第03講 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（三） 含有since和for的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)-【暑假自學(xué)課】2023年新九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)暑假課（仁愛(ài)版）（解析版）

第頁(yè)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（三）含有since和for的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài) since和for是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)當(dāng)中常見(jiàn)的標(biāo)志詞。since“自從……”，for“持續(xù)了……”。since用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的開(kāi)始時(shí)間，for用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)的時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度考點(diǎn)1since和for是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的重要標(biāo)志例題：Something________inourhometownsince2019.Nowit________verymodern. A.ischanged;islooked B.haschanged;looks C.changed;looks【答案】B 【解析】本題用尋找題眼法。根據(jù)since可知第一句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；由now可知第二句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。考點(diǎn)2since和for的用法（1）since的用法since+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：年、月、日、幾點(diǎn)等 ?since1990自從1990年起 ?since5o’clock自從五點(diǎn)起 since+時(shí)間段+ago ?since3monthsago自從三個(gè)月以前 since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)的從句 ?sinceyoulefthome自從你離開(kāi)家以后例題： ①M(fèi)ygrandparents________inthatcitysince2008. A.willlive B.live C.havelived D.wereliving【答案】C【解析】句意：我的祖父母從2008年就生活在哪個(gè)城市里。since＋過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志。 ②I'mlookingafterTomtoday.He'sbeeninmyhouse________8：00thismorning. A.atB.since C.forD.till【答案】B【解析】句意：我今天一直在家照看湯姆。從今天早上8點(diǎn)鐘起他就一直在我家了。8:00thismorning是一個(gè)過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。since后接過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作延續(xù)至今，用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。（2）since的一個(gè)固定句式“Itis＋時(shí)間段＋since＋一般過(guò)去時(shí)的從句”。 ItisfiveyearssinceIcamehere.我來(lái)這兒5年了。（3）for的用法：for＋時(shí)間段例題：—DidyouseeTomyesterday?—No，I________himforalongtime. A.didn'tsee B.hasn'tseen C.saw D.haven'tseen【答案】D【解析】本題用尋找題眼法。根據(jù)foralongtime可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)是第一人稱，故用助動(dòng)詞have。（4）在現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)當(dāng)中，若對(duì)since和for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)進(jìn)行提問(wèn)，都可以用howlong來(lái)提問(wèn)。例題：—________haveyoulivedinLanzhou?—Sincemyparentsfoundjobshere. A.Howlong B.Howfar C.Howsoon D.Howold【答案】A【解析】考查how詞組辨析。howlong多久，提問(wèn)時(shí)間段；howfar多遠(yuǎn)，提問(wèn)距離；howsoon多久以后，提問(wèn)將來(lái)的時(shí)間，答語(yǔ)常用in＋一段時(shí)間；howold多大，提問(wèn)年齡。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)可知，問(wèn)句是對(duì)時(shí)間段提問(wèn)。（5）since和for的句式轉(zhuǎn)換： since＋時(shí)間段＋ago＝for＋時(shí)間段 Theyhaven'tchangedsincetwentyyearsago. ＝Theyhaven'tchangedfortwentyyears. 他們已經(jīng)二十年沒(méi)有改變了。考點(diǎn)3延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞、短暫性動(dòng)詞與since,for 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動(dòng)作。短暫性動(dòng)詞表示不能延續(xù)的動(dòng)作，這種動(dòng)作發(fā)生后立即結(jié)束。(1)若現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子中含表示時(shí)間段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(如含since/for引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ))，則謂語(yǔ)只能使用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。例題：—Theboymisseshisparentsverymuch.