山東省濟寧市兗州區(qū)2025屆高三英語下學期第一次網(wǎng)絡(luò)模擬考試試題含解析

PAGE23-山東省濟寧市兗州區(qū)2025屆高三英語下學期第一次網(wǎng)絡(luò)模擬考試試題（含解析）留意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。回答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ATheInternationalVoluntaryServicerunsanumberofYouthExchangesthroughouttheyear.YouthExchangesgivesmallgroupsof4-5youngpeopletheopportunitytotakepartinvolunteeringtripsabroadforanaverageoftwoweeks．Theseyoungpeoplearejoinedby4-5youngpeoplefrom3-4othernationalitiesandareawonderfulinterculturalexperienceinasafeenvironment.ExampleYouthExchanges：YouthExchange1Location：IrelandOthernationalities：Ireland，Spain，Italy，HungaryTheme：Focusesonthetopicofcommunityreconstructionandcommunityactivities—exploringhowlocalissuesfacingourcommunitiesareconnectedtoglobalissues．Thegroupwillalsolearnabouttheeco-villageasanexampleofacommunityandtakepartinteam-buildingactivities.YouthExchange2Location：FranceOthernationalities：Bulgaria，Italy，F(xiàn)ranceTheme：Organicgardening&continualliving．Thisprojectwilltakeplaceinanaturalpark，wherethegroupwilltakepartingardeningactivitiesandgames／workshopsaboutcontinuousdevelopment．YouthExchange3Location：MacedoniaOthernationalities：Serbia，Turkey，IrelandTheme：Fostersocialinclusionandmotivatepersonaldevelopmentofyoungpeoplethroughsportsandoutdooractivities．Promoteoutdooractivitiesasatooltohelpinclusionofyoungpeoplewithfeweropportunities．YouthExchange4Location：ItalyOthernationalities：Italy，Bulgaria，GreeceTheme：AsociaI-environmentalprojectthatintendstopromotesocialinclusionandcontinuabledevelopment，regardedasaprocessofcivilrightsandactivecitizenship.Over10days,thegroupwillparticipateinactivitiestoraiseawarenessabouttheeffectofourbehaviorontheenvironment．1.WhatdoyoufocusonwhentravellinginFrance?A.Gardeningwork.B.Civilrights.C.Developingsocialinclusion.D.Rebuildingcommunities.2.Ifyouareinterestedinprotectingtheenvironment，youcantakepartin________.A.YouthExchange1 B.YouthExchange2C.YouthExchange3 D.YouthExchange43.WhichnationalityareYouthExchangesmostpopularwith?A.Spain． B.Italy. C.Ireland. D.France.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了幾項青年溝通項目?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文中Theme：Organicgardening&continualliving.可知，法國旅游主要集中在園藝方面。故選A?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文中Theme：AsociaI-environmentalprojectthatintendstopromotesocialinclusionandcontinuabledevelopment，regardedasaprocessofcivilrightsandactivecitizenship.可知，YouthExercise4是關(guān)于環(huán)保的。故選D?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。文中四則消息中，三則都包括意大利，故推斷意大利最流行。故選B。BCoralreefs(珊瑚礁)arenotjustbeautifultolookat,butalsoveryuseful.Theyshelternearly25％ofoceanlifeandprovidefoodforbillionsofpeople.However,likemanyotherspecies,thisamazingecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))isindangerofdyingout!Therearetwomainreasonsforthedestruction—therisingcarbondioxidelevelscausedbyglobalwarmingaswellashumaninfluenceslikebottomoperation.Whilenotmuchcanbedoneabouttheformer,thelosscausedbythelattercanbereduced.Bottomoperationinvolvesdroppingnetstotheoceanbedandthendraggingthemupwhenfilledwithfish.Thisactiondamagedtheoceanfloor,causingthecoralbranchestoseparatefromthereefs.Whilethatisverydiscouraging,thegoodnewsisthatifthesebranchesarefoundquickly,theycanbesaved.Atpresent,thatworkisbeingperformedbyvolunteerdivers.Butthemethodhasonlylimitedsuccessbecausetheycannotstaylongunderwater,norreachdepthsofover200meterswheresomeofthedeep-seacoralgrows.However,thisisnotthecaseforCoralbots—therobotsthatcanconstantlyseekoutbrokenbranches.Ateamof“coralbots”,eachindividuallyworkingtosimpleruleswillpiecetogetherdamagedbitsofcoral,allowingthemtoregrow.Theyareprogrammedtobeabletodistinguishbetweenotherthingsandthecoral.Therobotsworktogetheringroups,similartobees.Ifonecoralbotisdamaged,thentheotherswillstillbeabletocompletethetask.DrLea-AnneHenrysaid:“Theprojectofusingcoralbotsoffersusthepossibilitytorestore(修復)thefunctionofreefs.Itisinthefinalstageoftesting.Onceready,theresearchershopetobuildhundredsofthemandusethemeffectivelyinthewatersoffScotlandandthenhopefullyintheoceansacrosstheworld.”4.Whichofthefollowingisacauseofthedangerthatcoralreefsarefacing?A.Theappearanceofnewcreatures.B.Theseriouslypollutedseawater.C.Theactivitiesofvolunteerdivers.D.Humanactivitieslikebottomoperation.5.Comparedwithvolunteerdivers,coralbots________.A.canstaylongerunderwaterB.mustworkasbeesdoC.candistinguishwhatiscoralD.canneverbedamaged6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Coralbots. B.Brokenbranches.C.Workingbees. D.Bitsofcoral.7.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat________.A.bottomoperationhasaffectedmostunderwatercreaturesB.brokenbranchesofcoralcanregrowifsavedintimeC.hundredsofthecoralbotshaveworkedwellintheoceansD.withthecoralbotsalldamagedcoralreefscanberestored【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.B【解析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了珊瑚礁所面臨的問題以及應(yīng)對的方法。珊瑚礁由于全球變暖以及人類的一些海底作業(yè)而面臨滅亡。對此，Coralbots卻是一個挽救珊瑚礁的好幫手，它可以長時間呆在水下以幫助受損的珊瑚礁重新生長?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的Therearetwomainreasonsforthedestruction—therisingcarbondioxidelevelscausedbyglobalwarmingaswellashumaninfluenceslikebottomoperation.可知，造成這種破壞的主要緣由有兩個：一是全球變暖導致的二氧化碳水平上升，二是海底作業(yè)等人類活動的影響。由此可知，人類海底作業(yè)是導致珊瑚礁面臨滅亡的一個主要緣由。故選D?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最終的Butthemethodhasonlylimitedsuccessbecausetheycannotstaylongunderwater,norreachdepthsofover200meterswheresomeofthedeep-seacoralgrows.(但這種方法的效果有限，因為他們不能在水下停留很長時間，也不能到達200多米深的海底，那里生長著一些深海珊瑚)以及第四段的However,thisisnotthecaseforCoralbots—therobotsthatcanconstantlyseekoutbrokenbranches.(然而，Coralbots并非如此，機器人可以不斷地找尋斷裂的樹枝)可知，志愿者不能長時間呆在水下，但是Coralbots可以長時間呆在水下。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)劃線詞后的andusethemeffectivelyinthewatersoffScotlandandthenhopefullyintheoceansacrosstheworld.可知，在蘇格蘭海疆有效地運用它們，希望在世界各地的海洋中也能如此。由此可知，劃線詞them指代的是上文提到的Coralbots，因為要用這樣東西來修復珊瑚礁。故選A?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段的Whilethatisverydiscouraging,thegoodnewsisthatifthesebranchesarefoundquickly,theycanbesaved.可知，珊瑚礁假如被損后再短時間內(nèi)修復還是可以的，選項B正確；選項A未涉及；依據(jù)最終一段的Itisinthefinalstageoftesting.可知，它處于測試的最終階段，選項C錯誤；而依據(jù)thenhopefullyintheoceansacrosstheworld可知，修復全部珊瑚礁只是有希望，而不是肯定會被修復，故選項D錯誤。故選B。