河北省張家口市2025屆高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)試題含解析

PAGEPAGE24河北省張家口市2025屆高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期第一次質(zhì)量檢測(cè)試題（含解析）留意事項(xiàng)：1.考試時(shí)間為120分鐘，滿分150分。2.全部答案在答題卡上完成，答在本試卷上無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話，每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題。從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Sellingcoffee.B.Visitingamuseum.C.Askingfordirections.2.Whataffectstheman'sphonebill?A.Hisfamily'sInternetuse.B.Thetaxesandextrafees.C.Hiscallsandtexts.3.Whydidthewomanbuythehat?A.Itofferscompletesunprotection.B.It'scheaperthanbaseballhats.C.ItwaseasytopurchaseontheInternet.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.She'sbeenextremelybusy.B.Shedreamsofbecomingamillionaire.C.She'sproudofbeingabletodomanythings.5.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesoup?A.It'stoothick.B.It'snotverygood.C.Itneedsabitmoreflavor.其次節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoesthegirlsuggestaboutthefirstpairofshoes?A.They'reagoodvalue.B.They'reeasytowalkin.C.She'llbepopularifshewearsthem.7.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter.B.Salesmanandcustomer.C.Uncleandniece.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WhoisAshleyBryan?A.Apoet.B.Anartist.C.Afamoussailor.9.HowoldwasLangstonHugheswhenhedied?A.Fortyyearsold.B.Sixty-fiveyearsold.C.Ninety-twoyearsold聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Atanairport.B.Attheman'shouse.C.Atthewoman'shouse.11.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Hersuitcaseismorethan40kg.B.ShewilltakeaflighttoAmerica.C.Shehasahandbagandalargebackpack.12.Whattimedoestheflightleave?A.At8:30a.m.B.At9:30a.m.C.At10:30a.m.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdoesthemanprobablydoforaliving?A.Heisajournalist.B.Heisafilmreviewer.C.Heisamagazineeditor.14.Whatisthewoman'sfavoritefilmever?A.PulpFiction.B.JackieBrown.C.KillBill.15.Whatdayisittoday?A.Thursday.B.Friday.C.Saturday.16.Howdoesthemanfeelattheendoftheconversation?A.Verygrateful.B.Alittleannoyed.C.Muchmorecalm.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Wherecancopiesbetrade?A.OnLevel1.B.OnLevel2.C.OnLevel3.18.Howmanybookscanagraduatestudentcheckout?AUptotwo.B.Uptofive.C.Uptofifteen.19.Whatisthelatefeeforabookthatis10daysoverdue?A.$5.B.$15.C.$20.20.WhendoesthelibrarycloseonFridaynights?A.At8:30p.m.B.At9:00p.m.C.At10:00p.m.其次部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AFourwaystospendahappySpringFestivalNo.1choice:ski!Wheretogo:BeijingNationalStadium(Bird'sNest)Activity:the2ndBirdNestSnowSeasonInwinter,theBird'sNestbecomesawhiteworld.The2ndBirdNestSnowSeasonhasalreadystarted.DuringtheChineseNewYearholiday,visitorscanseeadifferentBird'sNest.ThevarioussnowsportswillofferyouadynamicSpringFestivalholiday.Thereare16entertainmentsinthemainvenueandoutfieldtomeettherequirementsofvisitorsofdifferentagesandtastes.Comparedtolastyear,thisyear'seventhasthenewskatingzoneandSnowDodgem,coveringabigareaof1150squaremeters.No.2choice:experiencingstrongChineseNewYearflavorWheretogo:Wuzhen,Jiaxing,ZhejiangProvinceActivity:longstreetbanquetDuringtheSpringFestival,Peopleputuppostersontheirdoorsandwalls.ManycustomsofthelunarNewYearholidaysarcinherited(繼承)inthetown.Themostdistinctiveoneisthe"longstreetbanquet".Inthepast,wealthyfamilieswouldholdbanquetsforguestsintheSpringFestival.Theneighborssetouttablesandchairsalongthestreet.Theconnectedtablesformedthelivelyandcolorful"longstreetbanquet".Today,the"longstreetbanquet"isstillheldinWuzhentown.No.3choice:familytourWheretogo:Disneyland,HongKongHongKongDisneylandisanidealchoiceforafamilytourespeciallywithchildren.Attheageoffive,theDisneylandwillformallystartthegrandceremony"LeapingWonders".TheDisneyFlyingCruisewhichhasneverbeenseenbefore,willappear.No.4choice:expressrailtravelWheretogo:Wuguang(Wuhan-Guangzhou)ExpressRailTheWunguang(Wuhan-Guangzhou)ExpressRailconnectsWuhan,ChangshaandGuangzhou.Itshortensthedistancebetweenthetwoendsintothreehoursandsixteenminutes.ThebestsceneryalongthejourneyisHengshanMountainwherevisitorscanenjoythesnowsight,appreciatetheZhurongPeakandsearchforthemysteriousFangguangTemple.Delicaciesalongtheway:Baoqingporkbloodballs,Maojiabraisedpork,Hunanpreservedfish,Wuhanhotdrynoodles,Wuchangfish,WuhanDoupi(akindofsnackmadefromstickyrice,beef,mushroomsandbeans)andJingwuduckneck.1.Fromthefirstactivitywecanknowthatthe2ndBirdNestSnowSeason_______A.has16entertainmentsinall B.hastwonewprogramsthisyearC.isonlyforchildrenandtheyouth D.coversabigareaof1150squaremeters2.Whichofthefollowingisnottrue?;A.Disneylandisattheageoffive.B.Thelongstreetbanquethasalonghistory.C.WuguangExpressRailisfromWuhantoGuangzhou.D.The2ndBirdNestSnowSeasonisheldinBeijingNationalStadium.3.Inwhichplacecanvisitorsbothseebeautifulscenesandtastedeliciousfood?A.No.1choice:ski!B.No.3choice:familytourC.No.4choice:expressrailtravelD.No.2choice:experiencingstrongChineseNewYearflavor【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，共介紹了四種過(guò)一個(gè)歡樂(lè)春節(jié)的方法。包括干什么，吃什么等。【1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)No.1choice:ski!中的“Comparedtolastyear,thisyear’seventhasthenewskatingzoneandSnowDodgem.(與去年相比，今年的活動(dòng)有了新的滑冰區(qū)和雪道碰碰車)”可知,其次個(gè)鳥(niǎo)巢雪季今年有兩個(gè)新項(xiàng)目。故答案為B?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三項(xiàng)活動(dòng)No.3choice:familytour的“HongKongDisneylandisanidealchoiceforafamilytourespeciallywithchildren.Attheageoffive,theDisneylandwillformallystartthegrandceremony“LeapingWonders”(FeiyueQimiao).(香港迪斯尼樂(lè)園是家庭旅游的志向選擇，特殊是帶孩子的家庭旅游。迪斯尼五周年時(shí)，迪斯尼樂(lè)園將正式起先盛大的儀式“跳動(dòng)奇觀”)”可推斷，迪斯尼五周年了錯(cuò)誤，是五周年時(shí)起先盛大的儀式“條跳動(dòng)奇觀”起先。故答案為A?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四項(xiàng)活動(dòng)No.4choice:expressrailtravel“ThebestsceneryalongthejourneyisHengshanMountain(Hengyang,HunanProvince)wherevisitorscanenjoythesnowsight,appreciatetheZhurongPeakandsearchforthemysteriousFangguangTemple.(沿途最好的風(fēng)景是衡山（衡陽(yáng)，湖南?。?，游客可以在那里觀賞雪景，觀賞珠榮峰，找尋神奇的芳光寺)”和最終一段“Delicaciesalongtheway:Baoqingporkbloodballs,Maojiabraisedpork,Hunanpreservedfish,Wuhanhotdrynoodles,Wuchangfish,WuhanDoupi(akindofsnackmadefromstickyrice,beef,mushroomsandbeans)andJingwuduckneck.(沿途美食：寶清豬肉血球、毛家紅燒豬肉、湖南腌制魚(yú)、武漢熱干面、武昌魚(yú)、武漢豆皮（一種由糯米、牛肉、蘑菇和豆類制成的小吃）和景武鴨頸)”可知，游客既可以看到漂亮的場(chǎng)景，也可以品嘗美味的食物是No.4choice:expressrailtravel。故答案為C。