2025年高考教案英語UNIT5LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLD

UNIT5LANGUAGESAROUNDTHEWORLD基礎(chǔ)默寫Ⅰ.核心單詞——寫其形1.billionn.十億2.nativeadj.出生地的；本地的；土著的n.本地人3.attituden.態(tài)度；看法4.systemn.體系；制度；系統(tǒng)5.despiteprep.即使；盡管6.factorn.因素；要素7.meansn.方式；方法；途徑8.classicadj.傳統(tǒng)的；最優(yōu)秀的；典型的n.經(jīng)典作品；名著9.regardn.尊重；關(guān)注vt.把……視為；看待10.charactern.文字；符號(hào)；角色；品質(zhì)；特點(diǎn)11.affairn.公共事務(wù)；事件；關(guān)系12.specificadj.特定的；明確的；具體的13.strugglen.&vi.斗爭(zhēng)；奮斗；搏斗14.subwayn.地鐵15.apartmentn.公寓套房16.vocabularyn.詞匯Ⅱ.拓展單詞——通其變1.refervi.提到；參考；查閱vt.查詢；叫……求助于→referencen.提到；參考2.basevt.以……為據(jù)點(diǎn)；以……為基礎(chǔ)n.底部；根據(jù)→basedadj.以（某事）為基礎(chǔ)的；以……為重要部分（或特征）的→basicadj.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的→basicallyadv.從根本上說→basisn.準(zhǔn)則；方式；基礎(chǔ)3.symboln.符號(hào)；象征→symbolicadj.象征性的；作為象征的→symbolizevt.是……的象征4.varyvt.&vi.變化；改變→varietyn.（植物、語言等的）變體；異體；多樣化→various/variedadj.不同的；各種各樣的5.majoradj.主要的；重要的；大的n.主修課程；主修學(xué)生vi.主修；專門研究→majorityn.大多數(shù)→minorityn.少數(shù)6.globen.球體；地球儀；地球→globaladj.全球的；全世界的→globallyadv.全球地→globalisationn.全球化7.appreciatevt.欣賞；重視；感激；領(lǐng)會(huì)vi.增值→appreciationn.欣賞；感激；感謝8.begvt.懇求；祈求；哀求→beggarn.乞丐9.equaln.同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同樣的→equalityn.平等；相等→equallyadv.同樣地；相等地；平均地10.demandn.要求；需求vt.強(qiáng)烈要求；需要vi.查問→demandingadj.要求高的11.describevt.描述→descriptionn.描寫（文字）；形容12.relatevt.聯(lián)系；講述→relatedadj.相關(guān)的；有聯(lián)系的→relationn.關(guān)系Ⅲ.閱讀單詞——曉其意1.bonen.骨頭；骨（質(zhì)）2.shelln.殼；殼狀物3.carvevt.&vi.雕刻4.dynastyn.王朝；朝代5.dialectn.地方話；方言6.calligraphyn.書法；書法藝術(shù)7.tonguen.舌頭；語言8.semestern.學(xué)期9.petroln.汽油10.pantsn.內(nèi)褲；短褲；褲子11.gapn.間隔；開口；差距Ⅳ.核心短語——明搭配1.dateback（to...）追溯到2.pointofview觀點(diǎn)；看法3.referto指的是；描述；提到；查閱4.upsanddowns浮沉；興衰；榮辱5.at/inthebeginning起初6.dependon取決于；依靠7.relateto與……相關(guān)；涉及；談到8.takeon承擔(dān)；呈現(xiàn)；雇用；裝載Ⅴ.經(jīng)典句式——會(huì)運(yùn)用1.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.（"beof＋名詞"結(jié)構(gòu)）那個(gè)書寫體系對(duì)中國人民與中國文化的統(tǒng)一具有非凡的意義。2.Itwasexerciseforthebrain；themoreIlearntofalanguage，themoremybrainwouldgrow.（themore...，themore...）這是對(duì)大腦的鍛煉；我對(duì)一門語言的了解越多，我的大腦就發(fā)育得越好。3.Eventoday，nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhatdialecttheyspeak，theycanallstillmunicateinwriting.（nomatterwhere引導(dǎo)狀語從句）即使在今天，不管住在哪里，也不論說何種方言，中國人都仍能通過書寫（文字）進(jìn)行交流。4.IusedtogethighmarksinEnglish，butnowI’mhavingalotoftroublewithmylistening.（havetroublewithsth.）我過去英語經(jīng)常能考高分，但現(xiàn)在我在聽力方面有很多困難。5.Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible，butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.（thereasonwhy...）這成為可能有很多原因，其中一個(gè)主要因素是中國的書寫體系。語境自測(cè)Ⅰ.單詞拼寫（用本單元詞匯）1.Despite（盡管）thechallenges，ourteamtakeanoptimisticattitudetoourwork.2.Thedesignreducestheneedfortraditionalairconditioningandheatingsystems（系統(tǒng)），sothebuildinguseslessenergyandcostslesstorun.3.TheareawhereIgrewuphasbeenallmodernizedandhaslostallitsoldcharacter（特點(diǎn)）.4.Shehassuchapositiveattitudetowardslifethatsheisnotafraidtofaceanyunexpectedchallenge.5.Examsarenottheonlymeansofassessingastudent’sability，whichisaffectedbymanyfactors.6.Thepeopleofthiscountrywillcontinueintheirstruggleforindependence.7.Tofightagainstglobalwarming，scientistsareworkingonenergysavingmeasurestoreducefuelconsumption.8.Thisisaverydifficultpieceofmusictoplay—itdemandsalotofconcentration.9.TheGreatWall，asymbolofChina，isamustseeattractionfortouristsfromhomeandabroad.10.NightShiningWhite，nowkeptinNewYork’sMetropolitanMuseumofArt，isregardedasoneofthemostsignificanthorsepaintingsinthehistoryofChineseart.