北京牛堡屯中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高一英語測試題含解析

北京牛堡屯中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年高一英語測試題含解析一、選擇題1.Inthecharacter-trainingofchildren，whatreally______

iswhattheirparentssayanddo.A．matters

B．caresC．considers

D．minds參考答案：A句意為：在培養(yǎng)孩子性格的過程中，真正重要的是父母的言行。matter表示“要緊，重要”，符合句意。care在乎；consider考慮；mind介意。2.—Didyouenjoytheparty?—Yes.We_____wellbyourhosts.A.weretreated B.wouldbetreated C.treated D.hadtreated參考答案：A3.Astheglobaleconomydoesn’thaveagoodtime,graduatesnowadayshavetofightforjobsina________competitivemarket.A.logically

B.fiercely

C.magically

D.confidently

參考答案：B4.

Inordertofind____betterjob,hedecidedtostudy_____secondforeignlanguage.A.the;a

B.a;a

C.the;the

D.a;the參考答案：B5.Everypossiblemeans________topreventtheairpollution，buttheskyisstillnotclear.A．isused

B．a(chǎn)reusedC．hasbeenused

D．havebeenused參考答案：C句意為：為了防止空氣污染，每種可能的辦法都試過了，但是天空還是不晴朗。means意為“辦法，方法”，單復(fù)數(shù)同形，因為此處有every修飾，故應(yīng)看作單數(shù)；由句意可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，故選C項。6.Isthisthegirl____Icanturnforhelp?Isshegoodatthissubject?

A.who

B.towhom

C.withwhom

D.whom參考答案：B7.Itseemsthatlivinggreenis__________easyandaffordable.Asmallstepmakesabigdifference.A.exactly

B.fortunately

C.surprisingly

D.hardly參考答案：C略8.Isuggested______thisSundayafternoon,buttheydisagreed.A.togoswimming

B.goswimmingC.goingswim

D.weswim參考答案：D9.．ItwaswhenIarrivedhome_____IrealizedIhadleftmybaginthelibrary.

A．what

B．becauseC．thatD．until參考答案：C略10.ColonelHarlandSanderswasthefounderofKFC,for_____lifewasfulloffailuresbeforehewassuccessful.A.whom

B.who

C.whose

D.his參考答案：A11.Afarmerclaimed_______arareSouthChinatigerinthewildwithadigitalcameralastyear,butitturnedouttobeadishonesttrick.A.tophotograph B.photographingC.tohavephotographed D.havingphotographed參考答案：C【詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：一位農(nóng)民聲稱去年曾用數(shù)碼相機拍攝過一只罕見的野生華南虎，但事實證明這是一個不誠實的詭計。claimtodo表示“聲稱做某事”，photograph這一動作發(fā)生在claimed之前，所以用不定式的完成式作賓語，故C項正確。12.He________toyourhome,becausehedidn'tknowyouraddress.A.musthavebeen

B.mustn'thavebeenC.couldn'thavebeen

D.mighthavebeen參考答案：C13.—Wouldyoulikesomebeef?—Yes,please．It’smyfavorite．Ithink

ismoredeliciousthanbeef．A．a(chǎn)nything

B．something

C．everything

D．nothing參考答案：D14.Thiskitchenisanon-smokingarea.Iwouldliketowarnyou___________thatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined.A.inadvance

B.inturn

C.inexchange

D.incase參考答案：A【詳解】句意：這個廚房是無煙區(qū)域。我想提前警告你：如果你在這里吸煙，會被罰款。A.inadvance提前；B.inturn輪流，反過來；C.inexchange作為交換；D.incase萬一。故選A項。15.Afterthehouseisbuilt,howmuchwillitcostto________?A.repair

B.rebuild

C.decorate

D.light參考答案：C16.Itisnouse

withouttakinganymeasures.

A.cry

B.crying

C.tocry

D.cried參考答案：17.Afterbeing______forafewminutesbyanaccident,thetrafficreturnedtonormal.

