北京市昌平區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題2

昌平區(qū)2023—2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期高二年級(jí)期末質(zhì)量抽測(cè)英語(yǔ)試卷本試卷共11頁(yè)，共100分?？荚嚂r(shí)長(zhǎng)90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案答在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，30分)第一節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Bobwasabitofacouchpotato,buthehadagreatsenseofhumorandlovedtomakehisfamilyandfriendslaugh.Oneday,Bob___1___hewasn’tgettinganyyoungersohedecidedtojoinahealthclubtogetinshapeand___2___hisfamilyandfriends.Bobarrivedatthehealthclubwithabigsmileonhisface,readytoshoweveryonewhathewasmadeof.He___3___foramembership,andthenheadedtotheweightroom.Bobwalkedovertotheweightbenchandattemptedtoliftthebar.Tohissurprise,hecouldn’tevenliftit!Itwasso___4___thatitdidn’tbudgeaninch.Feeling___5___,Boblookedaroundtoseeifanyonewaswatchinghim.___6___,hisfamilyandfriendshadalldecidedtoetothehealthclubthatdaytocheerhimon.Bob’swife,children,andfriendswereallgatheredaroundtheweightbench,watchinghim___7___toliftthebar.Hiswifesmiledandsaid,“Ithoughtyousaidyouwereinshape!”Boblookedatherandreplied,“IAMinshape!Roundisashape,right?”Everyoneburstoutlaughing,andBob’sembarrassmentquicklyturnedintoa___8___.Hecontinuedtoworkoutatthehealthclub,buthenevertookhimselftooseriously.Heknewthemostimportantthingwastohavefunandenjoytheprocessofgettinghealthier.Intheend,Bobdidgetinshape,andhisfamilyandfriendswereproudofhim,buttheywereevenprouderofhisabilitytomakethem___9___andbringjoyintotheirlives,evenduringhismost___10___moments.1.A.admitted B.realized. C.imagined D.predicted2.A.ignore B.fort C.annoy D.impress3.A.madeup B.lookedup C.signedup D.stayedup4.A.heavy B.smooth C.huge D.cold5.A.astonished B.embarrassed C.depressed D.confused6.A.Finally B.Suddenly C.Unfortunately D.Usually7.A.struggle B.pretend C.offer D.hesitate8.A.trap B.burden C.magic D.joke9.A.forget B.argue C.laugh D.panic10.A.pleasant B.awkward C.urgent D.lucky第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，共15分)A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。MoststudentsdoanIQtestearlyintheirschoollife.Eveniftheyneverseetheirresults,theyfeelthattheirIQis___11___determineshowwelltheyaregoingtodoinlife.Whentheyseeotherstudentsdoingbetterthanthem,theyusuallybelievethatthosestudentshavea___12___(high)IQandthatthereisnothingtheycandotochangetheirsituation.However,newresearchintoEQsuggeststhatsuccessisnot___13___(simple)theresultofahighIQ.B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。___14___(face)withtheproblemsofenvironmentpollutionandoverdevelopment,peoplehavesetupsomenationalparks___15___(protect)bothnaturalfeaturesandwildlife.AgoodexampleofthisistheSanjiangyuanNationalParkinthesouthofQinghaiProvince.Itishometomanyspeciesofplants,alongwithrareanimals.Inmostareasofthereserve,anypermitteddevelopment___16___(monitor)closely.C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Manypeoplewhogrowupinsmalltownsfindthemselvescountingthe___17___(day)untiltheygettoescapetheirrootsandplantnewonesinbigger,“better”places.Andthat’sfine.Buttheysayit’simportanttorememberwhereyouefrom.When___18___(think)aboutthat,Ican’thelphavinganoverwhelmingfeelingofgratitudeformyroot.Uptonow,beingfromasmalltown___19___(teach)mesomanyimportantlessons,___20___Iwillcarrywithmefortherestofmylife.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)第一節(jié)(共14小題;每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AUnitedNationsInternationalChildren’sEmergencyFund(UNICEF)worksintheworld’stoughestplacestoreachthemostdisadvantagedchildrenandteenagers.Acrossmorethan190countries,wedowhateverittakestohelpchildrensurviveandgrow.StartyourcareerwithUNICEFInternship(實(shí)習(xí))Programmeandbeeachampionforeverychild!WhatweofferOurInternshipProgrammeoffersstudentsandrecentgraduatestheopportunitytogaindirectworkexperience.