Ⅱ.用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Referringtotherelatedreferencematerial，youwillfinishthetasksmoothly.（refer）2.Heexpressedhisappreciation（appreciate）formyshowinghimaroundthecity，andsaidthecitywasbeautifulbeyonddescription（describe）.3.Therearevarious/variedgoodsinthesupermarket，andtherichvarietyattractsmanycustomers.Besides，thepriceisquitereasonable，varyingfromcentstodollars.（vary）4.Basicallyspeaking，theoryisbasedonpractice，somakesureyourplancanbecarriedoutonapracticalbasis.（base）5.Thegoodthingaboutourbossisthatsheregardsusallasequals，andwearetreatedequallyintheworkplace.（equal）6.Mostpeopleagreethatthereisacauseeffectrelationbetweenobesityandunhealthyeating.Inotherwords，yourhealthisrelatedtowhatyoueat.（relate）7.Themajority（major）ofapplicantsthoughtthejobwasdemanding（demand），buttheystillwantedtohaveatry.Ⅲ.用方框內(nèi)短語的適當(dāng)形式完成句子refertorelatetodatebacktoupsanddownstakeondependon1.PeoplespeakEnglishindifferentpartsoftheworld.Thesamewordscanbeusedindifferentways，dependingonwhereyoulive.2.Thewriterandprofessor，whomIreferredtoatthemeeting，isfamousfortheseexcellentworks.3.Inthepasttenyears，greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmylovelyhometown，makingittakeonanewlook.4.It’smonthatwemayexperiencesomeupsanddownsonourwaytobeinganadult.Butallofthemaresuretomakeusbetterandstronger.5.Inanarticle，eachtopicsentenceshouldrelatetothetitle.6.InourvillagestoodatempledatingbacktotheTangDynasty.Ⅳ.句式仿寫1.清晨早起對(duì)我們的健康非常有益。（"beof＋名詞"結(jié)構(gòu)）Gettingupearlyinthemorningisofgreatbenefittoourhealth.2.起初我以為我明白了老師說的話，但是他越解釋我就變得越迷惑。（themore...，themore...）AtfirstIthoughtIunderstoodwhatmyteachersaid，butthemoreheexplained，themoreconfusedIbecame.3.不管畢業(yè)后我去哪里，我都會(huì)珍惜我們的友誼并且永遠(yuǎn)想念你。（nomatterwhere引導(dǎo)狀語從句）NomatterwhereIgoaftergraduation，Iwillcherishourfriendshipandmissyouforever.4.如果你在公眾演講方面有困難，請(qǐng)盡管找我?guī)兔Α＃╤avetroublewithsth.）Ifyouhavetroublewithpublicspeaking，pleasefeelfreetoturntomeforhelp.5.你需要對(duì)每一本小說作出客觀的評(píng)價(jià)，并且解釋你推薦它們的原因。（thereasonwhy...）Youneedtomakeobjectivementsoneachnovelandexplainthereasonwhyyouremendthem.1.What’syournativelanguage？MymothertongueisChinese.NomatterwhereIlive，IregardChinesecharactersasthemostbeautifulwords.OneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.Atthebeginning，writtenChinesewasbasedonpictures.Itdatesbacktotheuseofanimalbonesandshellsonwhichsymbolswerecarved.Astimewentby，varietiesofcharacterswereformed.AfterEmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajorstatesintooneunifiedcountry，theChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.Inmoderntimes，writtenChinesehasbeeanimportantmeansofconnectingthepresentwiththepast.Besides，asChinaplaysagreaterroleinglobalaffairs，moreforeignersbegintoappreciateChineseculture.2.Tolearnaspecificforeignlanguagewelldemandsawidevocabulary，whichisreallyastruggleformanylearnersthoughmostofthetimetheycanrefertoadictionary.However，frommypointofview，despitethegreatdifficulty，learninganotherlanguageisagoodthing，throughwhichwecanreadothercountries’classicsandlearndifferentculturesofequalbeauty.1basevt.