2023-2024學(xué)年海南省高三下學(xué)期學(xué)業(yè)水平診斷五英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1海南省2023-2024學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期學(xué)業(yè)水平診斷(五）英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Ataparty.B.Atastation.C.Ataconcert.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Jumpingtheline.B.Parkingcars.C.Doingshopping.3.Whydoesthemanlooktired?A.Hestayeduplatelastnight.B.Hisalarmkeptringing.C.Herushedthere.4.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Fatheranddaughter.5.Howmuchwillthewomanpayforthestamps?A.Eighty-fivecents.B.Twodollarsandeightycents.C.Threedollarsandfortycents.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whichseasonisitnow?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Autumn.7.Whatarethespeakersdoinginthepark?A.Takingawalk.B.Pickingflowers.C.Eatingice-cream.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Howwillthewomandealwiththedatetonight?A.Postponeit.B.Doitasscheduled.C.Cancelit.9.Whatwillthespeakersdobeforestartingtowork?A.Finishtheintroduction.B.Ordersomethingtoeat.C.Talktothemanager10.Whatwillthemandoaboutthereport?A.Themarketanalysisandthesummary.B.Thebusinessissuesandtechnicalissues.C.Thebusinessissuesandthemarketanalysis.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whohasworkedoutthelastmathproblem?A.Theman.B.Thewoman.C.Neither.12.HowdothespeakersfeelabouttheirEnglishteacher?A.Theydon'tlikeher.B.Theythinkshe'sknowledgeable.C.Theythinkshe'stoostrict.13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofvocabulary?A.Itisdefinitelyimportant.B.Grammarismoreimportantthanit.C.Enlargingitisdifficult.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WhatdidJohndothisafternoon?A.Hehungoutwithhisfriends.B.Hewenttoabarbecueparty.C.Hespenttimewithhisfamily.15.Whatwasroastedforthebarbecue?A.Somehamsausage.B.Somechicken.C.Somevegetables.16.WhatgamesdidJohnplay?A.Badmintonandsoccer.B.Volleyballandbasketball.C.Badmintonandvolleyball.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.What'sthespeechmainlyabout?A.Wastemanagement.B.Pollutioncontrol.C.Renewableenergy.18.Accordingtothespeaker,whatisthebenefitofrecyclingwaste?A.Savingmoney.B.Promotingeconomicdevelopment.C.Conservingnaturalresources.19.Whyisitimportanttohandlewasteproperly?A.Ithelpsincreatingenergy.B.Itprotectsecosystems.C.Itimprovesairquality.20.Whatmessagedoesthespeakerwanttodelivertotheaudience?A.Usingpublictransportation.B.Reducing,reusing,andrecycling.C.Avoidingusingplasticproducts.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATopFamilyVacationDestinationsEveryoneWillLoveThinkoftakingavacationandneedsomeinspirationforwheretotravel?Wehaveyoucovered.Herearesomeofourtoppicksforkid-friendlydestinations.Anaheim,CaliforniaCaliforniaisagreatfamilyvacationdestinationthatyouwillrememberforever.Additionally,therearemanyotherplacestovisitaroundtheAnaheimareabesidesDisneylandPark.OtherattractionslikeKnott’sBerryFarm,awaterparkandmuseumsareclosebyaswell,soyouaresuretohavelotsoffamilyadventures.PanamaCity,FloridaIfyou’relookingforsomefamilybeachfun,whynottryPanamaCityinFlorida?You’llfindwhitesandandabeautifultropicalclimate.Itistheperfectplacetorelaxandenjoyyourself.Salzburg,AustrianAlps,AustriaOneofourtopfamilyvacationdestinationsoutsideoftheUnitedStatesisSalzburg.YoucanvisitMozart’shomeandcatchaconcertshow.Or,ifyou’relookingforasnowyoutdooradventure,thenAustriaisalsoagreatplacetogoduringtherighttimeofyear.Austriahassomegreatfamilyhotels.Someevenofferbabymonitorsandchildcareavailable.Dublin,IrelandIfyou’relookingforpeaceandquiet,andbeautifulsurroundings,whynotgotoDublin?It’saplacewhereyourkidscanrunaroundwildandfreeanditalsohasaromanticfeel.Thereareattractionstovisitaswell,suchasClaraLaraAmusementPark,locatedintheWicklowmountainsandmanyotheroutdooractivitieskidscantakepartin.1.Whichofthefollowingdestinationsissuitableforkidsfondofcoastallife?A.Anaheim,California. B.PanamaCity,Florida.C.Salzburg,AustrianAlps,Austria. D.Dublin,Ireland.2.WhatmakesSalzburg,AustrianAlps,Austriaspecial?A.Whitesand. B.Wildlife. C.Music. D.Water.3.WhatdoAnaheimandDublinhaveincommon?A.Theybothfeaturethemeparks.B.Theybothofferchildcareservice.C.Theyarebothperfectplacesformuseumlovers.D.Theybothprovidevisitorswitharomanticfeeling.〖答案〗1.B2.C3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了四個每個人都會喜歡的頂級家庭度假目的地?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PanamaCity,Florida中的“Ifyou’relookingforsomefamilybeachfun,whynottryPanamaCityinFlorida?You’llfindwhitesandandabeautifultropicalclimate.Itistheperfectplacetorelaxandenjoyyourself.(如果你正在尋找一些家庭海灘樂趣，為什么不試試佛羅里達(dá)州的巴拿馬城呢?你會發(fā)現(xiàn)白色的沙灘和美麗的熱帶氣候。這是一個放松和享受自己的好地方。)”可知PanamaCity適合喜歡海濱生活的孩子，故選B?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Salzburg,AustrianAlps,Austria中的“OneofourtopfamilyvacationdestinationsoutsideoftheUnitedStatesisSalzburg.YoucanvisitMozart’shomeandcatchaconcertshow.(薩爾茨堡是我們在美國以外的最佳家庭度假目的地之一。你可以參觀莫扎特的家，看一場音樂會。)”可知音樂是Salzburg,AustrianAlps,Austria的特別之處，故選C。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Anaheim,California中的“Californiaisagreatfamilyvacationdestinationthatyouwillrememberforever.Additionally,therearemanyotherplacestovisitaroundtheAnaheimareabesidesDisneylandPark.(加州是一個家庭度假的好地方，你會永遠(yuǎn)記得的。此外，除了迪斯尼樂園，阿納海姆地區(qū)還有許多其他地方可以參觀。)”和Dublin,Ireland中的“Thereareattractionstovisitaswell,suchasClaraLaraAmusementPark,locatedintheWicklowmountainsandmanyotheroutdooractivitieskidscantakepartin.(這里也有很多值得參觀的景點，比如位于威克洛山脈的ClaraLar游樂園，孩子們還可以參加許多其他的戶外活動。)”可知兩者之間的共同之處是都以主題公園為特色。故選A。BDuringthelastweekofFuBao’spublicviewingearlierthismonth,visitorsenduredwaitingfor5—6hoursjusttogiveaglanceatthepandaforonlyfiveminutes,asEverlandPandaWorldrestrictedviewingtimetomanagethefloodofvisitors.BorntoparentsAiBaoandLeBaoinJuly2020,FuBaoisSouthKorea’sfirstnaturally-bornpanda.Inthedaysfollowingherbirth,Everland’ssocialmediachannelsofferedfansasteadydietofFuBaovideos,pullinginmorethan1.2millionsubscribersand,asofFebruary,over500millionaccumulatedviews.Themostrecentvideosarenowfilledwithwarmandsinceremessagesfromviewers.ThankstoFuBao’swidespreadpopularity,herzookeeperhasalsofoundhimselfinthespotlight,becomingabitofasocialmediastarhimself.Oftenreferredtoashergrandpa,KangChul-wonofferedhiownfarewellmessagetoFuBao,notingthattheSouthKoreans’specialloveforherallbeganwithsocialmediavideossharedduringthepandemicwhenthezoowasclosed.Shebroughthelpandhappinesstoasocietyinmanywaysthatwashavingadifficulttimeduetothevirus.Hesaidpeoplevisitedthesocialmediasiteseverydaysoitfeltlikehewasraisinghertogetherwiththem.Theycaredsomuchforherandsharedthesameemotionsofraisingababypandatogetherduringsuchdifficulttimes.FuBaowillbetransferredtoChinaConservationandResearchCenterfortheGiantPandainSichuanProvince.EverlandsaysthatshewillbekeptaloneatEverlandPandaWorldforamonthtopreparehertoadjusttohernewenvironmentbeforeheroverseastransfer,whichwillbecarriedoutinaccordancewithinternationalrules.4.WhatcanwelearnaboutFuBaofromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Shehasabalanceddiet. B.Sheisfiveyearsold.C.SheisverypopularinSouthKorea. D.ShecamefromSichuan,China.5.WhatdoSouthKoreansthinkofFuBao?A.Sheisalivesymbolofluckandfortune.B.Sheisananimalwhocanresistanyvirus.C.Sheisaninspirationtoovercomedifficulties.D.Sheistheircommonpossessionandbusiness.6.WhatwillFuBaodoamonthbeforeleavingSouthKorea?A.ShewillgoonshowinEverland. B.Shewillbeseparatedforadjustment.C.ShewillleaveEverlandPandaWorld. D.Shewillbemovedtoaresearchcenter.7.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“inaccordancewith”inthelastparagraphprobablymean?A.Onbehalfof. B.Intermsof.C.Incompanywith. D.Inagreementwith.〖答案〗4.C5.C6.B7.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章介紹大熊貓“福寶”在韓國很受歡迎，并將被送回中國大熊貓保護(hù)與研究中心。【4題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“DuringthelastweekofFuBao’spublicviewingearlierthismonth,visitorsenduredwaitingfor5—6hoursjusttogiveaglanceatthepandaforonlyfiveminutes,asEverlandPandaWorldrestrictedviewingtimetomanagethefloodofvisitors.(本月早些時候，在“福寶”公開參觀的最后一周，由于愛寶樂園熊貓世界限制了參觀時間，游客們?nèi)淌芰?-6個小時的等待，只是為了看一眼這只熊貓，只有5分鐘。)”和第二段“BorntoparentsAiBaoandLeBaoinJuly2020,FuBaoisSouthKorea’sfirstnaturally-bornpanda.Inthedaysfollowingherbirth,Everland’ssocialmediachannelsofferedfansasteadydietofFuBaovideos,pullinginmorethan1.2millionsubscribersand,asofFebruary,over500millionaccumulatedviews.Themostrecentvideosarenowfilledwithwarmandsinceremessagesfromviewers.(“福寶”于2020年7月由愛寶和樂寶父母所生，是韓國第一只自然出生的大熊貓。在她出生后的幾天里，愛寶樂園的社交媒體頻道為粉絲們提供了穩(wěn)定的“福寶”視頻，吸引了超過120萬的訂閱者，截至2月份，累計觀看次數(shù)超過5億。最近的視頻現(xiàn)在充滿了來自觀眾的溫暖和真誠的信息。)”可知前兩段主要講述大熊貓“福寶”在韓國很受歡迎，故選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Oftenreferredtoashergrandpa,KangChul-wonofferedhiownfarewellmessagetoFuBao,notingthattheSouthKoreans’specialloveforherallbeganwithsocialmediavideossharedduringthepandemicwhenthezoowasclosed.Shebroughthelpandhappinesstoasocietyinmanywaysthatwashavingadifficulttimeduetothevirus.Hesaidpeoplevisitedthesocialmediasiteseverydaysoitfeltlikehewasraisinghertogetherwiththem.Theycaredsomuchforherandsharedthesameemotionsofraisingababypandatogetherduringsuchdifficulttimes.(通常被稱為“爺爺”的KangChul-won向“福寶”發(fā)表了自己的告別致辭，他指出，韓國人對她的特殊愛都始于疫情期間動物園關(guān)閉期間分享的社交媒體視頻。她在許多方面為一個因病毒而陷入困境的社會帶來了幫助和幸福。他說，人們每天都訪問社交媒體網(wǎng)站，所以感覺他和他們一起撫養(yǎng)她。他們非常關(guān)心她，在這樣的困難時期，他們分享了共同撫養(yǎng)熊貓寶寶的情感。)”可知在疫情期間，“福寶”給社會帶來了幫助和幸福，所以韓國人認(rèn)為“福寶”鼓勵他們克服困難。