.your()2.Didyouhearthe________?Ascientistwillvisitourschool.A.a(chǎn)dvice B.news C.praise D.choice()3.Thisdoglooks________.It'swearingredshoes.A.clever B.brave C.funny D.careful()4.Bob,dinnerisready.Pleasewashyourhands________youeat.A.until B.a(chǎn)fter C.while D.before()5.Garyisthebestsingerinmyclass.Nooneelse________sowell.A.sings B.sang C.willsing D.issinging()6.—Thebreadisreallydelicious.—Thankyou,I________itmyself.A.make B.made C.willmake D.a(chǎn)mmaking()7.Canyouhelpme________thepen?It'sunderthechair.A.a(chǎn)skfor B.lookfor C.pickup D.putup()8.I________aninvitationtotheconcert.Ican'twaittogo.A.receive B.willreceive C.wasreceiving D.havereceived()9.Lookatthepicture.ThetopfiveTVplays________init.A.list B.a(chǎn)relisted C.willlist D.willbelisted()10.—Hi,Ken.DidMrs.Zhangtellus________?—Yes.Shesaidweshouldmeetthereatnine.A.whichwasthewaytothestation B.whyweshouldmeetatthestationC.whenweshouldgettothestation D.whoweshouldmeetatthestation二、完形填空11.閱讀下面短文,掌握其大意,然后從各小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Oncetherewasakingandhisdaughter.Thekingaskedhisdaughterhowmuchshelovedhim.Shesaidthatshelovedhimasmuchastheloved(1).Heranswermadethekingveryhappy.Saltissimplething,(2)itisveryimportant.Sothekingthoughthisdaughtercaredalotabouthim.Salthasmany(3).Bodiesneedsalt.Ifwedon'thaveenough,ourbodiescan'tworkproperly.Weputsaltonicyroadstomakethem(4).Wealsousesalttoproduceotherproducts,likepaperandglass.Butformanyyears,salt'smostimportantjobwasto(5)food.Likeotherlivingthings,mostbacteria(細(xì)菌)needwatertolive.Salttakesinplentyofwater,somostbacteria(細(xì)菌)cannotlive(6)asaltyenvironment.Asaresult,saltprotectsfoodandmanyotherthings.Formuchofhumanshistory,thisabilityhasmadesalt(7).EveryancientculturefromEgypttoChinadependedonsalt.Eventoday,thehardworkingusefulpeopleare(8)as“thesaltoftheearth”.Forcenturies,saltwasalsohardto(9).It'susefulness,togetherwithrarity(稀有)madeitveryexpensive.Saltcouldevenbeusedlike(10).Infact,thewordsalary(薪水)comesfromthewordsalt.Today,saltisusedmorewidelyanditstillplaysanimportantroleinourlife.()(1)A.salt B.a(chǎn)ir C.gold D.sugar()(2)A.or B.so C.a(chǎn)nd D.but()(3)A.forms B.secrets C.uses D.skills()(4)A.wide B.safe C.smooth D.thick()(5)A.protect B.provide C.produce D.prepare()(6)A.in B.outside C.for D.without()(7)A.hopeful B.comfortable C.valuable D.successful()(8)A.saved B.dreamed C.invited D.described()(9)A.sell B.get C.take D.keep()(10)A.money B.medicine C.earth D.food三、閱讀理解12.閱讀理解ADearsir,Iorderedaskirtfromyoulastmonth,buttherearesomeproblemswithit.First,thecolorisnotasgreenasitisshownonyourwebsite.Iunderstandthatthepicturedoesnotalwaysshowtherealcolor,butitshouldnotbethatdifferent.Second,IaskedforSizeMbecauseitisthesizeIusuallywear.ButyourSizeMissosmallthatIhavetogiveittomyyoungersister.Ithinkyoushouldbemoreseriousaboutyourbusiness.TrulySusanRosenDearMs.Rosen,Thankyoufortellingustheproblemswithyourorder.Wehopewecangiveyoubetterservice.Wearesendingyouanotherskirtwiththisletter.ItisSizeL,anditsgreencolorisbrighterthantheoneyouhad.Wehopeyoulikeit.Ourofficehoursare9:00a.m.—5:00p.m.Pleasecallusifyouhaveanymorequestions.YourstrulyVictorSmith()(1)WhydidSusanRosenwritetheletter?A.Tosaysorrytohersister. B.ToshowthepicturetoSmith.C.Totellherproblemtoafriend. D.Totalkaboutwhatshebought.()(2)WhatdidVictorSmithdoforSusanRosen?A.Hehelpedhercanceltheorder. B.Hesentheranewskirt.C.Heaskedhertovisittheoffice. D.Hecalledherforanothercolor.13.閱讀理解B
EdwardroseearlyontheNew-yearmorning.HelookedineveryroomandwishedaHappyNewYeartohisfamily.Thenheranintothestreettorepeatthattothosehemightmeet.