—Sohedoes.They________thehometownfornearlytwoyears. A.haveleft B.willleave C.havebeenawayfrom【答案】C【解析】由fornearlytwoyears可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；動(dòng)詞leave是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，在完成時(shí)中要轉(zhuǎn)換為beawayfrom。(2)短暫性動(dòng)詞可以轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞①直接換成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 buy買→have有 borrow借→keep保留 puton穿上→wear穿著 come/go/become來(lái)/去/變成→be在/是②轉(zhuǎn)換成be＋名詞 jointhearmy參軍→beasoldier當(dāng)兵 jointheParty入黨→bea Partymember成為一名黨員 gotoschool去上學(xué)→beastudent成為一名學(xué)生③轉(zhuǎn)換成be＋形容詞/副詞 die死亡→bedead死了 finish結(jié)束→beover結(jié)束 begin開(kāi)始→beon在上映/已開(kāi)始 leave離開(kāi)→beaway遠(yuǎn)離的 fallasleep入睡→beasleep睡著的 close關(guān)閉→beclosed關(guān)著的④轉(zhuǎn)換成be＋介詞短語(yǔ) gotoschool去上學(xué)→beinschool在上學(xué) jointhearmy參軍→beinthearmy在軍隊(duì)中例題： Herson________thearmyfortwomonths.Shemisseshimverymuch. A.hasjoined B.hasbeenin C.joined D.wasin【答案】B【解析】本題用尋找題眼法。該句中“fortwomonths”為持續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故要把非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。join應(yīng)該轉(zhuǎn)換成bein/beamemberof，其現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)為has/havebeenin或has/havebeenamemberof。一、單項(xiàng)選擇1．—Howlong________inShanghai?—Sincetheendoflastyear.A．didshelive B．hasshelived C．willshelive2．—Boysandgirls,whatdoyouwanttoknowaboutH1N1(甲流)?—Iwonder________.A．whenthediseasehashappened B．whatwecandotofightagainstitC．howlongthevirusstarted D．whyhasthediseasespreadsofast3．—WhyisLucy’sChinesesogood?—Becauseshe________Beijingfortenyears.A．hasgoneto B．hasbeento C．hascometo D．hasbeenin4．—WhowilltalkaboutthedevelopmentofAmericancountrymusicnextweek?—IsuggestBrad.He________inNashville,thehomeofcountrymusic,sincehewasachild.A．lives B．lived C．haslived D．willlive5．I________myhomework.Let’sgooutforawalk.A．finish B．finished C．willfinish D．havefinished6．Ihave________thenewsmartphonefortwomonths.A．got B．bought C．had7．—Whereisyouraunt?Ihaven’tseenherforafewdays.—She________ZiBotoenjoythelocalbarbecue(燒烤).Shewenttherelastweek.A．hasbeento B．hasgoneto C．hasbeenin D．hasgotto8．Therearemorethan900nationalwetlandparksinChina,andnowninetypercent________tothepublicforfree.A．wasopen B．a(chǎn)reopened C．hasopened D．havebeenopen9．—Howlong_______you_______yourhometown?

—Forfiveyears.A．have;left B．has;leftC．have;beenawayfrom D．has;beenawayfrom10．—WhereisLucy?—She________Wuhan.She’llbebacknextweek.A．hasgoneto B．hasbeento C．wentto D．isgoingto11．—Ourcomputerisworkingagain?—Yes,Jeremy________it.Ittookhimaboutanhour.A．hasfixed B．willfix C．isfixing D．wasfixing12．Ourgovernment_______alotofworksomostofthedayswecanhaveaclearbluesky.A．does B．did C．hasdone D．isdone13．Timeflies.Mr.Smith________Englishinourschoolforthreeyears.Weallenjoyhisclasses.A．teaches B．willteach C．hastaught D．wasteaching14．You_______forthefootballmatchforalongtime.Ibelieveyouwillwinit.A．prepare B．ispreparing C．haveprepared D．willprepare15．—Congratulations!You________bigprogressinthepastthreeyears.—Thankyou,Mr.Li.I’llneverforgetthegoodtimesinjuniorhighschool.A．make B．made C．havemade16．Manypeople____________ustheiroldbookssincewestartedourmini-library.A．give B．gave C．willgive D．havegiven17．Howtimeflies!Nearlythreeyearshaspassedsincewe________eachotherforthefirsttime.A．meet B．met C．havemet D．willmeet18．—GiantpandaYaYa________toChinasinceApril27th,2023.—That’sright.Manypeoplehopetoseeher.A．willreturn B．returns C．returned D．hasreturned19．Twoyearshaspassed________Ifinishedschoolandstartedworking.A．a(chǎn)fter B．