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“EverlandsaysthatshewillbekeptaloneatEverlandPandaWorldforamonthtopreparehertoadjusttohernewenvironmentbeforeheroverseastransfer,whichwillbecarriedoutinaccordancewithinternationalrules.(愛寶樂園方面表示，在按照國際規(guī)定進(jìn)行海外轉(zhuǎn)移之前，將“福寶”在愛寶樂園熊貓世界單獨飼養(yǎng)一個月，以適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。)”可知在離開韓國的一個月前，“福寶”將被單獨飼養(yǎng)以適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。故選B?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“EverlandsaysthatshewillbekeptaloneatEverlandPandaWorldforamonthtopreparehertoadjusttohernewenvironmentbeforeheroverseastransfer(愛寶樂園方面表示，在進(jìn)行海外轉(zhuǎn)移之前，將“福寶”在愛寶樂園熊貓世界單獨飼養(yǎng)一個月，以適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境)”可推斷這是按照國際規(guī)則進(jìn)行的，所以inaccordancewith意為“按照，依據(jù)”，和Inagreementwith同義，A.Onbehalfof代表；B.Intermsof就……而言；C.Incompanywith一起；D.Inagreementwith同意，與……一致，故選D。CImagineahorizontalline.Theveryleftismarkedonethousandandtheveryrightismarkedonebillion.Onthisline,wherewouldyouaddamarkertorepresentonemillion?Ifyousaidsomewhereinthemiddle,youansweredthesameastheroughly50percentofpeoplewhohavedonethisexerciseinanumberlinestudy.Buttheanswerisactuallymuchclosertoonethousandsincethereareonethousandmillionsinonebillion.Thiserrormakessensebecause“ourhumanbrainsareprettybadatcomprehendinglargenumbers,”saysElizabethToomarian,aneducationalneuroscientistatStanfordUniversity.Ourbrainisbuilttounderstandhowmuchofsomethingisinitsenvironment.Butcomprehendingthenationaldebtorimaginingthesizeofouruniverse?“Wecertainlycanuseourbrainsinthatway,butwe’rerecyclingthesesortsofevolutionarily(進(jìn)化地)oldbrainarchitecturestodosomethingreallynew,”shesays.Inotherwords,it’snotourfaultthatwehavetroublewrappingourheadsaroundbignumbers.Sowhatcanwedoaboutthestruggletounderstandbignumbers?Itissuggestedtousemetaphors,analogies(類比)andvisualizations.Thesetechniquesbringbignumbersdowntoamorecomprehensiblescale(比例)andideallymakeitrelevanttosomethinginourdailylives.Forexample,itmaybedifficultformostpeopletoaccuratelyplacetheextinctionofthedinosaursonatimelinebetweentheBigBangandhumansbecausethefirsttwobothseemtobeplacedtothedistantpath.Butwhenconceptualizing(概念化)theseeventsusinga“calendar”,itbecomeseasier.TheBigBangoccurredat12a.m.onJanuary1stonthecalendar.Dinosaurswereonlypresentforroughlythelastweekoftheyear.AndhumansonlyemergedinthelasteightsendsDecember31st,at12:59:52p.m.It’sclearnowthatdinosaursaremuchclosertohumansthantheBigBangonatimeline.Thesemetaphorsandanalogiesareimportantifpeoplearetoreallyweighthecostsandbenefitsofeventsintheirlives.Theconceptnotonlyappliestolong-termdecisions,butpublicpolicies.8.Whydoestheauthormentiontheexampleinthefirstparagraph?A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Toexplainthemainidea.C.Tomakeasummaryofthetext. D.Tomakecomparisonswithothertopics.9.AccordingtoToomarian,what’stoblameforbeingunabletoworkoutbignumbers?A.Thelackofconceptualtechniques.B.Theunwillingnesstolearnsomethingnew.C.Ourlowabilitytoevaluateandcompare.D.Ourinbornnatureduetoevolutionaryfactors.10.Whatisrecommendedfortheunderstandingofbignumbers?A