Whenhecameback,hisfathergavehimtwobright,newsilverdollars.
Hisfacelightedupashetookthem.Hehadwishedforalongtimetobuysomepettybooksthathehadseenatthebookstore.
Heleftthehousewithalightheart,expectingtobuythebooks.Asherandownthestreet,hesawapoorfamily.
“IwishyouahappyNewYear.”saidEdward,ashewashappilypassingon.Themanshookhishead.
“Youarenotfromthiscountry?”saidEdward.Themanagainshookhishead,forhecouldnotunderstandorspeakhislanguage.Buthepointedtohismouth,andtothechildrenshakingwithcold,asif(好像)tosay,“Theselittleoneshavehadnothingtoeatforalongtime”
Edwardquicklyunderstoodthatthesepoorpeoplewereintrouble.Hetookouthisdollars,andgaveonetothemanandtheothertohiswife.
Theywereexcitedandsaidsomethingintheirlanguage,whichdoubtlessmeant,“Wethankyousomuchthatwewillrememberyouallthetime.”
WhenEdwardcamehome,hisfatheraskedwhatbookshehadbought.Hehunghisheadamoment,butquicklylookedup.
“Ihaveboughtnobooks,”saidhe,“Igavemymoneytosomepoorpeople,whoseemedtobeveryhungrythen.”Hewenton,“IthinkIcanwaitformybookstillnextNewYear.”
“Mydearboy,”saidhisfather,“Herearesomebooks,moreasarewardforyourgoodnessofheartthanasaNew-Yeargift”.
“IsawyougivethemoneycheerfullytothepoorGermanfamily.Itwasniceforalittleboytodoso.BealwaysreadytohelpothersandeveryyearofyourlifewillbetoyouaHappyNewYear.”(1)Edwardexpectedto________withthemoneyhegotfromhisfather.A.helpthepoorfamily B.buysomethingtoeatC.buysomeprettybooks D.learnanotherlanguage()(2)WhydidthepoormanshakehisheadwhenEdwardspoketohim?A.Hecouldn'tunderstandtheboy. B.Hewouldn'tacceptthemoney.C.Hedidn'tliketheboy'slanguage. D.Hewastoocoldtosayanything.()(3)HowmuchdidEdwardgivethepoorfamily?A.Onedollar. B.Twodollars. C.Threedollars. D.Fourdollars.()(4)WeknowthatEdward________fromthepassage.A.gotaprizeforhiskindheart B.hadtobuyhisbooksnextyearC.boughtthebooksatthebookstore D.gotmoremoneyfromhisfather14.閱讀理解CDIYYourOwnDessertsWeofferdifferentkindsofclassedtoyouall.Averypopularclassweareofferingthese10daysistheclassnamed“DIYYourOwnDesserts”.Canyouimaginehowhappyyourbelovedonewillbehappywhenyougivehim/heryourDIYdessertsonthespecialdayslikebirthday,Mother'sDayandFather'sDay?Cometoourclassandmakeyourowndesserts.Giveyourbelovedonesomesurprises!Theclassrunsdailyanditisacompletelyhands-onpersonalcookingexperiencelastingupto4hourslearning3-4recipes(食譜)eachlesson.Theteacherwillfirstshowhowtocookdifferentrecipesinfrontofyou.Andthenhewillguideyouonhowtoprepareandmakethefood.Attheendoftheclassyoucaneithereatthemealpreparedduringtheclassortakeithomewithyou.What'smore,you'llbeabletotakehomethecopiesofalltherecipes.Costs:$30eachlesson.Youcanstartatanytime.Gotoourwebsitetogetmoreinformationabouttheclass.Youcaneithere-mailusorcometoourofficeforattendingit.()(1)Youcanjointheclassifyouliketo________.A.offersomerecipes B.teachhowtocookC.makedessertsyourself D.getsomesurprises()(2)Youwill_________intheclass.A.eatthemealwiththeteacher B.celebratethespecialdaysC.learn2-3recipeseachlessons D.haveahands-onexperience()(3)Youwillpay_________forfivelessons.A.$30 B.$60 C.$120 D.