以……為據(jù)點(diǎn)；把（總部等）設(shè)在；以……為基礎(chǔ)n.底部；根據(jù)1.[外研選必③－4]Thetechnologyyou’reusingandenjoyingtodayisabasic（base）formofAIwhichcan’tthinkindependentlywithoutprogramming.2.[北師選必③－8]Histravelswerethebasis（base）forhisworksofmorethan2，000poems，ofwhichapproximately1，800arestillreadtoday.3.為了鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生定期鍛煉，我們學(xué)校特舉辦此次活動(dòng)。 （活動(dòng)目的）Toencouragestudentstoexerciseonaregularbasis，ourschoolspeciallyholdsthisactivity.4.Thenovelwasbasedonaninterestingstoryandithadalargeaudience.Basedonaninterestingstory，thenovelhadalargeaudience.（分詞作狀語）★bebasedon/upon以……為基礎(chǔ)；依據(jù)……★basisn.基礎(chǔ)，根據(jù)，基準(zhǔn)onthebasisof根據(jù)onadaily/regularbasis每天/定期★basicadj.基本的，基礎(chǔ)的2meansn.方式；方法；途徑1.[外研選必①－2]Ihonourendurance，perseverance，industry，talent；becausethesearethemeansbywhichmenachievegreatends...句意：我崇敬耐力、毅力、勤奮、才能；因?yàn)檫@些是人類達(dá)到偉大目的的方式……2.Everymeanshasbeentried（try），butwestillcan’tfindapossiblesolution.（1）means單復(fù)數(shù)同形，同類的名詞還有deer（鹿），sheep（綿羊），species（物種），Chinese，Japanese等。（2）means作主語，由every，each等修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；由all，several，many等修飾時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。3.要想學(xué)好漢語，就不要害怕跟當(dāng)?shù)厝藴贤ǎ挥羞@樣你才能取得進(jìn)步。 （建議信）TolearnChinesewell，youshouldn’tbeafraidtomunicatewithlocalpeople，andonlybythismeanscanyoumakeprogress（means）.★ameansof（doing）sth.（做）某事的方法（means單復(fù)數(shù)同形）★bymeansof用；依靠；通過byallmeans當(dāng)然可以（口語）bynomeans決不；一點(diǎn)也不（位于句首，句子要部分倒裝）★用這種方法：bythismeans，inthisway，inthismanner，withthismethod3regardn.尊重；關(guān)注vt.把……視為；看待1.[外研選必②－5]Someoftheplantsandanimalshavesurvivedmillionsofyears，andareregardedaslivingfossils.2.[人教選必③－3]Dozensofpollutingenterpriseswereclosedormoved.Thelocalgovernmentsetupstrictregulationsregarding（regard）furtherindustrialdevelopment.（1）regarding是介詞，意為"關(guān)于"。近年的考情如下：☆[2022北京]RegardingJohnson’sconcerns，theauthorfeelssympathetic.☆[2021新高考Ⅰ]Althoughpopularbeliefsregardingemotionalintelligencerunfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport，theoveralleffects...（2）與此用法類似的是concern（v.涉及，使擔(dān)憂）→concerning（prep.關(guān)于，涉及），include（v.包括）→including（prep.包括……在內(nèi)）3.漢字被認(rèn)為是中國文化的代表，具有特別重要的地位。 （中國文化）→①ChinesecharactersareregardedastherepresentativeofChinesecultureandenjoyaparticularlyimportantposition.→②RegardedastherepresentativeofChineseculture，Chinesecharactersenjoyaparticularlyimportantposition.（分詞短語作狀語）★regard/lookon/consider/view...as...把……視為……★giveregardstosb.向某人致意in/withregardto關(guān)于★regardingprep.關(guān)于4appreciatevt.欣賞；重視；感激（begrateful）；領(lǐng)會(huì)，意識(shí)到（realize）vi.增值1.結(jié)合語境寫出下列句子中畫線部分的詞性及含義①[譯林必修③－3]Bestofall，Ibegantoappreciatethebeautyinlifewithmyowneyes，insteadofthroughmysmartphonecamera. vt.欣賞②Wehaven’tfullyappreciatedthattherearemanymisunderstandingsbecauseoflanguagebarriers. vt.領(lǐng)會(huì)，意識(shí)到③Ican’tthankhimenoughforsharingtheexperienceandmakingmeappreciatethefamilymemberswhohavemademethepersonwhoIam. vt.感激2.[人教選必②－1]Hisdeepappreciation（appreciate）forartoftengavehiminspirationinhisscientificresearch.3.Ireallyappreciatehimoffering（offer）tohelpme，butIamsurethatIwillbeabletofinishthistaskbymyself.4.