before C．when D．since20．Mymother________inthenursinghomefortenyears.A．works B．worked C．willwork D．hasworked21．Thesummer______toourcity.Wedon’tneedoursweatersnow.A．came B．comes C．hascome D．willcome22．—Mum,I________.Icantakecareofmyself.—Ofcourse,youcan.Iwillalwaysloveandhelpyou.A．growup B．grewup C．a(chǎn)mgrowingup D．havegrownup23．Tom________inShanghaisincehecametoChinafiveyearsago.A．lives B．lived C．haslived D．willlive24．Johnnyisnotgoingtobuythisbookbecausehe________itbefore.A．hadread B．hasread C．read D．wasreading25．—Ihaven’tseenJackieforacoupleofdays.Why?—He________NewYorkforbusiness.Hewillcomebacknextweek.A．hasgoneto B．willgoto C．wasgoingto二、完形填空閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法性和上下文連貫的要求，從各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Jim,asuccessfulbusinessman,toldanexperienceofhischildhood.Whenhewas12,hisparentsdied.Hewasaloneanddidn’tgetonwellwith___26___.Nooneshowedkindnesstohim.Peoplealwayslaughed___27___him.HisonlyfriendwasadognamedBobby.Hegavehisdogenoughtoeatanddrink,___28___hewasalittlerudetoitsometimes.Onedaywhenhe___29___downthestreet,hesawayoungladywalkinginfrontofhim.Suddenlyoneofherbagsdroppedfromherarms.Asshestopped___30___itup,shedroppedotherbags.Jimcametohelpher.“Thankyou,dear!Youareanicelittleboy!”Theladysaidkindlyandpolitely,smiling.Aspecialfeelingcametohim.Hehad___31___heardsuchkindwordsbefore.Hewatchedheruntilshewentfaraway.Hewasso___32___thathewhistled(吹口哨)tohisdog.“Thankyou?dear!Youareanicelittleboy!”Herepeatedthewoman’swords.Thenin___33___lowvoicehesaidtohisdog,“Youareanicelittledog!”Bobbyraiseditsears.Itseemedthatthedoghadunderstood___34___hesaid,“Evenadoglikesit!”hethought.“Well,Bobby,I____35____unkindwordstoyouanymore.”hesaid.Bobbywaveditstails___36___.Later,theywentdirectlytotherivernearby.Whenhearrivedattheriverside,helookedat____37____intheriver.Hesaw____38____butadirtyboy.Hewashedhisfacecarefully.Afterthat,hesawanicecleanboy.Fromthenon,hestartedanewlife.After____39____thisstory,thebusinessmanstoppedforawhile.Thenhesaid,“Ladiesandgentlemen,itwasthatkindwoman____40____plantedthefirstseedofkindnessinme.Allofusshouldlearnaboutkindness.Whatgreatpowerithas!”26．A．other B．others C．a(chǎn)nother D．theother27．A．a(chǎn)t B．on C．in D．to28．A．so B．because C．though D．but29．A．isgoing B．goes C．wasgoing D．hasgone30．A．pick B．topick C．picking D．picked31．A．even B．never C．ever D．often32．A．excite B．exciting C．excited D．excitedly33．A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/34．A．when B．how C．where D．what35．A．haven’tsaid B．didn’tsay C．won’tsay D．don’tsay36．A．happy B．happily C．happier D．happiest37．A．he B．him C．his D．himself38．A．something B．a(chǎn)nything C．everything D．nothing39．A．telling B．totell C．told D．tell40．A．which B．whose C．who D．Whom三、閱讀理解ASchoollifeisn’talwayshappyandcolorful.Therearealso“dark”cornersthere.Bullying（霸凌）isoneofthem.Sophie,15,fromGuangxi,hadbeenbulliedinschoolforaround9years.Somemadefunofherclothesandherweight.Herroommatescalledherathief.Herclassmatesspreadrumors（謠言）aboutherandthennoonewantedtoplaywithher.Theseexperiencesmadeherquietandself-doubting.Butactuallyitwasnotherfault.In2018,Sophiewasdiagnosed（診斷）withAsperger’ssyndrome（阿斯伯格綜合征）.Thisconditiongivespeopledifficultiesinsocialcommunication.Childrenwiththisconditionaremorelikelytobeleftout.Luckily,Sophiefinallyfoundawaytohelpherselfandothersinhersituation.Shemadeherexperiencesintoarole-playingboardgame,TheChoiceofTransferStudents.Playerscanchoosetobeoneofthreecharacters—thebully,thebulliedoneortheonlooker（旁觀者）.Theywillexperiencemanybullyingsituationsandtheirdifferentactionsorwordswillleadtodifferentresults.Inthisway,playersseewhatbullyingcandotopeople.Hopefullytheycanchoosetodotherightthingwhenfacingsimilarsituations.Sophiehopedthatspeakingoutaboutherexperienceswouldhelpbulliedchildrentobeseenandheard.