$150()(4)Howcanyouattendtheclass?A.Makeaphonecalltothem. B.Sendthemane-mail.C.Getinformationfromparents. D.Cometotheclassdirectly.15.閱讀理解D“Volunteeringmakesyoulookattheworlddifferently.Youseehowlittlethingscanchangeaperson'slifeforthebetter,whichmakeseveryoneabetterperson.”Mason,avolunteersaid.NationalVolunteerWeekstartedin1974andisheldeveryApril.Itisatimetothankvolunteersfortheirachievements.Itisalsoaperfectopportunity(機(jī)會(huì))toencourageotherstotaketheirfirststeptowardbecomingavolunteer.Makingthedecisiontotakethefirststepcanbethebiggestproblem,becausetheyoftenwonderiftheywillbeabletomeettheorganization'sexpectations(期望).Somepeoplefearnotknowinganyoneelseinthegroup.Nothavingenoughtimealsopreventssomefromsharingtheirabilities.Thefollowingtipscanhelpifyouhavesomeoftheseworries.★Startoutslowly,don'taddtoomuchpressure.Evenafewhoursamonthcanmakeabigdifferenceinsomeone'slife.★Chooseanorganizationwiththesameinterestsandcommonvalues.★Takepartinatrainingmeetingfornewvolunteers,evenifitisnotasked.★Workwithaveteranvolunteer.Hevolunteeredalot,hecanhelpyouincreasetheconfidenceandcompletelyunderstandtheorganization'sexpectations.★Inviteafriendorfamilymembertoserve.Itisagoodexperiencetovolunteerwiththem.★Finally,itismostimportanttoenjoythevolunteerexperienceandtorememberthatnotallvolunteerexperiencesareperfect.Ifoneexperiencedoesn'twork,don'tgiveupandyou'llsurelyfindtherightopportunity.Spendsometimeonvolunteerworkandyouwillseegreatchangesinpeople'slives.AsMasondiscoveredduringhisvolunteerexperience,“…littlethingscanchangeaperson'slife.”()(1)Volunteeringcanhelp_________.A.makeadecision B.seetheworldclearlyC.thankotherpeople D.makeperson'slifebetter()(2)Whatcouldbethereasontostoppeopletakingthefirststep?A.Theydon'thaveenoughtime. B.Theyarepreventedbytheirfamilies.C.Theyfearthattheirabilitiesareshared. D.Theydon'texpecttobecomevolunteers.()(3)Whichofthefollowingcanhelppeopletakethefirststep?A.Startoutquickly. B.Organizeatrainingmeeting.C.Inviteafriendtobewiththem. D.Joininagroupwithdifferentvalues.()(4)Theunderlinedword“veteran”inthepassagemeans“_________”.A.polite B.humorous C.young D.experienced()(5)Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Totellpeopletomakechangesintheirlives.B.Toencouragepeopletostarttheirvolunteering.C.Howtomakegreatachievementsinvolunteering.D.Howtokeeponvolunteeringwhateverhappened.四、任務(wù)型閱讀16.閱讀短文,并按要求完成小題
Artificialintelligence(AI)(人工智能)isgrowingrapidly.WearelivinginaworldthatdependsmoreandmoreonAI.AIisagroupoftechnologiesthathelpmachinesget,understandanduseinformationtodotasks.
AI'srecentdevelopmentshavegotalotofsocialattention.SomepeoplehavewelcomedAIbecauseitmakesthingspossible.Forexample,AIwillhaveabiginfluenceonareaslikemedicineandengineering.Butthisattentionhasalsoproducedalotoffear.Especially,manyworkersareworryingthatAIcouldmakethemlosetheirjobs.
Accordingtoarecentstudy,nearlyfivepercentofjobswilldisappearbecauseofAI.Insomeindustries,AIisalreadydoingtheworkthatpeopleusedtodo,suchasassembling(裝配)cars,diggingthecoalandliftinggoods.Self-drivingcarsandtruckscontrolledbyAIwillalsotakeawaythedriver'sjobsinthefuture.