如果你能給我一些實(shí)用的建議，我將不勝感激。（appreciate） （求助信）Iwouldappreciateitifyoucouldgivemesomepracticalsuggestions.★appreciate（sb./sb’s）doingsth.感激（某人）做某事Iwouldappreciateitif...假如……，我將不勝感激。★appreciationn.欣賞；感激express/conveyone’sappreciationtosb.表達(dá)對(duì)某人的感激之情5equaln.同等的人；相等物adj.相同的；同樣的vt.比得上，敵得過1.Allmenarebornequal.Manywomenareequaltoanychallengejustasmen，sotheyhopetobetreatedequally（equal）inthejobmarket，whichIbelieveisanunstoppablesocialtrend.2.要積極向上、心情愉快，因?yàn)槟愕男睦斫】岛蜕眢w健康同等重要。Bepositiveandcheerful，foryourmentalhealthisofequalimportancetoyourphysicalhealth.（beof＋抽象名詞）3.我確信我可以勝任做中國文化展的志愿者。 （申請(qǐng)信）I’mconvincedthatI’mequaltobeingavolunteerfortheChineseCultureExhibition.（beequalto）★beequaltosth./doingsth.等于/勝任（做）某事equalsb./sth.in（doing）sth.在（做）某事上比得過、敵得過某人/物bewithoutequal＝havenoequal無與倫比★equallyadv.平等地，同樣地equalityn.平等，相等6demandn.要求；需要vi.查問vt.強(qiáng)烈要求；需要1.[譯林選必③－2]Theroutinetasksthatoccupymostofthedayaredemanding（demand），buttheycanalsobeextremelyrewarding.2.WiththeEnglishcontestapproaching，thereisanurgentneedforaforeignjudge. （求助信）→WiththeEnglishcontestapproaching，aforeignjudgeisingreatdemand.（用demand改寫畫線部分）3.該俱樂部要求其成員能講至少兩門外語。 （通知）Theclubdemandsthatallitsmembers（should）speakatleasttwoforeignlanguages.4.這門課程很適合你，它能滿足你作為初學(xué)者的所有需求。 （建議信）Thiscourseisfitforyou，anditcansatisfy/meetallyourdemandsasabeginner.★bein（great）demand（迫切）需求meet/satisfyone’sdemands滿足某人的需求★要求做某事：demandtodosth.demandthat...（should）dosth.（從句用虛擬語氣）★demandingadj.要求高的，費(fèi)力的，難滿足的7referto指的是；提到（mention）；查閱；描述（describe）1.結(jié)合語境寫出下列句子中畫線部分的含義①Inallwalksoflife，whenreferringtosomeone’ssuccess，weoftenusethewords"effortsanddetermination".提到②ThecustommaydatebacktotheTangDynasty；fordetailedinformation，refertothebook. 查閱referto表示"查閱，參考"時(shí)，其后接所查的工具書或資料，如詞典、筆記、參考書等；lookup也可表示"查閱"，其后接需要查找的對(duì)象，常用于"lookupsth.in.../looksth.upin..."結(jié)構(gòu)。如：Ifyoudon’tknowwhatitmeans，refertothedictionary.＝Ifyoudon’tknowwhatitmeans，lookitupinthedictionary.如果你不知道它的意思，去查詞典。③[人教選必③－3]The"natural"greenhouseeffectreferstothefactthatheatfromthesunenterstheatmosphereandwarmsEarth’ssurfaceasshortwaveradiation. 指的是2.我給你寫信是要談?wù)勀闾岢龅年P(guān)于如何學(xué)好漢語的問題。 （建議信）Iamwritingwith/inreferencetoyourquestiononhowtolearnChinesewell.（reference）★referto...as...將……稱為……★referencen.提及，涉及；查閱，參考；推薦信with/inreferenceto（所述內(nèi)容）關(guān)于……referencebooks/materials參考書/參考資料8dateback（to...）追溯到1.Ofcourse，showingrespectandadmirationtoeldersisaChinesetraditiondating（date）backtoancienttimes.2.Thetouristattractionliestotheeastofmyvillageanditdatesfromthe15thcentury. （景點(diǎn)介紹）→①Thetouristattractionwhich/thatdatesfromthe15thcenturyliestotheeastofmyvillage.（定語從句）→②Thetouristattractiondatingfromthe15thcenturyliestotheeastofmyvillage.（分詞短語作定語）3.[外研必修②－4]京?。≒ekingOpera）可以追溯到18世紀(jì)，已經(jīng)有200多年的歷史。 （中國文化）Datingbacktothe18thcentury，PekingOperahasovertwohundredyearsofhistory.（分詞作狀語）★datebackto＝datefrom＝gobackto，三者均沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，常用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，作定語或狀語時(shí)常用ving形式?！飀atebackto和datefrom后接時(shí)間點(diǎn)，dateback后接時(shí)間段，可以與goback互換。9beof＋抽象名詞1.[譯林必修①－1]Ofequalimportancearegoodstudyhabits，usefulskillsandapositiveattitude.