BAprisonerpickedup1,000yuaninthecourseofbuildingtheroadoutsidetheprison.Hehandeditoutwithouthesitation.However,someonewhowasinchargeoftheprisonsaidtohimincontempt,"Stopcheating!Withyourownmoney,playsuchatricktobribeme;whatyouwanttogainbackisthereducedsentence;peopleofyoursortarenothonest."Intotaldespair,theprisonerbelievedthatnooneintheworldwouldtrusthimanymore.Soheescapedfromprisonthatnight.Onhiswaytoflight,herobbedmoneyandvalueswithoutrestraint(自由自在地).Afterrobbingenoughmoney,hetookatrainboundfortheborder.Thecarriagesweresocrowdedthathehadtostandclosetoawatercloset.Atthismoment,aquitebeautifulgirlwalkedintothecloset,andfoundthatthelatchwasbrokenwhensheclosedthedoor.Shesteppedoutandwhisperedtohim,"Sir,couldyouguardthedoorforme?"Inadazeforasecond,he,lookingintothepureeyesofthegirl,noddedhishead.Thegirlwentintotheclosetwithablush;andheguardedthedoortightlylikea'loyalguard.Atthatverymoment,hechangedhismindsuddenly.Atthenextstophegotoffthetrain,andwenttogivehimselfuptothepoliceatthetrainstation.Trustisthemostpreciousthinginthisworld.Itcannotbebought,orgainedbylureorforce.Itcomesdeepfromone'ssoul,andlivesintheclearspringofthesoul.Itcanredeem(挽救)thesoulandmakethesoulandmaketheheartfullofpurityandconfidence.4.Whydidtheprisonerescapedfromtheprison?A.Inordertogetfreedom.B.Hewantedtoreducesentence.C.Heplannedtomakemoremoneybystealing.D.Becausehethoughtnooneintheworldwouldtrusthimanymore.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinthefifthparagraphmean?A.Hewantedtohuntforajobatthetrainstation.B.Hewasgoingtohandinthemoneytothepolice.C.Hewasdeterminedtomendhiswaysandturnoveranewleaf.D.Hewenttothepolicestationtotellthepolicewhathappenedonthetrain.6.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Thegirlthoughttheprisonerwasabadman.B.Theprisonerwassetfreebecauseofhishonesty.C.Theprisonerfinallydecidedtohelpthegirlbecauseoftrust.D.Themanescapedfromtheprisontoreducesentence.7.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Trustisthemostvaluablethinginthisworld.B.Itiscertainthathonestyisimportantatanytime.C.Anyonewhohelpsothersintimeiswellworthpraising.D.Thereisnodoubtthatweshouldbelieveinourselvesallthetime.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.A【解析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章講解并描述了一個(gè)勞改犯人在外出修路的過(guò)程中，在路上撿到了1000元錢。他毫不猶豫的把它交了上去。但是沒(méi)人信任他，于是越獄了。但在逃亡途中幫助了一位姑娘，獲得信任。最終自首，在這世界上，信任是一種彌足寶貴的東西，沒(méi)有人能用金錢買得到，也沒(méi)有人可用利誘和武力爭(zhēng)取得到，它來(lái)自一個(gè)人的靈魂深處，也活在靈魂里的清泉，它可以挽救靈魂，讓心靈充溢純凈和自信?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)文章其次段“theprisonerbelievedthatnooneintheworldwouldtrusthimanymore.Soheescapedfromprisonthatnight.(囚犯萬(wàn)念俱灰，心想，這世界上再也不會(huì)有人信任他了。因此那天晚上他越獄了)”可知，囚犯越獄是因?yàn)樗J(rèn)為世界上沒(méi)有人再信任他了。故選D?！?題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題，依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段意思可知，在那一剎那，他突然變更了辦法。到了下一站，他下車了，到車站派出所投案自首。因此推斷劃線部分說(shuō)明他確定悔過(guò)自新，重新做人，故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題，依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段的“Inadazeforasecond,he,lookingintothepureeyesofthegirl,noddedhishead.Thegirlwentintotheclosetwithablush;andheguardedthedoortightlylikealoyalguard.(他呆了一會(huì)兒，看著女孩純凈的眼睛，點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭。女孩臉紅紅地走進(jìn)壁櫥，他像一個(gè)忠誠(chéng)的衛(wèi)兵一樣緊緊地守著門)”可知，由于信任，囚犯最終確定幫助那個(gè)女孩。故選C。7題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)最終一段“Trustisthemostpreciousthinginthisworld.”（信任是這個(gè)世界上最寶貴的東西）結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章講解并描述了一個(gè)勞改犯人在外出修路的過(guò)程中，在路上撿到了1000元錢。他毫不猶豫的把它交了上去。但是沒(méi)人信任他，于是越獄了。但在逃亡途中幫助了一位姑娘，獲得信任。最終自首，文章通過(guò)這個(gè)故事說(shuō)明信任是一種彌足寶貴的東西，沒(méi)有人能用金錢買得到，也沒(méi)有人可用利誘和武力爭(zhēng)取得到，它來(lái)自一個(gè)人的靈魂深處，也活在靈魂里的清泉，它可以挽救靈魂，讓心靈充溢純凈和自信。