Ontheotherhand,AIwillalsocreatemanynewjobsforpeople.MorepeoplewillbeneededtowriteprogrammersforAIsystems(系統(tǒng))andtheywillsetupandworkonthem,too.Meanwhile,jobsthatrequirefeelings,excellentcommunicationskillswithpeoplewillnotbereplaced(取代)byAI.Theseincludesjobsinfieldsliketeaching,nursingandpersonaltraining.
AIishere.Itischanginghowpeopleliveandworkinmanyways.ThatmakesAIimportanttowatch,nottofear.
⑴⑵題完成句子;⑶題簡(jiǎn)略回答問(wèn)題;⑷題找出并寫下第二段的主題句;⑸題將問(wèn)中畫(huà)線句子譯成漢語(yǔ)。(1)AIisthathelpmachinestodotasks.(2)controlledbyAImaymakethedriverslosetheirjobs.(3)WhatwillAIcreateforpeople?(4)找出并寫下第二段的主題句(5)將問(wèn)中畫(huà)線句子譯成漢語(yǔ)五、詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用17.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及所給提示,在文中的空白處填寫一個(gè)正確的單詞。June15,2018ThismorningItookabustoschool.Thetrafficwas(busy)thanusualandthereweremorepeopleonthebus.AtXinhuaStop,Isawoldmangetonthebus.Helookedveryweak.Istoodandgavemyseattohim.Hethankedmeandaskedmeaboutmynameandmyschool.Wetalked(happy).Laterinthe(three)class,Mr.Ducameinandaskedmetogotothefront.Ididn'tknoww,soIwasalittleafraid.Everyonewaslookingatme.Thenhetold(they)whatIdidonthebusthismorning.He(know)itbecausehegotaphonecallfromtheoldman.Mr.DusaidIcouldbeagoodexampletomy(classmate).Itwasreallyagooddayfme!Iwassoproud.六、基礎(chǔ)寫作(包括A、B兩部分)18.A)連詞成句,將所給詞語(yǔ)連成句子,標(biāo)點(diǎn)已給出。要求:符合語(yǔ)法,語(yǔ)句通順,大小寫正確,詞語(yǔ)不得重復(fù)使用。(1)it,outside,hot,is?(2)ontime,to,remember,arrive.(3)forlunch,we,what,do,have?(4)acupof,Lucy,me,tea,brought.(5)your,beautiful,are,how,kites!19.B)書(shū)面表達(dá)
請(qǐng)仔細(xì)觀察下面的圖片,并根據(jù)所給提示和要求寫一篇短文。提示:⑴Whatarethemanandthewomandoing?⑵Whatshouldyoudowhenyouseepeoplelitterlikethis?Why?要求:⑴短文須包括所有提示內(nèi)容,可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。⑵短文中不要出現(xiàn)真實(shí)的地名、校名和人名。⑶詞數(shù)80個(gè)左右(開(kāi)頭已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))。參考詞匯:throw,environment,civilized(文明的)Icanseeamanandawomaninthepicture.Themanis
答案解析部分1.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:請(qǐng)進(jìn)來(lái),愛(ài)麗斯。歡迎來(lái)我的家。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是形容詞性物主代詞。根據(jù)句意請(qǐng)進(jìn)來(lái),可知這是自己的家,說(shuō)話人的人稱應(yīng)使用第一人稱,my,我的,故答案選C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查形容詞性物主代詞的辨析。根據(jù)句意判斷出應(yīng)使用的人稱。2.【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:你聽(tīng)說(shuō)這個(gè)消息了嗎?一位科學(xué)家將要拜訪我們的學(xué)校。A.advice意見(jiàn);B.news新聞,消息,不可數(shù);C.praise表?yè)P(yáng),贊揚(yáng);D.choice選擇,抉擇。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境,Ascientistwillvisitourschool.是一個(gè)消息,故答案選B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查名詞辨析;注意理解選項(xiàng)的意思,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選擇合適意義的詞。3.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:這條狗看起來(lái)很有趣,它穿著雙紅鞋。clever意為“聰明的”;brave意為“勇敢的”;funny意為“有趣的、滑稽的”;careful意為“認(rèn)真的”。狗穿著雙紅色的鞋,應(yīng)是有趣的、滑稽的,故答案選C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查形容詞詞義辨析。注意掌握常用詞義,分析語(yǔ)句確定合適的答案。4.【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:Bob,晚飯準(zhǔn)備好了,在吃飯前請(qǐng)洗手。until直到,after在...之后,while當(dāng)...時(shí)候,before在…之前。根據(jù)句意請(qǐng)?jiān)诔燥堉跋词?,?yīng)使用before,故答案選D。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查連詞辨析。注意理解選項(xiàng)意思,根據(jù)語(yǔ)境選擇合適的連詞。5.【答案】A【解析】【分析】句意:Gary在我們班是最好的歌手,其他人沒(méi)有她唱得好。由Garyisthebestsingerinmyclass.得知該句描述的是現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài),應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。sings一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),sang一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),willsing一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài),issinging現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),故答案選A。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。要從上下文中推斷出應(yīng)使用的時(shí)態(tài)。6.【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:—面包真的很好吃?!x謝,我自己做的。根據(jù)句意“面包美味可口”得知面包已做好,則說(shuō)自己做的應(yīng)為過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,因此應(yīng)使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。故答案選B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的辨析。注意根據(jù)語(yǔ)境判斷出動(dòng)作是什么時(shí)候發(fā)生的從而確定時(shí)態(tài)。7.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:你能幫助我撿起這個(gè)鋼筆嗎?它在椅子下面。A.askfor向某人要,尋求;lookfor尋找;C.pickup撿起;D.putup搭建,張貼。根據(jù)句意“在椅子下面”可知需要pickup“撿起”,故答案選C。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。注意理解短語(yǔ)意義,理解句意。8.【答案】D【解析】【分析】句意:我已經(jīng)收到音樂(lè)會(huì)的邀請(qǐng),我等不及要去了。由句意得知我已經(jīng)收到去音樂(lè)會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)函,動(dòng)作已完成造成的影響是我等不及要去,要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),故答案選D?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)題目所給語(yǔ)境推斷出應(yīng)使用的時(shí)態(tài)。9.【答案】B【解析】【分析】句意:看這張圖片,最好的五個(gè)電視劇在上面列出了。ThetopfiveTVplays應(yīng)該是被列出來(lái)的,用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被+過(guò)去分詞;由“Lookatthepicture”得知是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),因此為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故答案選B。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。注意主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間的關(guān)系。10.【答案】C【解析】【分析】句意:—張老師告訴我們什么時(shí)候到達(dá)車站了嗎?—是的,她說(shuō)我們應(yīng)該在九點(diǎn)到那里。由答語(yǔ)“weshouldmeetthereatnine.”可知,問(wèn)句詢問(wèn)時(shí)間,引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)使用when,故答案選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)確定從句的的句意,從而判斷從句的結(jié)構(gòu)和連接詞。11.【答案】(1)A;(2)D;(3)C;(4)B;(5)A;(6)A;(7)C;(8)D;(9)B;(10)A【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文通過(guò)國(guó)王的女兒愛(ài)國(guó)王就像喜愛(ài)食鹽一樣的故事作為引入,引出鹽的重要作用。接下來(lái)的段落介紹鹽的用途。
(1)名詞的辨析。句意:她說(shuō)愛(ài)你就像愛(ài)食鹽一樣。根據(jù)上文Heranswermadethekingveryhappy.Saltissimplething,______itisveryimportant.可知,故答案選A。
(2)連詞的辨析。句意:鹽是很簡(jiǎn)單的東西,但是它很重要。根據(jù)上下句的關(guān)系判斷,表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故用but。故答案選D。
(3)名詞的辨析。句意:鹽有許多用途。根據(jù)后文介紹我們身體不能缺少食鹽,以及食鹽能夠吸水等等用途可知,表示用途。A.forms形式;B.secrets秘密,秘訣;C.uses用處,用途;D.skills技能,技巧。選項(xiàng)A,B和D不符合表達(dá)要求,故答案選C。
(4)形容詞的辨析。句意:我們把鹽放在光滑的雪地上讓地面變得安全。這個(gè)句子表達(dá)的是食鹽的一個(gè)用途,根據(jù)常識(shí)我們知道下雪路滑的時(shí)候,我們?nèi)錾鲜雏},融化較快,是路面變的安全。A.wide寬闊的;B.safe安全的;C.smooth光滑的;平整的;D.thick厚的。故答案選B。
(5)動(dòng)詞的辨析及語(yǔ)境理解。句意:但是數(shù)年來(lái),鹽的最重要的作用是保護(hù)食物。根據(jù)下文“Likeotherlivingthings,mostbacteria(細(xì)菌)needwatertolive.Salttakesinplentyofwater,somostbacteria(細(xì)菌)cannotliveinasaltyenvironment.”可知,鹽應(yīng)該是保護(hù)食物。A.protect保護(hù);B.provide提供;C.produce生產(chǎn);D.prepare準(zhǔn)備。故答案選A。
