高中英語(yǔ)外研版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)Unit 3 Period 3　Using language--ing as subject

Period3Usinglanguage—-ingassubject感知以下句子，并完成方框下面的練習(xí)1．Knowingwheretheballwouldgowasn’teasy.2．Inthisway，practisingdayinanddayouthelpedStephensharpenhisskills.3．Shootingwithgreataccuracywasanotherthinghelearnt.動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)往往表示經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。在以上各句中黑體部分都是動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)。一、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)往往表示一種概念、習(xí)慣或經(jīng)驗(yàn)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Workingintheseconditionsisnotadelightfulbutanunbearablething.在這種條件下工作不是一件愉快的事，而是一件難以忍受的事。二、動(dòng)名詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)：類(lèi)別時(shí)態(tài)形式語(yǔ)態(tài)形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)v.-ing一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone三、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)有如下幾種常見(jiàn)情況：1．動(dòng)名詞位于句首作主語(yǔ)。Spendingtoomuchtimeonyourcomputerisharmfultoyourhealth.在電腦上花太多時(shí)間對(duì)你的健康有害。2．用it作形式主語(yǔ)，把動(dòng)名詞(真正主語(yǔ))置于句尾。常見(jiàn)的動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))作主語(yǔ)的句型有：It’sawasteoftimedoingsth.做某事是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。It’sworth/worthwhiledoingsth.做某事是值得的。It’snogood/use/fun/pleasuredoingsth.做某事沒(méi)好處/沒(méi)用/沒(méi)意思。Itisawasteoftimetryingtopersuadesuchanaughtychild.試圖說(shuō)服這樣一個(gè)淘氣的孩子是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。Itisworthwhilereadingsuchawonderfulnovel.這么好的小說(shuō)很值得一讀。3．動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)。當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞有自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)時(shí)，?？梢栽谄淝懊婕由闲稳菰~性物主代詞或名詞所有格形式，構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。這時(shí)，名詞的所有格或代詞作動(dòng)名詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)也可以在句中作主語(yǔ)。Theircomingtohelpwasagreatdelighttous.他們來(lái)幫忙使我們非常高興。Hisbeinglateinarowmadeourteacherveryangry.他連續(xù)遲到使我們老師很生氣。4．句型“Thereisno＋動(dòng)名詞”表示“不允許、禁止某種行為的發(fā)生或存在”。Thereisnodenyingthattheenvironmentisfrombadtoworse.不可否認(rèn)，環(huán)境狀況正在逐步惡化。Thereisnojokingaboutsuchmatters.這種事開(kāi)不得玩笑。5．動(dòng)名詞的否定形式：在動(dòng)名詞前面加not。Notbeinginvitedtohisfriend’sbirthdaypartymadehimupset.沒(méi)有被邀請(qǐng)參加朋友的生日聚會(huì)讓他很難過(guò)。四、動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)的比較：動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)表示一般的、泛指的或抽象的動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)往往表示具體的或一次性的動(dòng)作Collectingstampscanenlargeourknowledgeandimproveourqualityoflife.集郵可以擴(kuò)大我們的知識(shí)面，提高我們的生活質(zhì)量。TovisitChinawithmyteammatesismynextgoal.和我的隊(duì)友一起去中國(guó)旅游是我的下一個(gè)目標(biāo)。教材聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練(見(jiàn)課件)用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空Doyouliketraveling？1.Staying(stay)healthywhile2.travel(l)ing(travel)canhelptoensureyourtripisahappyandenjoyableone.Whentravelingabroad，youcanmakefulluseofthefollowingtipswhichcanmakeyourtripmucheasier.It’snecessaryforyou3.toget(get)asignedpassportandvisa.Also，beforeyougo，fillintheemergencyinformationpageofyourpassport！