因此推斷文章主要講解并描述信任是這個(gè)世界上最有價(jià)值的東西。故選A。CBytheyear2050,afifthoftheworld’scitieswillexperienceunprecedentedclimateconditionsandenvironmentsthatcurrentlydon'texistinanymajorcities,accordingtonewresearch.AteamofscientistsattheCrowtherLabinSwitzerlproducedthereport,whichdescribedtheclimatefor520majorcities30yearsinthefuture.Theresultsshowedthat77percentoftheworld’scitieswillexperienceasurprisingchangeinclimateconditionsby2050,and22percentofthe520citieswillseeconditionsthatarenotcurrentlyexperiencedbyanyexistingmajorcities.InChinain2050,theclimateofXi’an,inShanxiprovince,willbesimilartothatofcurrentdayMaseru,thecapitalcityofLesothoinsouthernAfrica,withthemaximumtemperatureofthewarmestmonthlikelytoincreaseby4.5C.ChongqinginsouthwestChinawillresembletheclimateofSwazilandcapitalMbabane,asthewarmesttemperatureispredictedtoriseby5.1C.ScientistspredictsummersinEuropewillgetwarmerbyanaverageof3.5CandEuropeanwinterswillseetemperaturerisesof4.7C.London'sclimatewillbemoresimilartoBarcelona,andMadrid’stoMarrakech.TheCrowtherLabhopestheanalysiswillmotivatedecision-makerstotakenecessarystepstopreventoraddresssomeoftheclimateimpactsduetothethreatofclimatechange.Thereportalsofoundthatcitiesintropicalregionswillexperiencesmallerchangesinaveragetemperaturebutwillbecontrolledbyshiftsinrainfallregimes.Thismayleadtoanoticeableincreaseinunexpectedevents,andseveredroughts.“Acrossallscientificfields,thegreatestchallengeinclimatescienceisnolongertheprecisemeasurementofclimatechangeimpacts,butinspiringpeopletopictureitsactualeffectsinordertomotivateaction,”saidTomCrowther,seniorscientistandfounderoftheCrowtherLab.8.Theunderlinedwordinthefirstparagraphprobablymeans.A.New B.Similar C.Familiar D.Important9.Howdidthescientistsprovetheirresult?A.Bycomparison. B.Bytheory.C.Byexperiment. D.Bynumber.10.Whatisthepurposeofthelab?A.Tocomparetheclimatechangeofthemajorcitiesoftheworld.B.Toinspirepeopletopictureitsactualeffectsinordertomotivateaction.C.Toinspiredecision-makerstotakenecessarystepstopreventsomeoftheclimateimpacts.D.Toshowthat77percentoftheworld'scitieswillexperienceastrikingchangeinclimateconditions.11.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.WorldTemperature B.CurrentClimateChangeC.BigTitlesintheWorld D.FutureClimateChangeinMostBigCities【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.D【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)探討試驗(yàn)，試驗(yàn)表明到2050年，世界上很多大城市的氣候?qū)⒆兣??！?題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第一段劃線詞后的thatcurrentlydon’texistinanymajorcities可知，unprecedentedclimate是指在任何大城市現(xiàn)在都不存在的氣候，即史無(wú)前例的新出現(xiàn)的氣候。故選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三、第四段中的…thewarmestmonthlikelytoincreaseby4.5C.…thewarmesttemperatureispredictedtoriseby5.1C.…getwarmerbyanaverageof3.5CandEuropeanwinterswillseetemperaturerisesof4.7C.可知，此處列舉了西安、重慶和歐洲的一些城市的數(shù)據(jù)。由此可知，科學(xué)家是用數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)證明探討結(jié)果的。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段TheCrowtherLabhopestheanalysiswillmotivatedecision-makerstotakenecessarystepstopreventsomeoftheclimateimpactsduetothethreatofclimatechange.可知，Crowther試驗(yàn)室希望該分析將激勵(lì)決策者實(shí)行必要措施，防止氣候變更威逼造成的一些氣候影響。由此可知，該試驗(yàn)室的目的是激勵(lì)決策者實(shí)行必要的措施來(lái)防止一些氣候影響。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第一段Bytheyear2050,afifthoftheworld’scitieswillexperienceunprecedentedclimateconditionsandenvironmentsthatcurrentlydon’texistinanymajorcities,accordingtonewresearch.