該句為倒裝句，表語提前是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)且避免頭重腳輕。正常語序?yàn)椋篏oodstudyhabits，usefulskillsandapositiveattitudeareofequalimportance.2.Aharmoniousfamilyisbeneficialtoachild’sallrounddevelopment.→Aharmoniousfamilyisofbenefittoachild’sallrounddevelopment.（beof＋抽象名詞）3.在我看來，下面這些建議可能對(duì)你有用。 （建議信）AsfarasIamconcerned，thefollowingsuggestionsmaybeofhelptoyou.（beof＋抽象名詞）beofcolor/age/size/shape/kind/quality不能轉(zhuǎn)化為同根形容詞，常在句中作表語或后置定語。這類名詞前常用different，thesame，this，that等來修飾或說明。如：Choosefoodsofdifferentcolors.Theyareofthesameage.★"beof＋抽象名詞"相當(dāng)于"be＋該名詞的同根形容詞"。常見的抽象名詞有importance，value，use，help，benefit，significance等，這些名詞前可用great，little，much等修飾，以說明程度。10the＋比較級(jí)...，the＋比較級(jí)...1.Therearelotsofwaystoattractothers’attentioninameeting.Usually，thestranger（strange）theideais，themoreitgetsnoticed.2.從這次活動(dòng)中，我們認(rèn)識(shí)到健身是非常重要的。我們鍛煉得越多，就會(huì)越健康。（感悟升華）Fromthisactivity，wehaverealizedthatbuildingupourbodyisofgreatimportance.Andthemoreexercisewetake，thehealthierwewillbe.3.Ifyouknowmoreaboutourtraditionalculture，you’llbemoreinterestedinit. （推薦信）Themoreyouknowaboutourtraditionalculture，themoreinterestedinityou’llbe.（用"the＋比較級(jí)...，the＋比較級(jí)..."升級(jí)）★"the＋比較級(jí)...，the＋比較級(jí)..."意為"越……，就越……"，主從句的兩個(gè)謂語是同時(shí)進(jìn)行的，表示一方隨另一方程度的變化而變化?！飶慕Y(jié)構(gòu)上看，第一個(gè)"the＋比較級(jí)..."是表示條件的狀語從句（在表示將來意義時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來）；第二個(gè)"the＋比較級(jí)..."是主句。前綴sub通過構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)單詞在語境中的詞性及含義。1.RussiasenttwosmallsubmarinestoplantatinynationalflagundertheNorthPoleyearsagoandthentheracetosecuresubsurfacerightstotheArctichottedup. n.潛水艇；adj.地下的2.Themaintitleandsubtitleforthegrapharedrawninthecenteroftheimage. n.副標(biāo)題3.Themindbodyconnectionissuchthatif，forexample，wewanttoavoidsomething，veryoftenoursubconsciousmindwillarrangeit. adj.下意識(shí)的，潛意識(shí)的Ⅰ.語法填空——詞形轉(zhuǎn)換、固定搭配、易錯(cuò)動(dòng)詞變形1.[2023新高考Ⅱ]YellowstoneNationalParkoffersavariety（vary）ofrangerprogramsthroughoutthepark，andthroughouttheyear.Thefollowingaredescriptions（describe）oftherangerprogramsthissummer.thefollowing作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞與其后談及的人、事物的單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。該句第二空前是are，因此空處應(yīng)用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。2.[2022全國甲]Knowingsometipswillhelpensurethatyouhaveanenjoyablemealwithfriendsorfamily—nomatterwhereyouareintheworld.3.[2022新高考Ⅱ]"Bigchangerequiresbigideas，"hesaidinaspeechlastmonth，referring（refer）broadlytotheneedtoimproveroadsafety.4.[2022北京]Theresult—anapproachknownassystemsthinking—isnowseenasessentialinmeetingglobal（globe）challenges.5.[2022浙江1月]MychoicesarebasedonthelifestyleIwant.6.[2021新高考Ⅰ]ThequalityoflifeinFranceisequally（equal）excellent.7.[2021全國乙]Ecotourismismonlyregardedaslowimpact（影響）traveltoundisturbedplaces.8.[2020浙江]Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating（刺激），demanding（demand）jobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.（1）demanding描述工作或任務(wù)等時(shí)表示"要求高的，需要高技能的，費(fèi)力的"。近年來考情如下：☆[2020全國Ⅰ]Likerunning，racewalkingisphysicallydemanding，shesays.（2）demanding描述人時(shí)表示"要求極嚴(yán)的，苛求的，難滿足的"。近年來考情如下：☆[2020浙江1月]Authoritativeparentingisnotauthoritarian：rigid，demandingorcontrolling.