Unit 3 Topic 3【速記清單】-2023-2024學(xué)年八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)單元速記•巧練（仁愛(ài)版）（原卷版）

第頁(yè)Unit3OurhobbiesTopic3Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?Unit3Topic3重點(diǎn)詞匯動(dòng)詞類(lèi)answer v.答復(fù),回答beat v.打，打敗burn v.燃燒，燒毀pack v.把...打包serve v.端上（飯菜）;接待,服務(wù)solve v.解決(問(wèn)題)chat v.聊天，閑談sell v.賣(mài)出...，出售,轉(zhuǎn)讓pray v.祈禱；祈求agree v.同意；應(yīng)允disappear v.消失，滅絕wake v.醒,醒來(lái),叫醒名詞類(lèi)chat n.聊天,閑談stove n.爐子，火爐pack n.包，捆match n.比賽，火柴factory n.工廠(chǎng)flame n.火焰voice n.嗓音,說(shuō)話(huà)聲news n.消息，新聞duck n.鴨子museum n.博物館answer n.答復(fù),回答,答案dark n.黑暗，深處形容詞&副詞類(lèi)closed adj.關(guān)閉的dark adj.黑暗的;深色的hungry adj.饑餓的roast adj.烤的；v.烤(肉)pleasant adj.令人愉快的，舒適的dead adj.死的so-so adj.一般,不怎么樣,湊合brave adj.勇敢的useful adj.有用的，有益的happily adv.快樂(lè)地，高興地however adv.然而,盡管如此詞形變化goosen.鵝→復(fù)數(shù)：geesebeatv.打敗→過(guò)去式：beatwakev.叫醒→過(guò)去式：wokechatv.聊天→現(xiàn)在分詞：chattingagreev.同意→agreementn.協(xié)議closedadj.關(guān)閉的→反義詞：openadj.開(kāi)著的usefuladj.有用的→反義詞：useless無(wú)用的重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)answerquestions回答問(wèn)題takeashower/bath洗澡servethefood端上飯菜chatwith與...聊天apieceofnews一條新聞agreewithsb同意某人的看法ausefulbook一本有用的書(shū)practicedoing練習(xí)做某事holdtheline不掛電話(huà)線(xiàn)answerthephone接電話(huà)atthistimeyesterday昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候callsbtodosth打電話(huà)叫某人做某事dosomecleaning做打掃inalowvoice低聲地說(shuō)beatsb/團(tuán)隊(duì):打敗某人或團(tuán)隊(duì)wakeup醒來(lái)solvetheproblem解決問(wèn)題laughatsb嘲笑某人makefacesat朝...做鬼臉gettogether團(tuán)聚passby經(jīng)過(guò)falldown掉下,摔倒beafraidtodosth害怕做某事beafraidofdoingsth害怕做某事warmsbup使某人溫暖goout熄滅lightafourthmatch又劃一根火柴takesbwithsb把某人帶上lieagainstthewall靠著墻躺knockat/on敲enjoythemoon賞月atchurch在教堂inthe1800s在19世紀(jì)stopdoingsth停止做某事stoptodosth停下來(lái)做另一件事onMondaymornings在周一早上keepthedoorclosed保持門(mén)關(guān)著too…to…太……而不能allday一整天重點(diǎn)句型1 Holdtheline,please.請(qǐng)別掛斷電話(huà)。2 IcalledyoutogototheEnglishCornerbutnooneanswered.3 我打電話(huà)叫你去英語(yǔ)角，但是沒(méi)人接。4 Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?昨天這個(gè)時(shí)候你在干什么？5 Iwasdoingsomecleaning.我在打掃。6 Isn'titinteresting?難道它沒(méi)趣嗎？7 Itisverypleasant!(音樂(lè))使人愉快！8 Iagreewithyou.我同意你的看法。9 Ican'tagreewithhim.我不能同意他(的觀(guān)點(diǎn))。10 Ourteacheragreedtoouradviceforhavingabasketballgameyesterday.11 昨天老師答應(yīng)了我們舉行籃球賽的要求。12 Hmm,youarequiteright.嗯，你說(shuō)得很對(duì)。13 Butthelittlegirlwasafraidtogohomewithoutsellingoneboxofmatches,becauseherfatherwouldbeather.但是如果連一盒火柴都賣(mài)不出去，小女孩不敢回家，因?yàn)樗母赣H會(huì)打她。14 Thenshelitafourthmatch.然后，她又劃了一根火柴。