(6)介詞的辨析。句意:食鹽可以吸收大量的水,因此細(xì)菌不能在咸的環(huán)境下生存。A.in在里面;B.outside在外面;C.for為了;D.without沒(méi)有。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)和上下文語(yǔ)境可知為在咸的環(huán)境里,故答案選A。
(7)形容詞的辨析。句意:在人類歷史上,鹽的這種能力已經(jīng)使它更有價(jià)值。根據(jù)下文“EveryancientculturefromEgypttoChinadependedonsalt.”可知鹽的價(jià)值。A.hopeful有希望的;B.comfortable舒服的;C.valuable有價(jià)值的;D.successful成功的。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)及語(yǔ)境可知,故答案選C。
(8)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意:甚至當(dāng)今社會(huì),人們把那些努力工作有用的人被描述成“有用的人,正派的人”。A.saved節(jié)約;B.dreamed夢(mèng)想;C.invited邀請(qǐng);D.described描述。根據(jù)句意,表示描述,故答案選D。
(9)動(dòng)詞的辨析。句意:幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái),鹽很難得到。根據(jù)后文“It'susefulness,togetherwithrarity(稀有)madeitveryexpensive.”表示鹽很難得到,因?yàn)樗芟∮胁⑶野嘿F。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)及語(yǔ)境可知表示得到,獲得用get,故答案選B。
(10)名詞的辨析。句意:鹽甚至能像錢一樣被使用。根據(jù)后文“Infact,thewordsalary(薪水)comesfromthewordsalt.”薪水這個(gè)詞來(lái)自鹽這個(gè)詞,A.money錢;B.medicine藥物;C.earth地球,泥土;D.food食物。根據(jù)選項(xiàng)及語(yǔ)境可知,故答案選A?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查詞匯在篇章中的運(yùn)用能力,答題時(shí)首先要跳過(guò)空格通讀文章掌握其大意,然后細(xì)讀文章字斟句酌逐一作答,注意考慮句型、語(yǔ)法、搭配、語(yǔ)境等因素。最后通讀一遍檢查驗(yàn)證。12.【答案】(1)D(2)B【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文講的是網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物遇到的問(wèn)題,通過(guò)信件我們可以看到SusanRosen遇到了兩個(gè)問(wèn)題,一個(gè)是買的裙子顏色不像網(wǎng)站展示的那么綠;其次裙子的尺碼偏小。賣家VictorSmith為了表達(dá)歉意,給SusanRosen再次郵寄一件L號(hào)的新裙子,并表達(dá)歉意。
(1)細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。問(wèn)題:SusanRosen為什么要寫這封信?根據(jù)第一封信的內(nèi)容“Iorderedaskirtfromyoulastmonth,buttherearesomeproblemswithit.First,thecolorisnotasgreenasitisshownonyourwebsite….Second,IaskedforSizeMbecauseitisthesizeIusuallywear.ButyourSizeMissosmallthatIhavetogiveittomyyoungersister.”可知,SusanRosen在和賣家談?wù)撡I的裙子,故答案選D。
(2)綜合判斷題。問(wèn)題:VictorSmith為SusanRosen做了什么?根據(jù)第二封信的內(nèi)容“Wehopewecangiveyoubetterservice.Wearesendingyouanotherskirtwiththisletter.ItisSizeL,anditsgreencolorisbrighterthantheoneyouhad.”可知賣家又新郵寄一件裙子,故答案選B?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、推斷題兩種??碱}型,細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案;推斷題需要聯(lián)系上下文,推斷出需要的信息。13.【答案】(1)C(2)A(3)B(4)A【解析】【分析】文章大意:本篇是一個(gè)記敘文。主要記敘了一個(gè)叫Edward的小男孩,用父母給自己的兩美元去幫助更需要的窮人。最后小男孩不僅從爸爸那得到了喜歡的書(shū)作為新年禮物并且還得到了比新年禮物更重要的獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)——這就是善良和他人的感謝的故事。
(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Edward期望用爸爸給他的錢去買________。根據(jù)第三段第二句“Hehadwishedforalongtimetobuysomeprettybooks.可知答案,故答案選C。
(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。當(dāng)Edward對(duì)這個(gè)窮人說(shuō)話時(shí),他為什么總是搖頭?根據(jù)第六段第二句“Themanagainshookhishead,forhecouldnotunderstandorspeakhislanguage.”可知他不懂孩子說(shuō)的語(yǔ)言。故答案選A。
(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Edward給窮人家多少錢?根據(jù)第七段第二句“Hetookouthisdollars,andgaveonetotheman,andtheothertohiswife”和第二段“Whenhecameback,hisfathergavehimtwobright,newsilverdollars”可知,他給窮人家里兩美元。故答案選B。