權(quán)威型父母并不專制：固執(zhí)、苛求、控制欲強(qiáng)。9.[北京高考]Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudeto/towardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend...10.[江蘇高考]Theextensivecollectionconsistsofmasterworksinsculpture，coloredglass，andpreciousobjectsfromEuropedating（date）fromaboutthe9thtothe15thcentury.Ⅱ.閱讀理解——一詞多義、熟詞生義1.A.adj.重大的，大的 B.adj.主要的，重要的C.n.專業(yè)課①[2023全國乙]Apartfromtheknowledgeandskillsrelatedtomymajor，I’mreallygoodwithputers. C②[2022全國乙]Selectedfromcollectionsthroughouttheworld，itisthefirstmajorexhibitionofhisworktobeheldinoverfortyyears. A③[2022浙江1月]WithhelpfromTesla，Westinghouse’sfirmdevelopedasystemusingalternatingcurrent（交流電），whichsoonbecamethemajorformofpowerdelivery. Bmajor除了作名詞和形容詞外，還可以作動(dòng)詞，表示"主修，專攻"，常與in連用。例：HeinspiresmetomajorinEnglishincollegeandtobeabridgebetweenChinaandtheworld.他激勵(lì)我在大學(xué)里主修英語，成為連接中國和世界的橋梁。2.A.n.同等的人 B.v.導(dǎo)致，結(jié)果為C.adj.相同的①[2023新高考Ⅰ]Thekeyfindingofthestudywasthatwhencrowdswerefurtherdividedintosmallergroupsthatwereallowedtohaveadiscussion，theaveragesfromthesegroupsweremoreaccuratethanthosefromanequalnumberofindependentindividuals. C②[2022北京]Moretakeoutandmorefooddeliveryequalmorewaste，especiallyplasticwaste. B③[2021全國甲]Irespectmymothersomuchasshenevertreatsmeasachild，butasanequal. A句①句意：這項(xiàng)研究的關(guān)鍵發(fā)現(xiàn)是，當(dāng)人群被進(jìn)一步分成更小的組，并且允許進(jìn)行討論的時(shí)候，這些小組得出的平均值比同樣數(shù)量的獨(dú)立個(gè)體的平均值更準(zhǔn)確。句②中equal的含義與leadto或resultin相似。3.[2023新高考Ⅱ]Thesescenesmayhavebeenpaintedhundredsofyearsago，buttheyrecordmomentswecanallrelateto. 理解，產(chǎn)生共鳴句意：這些場(chǎng)景可能是數(shù)百年前繪制的，但它們記錄了我們都能感同身受的時(shí)刻。4.[全國Ⅲ]ThefilmclassicTheLastPictureShowwasthelastmovieshownintheoldtheater.n.經(jīng)典作品，杰作Ⅲ.寫作——基礎(chǔ)寫作、讀后續(xù)寫寫作一基礎(chǔ)寫作——課外英語學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)[2022全國乙]學(xué)校英文報(bào)正在開展以LearningEnglishBeyondtheClassroom為題的討論。請(qǐng)使用圖表中的調(diào)查結(jié)果寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)狀況描述；2.簡(jiǎn)單評(píng)論；3.你的建議?！?qū)懽饕c(diǎn)1.學(xué)生在課堂之外采用各種各樣的方法學(xué)習(xí)英語。（variety，means）StudentsadoptawidevarietyofmeanstolearnEnglishbeyondtheclassroom.2.雖然從某種程度上來說，不同的方法重要性都一樣，但大部分學(xué)生選擇聽英語歌曲。（equal）Thoughdifferentmethodsareofequalimportancetosomedegree，themajorityofthestudentschoosetolistentoEnglishsongs.3.50％的學(xué)生欣賞英語電影，只有18％的學(xué)生讀英語書籍，12％的學(xué)生瀏覽英語學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站。（appreciate）50％ofthestudentsappreciateEnglishmovies，only18％readEnglishbooksand12％visitEnglishlearningwebsites.4.雖然學(xué)生的需求不同，但多虧了現(xiàn)代科技的發(fā)展，不管學(xué)生喜歡如何學(xué)習(xí)英語，最后都能滿意。（despite，demand，nomatterhow）Despitethestudents’differentdemands，thankstothedevelopmentofmoderntechnology，nomatterhowtheyliketolearnEnglish，theycanbesatisfiedeventually.5.在我看來，學(xué)生應(yīng)該花更多的時(shí)間讀英語書籍，瀏覽英語學(xué)習(xí)網(wǎng)站。（pointofview）Frommypointofview，studentsshouldspendmoretimereadingEnglishbooksandvisitingEnglishlearningwebsites.◎連句成篇請(qǐng)運(yùn)用恰當(dāng)?shù)倪B接詞將以上寫作要點(diǎn)串聯(lián)成一篇語意連貫的短文。