CI’mastudentinmythirdyearatRobertGordonUniversity,butIalsowork35hoursaweekatSainsbury’stomakeendsmeet.Iconstantlyhavetoforcemyselftostayawake,andtobealert,whateverittakes.TheworkIdoatSainsbury’sisveryphysicallikestackingshelves.IamluckybecausetheamountIliftatworkisnothingcomparedwiththeweightIliftinthegym.IknowIhavethestrengthtobearit.IamoriginallyfromNigeria.IcameherewhenIwasseven.Moneywasalwaystight.MyparentsgavemeeverythingIneeded,buttherewasnomoneyforluxuries.Iworkedhardatschoolthoughand,withthehelpofprofessors,IgotthebestA-levelgradesinmyclass.Unfortunately,thoughIhadappliedfor“settled”BritishresidentialstatustheHomeOfficewaiteduntilIwasinsixthformtoapprovemyapplication.ThatmeantIwasnoteligibleforastudentloan.TheonlywayIcouldaffordtogotouniversitywasthatIgotajobthatwouldpayforallmylivingcostsandmyparentspaidformytuitionfees.Idon’thavemuchtimetosocializebecauseofmyjob.Ideally,IdliketohavemoretimetostudysoIcanexcelatmycourse.Yes,Ihavealotonmyplate,butworkinghardisntnewforme.Growingup,myparentscultivatedinmetheimportanceofworkinghardforwhatIwantinlife.MydreamistogetajobintheNHS.Butnow,ImjustfocusedontryingtogetthebestgradesIcan.WheneverIfindlifehard,Itellmyselfthisisaboutmyfuture.8.Whydoestheauthorworklonghoursandsometimesovertimeeveryweek?A.Topayforhisownlivingexpenses B.TopayforhistuitionfeesC.Toprovehisabilitytoearnmoney D.Tohelphisparentspayoffthedebts9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eligible”inParagraph4referto?A.Responsible. B.Anxious.C.Qualified. D.Accessible.10.WhichofthefollowingcanNOTbeusedtodescribetheauthor?A.Persistent. B.Diligent.C.Sociable. D.Ambitious.11.Whichproverbcanbestsummarizethepassage?A.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords. B.Godhelpthosewhohelpthemselves.C.Apennysavedisapennyearned. D.Wherethereislife,thereishope.【答案】8.A9.C10.C11.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者是RobertGordon高校三年級的一名學生，他每周要在Sainsbury工作35個小時來維持生計。【8題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段最終一句TheonlywayIcouldaffordtogotouniversitywasthatIgotajobthatwouldpayforallmylivingcostsandmyparentspaidformytuitionfees.(我上得起高校的唯一方法是找一份能支付我全部生活費用的工作，而我的父母支付我的學費)可知，作者每周要工作很長時間，有時還要加班是為了自己支付生活費用。故選A?！?題詳解】詞義揣測題。依據(jù)上文Unfortunately,thoughIhadappliedfor“settled”BritishresidentialstatustheHomeOfficewaiteduntilIwasinsixthformtoapprovemyapplication.(不幸的是，盡管我申請了“定居”英國的居住身份，但英國內(nèi)政部始終等到我上六年級時才批準了我的申請)可推想，作者不符合學生貸款的“資格”，故劃線部分單詞意思為“合格的，有資格的”。A.Responsible.負責的；B.Anxious.著急的；C.Qualified.有資格的；D.Accessible.易接近的。故選C?！?0題詳解】推斷推理題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段第一句Idon’thavemuchtimetosocializebecauseofmyjob.(因為我的工作，我沒有太多的時間去社交)可推想，作者并不是一個擅長社交的人。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，誕生于一個家庭經(jīng)濟狀況驚慌的作者為了上高校，每周堅持工作35個小時，并且始終保持著全班最好的成果，作者這種不懈努力的行為體現(xiàn)了“天助自助者”。故選B。DIhavetwokids,aboyandagirl.Idon’tworryaboutmygirl;I’msureshe’llbewelltrainedinmixedmartialarts.Iworryaboutmyson.I’mprettysurehe’sgoingtobefeminine(女性化的).Sorrytosaythat,butlet’sfaceit.Nodadwantshissontogofeminine.Attheratewe’removinginacoupleofyearsyouwon’tbeabletotellthedifferencebetweenboysandgirlsSoundextreme?Thinkaboutthis.Ineverymoviewhereadvancedtime-travelingbeingscometoourplanetthere’soneconstant:Youcan’ttellthemalealiensfromthefemalealiens!Butthat’sthefuture.Kidstodayaresoftandfat.Peopleaskwhy.Isitjunkfood?No.Junkfoodhasbeenaroundforfiftyyears.Isitvideogames?No.Videogameshavebeenaroundforthirtyyears.Noneofthekidsplayingthembackinthedaywereterriblyobese.We’reallscratchingourheadstryingtofigureoutwhatwe’veintroducedtosocietytoruinourkids.Butit’snotanythingwe’veaddedthathasruinedourkids.It’sstuffwe’vegottenridof.Takethegymropeforexample.Rememberthatthingthatstretchedfromthefloortotheceilinginyourgymclassthatyoucouldneverclimb?Mostofthekidscouldn’tmakeittothetop.Butthatwasn’tthepoint;thepointwasyouhadtotrywhilesomemiddle-agedguywhocouldn’tmakeitupaflightofstairsshoutedatyou.Weshouldhaveputoursononthatrope,andgivenhimaheadstart,butwedidn’twanttoshametheboy,sowetookitdown.Takingdowntheropewouldbeagoodideaiftherewerenoropesinlife.Butthey’reeverywhere.Youjustcan’tseethem.They’reineverygoalunrealizedandexpectationnotmet.Thepointeveryonemissedabouttheropeisyouweren’tsupposedtomakeittothetop.Itwastheretocreateafirethatburnedintheoversizedbellyofeverykid.12.Whatistheexampleofaliensusedtoshow?A.Girlsaregrowinglikeboys. B.Boysaregoingfeminine.C.Therearereallytime-travelingbeings. D.Alienmoviesarepopularwithchildren.13.Whatcauseskidstodaytobesoftandfat?A.Junkfood. B.Videogames.C.Stuffintroducedtosociety. D.Thingsremovedfromsociety.14.Howdoestheauthorfindteenagerstoday?A.Theyhavetoomuchdignity. B.Theyareoverprotected.C.Theyarelessindependent. D.Theyarethoughttoohighlyof.15.Whatdoestheropeprobablysymbolize?A.Goals. B.Expectations.C.Competition. D.Assistance.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.C【解析】本文是一篇爭論文。本文主要論述了現(xiàn)在的男孩越來越女性化，而他們變得女性化的緣由是父母親過多的愛護孩子，而沒有讓男孩子自己去承受一些他們應(yīng)當承受的東西。【12題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中Iworryaboutmyson.I’mprettysurehe’sgoingtobefeminine(女性化的).Sorrytosaythat,butlet’sfaceit.Nodadwantshissontogofeminine.(我擔憂我的兒子。我很確定他會很有女人味。很愧疚這么說，但是讓我們面對現(xiàn)實吧。沒有爸爸想讓他的兒子變得女性化)及其次段中的Ineverymoviewhereadvancedtime-travelingbeingscometoourplanetthere’soneconstant:Youcan’ttellthemalealiensfromthefemalealiens!(在每一部有先進的時間旅行生物來到我們星球的電影中，都有一個不變的事實:你分不清男性外星人和女性外星人！)可知，作者舉外星人的例子是進一步說明想告知我們現(xiàn)在男孩越來越女性化。故選B。【13題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句Butit’snotanythingwe’veaddedthathasruinedourkids.It’sstuffwe’vegottenridof.(但并不是我們添加的任何東西毀了我們的孩子。這些東西我們已經(jīng)處理掉了)可知，是因為我們拋棄了一些社會準則導致了今日的孩子又軟又胖、變得女性化了。故選D。【14題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中Weshouldhaveputoursononthatrope,andgivenhimaheadstart,butwedidn’twanttoshametheboy,sowetookitdown.(我們應(yīng)當把兒子放在那根繩子上，讓他領(lǐng)先一步，但我們不想讓孩子感到羞愧，所以我們把繩子取了下來)可知，作者認為今日的青少年被過多地愛護了。故選B?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文中最終兩段可知，這里的rope指的是競爭，父母為了不損害孩子，他們把標準降低了。故選C。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Everyonewantstoachievehappinessandsmile．___16___Howdowefindrealhappinessandsmile?Bygettingrich?Incaseyouarescratchingyourhead，lookingforsomereasonsorideastobehappy．Hereareafew．16.Throwanimpromptu(即興的)party．___2___Animpromptuoneincreasesthejoytoanewlevel．Andofcoursemakingotherpeoplehappyisboundtohavethesameeffectonyou．17.Treatyourself.Sometimesallittakestomakeonehappyisalittleindulgence(放縱)．So，goaheadandgrabacupofcoffeeandsitinsideablanketwithagoodbook!Youwillbesurprisedathowhappyitmakesyou．18.___3___.Happinesscanbetransformed!Whenwefeelhappyandexcited，itcanliftthespiritsofothers．Yoursimplegesturecantransformaperson’sdayandgethimorherpreparedtotakeonanychallenge．19.Haveaconversationwithaparent．Ifyouarelikemostkids，youpossiblyspendmoretimetextingorsurfingtheInternetthantalkingtoyourfamily．