(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通過(guò)這篇短文我們知道Edward________。根據(jù)第十一段內(nèi)容Mydearboy,”saidhisfather,“Herearesomebooks,moreasarewardforyourgoodnessofheartthanasaNew-Yeargift”可知,由于男孩的善良爸爸給他買了書(shū)作為獎(jiǎng)賞。故答案選A。
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解,本文只考查了細(xì)節(jié)理解題一種題型,在理解題目的基礎(chǔ)上從原文中找到對(duì)應(yīng)語(yǔ)句進(jìn)行分析即可。14.【答案】(1)C(2)D(3)D(4)B【解析】【分析】文章大意:本文是一篇廣告。主要是介紹DIYYourOwnDesserts課程的主要內(nèi)容以及課程的費(fèi)用和報(bào)名的方式。
(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中“Cometoourclassandmakeyourowndesserts.”可知,如果你想親自做些甜品,可以加入這個(gè)課程。故答案選C。
(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“Theclassrunsdailyanditisacompletelyhands-onpersonalcookingexperiencelastingupto4hourslearning3-4recipeseachlesson.”可知,在這個(gè)課堂上,你可以有親身實(shí)踐的烹飪經(jīng)歷。故答案選D。
(3)細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。由文中“$30eachlesson”可知,五節(jié)課需要$150。故答案選D。
(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中“Youcaneithere-mailusorcometoourofficeforattendingit”可知,可以通過(guò)發(fā)送郵件或直接去辦公室報(bào)名參加。故答案選B?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解。本文涉及到細(xì)節(jié)理解題這一基本題型,在做這一題型的時(shí)候不必通篇細(xì)看原文,而常??刹扇 皫е鴨?wèn)題找答案”的方法.先從問(wèn)題中抓住關(guān)鍵性詞語(yǔ)。然后以此為線索。要快速地辨認(rèn)和記憶事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié),就要恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用略讀及查讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與此問(wèn)題相關(guān)的段落、語(yǔ)句.仔細(xì)品味,對(duì)照比較、確定答案。15.【答案】(1)D(2)A(3)C(4)D(5)B【解析】【分析】文章大意:本篇文章是一篇議論文。通過(guò)闡述參加志愿者活動(dòng)的益處以及如何幫助人們消除對(duì)參加志愿者活動(dòng)的顧慮從而鼓勵(lì)人們參加志愿者活動(dòng)。
(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Youseehowlittlethingscanchangeaperson'slifeforthebetter”可知。學(xué)生在選題時(shí)容易受到第一句的影響誤選B.但如果仔細(xì)看后面的句子不難選出正確答案。做題時(shí)務(wù)必控制答題速度。故答案選D。
(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Nothavingenoughtimealsopreventssomefromsharingtheirabilities”可知是沒(méi)有時(shí)間。故答案選A。
(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段后面★標(biāo)注的幾條建議,我們可以逐一排除錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)第五條建議中提到的“Inviteafriendorfamilymembertoserve”可知Inviteafriendtobewiththem.是對(duì)的。故答案選C。
(4)詞義推斷題。根據(jù)下劃線單詞“Veteran”后面的句子“Hevolunteeredalot”說(shuō)明他參加了很多活動(dòng),也就是經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的意思。故答案選D。
(5)主旨大意題。通過(guò)最后一段第一句和最后一句“Spendsometimeonvolunteerworkandyouwillseegreatchangesinpeople'slives”“...littlethingscanchangeaperson'slife”說(shuō)明參加志愿者活動(dòng)的好處??梢酝茰y(cè)出作者是要鼓勵(lì)人們參加志愿者活動(dòng)。故答案選B?!军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查閱讀理解,本文涉及細(xì)節(jié)題、詞義猜測(cè)題和主旨題三種??碱}型,細(xì)節(jié)題要注意從文中尋找答案;詞義猜測(cè)題需要聯(lián)系上下文,推斷出需要的信息;主旨題需要通讀全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。16.【答案】(1)Agroupoftechnologies.(2)Self-drivingcarsandtrucks.(3)AIwillalsocreatemanynewjobsforpeople.(4)AI'srecentdevelopmentshavegotalotofsocialattention.(5)人工智能在很多方面正在改變?nèi)藗冊(cè)趺礃泳幼『凸ぷ?。【解析】【分析】文章大意:人工智能發(fā)展迅速,我們生活的世界越來(lái)越依靠人工智能。人工智能對(duì)人類生活有很大的影響,既有好的也有壞的,人們對(duì)人工智能的發(fā)展應(yīng)以觀察為主,不要懼怕。
(1)細(xì)節(jié)題,考查精確查找答案的能力。根據(jù)第一段中的AIisagroupoftechnologiesthathelpmachinesget,understandanduseinformationtodotasks.通過(guò)抓住關(guān)鍵詞helpmachine很容易確定答案,故答案為Agroupoftechnologies.