“Ihopetheyknowthatinthefaceofbullying,wehavetheabilitytofightback,”saidSophie.AccordingtoUNICEF（聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)）,overathirdofstudentsaged13to15worldwidehaveexperiencedbullying.Amongthem,thosewhoareleftoutaremerelikelytobebullied.Thisincludesstudentswithdisabilities.Tosolvethisproblem,weneedall-roundeducation.Ontheonehand,specialchildrenneedmoreattention.Ontheotherhand,parents,teachersandschoolsshouldallshouldertheresponsibilityofpreventingbullyinginschools.41．WecanknowfromParagraph2thatSophie’sschoollifewas________.A．colorful B．strange C．terrible42．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“beleftout”inParagraph3probablymeaninChinese?A．被拋棄 B．受歡迎 C．被冷落43．WhydidSophiecreatetheboardgame?A．Toshareherstorywithothers.B．Tohelpthosewhoarebullied.C．Topunishthosebulliesintheschool.44．ThewritermentionsthereportfromUNICEFtoshow________.A．whyshouldwepreventbullyinginschoolsB．bullyingisaseriousproblemallovertheworldC．bullyinghasabadinfluenceonchildren’slives45．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Teachersshouldberesponsibleforpreventingbullyingalone.B．Weshouldpaylessattentiontospecialchildren.C．Childrenwhoareleftoutmightbebullied.BBuck’sfirstdayinthefrozenNorthlandwasterrible.Everyhourtherewasfilledwithshockandfrighteningsurprise.Herewasneitherpeace,norrest,noramoment’ssafety—onlyendlessnoiseandmovement.Ateverymomentlifeitselfwasindanger,becausethesedogsandmenwerenottowndogsandmen.Theyknewonlythelawofclubandtooth.Buckhadneverseendogsfightlikethesedogs:theywerelikewolves.HelearntthisfromhisfriendCurly.Shetriedtomakefriendswithabigdog.Butwithoutwarning,thedogjumpedonCurly.Curly’sfacewastornopenfromeyetomouth.Andthefightdidnotfinishthen.Moredogsranupandmadeacirclearoundthefight,watchingsilently.Curlytriedtoattackthedogwhohadbittenher.Hebitherasecondtime,andjumpedaway.WhenCurlytriedtoattackagain,heknockedherbackwards.Andshefellontheground.Curlyneverstoodup,andthiswaswhattheotherdogswerewaitingfor.Inamoment,shewasunderacrowdofdogs.ThenFrancoisandothermenwithclubsjumpedinamongthedogs.Soonthedogswerechasedaway.ButCurlylaydeadinthesnow,herbodytornalmosttopieces.Curly’sdeathoftencamebacktoBuckinhisdreams.Heunderstoodthatonceadogwasdownontheground,hewasdead.ThatnightBuckdiscoveredaproblem.Wherewashegoingtosleep?HefoundFrancoiswasinthetent.Buckfollowedhimquietly.Butwhenhewentinandwantedtosleepinthecorner,Francoisshoutedangrilyandbeathimwithaclub.Buckranoutandwalkedaroundthetent,very,verycold,wonderingwhattodo.Suddenly,thesnowunderhisfeetfellin,andhefeltsomethingmove.Hejumpedback,waitingfortheattack,butheardonlyafriendlybark.There,inawarmholeunderthesnow,wasBillee.Soheknewwhathecoulddo._______.Hesleptwell,althoughhisdreamswerebad.Inthenorth,Buckwaslearningthelawofclubandtooth.Helearnttoeatanyfood—anythingthathecouldgethisteethinto.Helearnttobreaktheiceonwaterholeswithhisfeetwhenhewantedtodrink.Helearnttotravelthroughtheforestandkillformeatwithwilddogs.Hewasstronger,andcouldseeandsmellbetterthaneverbefore.Itwaseasyforhimtolearntofightlikeawolf,becauseitwasinhisblood.46．Buck’sfirstdayinthefrozenNorthland,whatwastherefilledwith?A．Peace. B．Rest.C．Safety. D．Shockandfrighteningsurprise.47．Curlylostherlifebecause_________A．shedidn’twanttofightwithahuskyB．shewasnotsolargeasahuskyC．shewaswarnednottoattackahuskyD．shedidn’tknowthatlifeitselfwasindangeratanytime48．Curly’sdeathmadeBuckrealize_________inthenorth.①howterriblethenewlifewas