___4___Youwillbesurprisedatthefeelingofjoythatitbringstoyou．20.Finally，don’tforgettobehappyeveryday!WhileInternationalDayofHappinessmaycomeaboutonlyonceayear，happinessisaroundyoualldayandnight___5___A.Youjusthavetoseekitoutandgrabit．B.MostofyourfamilymembersshownointerestintextingortheInternet．C.Butlifeishard，soitisverydifficulttofindrealhappinessandsmile．D.Befriendlytoothersandsmileatastranger．E.Setasideyourmobilephoneforafewminutesandhaveachatwithafamilymember．F.YoushouldtrytocelebratetheDayofHappinesseverydayandeverywhere．G.Nothingmakespeoplehappierthanbeinginvitedtoaparty.【答案】16.C17.G18.D19.E20.A【解析】本文是說明文。每個人都想獲得歡樂和微笑，但是怎樣才能找到真正的歡樂和微笑呢？這篇文章將會給你一些建議。【16題詳解】考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實力。依據(jù)上文內(nèi)容可知每個人都想獲得歡樂和微笑，而下文意為“我們?nèi)绾尾拍苷业秸嬲臍g樂和微笑呢？”C項意為“但是生活艱難，很難找到真正的歡樂與微笑”，正好起到了承上啟下的作用。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實力。依據(jù)上文可知建議你舉辦一個即興的聚會，G項意為“沒有什么比被邀請參與聚會更讓人興奮”，與上句連接，故選G?！?8題詳解】考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實力。依據(jù)下文的Whenwefeelhappyandexcited，itcanliftthespiritsofothers.可知，當我們快樂和興奮時，也會使他人心情好。D項意為“對他人友好，對生疏人微笑”，能概括本段內(nèi)容，適合作為本段標題。故選D?！?9題詳解】考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實力。依據(jù)上文的Ifyouarelikemostkids，youpossiblyspendmoretimetextingorsurfingtheInternetthantalkingtoyourfamily．可知，作者提到了大部分孩子上網(wǎng)和玩手機時間比和家人談話要多，從而建議短暫放下手機，E項“把手機放在一邊和家人談一談”表達了此內(nèi)容。故選E?！?0題詳解】考查對上下文的理解和推理推斷實力。依據(jù)第一段的lookingforsomereasonsorideastobehappy可知，作者希望你能找到理由去快樂，上句“華蜜與你日夜相伴”，A項“找到華蜜并抓住華蜜”與上句連接。故選A。其次部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iwascomingbackfromhomelateatnightina“Sharing”minivan(廂式貨車).InHydera-bad,India,itisacheapandquickformof___21___.Thevandriverpickedupasmanyas13peopleattimesinavehiclewhichis___22___forthetransportof8.Soourvanwasvery___23___.Makingherwaytothe___24___ofthevan,aschoolgirlwithabag___25___thedrivertostop.Whilegettingdown,sheslippedandfell.Noneofus___26___it,asitwasdarkoutside.Thedriverwas___27___forhertopay.Itwasthenthatwesawthatthegirlwasonher___28___bythesideoftheroad.AnotherpassengerandIgotdown___29___andheldherup.Evenin_____30_____,sheheldupanoteandaskedustopaythedriver.Theother_____31_____passengertookthenoteandpaidthedriver.My_____32_____wasafewhundredmetersaway.Asagirl,IknewI’dgetoffandstaywithherinthe_____33_____.SoIpaidupthedriverfor_____34_____andhedroveawaywiththeotherpassengers.Ineither_____35_____hernordidIknowwhattodo.ButIwasthere,givingsomecomfortingwordstothegirlinpain.Ilookedforaplaceforhertosit.ThenIphonedherfriendandwaitedthere.Shewasrushedtoanearbycliniclater.21.A.1ife B.transport C.activity D.communication22.A.designed B.bought C.organized D.powered23.A.heavy B.noisy C.crowded D.awkward24.A.driver B.window C.door D.seat25A.guided B.suggested C.admitted D.signaled26.A.noticed B.managed C.recognized D.stood27.A.caring B.reaching C.waiting D.planning28.A.back B.knees C.feet D.own29.A.immediately B.doubtfully C.naturally D.anxiously30.A.silence B.surprise C.vain D.pain31.A.patient B.helpful C.generous D.secret32.A.home B.stop C.car D.school33.A.dark B.rain C.wind D.van34.A.himself B.herself C.myself D.itself35.A.ignored B.persuaded C.promised D.knew【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.C25.D26.A27.C28.B29.A30.D31.B32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講說了作者乘坐廂式貨車時看到一個小女孩下車時不當心摔倒，雖然自己還沒有到站，但是選擇下車陪伴這個女孩，并幫助她聯(lián)系摯友接她去診所?