Maketwocopiesofyourpassportidentificationpage.Thiswillhelpyoualotifyourpassport4.isstolen(steal)．Leavingonecopyathomewithfriendsorrelatives5.is(be)agoodidea.Readthepublicannouncementsortravelwarningsforthecountriesyouplan6.tovisit(visit)．Getyourself7.informed(inform)oflocallawsandcustomsofthecountriestowhichyouaretraveling.Don’tacceptthepackages8.given(give)toyoubystrangers.It’snouse9.taking(take)toomuchmoneyorunnecessarycreditcards.10.Making(make)enoughpreparationsinadvancecanhelpyousucceedintraveling.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Losing(lose)thegamemadethecaptainandhisteammatesupset.2．Jane’sbeing(be)confidentreflectedherphilosophywhichputemphasisonself-belief.3．It’sgettingdark，andthevillageisfaraway，sotogo(go)thereonfoottodayisverydifficult.4．Takingonmoreresponsibilitiesis(be)whateverycountryshoulddo.5.Beingpraised(praise)byhisteachersmadehimdelightedandhelpedhimregainconfidence.Ⅱ.完成句子1．Thefactisthatit’snouseregrettingyourpastmistakes.事實(shí)是悔恨過(guò)去的錯(cuò)誤是沒(méi)有用的。2．It’skindofhimtomeetmeattherailwaystationanddrivemetomyhome.他到火車(chē)站接我并開(kāi)車(chē)把我送回家，他可真好。3．WritingEnglishnovelsisreallygreatfunforthatyoungman.寫(xiě)英文小說(shuō)對(duì)那個(gè)年輕人來(lái)說(shuō)真的很有趣。4．Hisgettinguplateinthemorningmadehimlateforclass.他早上起晚了，導(dǎo)致他上課遲到了。5．Itisawasteoftimetryingtopersuadehimtogiveupcomputergames.試圖說(shuō)服他放棄電腦游戲是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。Ⅲ.閱讀理解Mostpeoplechoosetotakeiteasyaftertheyretire，butWangGuilan，anoldladyfromLiaoningProvince，isdefinitelynotoneofthem.Sheonlystartedrunningattheageof50，asawaytokeepinshape，butsoonrealizeditwasherpassion.Sheranherfirstmarathonin2004andhasn’tstoppedsincethen.From2005to2017shecompletedtheannualBeijingMarathonthirteentimes，andthisyearshesetanewrecord，becomingtheoldestpersontoevercompletethe168-kilometermarathon.So，howdoesa70-year-oldstayingood-enoughshapetocompleteamarathonwhilemanypeoplecannot?Asamatteroffact，Wangrunsatleast20kilometerseverydayfromMondaytoSaturday，andonSundaysherunssomemorealongsidethemembersofherlong-distancerunningclub.Sheprefersrunningonmountainroadsinherhometown，butinwinter，whentheweatherdoesn’tallowit，sherunsonordinaryroads.Wangisalsoafanofmountaineering，andparticipatedintheInternationalMountTaishanClimbingFestival，whereshemanagedtorank27thoutofthousandsofparticipants.Sheonceparticipatedinanextremechallenge，whereshehadtorun208tracklapswhilestayingawakefor48hours.Remarkably，Wanghassufferedalmostnoinjuriestoherkneesoranklesovertheyears，whichsheattributestoherdifficultchildhood—thathardenedbothherbodyandspirit.Theonlyseriousproblemisthecataracts(白內(nèi)障)affectingeyes，whichiswhyshecompletedsomeofthemarathonswiththehelpofaheadlamp.Wangisafirmbelieverthatageisjustanumber，andplanstocontinuerunningmarathonsandenjoyingthesunsetofherlifeaslongasherhealthallows.語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇記敘文，文章講述一位50歲的退休女士偶然喜愛(ài)上跑馬拉松并且一直堅(jiān)持了下來(lái)。文章旨在告訴人們無(wú)論多大年齡都應(yīng)該運(yùn)動(dòng)的道理。1．WhydidWangGuilangetdowntorunninginitially?A．Becauseshewantedtokeepfit.B．Becauseshehadapassionforit.C．Becauseshedecidedtosetarecord.D．Becauseshedesiredforalifefullofchallenges.