●Time:Internshipscanbefulltimeorparttime,lastingbetweensixmonthstooneyear.●Salary:YouwillgetpaidmonthlybyUNICEFonceyourinternshipstarts.●Feeswecover:Onewayticketandvisacosts.RequirementsYourprofilecouldbeagoodfitifitmeetsthefollowingrequirements:●Beingacollegestudentnow,orhavinggraduatedfromcollegewithinthepasttwoyears.●BeingfluentinoneofUNICEF’sworkinglanguages:English,FrenchorChinese.●Strongmunicationskills.●Abilitytoworkcollaborativelyinamulticulturalenvironment.●Outstandingacademicperformance.●Flexibilitytoadapttonewenvironmentsandworkunderpressure.●Previousvolunteerorworkexperienceinarelatedfieldisanadvantagebutnotrequired.●Noimmediaterelatives(eg.parents,sister,brother)workingwithUNICEF.HowtoapplyYoucanfindopportunitiesonourcareerpage.Onceyoufindapositionofinterestclickonthebutton“ApplyNow”andproceedonthewebsite.21.WhatcanUNICEFprovideifoneisselected?A.Areturnticket. B.Visadocuments.C.Alanguagecourse. D.Monthlypaidsalary.22.Accordingtothepassage,applicantsarerequiredto________.A.haverelatedworkexperience B.ownmulticulturalbackgroundsC.speakEnglishandFrenchfluently D.adjusttonewenvironmentsflexibly23.Inwhichsectionofawebsitemightyoufindthispassage?A.Jobhunting. B.Problemsolving.C.Skillbuilding. D.Decisionmaking.BJamesGaileyhasalreadyretired.At80yearsold,hewasenjoyingtimeintheNorthTexasmunityofCallisburg.It’sasmalltown,withapopulationofabout300people.Thelocalschooldistricthastwocampuses,andsupportsover1,100studentsintheruralarea.AlthoughGaileyhadnointentionofreturningtotheworkforce,hehadnochoicewhenhismonthlyrentwasraisedby$400.Sincehecouldn’taffordthatcost,“Mr.James,”asthestudentscallhim,wentbacktothelocalschoolandrestartedworkingasaschooljanitor.Threestudentsdecidedthattheycoulddosomethingaboutthissituation.GreysonThurman,BannerTidwell,andMartiYuskocreatedaGoFundMewebpageandsharedhisstoryonTikTok.“No80yearoldshouldhavetoworkbecausetheyhaveto,”saidTidwell,“Itshouldbebecausetheywanttodoit.Itbotheredusthathehadtohaveaplacetoworktokeephishouse.”Whenthestudentsstartedthecampaign,theirgoalwastogetMr.Jamessomeextramoneytohelpwithhisrentissues.Thepagewasdisabledonlytwoweekslater,raisinganimpressive$270,000.“It’samazing,”saidJasonHooper,theprincipalofCallisburgHighSchool.“Theneedwasmetbecauseofthreekindkids—ofallourstudentswhoofferedhelp.”ManyofthedonationstotheGoFundMepagearefromstudentsandstaffatCallisburg,withmostofthemonly$5or$10each.“Itiscrazytoseesomethinglikethat.Weknewpeoplewouldhavewantedtohelp,”saidYusko,“Wedidn’tknowitwouldblowup.”Atthetimeofresearchingandwritingthisstory,Mr.Jamessaidthathewasreadytoreturntoretirement.“It’swhatwe’reabout,”Hoopersaid,“We’reasmalltown.We’refamily.Wedon’talwaysagree,butweloveandhelpourown.”24.JamesGaileyreturnedtoworkmainlybecauseof________.A.hisdifficultyinpayinghisrent B.hisboredomoftheretiringlifeC.hisdesiretocontinuehiscareer D.hisambitiontoimprovehimself25.WhatdidthethreekidsdoforJamesGailey?A.Findinghimajobatcampus B.Givinghimsupportforwork.C.Raisingmoneyonthewebsite. D.Turningtotheschoolprinciple.26.HowdidYuskofeelafterthecampaign?A.Doubtful. B.Astonished. C.Regretful. D.Confused.27.