②thesecretofwinningafriend③howdangerousthemenwere

④theimportanceoffightinglikewolvesA．①② B．②③ C．①④ D．③④49．Whichofthefollowingcanbeputin_________.A．BucksleptoutsidethetentsilentlyB．BucklayonthesnowandfinallyfellasleepC．BuckranintothetentsecretlyandrestedinthecornerD．Buckdughimselfaholeandsoonwaswarmandasleep50．What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A．Thewaytobewild. B．Acoldworldfordogs.C．Theterribledays. D．Acleverdog.四、短文填空閱讀下面的短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下面方框內(nèi)所給11個(gè)動(dòng)詞中選擇10個(gè)意義相符的詞，必要時(shí)進(jìn)行詞形變化(可添加助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)，填入空白處。help,hold,be,leave,solve,go,laugh,bring,happen,feel,playItwasaround3P.M.onSunday.Gina___51___basketballwithherbrotherBilloutsidewhenshesawacarstopinfrontofJenny’shouse.Jennyjumpedoutofthecar,andGinacouldhearalotofvoices___52___andsayinggoodbyetoJenny.Gina___53___terriblyuncomfortable,andhereyesstartedtowater.“Hey,what’swrong?”Billasked.“Nothing.Idon’twanttoplayanymore.”Ginastormedinsideandslammed(砰地關(guān)上)thedoor.She___54___straighttoherroom.GinaheardBilltalkingtohermominthelivingroom,butshedidn’twanttotalktoanyone.“Gina,areyouOK?”hermomasked“Whatareyoudoinginside,mydear?MayIcomein?”Ginaopenedthedoor.Hermomalwayshadsomegoodideas___55___her.“What’sgoingon,Gina?”Momasked.“Jennywentsomewherewithourfriends,butshedidn’tinviteme,”Ginasaid.“That’snotverynice.Afterall,we___56___friendsfornearly5years.”“Oh,honey,I’msorry.IwillbeprettyupsettooifIfeelleftout.MaybeJennyknewthatyouwouldn’tlikewhattheyweregoingtodo,”Momsuggested.“Whydon’tyoutalkwithJennyonMonday?”“Idon’twanttotalktoher.I___57___herout.”“Well...sometimesignoring(忽視)anotherpersonisagoodchoice,butIdon’tthinkthisistherighttimetodothat.YoumightloseJennyasafriendifyoumakesuchachoicewithouttalkingaboutitwithher,”repliedMom.“IstillwantJennytobemyfriend,buttalkingaboutitisuncomfortable.Ijustexpecthertoknowwhat’swrongandsayshe’ssorry.”“That___58___,butitmightnot.Ireallythinktalkingtoherabouthowyoufeelisthebestway.”“OK,Mom,Iwill.Thanks,”Ginasaid.Andguesswhat?Gina’smomwasright!Anewsnakeshow___59___thatday.JennyknewGinadidn’tlikesnakes,soshedidn’tinviteher.GinawasgladshehadtalkedtoJenny____60____theproblem.參考答案：1．B【詳解】句意：——她在上海住了多久了？——從去年年底開(kāi)始?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Sincetheendoflastyear.”可知，時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為have/hasdone；該句是特殊疑問(wèn)句，助動(dòng)詞要放在主語(yǔ)前。故選B。2．B【詳解】句意：——孩子們，關(guān)于H1N1，你們想知道些什么？——我想知道我們能做些什么來(lái)對(duì)抗它?？疾橘e語(yǔ)從句。動(dòng)詞wonder后接賓語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)用陳述句語(yǔ)序，排除D；when一般不與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，排除A；start是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不能與“一段時(shí)間”連用，排除C。故選B。3．D【詳解】句意：——為什么Lucy的中文這么好？——因?yàn)樗诒本┮呀?jīng)十年了?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。hasgoneto去了，還未回；hasbeento去過(guò)，已回；hascometo已經(jīng)到了；hasbeenin曾在，住在某地/待在某地一段時(shí)間。根據(jù)“Becauseshe...Beijingfortenyears.”可知，此處表示在北京待了十年。故選D。4．C【詳解】句意：——下周是誰(shuí)將會(huì)談?wù)撽P(guān)于美國(guó)鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)的發(fā)展？——我建議布拉德。