15 Intheearly1800s,Sundaywasthe"holyday".在19世紀(jì)早期,星期天是神圣的日子。16 AndthentheyfelttootiredtoworkonMondaymornings.那樣，在周一上午他們感到太疲倦而無(wú)法工作。17 Atoneo'clock,everyonestoppedworking.-點(diǎn)鐘的時(shí)候，所有人都停止了工作。18 ThiswasthebeginningoftheideaoftheweekendinEngland.這就是英國(guó)關(guān)于周末的想法的開(kāi)始。語(yǔ)法1.感嘆句用法與類(lèi)型。【考點(diǎn)1】ThetelephoneringswhileJaneispracticingtheviolin.簡(jiǎn)在拉小提琴的時(shí)候，電話(huà)鈴響了?！驹斀狻縲hile是連詞，意為“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，“與……同時(shí)”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞?！颈嫖觥縲hen“當(dāng)……的時(shí)候”，可表示瞬間、時(shí)間點(diǎn)，主、從句所述動(dòng)作、事情可同時(shí)發(fā)生，也可有先有后。while用語(yǔ)兩個(gè)延續(xù)性動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生。【典例】when/while1.Itwassnowing________wegotthere.我們到達(dá)那里時(shí)正在下雪。2.Hewenthome_________hefinishedhiswork.他做完工作就回家了。3.Motherwascooking________fatherwaswatchingTV.爸爸看電視的時(shí)候媽媽在做飯?！究键c(diǎn)2】ThisisMariaspeaking.我就是瑪莉亞。【詳解】本句為電話(huà)用語(yǔ)，可簡(jiǎn)化為“Mariaspeaking.”或“Speaking.”?！炬溄印砍Ｓ秒娫?huà)用語(yǔ)還有：Who’sthatspeaking?你是誰(shuí)？MayIspeaktoTom?請(qǐng)問(wèn)湯姆在嗎？He’snotthererightnow.他現(xiàn)在不在這里。Heisout.他出去了。Holdon,please.請(qǐng)稍等。Holdtheline.請(qǐng)稍等?！镜淅?.—MayIspeaktoTim?—_____________.（請(qǐng)講。）2.—Who’sthatspeaking?—________.A.I’mJulia. B.I’mJuliaspeaking. C.ThisisJuliaspeaking. D.That’sJulia.【考點(diǎn)3】Beijingisoneofhisfavoritecities.北京是他最喜愛(ài)的城市之一?！驹斀狻俊皁neof+名詞復(fù)數(shù)/人稱(chēng)代詞賓格復(fù)數(shù)”意為“……中之一”拓展句型：“oneof+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為“最……的……之一”“oneof+形物代/名詞所有格+形容詞最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù)”意為“某人的最……的……之一”【典例】1.Tomis_______________________good________.湯姆是我的好朋友之一。2.Beijingis__________________________________________inChina.北京是中國(guó)最大的城市之一?！究键c(diǎn)4】Iagreewithyou.我同意你的看法。【詳解】agreewithsb.同意某人的看法?！就卣埂縜gree相關(guān)短語(yǔ)及句型agreetodosth.同意做某事agree+that從句agreeon/aboutsth.關(guān)于某事取得一致意見(jiàn)，達(dá)成共識(shí)【典例】1.Iagree_____mymother______mostthings.A.on;about B.with;about C.on;with D.with;at【考點(diǎn)5】Butthelittlegirlwasafraidtogohomewithoutsellingoneboxofmatches,becauseherfatherwouldbeather.【詳解】（1）beafraidtodosth.害怕做某事【拓展】beafraidofdoingsth.擔(dān)心做某事（2）without為介詞，“無(wú)，沒(méi)有”，與with是反義詞，后接動(dòng)詞的ing形式（動(dòng)名詞形式）。【典例】1.Steven_________________________seeingthepolicemanagain.史蒂芬害怕再次見(jiàn)到那個(gè)警察。2.______________aword,helefttheroom.他一句話(huà)都沒(méi)說(shuō)就離開(kāi)了房間?！究键c(diǎn)6】AndthentheyfelttootiredtoworkonMondaymornings.然后，他們感覺(jué)太累以至于每個(gè)周一的早晨都不能去工作?！驹斀狻縯oo…to…太……而不能……【拓展】（1）too…to…可以與so…that…轉(zhuǎn)換。注意，to后接動(dòng)詞原形，that后接從句。如：Lucyistooyoungtogotoschool.