.Makingthemrelatedtoeachother.B.Wrappingourheadsaroundthem.C.Usingtechniquestoputthemtoasmallerscale.D.Applyingacalendartopresentthem.11.Whatwillprobablybefurtherdiscussedinthefollowingparagraph?A.Howtomakelong-termdecisions.B.Howmetaphorsandanalogieshelpsolvepublicproblems.C.Howtoweighthecostsandbenefitsinourlife.D.Howimportantpublicpoliciesareinourlife〖答案〗8.A9.D10.C11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是人類在面對大數(shù)字理解上的困難，以及如何通過隱喻、類比和形象化等技巧來克服這種困難?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thiserrormakessensebecause“ourhumanbrainsareprettybadatcomprehendinglargenumbers,”saysElizabethToomarian,aneducationalneuroscientistatStanfordUniversity.Ourbrainisbuilttounderstandhowmuchofsomethingisinitsenvironment.Butcomprehendingthenationaldebtorimaginingthesizeofouruniverse?(這個錯誤是有道理的，因為‘我們?nèi)祟惖拇竽X在理解大數(shù)字方面非常糟糕，’斯坦福大學(xué)的教育神經(jīng)科學(xué)家ElizabethToomarian說。我們的大腦是用來理解環(huán)境中有多少東西的。但是理解國家債務(wù)或者想象我們宇宙的大小呢？)”可知，作者在第一段提到這個例子是為了引出本文的話題，即我們的大腦如何理解大數(shù)字，故選A?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段““Wecertainlycanuseourbrainsinthatway,butwe’rerecyclingthesesortsofevolutionarily(進(jìn)化地)oldbrainarchitecturestodosomethingreallynew,”shesays.Inotherwords,it’snotourfaultthatwehavetroublewrappingourheadsaroundbignumbers.(她說：‘我們當(dāng)然可以以這種方式使用我們的大腦，但我們正在循環(huán)利用這些進(jìn)化上古老的大腦結(jié)構(gòu)來做一些真正新的事情?！瘬Q句話說，我們無法理解大數(shù)字并不是我們的錯。)”可知，根據(jù)Toomarian的說法，不能計算大數(shù)字的原因是由進(jìn)化因素決定的我們與生俱來的天性。故選D?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Itissuggestedtousemetaphors,analogies(類比)andvisualizations.Thesetechniquesbringbignumbersdowntoamorecomprehensiblescale(比例)andideallymakeitrelevanttosomethinginourdailylives.(建議使用隱喻、類比和形象化。這些技術(shù)將龐大的數(shù)字縮小到更容易理解的規(guī)模，并理想地使其與我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械哪承┦挛锵嚓P(guān)。)”可知，對于理解大數(shù)的建議是隱喻、類比和形象化等技巧把它們縮小。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thesemetaphorsandanalogiesareimportantifpeoplearetoreallyweighthecostsandbenefitsofeventsintheirlives.Theconceptnotonlyappliestolong-termdecisions,butpublicpolicies.(如果人們要真正衡量生活中事件的成本和收益，這些隱喻和類比是很重要的。這一概念不僅適用于長期決策，也適用于公共政策。)”可推知，在下一段中可能會進(jìn)一步討論隱喻和類比如何幫助解決公共問題。故選B。DChineseresearchershaverevealedtheanti-cancercharacteristicofneutrophils(中性粒細(xì)胞)—atypeofwhitebloodcells—andtherelatedmolecularregulationmechanism,providingnewinsightsintocancerdiagnosisandtreatment.Thediscovery,madebyresearchersattheShanghaiInstituteofImmunityandInfectionundertheChineseAcademyofSciencesandFudanUniversity,waspublishedinCellonTuesday.Neutrophilsarethemostabundantwhitebloodcellsinthehumanbody.Asthefirstlineofdefenceagainstinfections,theyplayakeyroleinanti-infectionimmunity.Theresearcherscollectedneutrophilsfrom143patientswith17differenttypesofcancerandanalyzedthem.Theyrevealedthatneutrophilscanadoptatleast10highlyspecializedanddistinctfunctionalstatesrelatedtoinflammation(炎癥),bloodvesselformationand—mostexcitingly—presentingantigens(抗體)toactivatepowerfulcancer-killingTcells.“Weweresurprisedtofindsuchcomplexityanddifferentroleswithinneutrophils,whichhavebeenignoredforsolong,”saidZhangXiaoming,aresearcherattheInstitute.