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Sheonlystartedrunningattheageof50，asawaytokeepinshape，butsoonrealizeditwasherpassion.”可知，她最初跑步的目的是保持健康。故選A項(xiàng)。2．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeWang?A．Adventurousandintelligent.B．Ambitiousandgenerous.C．Enthusiasticanddetermined.D．Diligentandmodest.答案C解析推理判斷題。從第一段“...butsoonrealizeditwasherpassion.Sheranherfirstmarathonin2004andhasn’tstoppedsincethen.”可知，她對(duì)跑步充滿了熱情；從最后一段“Wangisafirmbelieverthatageisjustanumber，andplanstocontinuerunningmarathonsandenjoyingthesunsetofherlifeaslongasherhealthallows.”可知，她是一個(gè)意志堅(jiān)定的人。故選C項(xiàng)。3．Theunderlinedword“attributes”inthefourthparagraphcanbereplacedby“”．A．commits B．contributesC．leads D．owes答案D解析詞義猜測(cè)題。畫(huà)線詞所在句為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which指代前面的“Remarkably，Wanghassufferedalmostnoinjuriestoherkneesoranklesovertheyears”，由此可推知，此處指“她把膝蓋和腳踝沒(méi)有受過(guò)傷這件事歸因于她艱難的童年生活”，attribute意為“把……歸因于”，故選D項(xiàng)。4．WhatcanbeinferredaboutWangGuilanfromthelastparagraph?A．Sheenjoysadmiringthesunsetwhilerunning.B．Herplantocontinuerunningwillneverbegivenup.C．Shebelievesagemattersalotifyoukeeprunning.D．Nothingbutherphysicalconditioncanaffectherrunning.答案D解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，只要健康狀況允許，她就會(huì)一直跑下去，所以除了她的身體狀況，沒(méi)什么能影響她跑步。故選D項(xiàng)。Ⅳ.完形填空(2022·河北保定高二期末)InGrade7，myPEteacherwatchedme，asItriedtojumpupandtouchamarkeronthewall.Andhesaid,“You’redoingprettywellinmy1，forsomeonelikeyouwithnoabilityatall.”Inhighschool，Iwasn’t2forasingleteam.Iwasbookishandslow，andthatself-image—ofbeingbettersuitedtoquietreadingandleisurely3—remainedwithmeformyentirelife.Idiscoveredrunninginmy20s，andI4thefeelingofquietaccomplishment—withoutthefearof5teammates，butIalwaysprioritizedmentalpursuitsoverphysicalones.Itwasmymentalwellnessthatfinallyforcedmetorethinkmyfitness.Thiswinter，Ifoundmyselfextremelytired.Iknew6hadtochange.Ineededawayto7thetensionofmonthsofvideoconferences，on-and-off(不斷地)singleparentingandvirtualschool.Isettledonanexercisebike.SinceearlyMarch，I’vehardly8adayonmybike.I’mnotthe9.ButI’mfinallylearningthatmovementisn’tnecessarilyaboutathleticism(運(yùn)動(dòng)才能)．Moreimportantly，it’sabout10yourmind.It’sthefeelingofaccomplishmentwhenyou11somethinghardoutsideofyourcomfortzone.Ahandfulofpeoplewillfindgloryinathleticism.Fortherestofus，the12ismorepersonal:bettersleep，improvedspiritsand13confidence.I’mnotdestined(注定)fortheOlympics.Butthiswas14aboutability.That’swhatIwishmygymteacherhadtoldme.Ifonlyhe’dsaid，“You’redoingreallywellinmyclass.Lookatyour15.”語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了作者自己如何從“小書(shū)呆子”變成了一個(gè)熱愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)的人，他意識(shí)到運(yùn)動(dòng)并不只是取決于才能，對(duì)于缺乏運(yùn)動(dòng)天賦的人來(lái)說(shuō)，努力十分重要。1．A.class B．familyC．crew D．firm答案A解析class課程；family家庭；crew船員；firm公司。根據(jù)前句“InGrade7，myPEteacherwatchedme”可知，這是一節(jié)體育課。故選A。2．A.perfect B．suitableC．prepared D．responsible答案B解析perfect完美的；suitable合適的；prepared準(zhǔn)備好的；responsible負(fù)責(zé)的。根據(jù)空處后文“Iwasbookishandslow，andthatself-image—ofbeingbettersuitedtoquietreading...”可知，作者喜歡讀書(shū)，只適合安靜地讀書(shū)，沒(méi)有一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)適合他。故選B。3．