他從小住在鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè)之都——納什維爾?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)“sincehewasachild.”可知，這里應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選C。5．D【詳解】句意：我已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)。我們出去散步吧?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“myhomework.Let’sgooutforawalk.”可知，“完成作業(yè)”的影響就是“可以出去散步”，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D。6．C【詳解】句意：我買新智能手機(jī)已經(jīng)倆個(gè)月了。考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)“fortwomonths.”可知是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?！癴ortwomonths.”是一段時(shí)間，需要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。buy對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞是have。現(xiàn)完動(dòng)詞要用過(guò)去分詞，所以是had。故選C。7．B【詳解】句意：——你的姑姑在哪里？我已經(jīng)好幾天沒(méi)見(jiàn)到她了?！チ俗筒┫硎墚?dāng)?shù)氐臒玖?。她上周去那里的?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。hasbeento去過(guò)；hasgoneto去了（人未回）；hasbeenin在……待一段時(shí)間；hasgotto必須。根據(jù)“Whereisyouraunt?Ihaven’tseenherforafewdays.”可知，她去淄博還沒(méi)有回來(lái)，用hasgoneto。故選B。8．D【詳解】句意：中國(guó)有900多個(gè)國(guó)家濕地公園，目前90%已免費(fèi)向公眾開(kāi)放。考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。beopen“開(kāi)放的”，beopened“被打開(kāi)”，根據(jù)“...tothepublicforfree.”可知，“開(kāi)放的”符合題意，所以B選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；根據(jù)“now”可知，時(shí)態(tài)是與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的時(shí)態(tài)，所以A選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；主語(yǔ)“ninetypercent”指的是“90%的公園”，是復(fù)數(shù)，所以C選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。該句中“now”指目前，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，即have/has+過(guò)去分詞，主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，“開(kāi)放”beopen，填havebeenopen。故選D。9．C【詳解】句意：——你離開(kāi)家鄉(xiāng)多久了？——五年?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。left離開(kāi)，leave的過(guò)去式；beenawayfrom離開(kāi)。根據(jù)“Howlong...you...yourhometown?”及選項(xiàng)可知，此處考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，結(jié)構(gòu)為have/hasdone；主語(yǔ)為“you”，助動(dòng)詞用have，排除BD選項(xiàng)；再由“Forfiveyears.”可知，此處要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；leave是一個(gè)非延續(xù)動(dòng)詞，其延續(xù)性結(jié)構(gòu)為beawayfrom，排除A選項(xiàng)。故選C。10．A【詳解】句意：——露西在哪里？——她去武漢了。她下周會(huì)回來(lái)?？疾榫渥訒r(shí)態(tài)。hasgoneto去了某地還未回來(lái)；hasbeento去過(guò)某地已經(jīng)回來(lái)；wentto去，過(guò)去式；isgoingto將要去某地。根據(jù)“She’llbebacknextweek.”可知，露西還沒(méi)有回來(lái)，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，she為第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用has。故選A。11．A【詳解】句意：——我們的電腦又能工作了嗎？——是的，杰里米修好了。他花了大約一個(gè)小時(shí)?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Ourcomputerisworkingagain?”和“Ittookhimaboutanhour.”可知到說(shuō)話時(shí)電腦問(wèn)題已經(jīng)解決了，句子時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其構(gòu)成是have/has+過(guò)去分詞。故選A。12．C【詳解】句意：我們的政府做了很多工作，所以大多數(shù)時(shí)候我們都能有一個(gè)純凈的藍(lán)天?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)辨析。根據(jù)句意，可知“大多數(shù)時(shí)候我們都能有一個(gè)純凈的藍(lán)天”，是因?yàn)椤拔覀兊恼隽撕芏喙ぷ鳌?，符合“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”的使用情境，即“過(guò)去發(fā)生的事對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響”，故選C。13．C【詳解】句意：時(shí)光飛逝。史密斯先生在我們學(xué)校教英語(yǔ)已經(jīng)三年了。我們都喜歡他的課。考查現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。由“forthreeyears”可知，這里用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)是：助動(dòng)詞have/has+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。故選C。14．