“Whatisespeciallyremarkableistheirnewlydiscoveredcapacitytoactasantigen-presentingcells,gatheringTcellsagainstcancer.Inaddition,theabundanceofantigen-presentingneutrophilsisassociatedwithimprovedconditionacrossmanycancertypesrevealedinthisstudy,”hesaid.“Thiscompletelychangeshowweperceiveneutrophilsinthecontextofcancer,”saidGaoQiang,aprofessoratFudanUniversity.“Nowweknowwecouldemploythediversehiddenidentitiesofneutrophilstostrengthentheeffectivenessofimmunotherapy(免疫療法).We’rethrilledtofurtherexplorethepotentialbenefitsofthesenewlyuncoveredmechanismsinclines.”Thestudyemphasizesthevalueofsingle-cellsequencingapproachestorevealnewfunctionaldimensionevenwithinseeminglywell-understoodimmunecells.Tappingintothehiddenpotentialofneutrophilsmayprovidenewinsightsintocancerdiagnosisandtreatment.12.Howwastheanti-cancerfunctionofneutrophilsdiscovered?A.Byreferringtopreviousresearch.B.Bycollectingandanalyzingdata.C.Byseekingguidancefromexperts.D.Byobservingpatientswithinflammation.13.Whichofthefollowingisafunctionofneutrophils?A.GettingtogetherTcellswhenneeded.B.Preventingtheformationofantigens.C.Speedingupthebloodflow.D.Distinguishingdifferenttypesofcancer.14.What’sGaoQiang’sattitudetowardsthenewresearch?A.Positive. B.Doubtful. C.Worried. D.Unclear.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.BloodCellsSuccessfullyFightAgainstSevereCancerB.ChinaMakesGreatProgressinFightingAgainstDiseasesC.FurtherResearchIsNeededtoFightAgainstCancerD.ResearchersDiscoverNewCancer-fightingMechanism〖答案〗12.B13.A14.A15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報道，主要講的是中國研究人員揭示了中性粒細(xì)胞（一種白細(xì)胞）在抗癌中的新特性和相關(guān)的分子調(diào)控機(jī)制，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為癌癥的診斷和治療提供了新的見解?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Theresearcherscollectedneutrophilsfrom143patientswith17differenttypesofcancerandanalyzedthem.Theyrevealedthatneutrophilscanadoptatleast10highlyspecializedanddistinctfunctionalstatesrelatedtoinflammation(炎癥),bloodvesselformationand—mostexcitingly—presentingantigens(抗體)toactivatepowerfulcancer-killingTcells.(研究人員收集了143名患有17種不同類型癌癥的患者的中性粒細(xì)胞，并對其進(jìn)行了分析。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，中性粒細(xì)胞至少可以采用10種與炎癥、血管形成和最令人興奮的呈遞抗原相關(guān)的高度專業(yè)化和獨特的功能狀態(tài)，以激活強(qiáng)大的抗癌T細(xì)胞。)”可知，中性粒細(xì)胞的抗癌功能是通過收集和分析數(shù)據(jù)被發(fā)現(xiàn)的。故選B?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whatisespeciallyremarkableistheirnewlydiscoveredcapacitytoactasantigen-presentingcells,gatheringTcellsagainstcancer.(特別值得注意的是它們新發(fā)現(xiàn)的作為抗原呈遞細(xì)胞的能力，聚集T細(xì)胞對抗癌癥。)”可知，中性粒細(xì)胞的功能是在需要的時候聚集T細(xì)胞。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Thiscompletelychangeshowweperceiveneutrophilsinthecontextofcancer(這完全改變了我們在癌癥背景下對中性粒細(xì)胞的看法)”和“Nowweknowwecouldemploythediversehiddenidentitiesofneutrophilstostrengthentheeffectivenessofimmunotherapy(免疫療法).We’rethrilledtofurtherexplorethepotentialbenefitsofthesenewlyuncoveredmechanismsinclines.(現(xiàn)在我們知道我們可以利用中性粒細(xì)胞的各種隱藏身份來加強(qiáng)免疫治療的有效性。我們很高興能進(jìn)一步探索這些新發(fā)現(xiàn)的機(jī)制在臨床中的潛在益處。)”可知，GaoQiang對這項新研究的態(tài)度是積極的，故選A?