A.hikes B．ridesC．walks D．drives答案C解析根據(jù)前文“thatself-image—ofbeingbettersuitedtoquietreadingandleisurely”可知，此處指安靜地閱讀和悠閑地散步的自我形象，故選C。4．A.ignored B．believedC．a(chǎn)pplied D．enjoyed答案D解析ignore忽視；believe相信；apply應(yīng)用；enjoy享受。根據(jù)后文“thefeelingofquietaccomplishment—withoutthefear...”可知，作者很享受那種安靜的成就感。故選D。5．A.knockinginto B．runningintoC．lettingdown D．calmingdown答案C解析knockinto撞上；runinto遭遇；letdown使失望；calmdown平靜下來(lái)。根據(jù)上文“thefeelingofquietaccomplishment—withoutthefearof”可知，跑步不會(huì)讓作者擔(dān)心會(huì)讓隊(duì)友失望，故選C。6．A.anything B．somethingC．nothing D．everything答案B解析根據(jù)前句“Itwasmymentalwellnessthatfinallyforcedmetorethinkmyfitness.Thiswinter，Ifoundmyselfextremelytired.”可知，作者知道有些事情必須改變了。故選B。7．A.record B．changeC．reserve D．release答案D解析record記錄；change改變；reserve預(yù)訂；release釋放。根據(jù)后文“thetensionofmonthsofvideoconferences，on-and-off(不斷地)singleparentingandvirtualschool”可知，作者需要釋放壓力。故選D。8．A.missed B．forgottenC．a(chǎn)rranged D．passed答案A解析miss錯(cuò)過(guò)；forget忘記；arrange安排；pass通過(guò)。根據(jù)上文“Isettledonanexercisebike.SinceearlyMarch”可知，自三月初以來(lái)，作者幾乎沒(méi)有一天錯(cuò)過(guò)騎自行車(chē)。故選A。9．A.latest B．busiestC．loneliest D．fastest答案D解析latest最新的；busiest最忙的；loneliest最孤獨(dú)的；fastest最快的。根據(jù)下文“ButI’mfinallylearningthatmovementisn’tnecessarilyaboutathleticism(運(yùn)動(dòng)才能)．”及語(yǔ)境可知，作者騎自行車(chē)并不是最快的。故選D。10．A.slipping B．steadyingC．feeding D．speaking答案C解析slip滑動(dòng)；steady穩(wěn)?。籪eed喂養(yǎng)；speak說(shuō)話。根據(jù)前句“ButI’mfinallylearningthatmovementisn’tnecessarilyaboutathleticism(運(yùn)動(dòng)才能)．”可知，運(yùn)動(dòng)不一定與運(yùn)動(dòng)能力有關(guān)，更重要的是它可以滋養(yǎng)思想。故選C。11．A.avoid B．a(chǎn)dmitC．finish D．mind答案C解析avoid避免；admit承認(rèn)；finish結(jié)束，完成；mind介意。根據(jù)后文“somethinghardoutsideofyourcomfortzone”可知，指完成一些困難的事情。故選C。12．A.struggle B．rewardC．experience D．conflict答案B解析struggle掙扎；reward獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)，回報(bào)；experience經(jīng)歷；conflict沖突。根據(jù)前句“Ahandfulofpeoplewillfindgloryinathleticism.”可知，作者表示只有“少數(shù)人會(huì)在體育運(yùn)動(dòng)中找到榮耀。對(duì)我們其余的人來(lái)說(shuō)，回報(bào)更個(gè)人化，比如：更好的睡眠，改善的情緒和增強(qiáng)的信心”。故選B。13．A.boosted B．rebuiltC．frustrated D．lost答案A解析boost提高；rebuild重建；frustrate使沮喪；lose失去。根據(jù)上文“bettersleep，improvedspiritsand”可知，指睡眠更好，精神更振奮，信心更強(qiáng)。故選A。14．A.never B．everC．a(chǎn)lways D．only答案A解析never從不；ever曾經(jīng)；always總是；only僅僅。根據(jù)前句“I’mnotdestined(注定)fortheOlympics.”可知，此句表示“但這從來(lái)都與能力無(wú)關(guān)。我真希望我的體育老師能告訴我這些”。故選A。15．A.strength B．knowledgeC．reflection D．effort答案D解析strength力量；knowledge知識(shí)；reflection反射；effort努力。通讀整篇文章，尤其和第一段中的“forsomeonelikeyouwithnoabilityatall”呼應(yīng)可知，作者不由地感慨“要是他能說(shuō)：‘你在我的課上表現(xiàn)很好?？纯茨愕呐??！摱嗪醚剑　惫蔬xD。Ⅴ.語(yǔ)法填空(2023·山東菏澤高二上期中)Ahelpertoacomposer(作曲家)makesthecomposer’swork1.(easy)．Composers，especiallythosewhoworkonmusic，requirelotsofadditionallabor2.(complete)theirjob.Mostemploy(雇用)asmallteamthatworksoutoftheirhomeorprofessionalstudio.Inthisteam，thecomposer’shelperisthemostimportantmemberwho3.(do)whateverisnecessarytosupportthecomposer.Itusuallyfallstothecomposer’shelpertokeepthestudiorunning4.(smooth)．Thismightmeanupdatingaudiosoftware，organizingfiles，etc.Ambitioushelpersshouldexpectearlymornings，andlatenights，especiallywhenadeadline5.(approach)．6．(work)as