(2)細(xì)節(jié)題,根據(jù)第三段最后一句Self-drivingcarsandtruckscontrolledbyAIwillalsotakeawaythedriver'sjobsinthefuture.可以確定答案。AI是汽車可以無(wú)人駕駛,從而是司機(jī)失業(yè),故答案為Self-drivingcarsandtrucks.
(3)細(xì)節(jié)題,根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞create可以確定為第四段第一句話Ontheotherhand,AIwillalsocreatemanynewjobsforpeople.,從而確定答案。AI也為人們創(chuàng)造出新的職業(yè),故答案為AIwillalsocreatemanynewjobsforpeople.
(4)段落大意題,考查對(duì)第二段文章主要內(nèi)容的理解。一般首句或尾句為段落的主旨所在,根據(jù)首句AI'srecentdevelopmentshavegotalotofsocialattention.可知本段主要論述AI引起的問(wèn)題,故答案為AI'srecentdevelopmentshavegotalotofsocialattention.
(5)英漢翻譯題,Itischanginghowpeopleliveandworkinmanyways.翻譯時(shí)需要注意文章時(shí)態(tài),以及關(guān)鍵詞how和it的翻譯。isdoing現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài),how如何表示方式,people人們,liveandwork生活和工作,inmanyways以很多方式,故答案為:人工智能在很多方面正在改變?nèi)藗冊(cè)趺礃泳幼『凸ぷ鳌?/p>
【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查任務(wù)型閱讀,關(guān)鍵在看懂文章,然后根據(jù)題目要求作答,注意盡量用文章的語(yǔ)言填寫答案。在文章中找不到答案時(shí),要完全理解句子,根據(jù)同義詞,句型轉(zhuǎn)換的方式找到可以替換文章中的單詞,短語(yǔ)或者句子的詞。17.【答案】busier;an;up;happily;third;why;them;knew;classmates;for【解析】【分析】文章大意:本篇文章主要講述作者給老人讓座,老人給學(xué)校打電話表?yè)P(yáng)作者的行為以及作者受到表?yè)P(yáng)后的心情。
(1)句意:交通比平時(shí)繁忙。由than可知以用比較級(jí),busy變成busier,故填busier。
(2)句意:我看到一個(gè)老人上車。此處表示一位老人,用不定冠詞,old是元音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞,用an,故填an.
(3)句意:我站起來(lái),把座位讓給老人。由stood可知,固定搭配standup起立,故填up.
(4)句意:我們高興地交談。修飾動(dòng)詞talk,用happy的副詞happily。故填happily。
(5)句意:后來(lái)在第三節(jié)課,吳老師進(jìn)來(lái)了,要求我站到前面。the+序數(shù)詞+名詞,表示第幾……three的序數(shù)詞是third。故填third。
(6)句意:我不知道為什么,所以我有點(diǎn)害怕。由后面的afraid可知老師找學(xué)生,學(xué)生不知道為啥,所以比較害怕。故填afraid。
(7)句意:他告訴他們今天早上我在公交車上所做的事。told后面做賓語(yǔ),用they的賓格them。故填them。
(8)句意:他知道這件事,是因?yàn)樗拥嚼先说碾娫?。由后面的?dòng)詞got可
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