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在印度的海得拉巴，它是一種廉價而快捷的交通工具。A.1ife生活，生命；B.transport運輸，交通工具；C.activity活動；D.communication溝通。依據(jù)句意和語境，主語“it”應(yīng)是指前文提及的a“Sharing”minivan，因此可知，它在印度應(yīng)是交通工具之一。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這名廂式貨車司機有時在一輛專為8人設(shè)計的車上搭載多達13人。A.designed設(shè)計；B.bought購買；C.organized組織；D.powered為……供應(yīng)動力。分析可知，“whichis___2___forthetransportof8”應(yīng)是之前名詞avehicle的定語從句，結(jié)合語境可知，這種車本設(shè)計為載客量為8人卻載了13個人。故選A【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此我們的車很擁擠。A.heavy重的，大量的；B.noisy熱鬧的，有噪音的；C.crowded擁擠的；D.awkward令人尷尬的。依據(jù)前文“Thevandriverpickedupasmanyas13peopleattimesinavehiclewhichis___2___forthetransportof8.”提及原本載客量為8人的車載客13人，因此很擁擠。故選C項。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個提著包的女學生向車門口走去，示意司機停車。A.driver司機；B.window窗戶；C.door門；D.seat座位。依據(jù)后文“aschoolgirlwithabag___5__thedrivertostop.Whilegettingdown,sheslippedandfell.”可知，這個女孩要下車，要先走到車門處才可以。故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：一個提著包的女學生向車門口走去，示意司機停車。A.guided給……導游，給……指路；B.suggested建議，表明；C.admitted承認；D.signaled(打手勢或發(fā)聲音)向……示意，發(fā)信號。依據(jù)后文“Whilegettingdown”說明她要下車，示意司機停車。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們誰也沒有留意到，因為外面很黑。A.noticed留意；B.managed管理；C.recognized分辨；D.stood站立。依據(jù)后文“asitwasdarkoutside(因為外面很黑)”可知，由于外面比較黑，沒有人留意到這個小女孩下車時摔倒了。故選A項。27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：司機等著這個女孩付乘車費A.caring關(guān)切，在乎；B.reaching到達；C.waiting等待；D.planning支配。依據(jù)空后介詞for，所選動詞應(yīng)與for連用構(gòu)成固定結(jié)構(gòu)，waitforsb.todosth.“等待某人做某事”用在句中表達這個司機等著這個女孩付乘車費。故選C項?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在那時，我們看到那個女孩跪倒在路邊。A.back后背；B.knees膝蓋；C.feet腳；D.own自己的。依據(jù)前文“Whilegettingdown,sheslippedandfell.”提及她下車時踩空磕在地上了，且后文“heldherup(把她扶起來)”可知，她跪倒在地了。onone’sknees“跪在地上，倒下”。故選B項。【29題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我和另一名乘客馬上下車，把她扶了起來。A.immediately馬上；B.doubtfully懷疑地，模糊地；C.naturally自然地；D.anxiously擔憂地，憂慮地。依據(jù)后文“heldherup”可知，作者和另一名乘客應(yīng)是下車將她扶起，此處用A項immediately(馬上，馬上)可表達作者和這位乘客下車幫忙的心情。故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管很痛，她還是舉起一張紙幣，要我們付錢給司機。A.silence緘默；B.surprise驚喜，驚異；C.vain徒勞；D.pain難受。依據(jù)前文“Whilegettingdown,sheslippedandfell.”可知，她下車時踩空摔倒在地，對于女孩來說應(yīng)當很痛。故選D項?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：另一位熱心的乘客拿了紙條，付了錢給司機。A.patient耐性的；B.helpful有幫助的，情愿幫忙的；C.generous慷慨的；D.secret隱私的。依據(jù)前文“sheheldupanoteandaskedustopaythedriver.(她舉起一張紙幣，要我們付錢給司機)”可知，她在懇求幫忙，而另外一個幫助了她將錢遞給司機。故選B項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我下車的車站還有幾百米遠。A.home家；B.stop車站；C.car汽車；D.school學校。依據(jù)句意和語境可知，這里的“afewhundredmetersaway(幾百米之外)”可知，此處是作者要下車的車站。故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為一個女孩，我知道我應(yīng)當下車在黑暗中陪伴女孩。A.dark黑暗；B.rain雨；C.wind風；D.van客貨車，廂式送貨車。依據(jù)前文“Iwascomingbackfromhomelateatnightina“Sharing”minivan”提及事情發(fā)生在晚上，且依據(jù)前文可知，女孩下車時踩空摔倒在地，受傷了，作者從自己也是女孩的角度動身認為自己應(yīng)當下車和她一起在黑暗中陪著她。故選A項?！?4題詳解】考查代詞詞義辨析。句意：我就付了我的乘車費，司機載著其他乘客開走了。A.himself他自己；B.herself她自己；C.myself我自己；D.itself它自己。依據(jù)前文“Asagirl,IknewI’dgetoffandstaywithherinthe___13__.”可知，作者要下車，應(yīng)當付乘車費給司機。payformyself“為自己支付”。故選C項。