可知，依據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的探討，到2050年，世界上五分之一的城市將經(jīng)驗(yàn)?zāi)壳叭魏沃饕鞘卸紱](méi)有的前所未有的氣候條件和環(huán)境。隨后用詳細(xì)數(shù)據(jù)和城市對(duì)比進(jìn)行了論證。由此可知，D項(xiàng)FutureClimateChangeinMostBigCities(大多數(shù)大城市將來(lái)的氣候變更)概括了全文內(nèi)容，適合作為標(biāo)題。故選D。DMaybeyouthinkthericherthehappier.Astherichestcountriesintheworld,you’dexpectthatQatarandJapanesepeoplewouldalsobethehappiest.Seeingasthoughtheyhavethehighestlifeexpectancy(平均壽命).Butclearlywealthandgoodhealthdonotguaranteehappinessafterbothcountriesfailedtomakethetoptenmostpositivecountries.Thesurveyofnearly150,000peoplearoundtheworldfoundthatsevenoftheworld’s10countrieswiththehappiestattitudesareinLatinAmerica.Gallupaskedabout1,000peopleineachof148countriesiftheywerewell-rested,hadbeentreatedwithrespect,smiledorlaughedalot,learnedordidsomethinginterestingandfeltfeelingsofenjoymentthepreviousday.InPanamaandParaguay,85percentofthosesurveyedsaidyestoallfive,puttingthosecountriesatthetopofthelist.TheywerefollowedcloselybyElSalvador,Venezuela,TrinidadandTobago,Thailand.Guatemala,thePhilippines,EcuadorandCostaRica.ThepeopleleastlikelytoreportpositiveemotionslivedinSingapore,thewealthyandorderlycity-statethatranksamongthemostdevelopedintheworld.Otherwealthycountriesalsosatsurprisinglylowonthelist.GermanyandFrancetiedwiththepoorAfricanstateofSomalilandfor47thplace.Manyofthesevencountrieswhichweremostpositivedopoorlyintraditionalmeasuresofwell-being,likeGuatemala,acountrytornbydecadesofcivilwarfollowedbywavesofgang-drivencriminalitythatgiveitoneofthehighestmurderratesintheworld.“InGuatemala,it’sacultureoffriendlypeoplewhoarealwayssmiling,”saidLuzCastillo,a30-year-oldsurfinginstructor.“Despitealltheproblemsthatwe’refacing,we’resurroundedbynaturalbeautythatletsusgetawayfromitall.”Thepoll(民意測(cè)驗(yàn))showsthatwealthynationscanalsobedeeplyunhappyones.Andpoverty-strickenonesareoftenfullofpositivity,oratleastacloseapproximationofit.12.Whichofthefollowingcountryisthehappiestoneaccordingtothepassage?A.Qatar. B.Panama. C.Japan. D.Singapore.13.Thepassagetellsusdecidespeopleshappiness.A.wealth B.goodorder C.health D.positiveemotions14.Fromthepassagewecaninfer.A.TherichestcountriesareinAsiaB.PeopleinpoorcountriesareunhappyC.ThehappiestcountrieshavegoodsocialorderD.PeopleinGuatemalafacethedifficultypositivelybecauseofitsbeautifulnature15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.TheWorldCountries B.TheWorldHappiestRegionC.TheWorldHappinessIndex D.TheWealthyCountriesintheWorld【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.B【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。講解并描述了世界上最富有的國(guó)家，以及評(píng)判華蜜的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第五段“InPanamaandParaguay,85percentofthosesurveyedsaidyestoallfive,puttingthosecountriesatthetopofthelist.”可知，在巴拿馬和巴拉圭，85%的受訪者對(duì)全部5個(gè)問(wèn)題都表示贊同。由此可知，這些國(guó)家名列榜首巴拿馬和巴拉圭是名單上最華蜜的國(guó)家。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)其次段“Manyofthesevencountrieswhichweremostpositivedopoorlyintraditionalmeasuresofwell-being,likeGuatemala,acountrytornbydecadesofcivilwarfollowedbywavesofgang-drivencriminalitythatgiveitoneofthehighestmurderratesintheworld.“InGuatemala,it’sacultureoffriendlypeoplewhoarealwayssmiling,”saidLuzCastillo,a30-year-oldsurfinginstructor.