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Chineseresearchershaverevealedtheanti-cancercharacteristicofneutrophils(中性粒細(xì)胞)—atypeofwhitebloodcells—andtherelatedmolecularregulationmechanism,providingnewinsightsintocancerdiagnosisandtreatment.Thediscovery,madebyresearchersattheShanghaiInstituteofImmunityandInfectionundertheChineseAcademyofSciencesandFudanUniversity,waspublishedinCellonTuesday.(中國研究人員揭示了中性粒細(xì)胞（一種白細(xì)胞）的抗癌特性和相關(guān)的分子調(diào)控機(jī)制，為癌癥診斷和治療提供了新的見解。周二，中國科學(xué)院上海免疫與感染研究所和復(fù)旦大學(xué)的研究人員在《細(xì)胞》雜志上發(fā)表了這一發(fā)現(xiàn)。)”可知，本文主要講的是中國研究人員揭示了中性粒細(xì)胞（一種白細(xì)胞）在抗癌中的新特性和相關(guān)的分子調(diào)控機(jī)制，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為癌癥的診斷和治療提供了新的見解，因此最好的題目是D選項“ResearchersDiscoverNewCancer-fightingMechanism(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)新的抗癌機(jī)制)”。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Whenitcomestohappiness,ourpresentselveshabituallygetdeprived(剝奪).____16____Inthemiddleofabusyworkday,youthink,“I’llbehappywhenIgetthisdone.”Whenyougetthetaskdone,youthink,“I’llbehappywhenI’monvacation…”Whenwearedoingthese,it’sasifweputtruehappinessinapackageaddressedtousatsomefuturetimewhencircumstanceswillbejustrightforittohappen.Yet,thepackagekeepsgettinglost.____17____Whatcausesthis?Howcanweavoidthisresult?Weshouldknowthereasonwhywemakesuchchoicesandwhyourfutureselvesseemlikestrangerstousispartiallyduetotheabstractnessoftomorrow.Thesolutionistomakethefuturemorevividandcreateanemotionalconnectionbetweenthepresentandfutureselves.Hereareseveralwaystostrengthentheconnection.____18____Writealettertoyourfutureselfandsendbackareply.Thenyoumaygaininsightsintoyourfutureself’sneedsthatwouldgetyoutotakehelpfulactionnow.Visualizethebestversionofyourself.____19____Importantly,focusonthecontrastbetweennowandlater.Whatarethebarriersthatstandinthewayofturningintothatidealfuturelater?Onceyourecognizethem,youcouldstartworkingonthemnow.Imagineyourselfinoldage.Lookingbackatnow,whatdoyouwishyouwouldhavedonemoreordifferentlywithyourtime?____20____Andhowcanyouprioritizethefuturenow,sothatwhenyoulookbackonitlater,youthinkofitfondly?Onceyoudosuchthings,youwillmakechoicesthatwillbenefitbothyourpresentselfandfutureself.A.Startaconversationbetweentheselves.B.Whatwillyourfutureselfthankyoufor?C.Weoftenputfeelinghappytothefutureus.D.Learntocommunicatewithothersthroughletters.E.Whatimpressiondidyouleaveonthosearoundyou?F.Thiscanmakewhatyoudotodayforthefuturemoreworthwhile.G.Asaresult,weareleftwithoutenjoymentofthemomentinfrontofus.〖答案〗16.C17.G18.A19.F20.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要講的是如何避免將幸福寄托在未來?！?6題詳析】空前“Whenitcomestohappiness,ourpresentselveshabituallygetdeprived(剝奪).(當(dāng)談到快樂，我們現(xiàn)在的自我習(xí)慣性地被剝奪。)”說明我們現(xiàn)在的自我被剝奪了，空格后“Inthemiddleofabusyworkday,youthink,“I’llbehappywhenIgetthisdone.”Whenyougetthetaskdone,youthink,“I’llbehappywhenI’monvacation…”(在忙碌的工作日中，你會想：“做完這件事我就高興了?！碑?dāng)你完成任務(wù)時，你會想：“當(dāng)我去度假的時候我會很開心……”)”表明我們會把快樂的事情往將來推，C選項“Weoftenputfeelinghappytothefutureus.(我們常常把感覺快樂寄托給未來的我們。)”說明了我們把快樂寄托在將來，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳析】空前“Whenwearedoingthese,it’sasifweputtruehappinessinapackageaddressedtousatsomefuturetimewhencircumstanceswillbejustrightforittohappen.Yet,thepackagekeepsgettinglost.