C【詳解】句意：你為這場(chǎng)足球比賽準(zhǔn)備了很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。我相信你會(huì)贏的?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“foralongtime”可知，該句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（havedone），強(qiáng)調(diào)從過(guò)去準(zhǔn)備到現(xiàn)在，故選C。15．C【詳解】句意：——恭喜你！在過(guò)去的三年里，你取得了很大的進(jìn)步。——謝謝您，李老師。我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記初中的美好時(shí)光?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“inthepastthreeyears”可知，本句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(have/hasdone)。故選C。16．D【詳解】句意：自從我們開(kāi)辦了迷你圖書館以來(lái)，許多人都把他們的舊書送給了我們。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“sincewestartedourmini-library”可知，句子要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，即havegiven，故選D。17．B【詳解】句意：時(shí)間過(guò)得真快！從我們第一次見(jiàn)面到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)快三年了?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Nearlythreeyearshaspassedsincewe...eachotherforthefirsttime.”可知，該句是since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，主句時(shí)態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選B。18．D【詳解】句意：——自2023年4月27日以后，大熊貓丫丫已經(jīng)返回中國(guó)。——沒(méi)錯(cuò)。許多人希望見(jiàn)到她?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。willreturn一般將來(lái)時(shí)；returns動(dòng)詞的“三單”形式；returned動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞；hasreturned現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)“sinceApril27th,2023”可知，“since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)”表示“自……以后”，通常與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)連用，謂語(yǔ)用“has+過(guò)去分詞”，returned為動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞。故選D。19．D【詳解】句意：從我畢業(yè)開(kāi)始工作到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)兩年了。考查連詞辨析。after在……之后；before在……之前；when當(dāng)……時(shí)；since自從。根據(jù)“Twoyearshavepassed...Ifinishedschoolandstartedworking.”可知，此處是“現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)+since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)”結(jié)構(gòu)，故選D。20．D【詳解】句意：我媽媽已經(jīng)在護(hù)士之家工作了十年了?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)“fortenyears”可知，此題考查的是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，指的是，我媽媽從過(guò)去到現(xiàn)在在護(hù)士之家持續(xù)工作了十年。故選D。21．C【詳解】句意：夏天來(lái)到了我們的城市。我們現(xiàn)在不需要毛衣了?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Wedon’tneedoursweatersnow.”可知，我們現(xiàn)在不需要毛衣了，所以夏天已經(jīng)到了，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。故選C。22．D【詳解】句意：——媽媽，我已經(jīng)長(zhǎng)大了。我可以照顧我自己?！?dāng)然，你可以。我將總是愛(ài)你和幫助你。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Mum,I...Icantakecareofmyself.”可知，空格處要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示影響（動(dòng)作已完成）?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的句子結(jié)構(gòu)是“have+done”，故選D。23．C【詳解】句意：湯姆自從五年前來(lái)到中國(guó)就一直住在上海?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示“自從……以來(lái)”，從句常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，空格所在句是主句，謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)為have/hasdone。故選C。24．B【詳解】句意：約翰尼不打算買這本書，因?yàn)樗郧白x過(guò)。考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Johnnyisnotgoingtobuythisbookbecausehe...itbefore.”可知，不買這本書的原因是之前讀過(guò)，表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，故選B。25．A【詳解】句意：——我好幾天沒(méi)見(jiàn)到Jackie了。為什么呢？——他到紐約出差去了。他下周會(huì)回來(lái)?？疾楝F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。根據(jù)“Hewillcomebacknextweek.”可知，他到紐約出差去了，還沒(méi)回來(lái)，句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用have/hasgoneto來(lái)表示。