“Despitealltheproblemsthatwe’refacing,we’resurroundedbynaturalbeautythatletsusgetawayfromitall.””可知，在這七個(gè)最主動(dòng)的國(guó)家中，有很多在傳統(tǒng)的華蜜指標(biāo)上表現(xiàn)很差，比如危地馬拉，這個(gè)國(guó)家在幾十年的內(nèi)戰(zhàn)中四分五裂，之后又有一波又一波的幫派犯罪活動(dòng)，這使得該國(guó)成為世界上謀殺率最高的國(guó)家之一?！霸谖５伛R拉，人們友好，總是面帶微笑，”30歲的沖浪教練LuzCastillo說(shuō)。“盡管我們面臨著全部的問(wèn)題，但我們四周的自然美景讓我們可以遠(yuǎn)離一切?！庇纱丝芍?，盡管生活的環(huán)境很差，但只要有一個(gè)主動(dòng)的看法就可以很華蜜。故選D項(xiàng)。14題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)其次段““InGuatemala,it’sacultureoffriendlypeoplewhoarealwayssmiling,”saidLuzCastillo,a30-year-oldsurfinginstructor.“Despitealltheproblemsthatwe’refacing,we’resurroundedbynaturalbeautythatletsusgetawayfromitall.””可知，“在危地馬拉，人們友好，總是面帶微笑，”30歲的沖浪教練LuzCastillo說(shuō)?！氨M管我們面臨著全部的問(wèn)題，但我們四周的自然美景讓我們可以遠(yuǎn)離一切?！庇纱丝芍捎谖５伛R拉漂亮的自然風(fēng)光，人們主動(dòng)地面對(duì)困難。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章第三段“Thesurveyofnearly150,000peoplearoundtheworldfoundthatsevenoftheworld's10countrieswiththemosthappiestattitudesareinLatinAmerica.”可知，這項(xiàng)對(duì)世界各地近15萬(wàn)人的調(diào)查發(fā)覺(jué)，世界上看法最華蜜的10個(gè)國(guó)家中有7個(gè)在拉丁美洲。由此可知，這篇文章主要在介紹世界上最華蜜的地區(qū)，介紹了他們?yōu)槭裁词亲钊A蜜國(guó)家的緣由。最終文章告知讀者富有國(guó)家也可能是特別不華蜜的國(guó)家。而貧困的人往往充溢了主動(dòng)，或者至少是特別接近主動(dòng)。故選B項(xiàng)。其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ithappensallthetime-youarestandingonabus,listeningtomusic,whenyoufeelsomeone'sbreathonthebackofyourneck.Youthinktoyourself:Isthispersongettingtooclosetome?Theanswerisyes.Everyonehasasenseofpersonalspace.____16____Accordingtoanewstudy,thesizeofthespaceisdifferentfordifferentpeople,____17____reportedLosAngelesTimes.Inthestudy,researchersfromUniversityCollegeofLondonaskedvolunteerstoholdtheirhandsatdifferentdistancesfromtheirface.Theythengavethemanelectricshockontheirhandwhilemeasuringhowoftenthevolunteersblinked.Themoretheyblinked(擠眼),___18___Theresultsamongvolunteerswerealittledifferent,buttheaveragepersonalspacewas20to40centimeters.Researchersalsofoundthatthemoreanxiousapersonwas,thelargertheirpersonalspacewasbecausetheyweremoresensitive.Besidespsychologicalfactors,___19___.Forexample,apersonwhogrewupinacountrythathugsalothaslessofaproblemwithstrangersgettingtooclosethanapersonwhogrewupinonewithmoredistancebetweenpeople.___20___"Ifyouarechattingtosomeoneinyourlivingroom,youwon'thavealargesafetymargin(界限)atall,"explainedresearcherGianDomenicoIannetti."Butifyouarewalkingthroughadangerousarea,thenthatwillbemuchbigger."Sadly,sometimespeoplejustdon'tunderstandtheideaofpersonalspaceandkeepgettingintoyours.Wheneverthathappens,ratherthantryingtostepbackwards,researcherssuggestthatyou"createanewspace"byturningtowaveatsomeonepassingbyortogetsomethingoutofyourbag.A.Buthowbigisthisspace?B.itshowsthattheyareworriedabouttheirhands.C.themoreofathreattheyfelttheshockwastotheirface.Dbutgenerallyitisbetween20to40centimetersinfrontoftheface.E.cultureisalsothoughttobeabletochangeyourpersonalspace.F.People'ssensesofpersonalspacealsodependontheenvironmentstheyarein.G.Itisclearthatpeople'ssensesofpersonalspaceisconsideredtobeveryimportant.【答案】16.A17.D18.C19.E20.F【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講解并描述了在一些公共社交場(chǎng)合中，你是否有時(shí)會(huì)覺(jué)得他人和自己靠的太近，從而在心理上感到不適。其實(shí)，這是因?yàn)椋秩肓四愕摹皞€(gè)人空間”?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Everyonehasasenseofpersonalspace.”（每個(gè)人都有個(gè)人空間感。）