LearningEnglishBeyondtheClassroomTherearemanythingswecandotolearnEnglishwell.Asthechartshows，studentsadoptawidevarietyofmeanstolearnEnglishbeyondtheclassroom.Thoughdifferentmethodsareofequalimportancetosomedegree，themajorityofthestudents—65％—choosetolistentoEnglishsongs.50％ofthestudentsappreciateEnglishmovies，only18％readEnglishbooksand12％visitEnglishlearningwebsites.Despitethestudents’differentdemands，thankstothedevelopmentofmoderntechnology，nomatterhowtheyliketolearnEnglish，theycanbesatisfiedeventually.Frommypointofview，studentsshouldspendmoretimereadingEnglishbooksandvisitingEnglishlearningwebsites.Bythismeans，theycaneffectivelyenrichtheirEnglishvocabularyandknowledge.寫作二讀后續(xù)寫——情感描寫之激動(dòng)與興奮積累背誦仿寫運(yùn)用單詞excited，exciting，excitement，thrill，thrilled非常興奮的，thrilling令人興奮不已的根據(jù)左欄素材完成下列各句1.得知自己被夢(mèng)想的大學(xué)錄取，他高興極了。Hearingthathehasbeenacceptedbyhisdreamuniversity，hefeelsontopoftheworld.2.一個(gè)大膽而又創(chuàng)新的想法出現(xiàn)在腦海里，這使他感到一陣激動(dòng)。Adaringandinnovativeideacameintohismind，whichmadehimfeelathrill/waveofexcitement.3.看到這么多可愛的動(dòng)物在面前，我們都興奮地上蹦下跳。Seeingsomanylovelyanimalsinfrontofus，wewerealljumpingupanddownwithexcitement.4.許久未見的老友突然出現(xiàn)在眼前，我激動(dòng)得說不出來話，跑上前去緊緊抱住她。TheoldfriendwhomIhadn’tseenforalongtimeappearedsuddenlyinfrontofmyeyes，Iwasexcitedbeyondwords，andrantohughertightly.詞組1.ontopoftheworld高興極了2.beexcitedbeyondwords激動(dòng)得說不出話來3.jumpupanddownwithexcitement興奮地上蹦下跳4.breakintolaughter突然大笑起來5.givesb.athrill使某人激動(dòng)6.athrill/waveofexcitement一陣激動(dòng)佳句1.Theboystopped，hisheartpounding/thumpingwithexcitementandanticipation.男孩停住了腳步，他的心怦怦直跳，充滿了興奮和期待。2.Whenthehostannouncedthatshewontheprize，hereyestwinkledwithexcitement.當(dāng)主持人宣布她獲獎(jiǎng)時(shí)，她的眼睛閃爍著激動(dòng)的光芒。3.Herheartwasbeatinglikeafreedbirdassheleaneddownandgatheredthegiftstoherbreast.當(dāng)她俯下身子將禮物抱在胸前時(shí)，她的心就像獲得自由的小鳥一樣跳動(dòng)著。一、閱讀理解A[2024遼寧本溪一模]WhenImentionedtosomefriendsthatweallhaveaccents，mostofthemproudlyreplied，"Well，IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/..."Butthiskindofresponsemissesthepoint.Moreoftenthannot，whatwemeanwhenwesaysomeone"hasanaccent"isthattheiraccentisdifferentfromthelocalone.We’reusuallytalkingaboutpronunciationsdifferentfromourown.Butthisdefinitionofaccentsislimitingandcouldgiverisetoprejudice.Everypersonspeakswithanaccent.Itistheregulardifferencesinhowweproducesoundsthatdefineouraccents.Evenifyoudon’thearityourself，youspeakwithsomesortofaccent.Inthissense，it’spointlesstopointoutthatsomeone"hasanaccent".Wealldo！Everypersonspeaksadialect（方言），too.Adialectisaversionofalanguagethatischaracterizedbyitsvariationsofstructures，phrasesandwords.Forinstance，"Yougoteatornot？"（meaning"Haveyoueaten？"）isanacceptableandunderstoodquestioninSingaporeOralEnglish.ThefactthatthisexpressionwouldcauseastandardAmericanEnglishspeakertotakepausedoesn’tmeanthatSingaporeOralEnglishis"wrong"or"ungrammatical".Thesentenceiswellformedandeasytounderstand，accordingtonativeSingaporeEnglishspeakers’solidsystemofgrammar.Whyshoulditbewrongjustbecauseit’sdifferent？Weneedtomovebeyondanarrowconceptionofaccentsanddialects—forthebenefitofeveryone.Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsintopeople’sculturalexperiencesandbackgrounds.Inaglobalage，thewayonespeaksisadistinctpartofone’sidentity.Mostpeoplewouldbehappytotalkabouttheculturesbehindtheirspeech.We’dlearnmoreabouttheworldweliveinandmakefriendsalongtheway.本文主要講述了口音指的是什么、口音存在的普遍性以及口音的價(jià)值所在?！驹~語積累】limitingadj.局限的，限制的，限制性的giveriseto使發(fā)生，引起pointlessadj.無意義的conceptionn.