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.It’snevertoolatetolearn. B.Agoodturndeservesanother.C.Chancefavorsthepreparedmind. D.Asmallactcanmakeadifference.CKimfoundtheprospectoflearninganewlanguagediscouraging,especiallyasanadult.Shesawspendingdozensorhoursayearonlessonswithonlyslowprogressonanewskillasoutofreach.ThiswasundoubtedlynowKimfeltaboutherdecades’longambitiontolearnSpanish.Thatallchanged,however,whenapopularlanguagelearningapppresentedamoreattractiveapproach:pleteonelesson—justsixorsevenminuteslong—everydayinordertoeventuallybeebilingual(雙語(yǔ)的).Thisaddsuptoabout40hoursofstudyeachyear,butitispresentedasabitesizedailygoal.Actually,thiscanbeappliedtoalmostanyambitioustarget.Buthoweffectiveisit?Forourstudy,wepartneredwithCTL,anonprofitorganizationthatprovidesfreecrisisconsultation.AllCTLvolunteersareaskedtoplete200hoursofcrisisconsultationwithinayear.Wewerecuriousifbreakingdownthisgoalcouldmakeitmoreapproachableandincreaseactualworkinghours.Werandomlyassignedmorethan9,000CTLvolunteerstoreceiveemailsforthreemonths.Onegroupwasencouragedtohitthe200hourmarkwithnoactualgoalbreakdown.Twoothergroups,however,weregivenclearsubgoals:weencouragedonetovolunteerforfourhourseveryweekandtheothertovolunteerforeighthourseverytwoweeks.Thenwetrackedhowmuchtimeeachgroupspentvolunteeringduringourstudy.Bothgroupswhowereencouragedtofocusonasmallersubgoalvolunteered7to8percentmorethantheirpeerswhoweremerelyencouragedtohittheirbiggoal.Wealsofoundsuggestiveevidencethatthemoreflexible“eighthourseverytwoweeks”framingledtomorelastingbenefitsovertime.Althoughvolunteeringdeclinedeachweekduringthestudyacrossallparticipants,thisdeclinewasslowerinthe“eighthourseverytwoweeks”condition.Itsuggeststhatmakingmodestgoalsflexiblemightencouragelongtermperseverance.Ifso,afteroneyear,beingbilingualisatlastwithinreachforKim.28.TheauthormentionsKiminthefirstparagraphmainlyto________.Amakeaprediction B.introduceatopicC.presentanassumption D.evaluateanargument29.WhydidtheauthorandhisteamcooperatewithCLT?A.Tocalculatetheprofitsoftheorganization.B.Toincreasetheactualhoursofvoluntarywork.C.Toevaluatetheeffectivenessofagoalsettingstrategy.D.Toimprovetheworkingskillsofvolunteersinconsultation.30.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Analysisofthestudy. B.Processofthestudy.C.Findingsofthestudy. D.Significanceofthestudy.31.Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellus?A.Makingafixedgoalhelpslongerperseverance.B.Settingabiggergoaldrivespeopletoachievemore.CStickingtoanambitiousgoalcontributestosuccess.D.Breakingdownabiggergoalleadstobetterresults.DOurplanethasjustseenitshottestmonthonrecord,withmanyplacesonfireorflooded.Thelikelihoodofextremeweatherkeepsincreasing—andpeoplearenoticing.However,noteveryonenoticesorfeelsthisthreattothesameextent.Basedonarepresentativesampleof1,071surveyrespondentsfromacrosstheUK,wefoundthatpeopleinruralareasshowedhigherdegreesofplaceattachmentthanpeoplelivingincities,asweexpected.However,weweresurprisedtoseethattheperceivedthreatofclimatechangein:mostrurallocationswaslower.Wehadnotexpectedthatoute,sowestartedtodigalittledeeperforpossiblereasons.Ruralpeoplemaybemoreresilienttochange.Ruralpeoplemayexperienceclimatechangelikeeveryoneelse,buttheymayhavebetterwaysofcopingwithitthancityresidentsbecauseoftheircloserrelationshipwithnature.Thismayhavetaughtthemtobemoreflexibleinhowtheydealwithchange.Afterall,naturechangesalotandthatcouldmakethemlessworriedaboutthemajorchangeshappeningaroundthem.Peopleinruralareasmaynotbeasawareofclimatechangeaspeopleincities.Lookingmoreclosely,theeffectismostlydowntoeducationratherthanwhetherpeopleliveinruralareasornot.ResearchshowsthatgenerallevelsofclimateawarenessintheUKarequitehigh.Butthisdoesnotnecessarilycorrespondtoreadinessforactionorbehaviouralchange.Itiswelldocumented,though,thatruralinhabitantstendtohavemoreconservativeviews,whichcouldaffectthewayclimatechangeisinterpreted.Conservativeviewsareoftenassociatedwithlessconcernabouttheclimate.Peopleinruralareasmaynotexperienceclimatechangeinthesamewavaspeopleincities.Thisisbecauseruralareashavehigherlevelsofgreenspacethanurbanareas.Forexample,youwillfeeltheheatlesswhenyouaresurroundedbytrees.So,althoughweweresurprisedthatthehigherdegreeofplaceattachmentinpeoplelivingrurallydidnotnecessarilyleadtoahigherperceptionofclimatechangethreat,wecanseetherearegoodreasonsforthat.32.Whatdoestheword“resilient”underlinedinParagraph3mostprobablymean?A.Easytoadapt. B.Readytoillustrate.C.Difficulttonotice. D.Willingtochallenge.33Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Conservativeviewsinruralareaslowertheperceptionofclimatechange.B.Strongruralplaceattachmentresultsinhigherclimatechangeawareness.C.Welleducatedpeoplearemorelikelytotakeactionsforclimatechange.D.Ruralpeoplepaymoreattentiontoclimatechangethancityresidents.34.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Whoaretoblameforclimatechange?B.Howdopeopleperceiveclimatechange?C.Whyisclimatechangeperceiveddifferently?D.Whatcanpeopledotocopewithclimatechange?第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分，共10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Aswecarefullyselectouroutfitseachday,wemaynotalwaysrealizetheinfluenceourclothingchoiceshaveonourmood,behavior,andevenhowothersunderstandus.___35___Studieshaveshownthatdressingwellcansignificantlyaffecthowwefeelaboutourselvesandourabilities.Whenwewearoutfitsthatmakeusfeelconfidentandfortable,wearemorelikelytomakeapositiveimpressiononothers.Ourclothingchoicesarelikeapersonalcanvas(畫布).___36___Whetherit’savintageinspireddressoraboldgraphictee,ourclothesbeeareflectionofwhoweare.Fashionisapowerfultoolthathelpsusmunicatewiththeworldandformconnectionswithlikemindedindividuals.Haveyouevernoticedhowwearingaparticularoutfitcanchangeyourmood?___37___Forinstance,brightcolorsandcheerfulpatternscanupliftourspiritsandbringasenseofhappiness.___38___Thelinkbetweencolorsandemotionsplaysavitalroleinshapingouroutlookontheday.Clotheswewearcanalsoinfluenceourbehaviorandcognitiveprocesses.Forexample,wearingformalbusinesssuitmightsignalthebrainthatit’stimetofocusandbeproductive,whilemorerelaxedclothingmightencourageamorecasualapproach.___39___So,thenexttimeyoudressup,rememberthehugeinfluenceyouroutfitcanhave,andembracetheopportunitytoexpressyourselfthroughtheartoffashion.A.Clothingcangiverisetovariousemotionalresponses.B.Correctclothesconveysthatyouareinterestedinthejob.C.Ontheotherhand,wearingdarkermightcreateafeelingofseriousness.D.Thus,therightoutfitcangiveusconfidenceneededtoconquerthedayahead.E.Itallowsustoexpressourbeliefs,interests,andemotionswithoutsayingasingleword.F.Choosingtherightforspecificoccasionscan,therefore,enhanceourperformanceandefficiency.G.Thephrase“dressforsuccess”holdstruewhenitestotheimpactofclothesonselfconfidence.第三部分書面表達(dá)(共兩節(jié)，32分)第一節(jié)(共4小題;第40、41題各2分，第42題3分，第43題5分，共12分)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求用英文回答問題。ThelegendaryhorrorauthorH.P.Lovecraftwrotethat“theoldestandstrongestemotionofmankindisfear,andtheoldestandstrongestkindoffearisfearoftheunknown.”Uncertaintycausespeopletoseethreatseverywheretheylookandatthesametimeitmakesthemlikelytoreactemotionally.Evenminorperiodsofunpredictabilitycancausesignificantnegativeeffects.Researchontrafficjam,forexample,hasfoundthatthelackofcontroldriversfeelsendsstressandangerlevelsthroughtheroof.Uncertainbus,train,andplanedelaysarealsomajorsourcesofuncertaintytriggereddistress.Onestudyfoundthatgivingpeopleuptotheminutewaittimeswasaneffectivewaytolimitanxietyandfrustration.Evenifthewaitforabusturnedouttobelong,removingtheelementofuncertaintymademutersfeelbetter.Differentpeoplerespondtouncertaintyindifferentways.Unfortunately,manyareunhelpfulcopingstrategies.Peoplewhostrugglewithuncertaintyoftenrespondtoitbyworrying.