35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我既不相識她，也不知道該干什么。A.ignored忽視，忽視；B.persuaded勸告，勸服；C.promised答應(yīng)，承諾；D.knew知道。結(jié)合語境可知，作者和這個女孩搭乘一輛車，并不相識彼此。故選D項?！军c睛】利用句間邏輯關(guān)系選出正確答案在此，我們發(fā)覺所謂邏輯關(guān)系并不抽象，它往往通過轉(zhuǎn)折、讓步、遞進、因果等明確的邏輯關(guān)系詞來體現(xiàn)。當然，句子的邏輯關(guān)系也不肯定體現(xiàn)在一句話的內(nèi)部，它還可以滲透到篇章的層面上，在句與句之間表現(xiàn)出來。比如文章第3小題：Thevandriverpickedupasmanyas13peopleattimesinavehiclewhichis___2___forthetransportof8.Soourvanwasvery___3___.3.A.heavyB.noisyC.crowdedD.awkward依據(jù)前后句子的意思可推出兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系是因果，前文為緣由“8人車承載了13個乘客”，因此后文結(jié)果應(yīng)是“擁擠的”。故而答案為C項。其次節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TraditionalearthenbuildingsListedasaWorldCulturalHeritagein2008,tulouorearthenbuildingsareuniqueruraldwellings(住宅)inthe___36___(mountain)areaineastChina'sFujianProvince.Thebuildings___37___(appear)intheSongandYuandynasties,andtook___38___(they)currentshapesintheMingandQingdynasties.SomeoftheHakkaandHoklopeoplestillliveinthetulou.Thebuildingswere___39___(original)forHakkafamiliestolivetogetheranddefend___40___theinvaders.Theyevolvedfromlocalmountaincamps,mostof___41___tookacircularstructure.MostoftheearthenbuildingshavebeendevelopedsinceitwasputontheList,andthenumberoftourists___42___(rise)dramatically.LinJianweniscurrentlythesixthgenerationownerofZhenchengBuilding___43___(build)in1912.Linwentbackhomeandinheritedthebuilding,turningitintoahomestayhotel.Inpeaktime,thereare200peoplefrom27families___44___(live)init.Heruns___45___businesswithhisfamilyandtakesgoodcareofthevisitors.WelcomingtouristsfromallovertheworldmakesLin'slifemorecolorfulinthevillage.【答案】36.mountainous37.appeared38.their39.originally40.against41.which42.hasrisen43.built44.living45.the【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在2008年被收錄到世界文化遺產(chǎn)的福建土樓。文章還介紹了福建土樓的歷史、以往的功能等。同時，還通過例子介紹了福建土樓現(xiàn)今作為民宿發(fā)展的這一經(jīng)濟作用?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：2008年被列為世界文化遺產(chǎn)的土樓建筑，是中國東部福建省山區(qū)獨一無二的農(nóng)村住宅。分析句子可知，area為名詞，意為“區(qū)域；地區(qū)”，因此需形容詞在前作定語對其進行修飾。故填mountainous?！?7題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：這些建筑出現(xiàn)在宋元時期，定形在明清時期。分析句子可知，宋元時期為過去的時間點，發(fā)生在過去時間點的事情用一般過去時即可。故填appeared。【38題詳解】考查物主代詞。句意：這些建筑出現(xiàn)在宋元時期，定形在明清時期。分析句子可知，下文currentshapes為名詞短語，此處應(yīng)天形容詞性物主代詞。故填their?！?9題詳解】考查副詞。句意：這些建筑最初是為了客家人的共同居住和抵擋侵略者而建立的。分析句子可知，修飾動詞livetogether和defendagainst時應(yīng)運用副詞形式，故填originally?！?0題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：這些建筑最初是為了客家人的共同居住和抵擋侵略者而建立的。分析句子可知，此處為固定詞組defendagainst，意為“保衛(wèi)；反抗；抵擋；防衛(wèi)”。故填against。【41題詳解】考查關(guān)系代詞。句意：它們時從當?shù)氐纳絽^(qū)營地演化而來的，其中大多數(shù)都實行了圓形結(jié)構(gòu)。分析句子可知，此句為非限制性定語從句，且是of+關(guān)系代詞的結(jié)構(gòu)。先行詞camps為物，從句中缺少主語成分，因此需運用which在從句中作主語。故填which?！?2題詳解】考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：大部分土樓在被列入名錄以后發(fā)展起來，游客數(shù)量急劇上升。分析句子可知，since引導時間狀語從句時，主句一般運用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句運用一般過去時，表示從“起先”被列入名錄以來，土樓的發(fā)展和游客數(shù)量的上升在持續(xù)。且句中and需連接時態(tài)、語態(tài)始終的詞語，前句中運用了現(xiàn)在完成時，空處也應(yīng)運用現(xiàn)在完成時。thenumberof+名詞復數(shù)形式時，其謂語要用三單形式，故填hasrisen?！?3題詳解】考查非謂語。句意：林健文是1912年建成的鎮(zhèn)城土樓的第六代業(yè)主。分析句子可知，ZhenchengBuilding和build之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。故填built?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語。