理解1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhisfriends’responseinparagraph1？A.Itreflectstheirselfconfidence.B.Itreflectstheirlanguagelevels.C.Itmissesthepointofmunication.D.Itmissestherealmeaningofaccents.解析D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第一段中的"Well，IspeakperfectEnglish/Chinese/..."和第二段中的"whatwemeanwhenwesaysomeone...fromthelocalone"可知，作者的朋友的回答很明顯誤解了"口音"的真正含義，故D項(xiàng)正確。2.WhydoestheauthorusetheexampleofSingaporeOralEnglish？A.Tojustifytheuseofdialects.B.Toshowthediversityofdialects.C.Tocorrectagrammaticalmistake.D.Tohighlightatraditionalapproach.解析A推理判斷題。舉例一般是為了說明上文中提到的較為抽象或晦澀的概念。例子是針對(duì)"Adialectisaversionofalanguagethatischaracterizedbyitsvariationsofstructures，phrasesandwords"而舉的，再結(jié)合第三段最后一句可推知，A項(xiàng)正確。3.Whatdoestheauthorremendustodointhelastparagraph？A.Learntospeakourlocaldialect.B.Seekforanofficialdefinitionofaccents.C.Appreciatethevalueofaccentsanddialects.D.Distinguishourlocallanguagesfromothers’.解析C推理判斷題。由最后一段中的"Languagedifferencesliketheseprovideinsightsinto...makefriendsalongtheway"可知，語言的差異會(huì)讓我們了解人們的文化經(jīng)歷和背景，了解我們居住的世界，并幫助我們結(jié)交朋友。由此可以推斷，作者建議我們要懂得欣賞口音和方言的價(jià)值，故C項(xiàng)正確。4.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthispassage？A.EveryoneHasanAccentB.AccentsEnhanceOurIdentityC.DialectsLeadtoMisunderstandingD.StandardEnglishIsatRisk解析A標(biāo)題歸納題。本文第一段引出口音這個(gè)話題；第二段講述了對(duì)口音的正確理解，并指出每個(gè)人都有口音；第三段講到了每個(gè)人都會(huì)講方言，并以新加坡英語口語為例說明使用方言是正當(dāng)?shù)?；第四段講到了口音和方言的價(jià)值所在，并鼓勵(lì)讀者學(xué)會(huì)欣賞口音和方言，故A項(xiàng)"每個(gè)人都有口音"適合做本文的標(biāo)題。B[中華文化/2023寧夏銀川質(zhì)量檢測(cè)]Forthepastthreedecades，RichardSearshasbeendedicatedtoonething：tellingthestoriesbehindChinesecharacters.HisinterestinChineselanguageandcharactersdatesbackto1972，whenhewasa22yearoldphysicsmajoratPortlandStateUniversityinOregon.Hesaid，"Irealizedonly7percentoftheworldspeaksEnglishasamothertongue.Iwonderedwhatitwasliketospeakanotherlanguage."By1990，SearshadalreadybeenafluentChinesespeaker，buthedidnotknowhowtoread.ToSears，thecharacterswereplexwithmanystrokes（筆畫）andalmostnoapparentlogic.Searssaid，"Iamaphysicist，soIdon’tlikeblindmemorizationinlearninglanguages.IknewthatChinesecharacterscamefrompictographs（象形文字）andIwantedtoknowthestoriesbehindthem."Intheprocessofhisstudy，Searssoonrealizedthatmanyoftheexplanationscouldnotpossiblybetrue.Topickoutthegoodones，hedecidedtoputerizethecharacters，andthenscannedabout96，000ancientcharacters.Thedatabaseofancientcharacterscameintobeing，buthewantedtoexplainthestepbystepevolutionofthesecharactersfromtheoriginalpictographstothemodernsimplifiedforms.Hethengothiswebsiteupin2002andnameditChineseEtymology（詞源），whereviewerscancheckforfreetheevolutionofChinesecharactersinvariousforms.Between2002and2011，thewebsitegot11，000or15，000hitsaday.Suddenly，inJanuary，2011，clickstothewebsitewentupto600，000withinoneday.OvernighthebecameUncleHanzi，anicknamegivenbyChinesenetizens，afteroneofthemsharedhiswebsiteonChinesesocialmedia.Besidesthewebsite，inSeptemberlastyear，Searssetuphisstudio，whichfocusesonapplyingAR，animationandartificialintelligencetotellingstoriesofChinesecultureandcharacterorigins，inNanjingaspartofthelocalauthority’splantocultivatetalentintheculturesector."Theyhavebothentertainmentvaluefortheyoungandeduc