和下文“Accordingtoanewstudy,thesizeofthespaceisdifferentfordifferentpeople”（依據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的探討，空間的大小對(duì)不同的人是不同的）可知，設(shè)空處承上啟下，詢問(wèn)空間的大小。A項(xiàng)：Buthowbigisthisspace?（但是這個(gè)空間有多大呢？）符合語(yǔ)境。故選A?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)上文“Accordingtoanewstudy,thesizeofthespaceisdifferentfordifferentpeople”（依據(jù)一項(xiàng)新的探討，空間的大小對(duì)不同的人是不同的）可知，設(shè)空處跟詳細(xì)的大小有關(guān)，D項(xiàng)：butgenerallyitisbetween20to40centimetersinfrontoftheface.（但通常是在面部前方20到40厘米之間。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選D。【18題詳解】依據(jù)句型“themorethemore…...”可知句意：擠眼的頻率越高，說(shuō)明他們認(rèn)為電擊對(duì)自己面部的威逼程度越高。故選C?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)上句的besides...和下句中的also...可知：“除了心理因素之外，文化也被認(rèn)為能夠影響個(gè)人空間的大小?！币约敖酉聛?lái)所談到的不同文化的空間感，E項(xiàng)：cultureisalsothoughttobeabletochangeyourpersonalspace.（文化也被認(rèn)為能夠變更你的個(gè)人空間。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?0題詳解】設(shè)空處是本段的主題句。依據(jù)下文“"Ifyouarechattingtosomeoneinyourlivingroom,youwon'thavealargesafetymarginatall,"explainedresearcherGianDomenicoIannetti."Butifyouarewalkingthroughadangerousarea,thenthatwillbemuchbigger."（探討人員GianDomenicoIannetti說(shuō)明說(shuō):“假如你在客廳里和某人閑聊，你根本就沒(méi)有很大的平安極限。”“但假如你正穿過(guò)一個(gè)危急區(qū)域，那就會(huì)大得多?！保┛芍?，人們對(duì)不同環(huán)境下空間概念不同，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)：People'ssensesofpersonalspacealsodependontheenvironmentstheyarein.（人們的個(gè)人空間感也取決于他們所處的環(huán)境。）符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Mr.Henry,aLondontaxidriver,hasanewblacktaxi.Hehurriesthroughthebusy____21____everyday.Onedaywhenhewashavingashortrest,ayoungmanjumpedintohis____22____."Tothestationas____23____asyoucan,"shoutedthemaninaveryunfriendlyway."My____24____leavesatthreeo'clock."Mr.Henrydidhisbest,buttherewasalotoftraffic.Ateverycornertherewasa____25____light.Theyoungmansaid,"Hurryup,man!Idon'twanttomissmytrain.""AndIdon'twanttohavean____26____,"repliedMr.Henryquickly.Whilehewaswaiting,Mr.Henrysuddenlyrecognizedtheman's____27____.Hewasa____28____.Thepolicewerelookingforhim.Hispicturewasinthe____29____.Mr.Henry_____30_____throughthestreetsanddrovethroughredlights.Soontherewasapolicecar_____31_____him.Mr.Henryracedonuntilhe_____32_____thestation.Hestoppedinfrontofthestationattwominutestothree,andtheyoungmanquicklyjumpedoutofthetaxi."_____33_____!"criedMr.Henry.Atthemomentthepolicecarstopped,too."Quick!Heisthethief!"shoutedMr.Henry.Twopolicemen_____34_____intothestation.Threeminuteslatertheyreturnedwiththeyoungman."Well_____35_____!"apolicemansaidtoMr.Henryastheyweretakingthethieftothepolicecar.21.A.stations B.shops C.buildings D.streets22.A.house B.taxi C.bed D.truck23.A.fast B.slowly C.quietly D.early24.A.ship B.bus C.plan D.train25.A.green B.yellow C.red D.black26.A.interest B.accident C.answer D.example27.A.face B.eye C.coat D.back28.A.driver B.prisoner C.thief D.worker29.A.films B.offices C.stations D.newspapers30.A.walked B.flew C.raced D.looked31.A.before B.behind C.beside D.near32.A.reached B.passed C.hit D.entered33.A.Look B.Stand C.Stop D.Handsup34.A.broke B.went C.slipped D.rushed35.A.finished B.taken C.known D.done【答案】21.D22.B23.A24.D25.C26.B27.A28.C29.D30.C31.B32.A33.C34.D35.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文，本文講解并描述了一個(gè)機(jī)靈的出租車司機(jī)通過(guò)有意闖紅燈來(lái)引起警察留意，最終在火車王站里警察抓住小偷的故事。