句意：在高峰時期，一共有來自27個家庭的200口人住在這里。分析句子可知，本句已經(jīng)存在謂語動詞且句中沒有連詞，因此需運用live作非謂語動詞。live與邏輯主語peopleandfamilies之間是主謂關(guān)系，故填living?！?5題詳解】考查定冠詞。句意：他和他的家人一起做生意，并且把客人們都照看的很好。后文中的business指代的是前文中出現(xiàn)的ahomestayhotel民宿生意，前文中出現(xiàn)過的內(nèi)容，后文再次出現(xiàn)時應(yīng)運用定冠詞the。故填the?！军c睛】介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導的定語從句，是定語從句中一種介詞前置的定語從句句型，介詞與關(guān)系代詞之間存在一種介賓關(guān)系，在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，關(guān)系代詞只能用which（指物）或whom（指人）。但有些動詞短語搭配不能拆分，介詞只能放在動詞后，如：lookfor，lookafter，payattentionto等等。第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，你的英國摯友Allen為中國目前的新冠狀病毒疫情制作了一個加油視頻寄給了你。請寫一封感謝信，內(nèi)容包括：1.表示感謝；2.描述你的現(xiàn)狀；3.表達信念。留意：1.詞數(shù)80字左右；2.可以適當增加細微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；參考詞匯：新冠狀病毒疫情：thenovelcoronavirusepidemic疫情防控：epidemicpreventionandcontrolDearAllen,DearAllen,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua【答案】DearAllen,WordsfailedmewhenIwatchedyourvideo.Itrulyappreciateyourloveandsupport.Thenewsemesteropeningdateispostponedduetotheoutbreakofthenovelcoronavirusepidemic.MyclassmatesandIarestayingathomeandtakingonlinecourses,whichisbeneficialtotheepidemicpreventionandcontrol.Thoughwearefacingabigchallenge,eachofusisdefinitelyconvincedthatwecangetthroughthehardtimesandwinthebattle!Mayourfriendshiplastforever!Yours,LiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達屬于應(yīng)用文，要求考生寫一封郵件，表達對摯友的感謝以及描述自己的現(xiàn)狀和信念?！驹斀狻康谝徊剑簩忣}體裁：應(yīng)用文時態(tài)：依據(jù)提示，時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時和一般將來時。結(jié)構(gòu)：三段式結(jié)構(gòu)。第一段表達感謝；其次段描述自己的現(xiàn)狀；第三段表達信念。要求：1.表達感謝（appreciate）2.描述自己的現(xiàn)狀1）學校推遲開學（openingdateispostponed）2）參與網(wǎng)路課程（takeonlinecourses）3.表達信念（beconvincedthat）其次步：列提綱（重點詞組）dueto;takeonlinecourses;bebeneficial;faceachallenge;beconvincedthat第三步：連詞成句1.Thenewsemesteropeningdateispostponedduetotheoutbreakofthenovelcoronavirusepidemic.2.MyclassmatesandIarestayingathomeandtakingonlinecourses,whichisbeneficialtotheepidemicpreventionandcontrol.3.Thoughwearefacingabigchallenge,eachofusisdefinitelyconvincedthatwecangetthroughthehardtimesandwinthebattle!依據(jù)提示及關(guān)鍵詞（組）進行遣詞造句，留意主謂一樣和時態(tài)問題。第四步：連句成篇（連接詞）連句成文，留意運用恰當?shù)倪B詞進行句子之間的連接與過渡，書寫肯定要規(guī)范清楚，第五步：潤色修改【點睛】范文內(nèi)容完整，要點全面，語言規(guī)范，語篇連貫，詞數(shù)適當，上下文意思連貫，符合邏輯關(guān)系。1）作者在范文中運用了主從復合句，如：MyclassmatesandIarestayingathomeandtakingonlinecourses,whichisbeneficialtotheepidemicpreventionandcontrol.(我和我的同學呆在家里，參與網(wǎng)絡(luò)課程，這對防疫工作很有幫助)這句話運用了which引導非限制性定語從句。Thoughwearefacingabigchallenge,eachofusisdefinitelyconvincedthatwecangetthroughthehardtimesandwinthebattle!(雖然我們面臨著巨大的挑戰(zhàn)，但我們每個人都堅信，我們能夠度過困難時期，贏得戰(zhàn)斗！)這句話運用了though引導讓步狀語從句，且that引導賓語從句。2）運用了一些固定詞組，如dueto;takeonlinecourses;bebeneficial;faceachallenge等。全文中沒有中國式英語的句式，顯示了很高的駕馭英語的實力。另外，文章思路清楚、層次分明，上下句轉(zhuǎn)換自然，為文章增色添彩。其次節(jié)（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面材料，依據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。Itwasthefirstdayofournewgrade.Everyoneintheclassroomwaschattinghappilyexcitedtoseeeachotheragainafterthelongholidays.Whenthedoorslidopen,allofusstoppedtalkingandturnedtolook.IncameourteacherMs.Sullivan,followedbyanordinary-lookingboy,“Thisboy’snameisRafael.”Ms.Sullivanannounced.“He’satransferstudent(轉(zhuǎn)校生),