(當(dāng)我們這樣做的時候，就好像我們把真正的快樂放在一個包裹里，在未來的某個時候，當(dāng)情況正好適合它發(fā)生的時候。然而，包裹不斷丟失。)”描述了一個情境，就是我們把快樂好像放在一個包裹里，將來某一天卻發(fā)現(xiàn)，包裹丟失了，空格處應(yīng)該說這會導(dǎo)致一個什么結(jié)果，G選項“Asaresult,weareleftwithoutenjoymentofthemomentinfrontofus.(因此，我們無法享受眼前的這一刻。)”說明了把快樂放在包裹里所導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，就是我們無法享受眼前的這一刻，因此G選項承接上文，符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳析】空格處是本段主題句，由空后的“Writealettertoyourfutureselfandsendbackareply.(給未來的自己寫封信，然后給他回信。)”可知，本段主要講的是要讓現(xiàn)在的自己和未來的自己對話，A選項“Startaconversationbetweentheselves.(開始自我之間的對話。)”說明了要在現(xiàn)在和未來的自己之間對話，因此概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為本段主題句，故選A。【19題詳析】空前“Visualizethebestversionofyourself.(想象最好的自己。)”說明要想象最好的自己，空格處應(yīng)該說這樣做的好處，F(xiàn)選項“Thiscanmakewhatyoudotodayforthefuturemoreworthwhile.(這會讓你今天為未來所做的事情更有價值。)”中的This指代的是前面的“Visualizethebestversionofyourself(想象最好的自己)”，說明了想象最好的自己的好處，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選F?！?0題詳析】空前“Imagineyourselfinoldage.Lookingbackatnow,whatdoyouwishyouwouldhavedonemoreordifferentlywithyourtime?(想象你自己老了?，F(xiàn)在回想起來，你希望你能在你的時間里做更多或不同的事情嗎？)”說明了在想象自己老了的時候會想到的一些問自己的問題，空后“Andhowcanyouprioritizethefuturenow,sothatwhenyoulookbackonitlater,youthinkofitfondly?(現(xiàn)在你怎樣才能優(yōu)先考慮未來，這樣當(dāng)你以后回顧它的時候，你就會深情地想起它？)”也是一個問題，空格處也應(yīng)該是一個問題，B選項“Whatwillyourfutureselfthankyoufor?(未來的自己會因為什么感謝你？)”提出的是一個老了以后會問自己的問題，因此承上啟下，符合語境，故選B。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。RobertMendezJr.isafootballcoach.Despitebeingbornwithoutlimbs(四肢),hehasspenthislifeonwhathecan____21____.Andthisspiritwaswhatdrovehimformorethanadecadetowardrealizinghisdream—becomingacoach.Thisyear,Robert____22____theJimmyVAwardforPerseverance,presentedto“a____23____memberofthesportingworldwhohasovercomegreatdifficultiesthroughdetermination.”Nobodycouldhavebeenabetter____24____.AsRobertacceptedthe____25____,hethankedanumberofpeopleforhelpinghim.Then,truetohischaracter,thispassionatecoach____26____apieceofhiswisdom.Hesaid,“Ifthere’sany____27____thatIwanttogiveyou,it’stolookatmeandseehowmuchpassionIputintocoachingandhow____28____it’sgottenme.Whenyouopenyourmindtodifferentpossibilitiesand____29____whatyoucando,youreallycanachievesomething.”Whentalkingof____30____,hesaid,“Thebestpartofitisseeingsomeone’s____31____andmakingthemrealizewhat’spossible.Soforanyoneouttherenot____32____abouttheirabilities,I’mheretotellyouthatyoucandoit.Itcan____33____.”Robertmayhavebeenbornwithoutarmsorlegs,buthewas____34____bornwiththeamazingabilityto____35____others.Ashe’salreadywellaware,there’snothingthismancan’tdo!21.A.imagine B.do C.tolerate D.benefit22.A.sponsored B.valued C.created D.received23.A.deserving B.demanding C.formal D.fortunate24.A.player B.individual C.match D.witness25.A.donation B.challenge C.proposal D.award26.A.shared B.obtained C.repeated D.proved27.A.chance B.joy C.message D.warning28.A.intelligent B.far C.respectful D.fit29.A.writedown B.talkabout C.advocatefor D.focuson30.A.competing B.coaching C.giving D.learning31.A.potenti