故選A。26．B27．A28．D29．C30．B31．B32．C33．A34．D35．C36．B37．D38．D39．A40．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了吉姆小時(shí)候因?yàn)閹椭晃慌渴捌鸢玫奖頁(yè)P(yáng)很開(kāi)心，從此改變了他的生活。說(shuō)明了善良的重要性。26．句意：他孤身一人，與別人相處不好other其他的；others其他的人或事物；another另一個(gè)；theother兩者中的另一個(gè)。根據(jù)“Nooneshowedkindnesstohim.”可知沒(méi)有人對(duì)他表現(xiàn)出善意。此處指和其他人相處不好。故選B。27．句意：人們總是嘲笑他。at在；on在上面；in在里面；to朝。短語(yǔ)laughat表示“嘲笑”。故選A。28．句意：他給他的狗足夠的食物和飲料，但是他有時(shí)對(duì)它有點(diǎn)粗魯。so所以；because因?yàn)?；though雖然；but但是。根據(jù)“Hegavehisdogenoughtoeatanddrink,...hewasalittlerudetoitsometimes.”可知句子前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用but表示。故選D。29．句意：有一天，當(dāng)他走在街上時(shí)，他看到一位年輕女士走在他前面。isgoing去；goes去，三單式；wasgoing去；hasgone已經(jīng)去了。句子是when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，語(yǔ)境時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去時(shí)，go是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。故選C。30．句意：當(dāng)她停下來(lái)?yè)炱鹚鼤r(shí)，她掉落了其他袋子。pick撿起；topick撿起，不定式；picking撿起，動(dòng)名詞；picked撿起，過(guò)去式。短語(yǔ)stoptodosth表示“停下來(lái)去做某事”，女士的袋子掉了，要停下來(lái)去揀起，應(yīng)用不定式形式。故選B。31．句意：他以前從未聽(tīng)過(guò)這樣的好話。even甚至；never從不；ever曾經(jīng)；often經(jīng)常。根據(jù)“Nooneshowedkindnesstohim.”可知沒(méi)有人對(duì)他表現(xiàn)出善意。因此是從沒(méi)聽(tīng)過(guò)。故選B。32．句意：他非常興奮，以至于他向他的狗吹口哨。excite使興奮；exciting興奮的；excited興奮的；excitedly興奮地。短語(yǔ)so+adj+that+句子表示“如此……，以至于……”，主語(yǔ)是he，應(yīng)用-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞。故選C。33．句意：然后他低聲對(duì)他的狗說(shuō).a用于輔音音素前；an用于元音音素前；the表示特指；/不填。voice是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，應(yīng)用不定冠詞表示泛指，low是輔音音素開(kāi)頭，應(yīng)用a。故選A。34．句意：狗似乎聽(tīng)懂了他說(shuō)的話。when當(dāng)；how怎樣；where在哪里；what什么。understood后接賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中said缺乏賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用what引導(dǎo)。故選D。35．句意：我不會(huì)再對(duì)你說(shuō)不客氣的話了。haven’tsaid還沒(méi)說(shuō)；didn’tsay沒(méi)有說(shuō)；won’tsay不會(huì)說(shuō)；don’tsay沒(méi)有說(shuō)。短語(yǔ)notanymore表示“不再”，句子是直接引語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示。故選C。36．句意：鮑比開(kāi)心地?fù)]舞著尾巴。happy高興的；happily高興地；happier更開(kāi)心的；happiest最開(kāi)心的。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞waved。故選B。37．句意：當(dāng)他到達(dá)河邊時(shí)，他看著河里的自己。he他；him他，賓格；his他的；himself他自己。句子主語(yǔ)是he，at后的賓格與主語(yǔ)指代同一個(gè)對(duì)象，應(yīng)用反身代詞。故選D。38．句意：他只看到一個(gè)骯臟的男孩。something某事；anything任何事情；everything一切事情；nothing沒(méi)什么。根據(jù)“butadirtyboy”可知除了一個(gè)臟臟的男孩，因此其他的都沒(méi)有看到。故選D。39．句意：講完這個(gè)故事，商人停了一會(huì)兒。telling告訴，動(dòng)名詞；totell告訴，不定式；told告訴，過(guò)去式；tell告訴，原形。after后接動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)名詞形式。故選A。40．句意：女士們，先生們，正是那個(gè)善良的女人在我心中播下了第一粒善良的種子。which哪一個(gè)；whose誰(shuí)的；who誰(shuí)；whom誰(shuí)。句子是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型itwas...that/who...，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分kindwoman是人物，應(yīng)用who。故選C。41．C42．C43．B44．B45．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文，文章主要講述了索菲在上學(xué)期間曾長(zhǎng)期遭受校園霸凌。幸運(yùn)的是，她最后走出陰影，并把自身的經(jīng)歷做成了一個(gè)游戲，希望以此來(lái)引起人們對(duì)校園霸凌問(wèn)題的關(guān)注。41．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Sophie,15,fromGuangxi,hadbeenbulliedinschoolforaround9years.Somemadefunofherclothesandherweight.Herroommatescalledherathief.Herclassmatesspreadrumors（謠言）aboutherandthennoonewantedtoplaywithher.”可推斷索菲的校園生活是很糟糕的。故選C。42．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Thisconditiongivespeopledifficultiesinsocia