=Lucyissoyoungthatshecan’tgotoschool.露西太小了還不能去上學(xué)。（2）too…to…可以與notenough…to…轉(zhuǎn)換。如：Lucyistooyoungtogotoschool.=Lucyisnotenougholdtogotoschool.露西太小了還不能去上學(xué)?！镜淅?.杰克太矮了夠不到那個(gè)蘋(píng)果。Jackis______short_______catchthatapple.Jackis____________tall______catchthatapple.Jackis______short_______he______catchthatapple.【考點(diǎn)7】Atoneo’clock,everyonestoppedworking.一點(diǎn)鐘，大家都停止工作?！驹斀狻縮topdoingsth.停止做某事（停止正在做的事）【拓展】（1）stoptodosth.停下來(lái)去做某事，表示停下當(dāng)前的事去做另一件事。即do后的動(dòng)作是要開(kāi)始做的事。（2）stopsb.使某人停下來(lái)，攔住某人（3）stopsb.(from)doingsth.組織某人做某事【典例】1.Let’sstop__________(take)pictures.讓我們停下來(lái)去拍照吧。2.Someone_________metoaskthewayonmywayhome.在我回家的路上，有個(gè)人攔住了我，向我問(wèn)路。3.Wemuststoppeople________(kill)wildanimals.我們必須阻止人們殺害野生動(dòng)物?！究键c(diǎn)】過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（1）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間或某段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。通常與表過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用：atthistimeyesterday(昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候），atthattime(在那時(shí)），from8to10yesterdayevening(昨晚從8點(diǎn)到10點(diǎn))等。（2）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)由“was/were+現(xiàn)在v.-ing)”構(gòu)成。（3）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的基本用法①過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)往往是表示過(guò)去的某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：Iwashavingbreakfastat7:00thismorning.今天早上七點(diǎn)鐘，我正在吃早餐.②過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)還表示過(guò)去的某段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：IwaswatchingTVthewholenightyesterday.昨天整個(gè)晚上我都在看電視。③一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的比較一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻、時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：Ireadabooklastnight.昨晚我讀了一本書(shū)。（書(shū)讀完了）.Iwasreadingabooklastnight.我昨晚在讀書(shū)(書(shū)不一定讀完）（4）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法口訣主語(yǔ)在句首,was,were跟其后，現(xiàn)在分詞跟著走，其他成分不可丟。表示過(guò)去動(dòng)作正進(jìn)行，句中應(yīng)有過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)?！阋蓡?wèn)句，把be提句前，否定句式也簡(jiǎn)單，be后只把not添?！镜淅?．Tim________playingthepianoat8:00yesterdayevening.A．ispracticing B．practices C．waspracticing D．willpractice2．Whenshe________thenewspaper,thebaby________asleep.A．reading;fell B．wasreading;wasfalling C．wasreading;fell3．—DidyouseeMissLijustnow? —Yes.Butshe________someone,soInoddedtoherandwentaway.A．phones B．isphoning C．wasphoning D．willphone4．—Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?—I________formyEnglish