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他每天穿梭在繁忙的大街上。A.stations車站；B.shops商店；C.buildings建筑大樓；D.streets大街。依據(jù)“Mr.Henry,aLondontaxidriver”可知，出租車司機(jī)應(yīng)當(dāng)是每天穿梭在繁忙的大街上，故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天當(dāng)他在短暫休息時(shí)，一個(gè)年輕人跳上他的出租車。A.house房子；B.taxi出租車；C.bed床；D.truck卡車。依據(jù)文章開(kāi)頭“taxidriver”可知，他是一名出租車司機(jī)，這個(gè)年輕人應(yīng)當(dāng)是跳上他開(kāi)的出租車，故選B。【23題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：“盡快往車站開(kāi)去”，那個(gè)年輕人特別不友好地喊道。A.fast快地；B.slowly慢地；C.quietly寧?kù)o地；D.early早的。依據(jù)下一句他在趕3點(diǎn)的火車可知，這里指盡可能快。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的火車3點(diǎn)鐘開(kāi)車。A.ship輪船;B.bus公交車；C.plan安排；D.train火車。依據(jù)下文的句子“Hurryup,man!Idon'twanttomissmytrain”可知，這年輕人在匆忙趕火車。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一路上，每個(gè)路口都遇上了紅燈。A.green綠色的；B.yellow黃色的；C.red紅色的；D.black黑色的。依據(jù)下文的“waiting”可知，這里指交通紅燈。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我不想發(fā)生交通事故。A.interest愛(ài)好；B.accident意外事故；C.answer回答；D.example例子。年輕人不停催司機(jī)快點(diǎn)，但司機(jī)不想出事故。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)他在紅燈路口等待時(shí)，突然分辨出他的臉。A.face臉；B.eye眼；C.coat外衣；D.back背。由“Mr.Henrysuddenlyrecognized”可知，這里指認(rèn)出年輕人的長(zhǎng)相。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他是一個(gè)小偷。A.driver司機(jī)；B.prisoner囚犯；C.thief小偷；D.worker工人。由下文第13空格后句子“Quick!Heisthethief!”可知，這是一個(gè)小偷。故選C項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他的照片被登在報(bào)紙上。A.films電影；B.offices辦公室；C.stations車站；D.newspapers報(bào)紙。由上文他分辨出這個(gè)小偷可知，小偷的照片應(yīng)當(dāng)是被刊登在報(bào)紙上，他曾經(jīng)看過(guò)，有印象，才能認(rèn)出他是小偷。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Henry在大街上奔馳，并且闖紅燈。10.A.walked走；B.flew飛；C.raced賽跑；D.looked看。由下文“drovethroughredlights.”可知，司機(jī)開(kāi)的飛速，racethrough“奔馳”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：很快一輛警車跟在他后面。A.before在……之前；B.behind在……之后；C.beside在……旁邊；D.near在……旁邊。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境他闖紅燈，引來(lái)了警察的留意，警車很快跟過(guò)來(lái)開(kāi)在他后面，故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Henry一路上奔馳而過(guò)，直到火車站。A.reached到達(dá)；B.passed通過(guò)；C.hit撞擊；D.entered進(jìn)入。依據(jù)“racedon”可知，司機(jī)開(kāi)車快速到達(dá)車站，reachthestation“趕到車站”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“站住?！盚enry大聲喊道。A.Look看；B.Stand站；C.Stop停下；D.Handsup舉起手。依據(jù)上句，那個(gè)年輕人已下車想去趕火車，Henry一路上想引起警察留意去抓他，這時(shí)應(yīng)當(dāng)是大聲喊叫，叫他站住，不想讓他跑了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：兩個(gè)警察沖進(jìn)車站。14.A.broke打破；B.went去；C.slipped滑倒；D.rushed沖上去。由“intothestation.”可知，兩名警察沖進(jìn)車站，去抓小偷。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“干得好”一個(gè)警察對(duì)Henry說(shuō)道。15.A.finished完成；B.taken拿；C.known知道；D.done做。welldone“干得好”是一個(gè)習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)。Henry告知警察那個(gè)年輕人是小偷，最終警察抓住了小偷，他是贊揚(yáng)Henry干得好，welldone符合語(yǔ)境。故選D項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】完形填空的解題技巧之一就是要依據(jù)上下文來(lái)學(xué)會(huì)“推理”出最佳選項(xiàng)。同學(xué)們要遵循“上下求索”的原則來(lái)逐步查找信息。本文的首句明確了故事主子公的職業(yè)身份背景，以首句所述的背景為推理起點(diǎn)，故事細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)逐步明朗。依據(jù)“Mr.Henry,aLondontaxidriver”可知，出租車司機(jī)應(yīng)當(dāng)是每天穿梭在繁忙的大街上，故小題1選D。希望聰慧的你能駕馭這種技巧，完勝完形填空題。其次節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TodaywevisitasmallmuseumintheAmericanstateofMaryland.____36____iscalledtheNationalCryptologicMuseum(國(guó)家密碼博物館).Thereyouwillfindinformationthat____37___