A.broken

B.rested

C.interrupted D.disturbed參考答案：C18.—It’sthefirsttimethatyou’vebeenhere,

?—Yes.Sobeautifulatown!Iloveit!A.hasn’tit B.haven’tyou C.aren’tyou D.isn’tit參考答案：D二、短文改錯19.短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）讀下面的短文，文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞。2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。3.必須按答題要求做題，否則不給分。參考答案：第一句：at改為in第二句：what改為that或去掉what第三句：在safe前加a第四句：what改為that第五句：unfortunate改為unfortunately第六句：realize改為realized第七句：dictionaries改為dictionary第八句：but改為and或so第九句：send改為sending第十二句：shall改為should略20.下面短文中有10處語言錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏詞符號（∧），并在其下面寫上該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者（從11處起）不計分。

Manyteenagersfeellonely,evenifnooneunderstandsthemandthechangestheyaregoingthrough.Daybyday,everythingseemsdifferently,yetthesame.Lifeneverseemstobegoingfastenough;yet,byotherways,likearacecar,lifeseemstoberushingsofasttoocontrol.Thesefeelingsareacommonpartofadolescence—thetimeoflifebetweenchildoradult.And,thoughitmaysometimesbedifficulttobelieve,youarenotalone—everyadulthavegonethroughadolescence,andyourfriendsaregoingthroughthemrightnowalongwithyou.Itiscommonforteenagerstofeellonelyandmisunderstood.Thesefeelingscanbebeingthoughtofasgrowingpains—difficultiesthatteenagersfaceduringtheygrowtoadults.參考答案：1.even改為as

2.differently改為different

3.by改為in

4.so改為too

5.or改為and6.have改為has

7.them改為it

8.去掉being

9.difficulties前加the

10.during改為when/as三、閱讀理解21.Travelisoneofthemostexcitingexperiencesahumanbeingcanhave.ImaginehowItaliantravelerMarcoPolomusthavefeltwhenhefoundhimselfonChinesesoil,seeingawayoflifequitedifferentfromanythinghe’dseenbefore.AndhowmarvelousmustithavebeentolistentoZhangQianwhenhereturnedtoChinafromhisjourneythroughCentralAsiaandWestAsia?Hisbrainmusthavebeenpackedwitheverythinghe’dseenandheard,leadingtothefoundingoftheSilkRoad.Somepeoplehavetraveledallovertheworld,andtravelisawayoflifetothem.Theyperhapsknowwhattoexpectbeforetheytravel.That’swhythebesttraveliswhenit’sforthefirsttime.ImagineapersonwhohasalwayswantedtotraveltotheUnitedStates.Ofcourse,they’veprobablyseentheStatueofLibertyathousandtimesonTV,andtheWhiteHouse,andalltheotherfamoussights.Butnoneofthatwouldcomparetothethrilloflookingoutofthecabinwindowastheplanelands,watchingthecitiesandstreetsoftherealAmericacomeintoview.Althoughtravelisoftenjustforrecreation,it’salsoeducational.Wemaynotknowthatwearegettinganeducation,butwestillare.We’relearningeveryday:newwordsinanewlanguage,newpeople,andnewwaysoflife.Butthislearningtakesplaceintheschooloftheworld,nottheclassroom.Oneofthelessonswelearnisundoubtedlyamoralone.Aswegettoknowforeignplaces,wecometounderstandthattherearemanydifferentwaystolive,andthatthewayweliveisn’tnecessarilythebestway.TheBritishpoliticianBenjaminDisraelisummedthisupwellwhenhesaid,“Travelteachestoleration.”27.TheauthorusesMarcoPoloandZhangQianasexamplesto

.A.explainhowtheSilkRoadwasfoundedB.presenttravelasanamazingexperienceC.showhowthewaypeopletravelhaschangedD.describeimportantculturalexchangesinhistory28.Bysaying“thebesttraveliswhenit’sforthefirsttime’’,theauthormeansthat

.A.one’sfirsttripisusuallythemostchallengingB.noothertripisbetterthanone’sfirsttripC.thereisalwaysmuchtolearnonone’sfirsttripD.peopleusuallymakebetterpreparationsfortheirfirsttrip29.Theunderlinedwordinparagraph4probablymeans

.A.learning B.knowledge C.fun D.risk30.Accordingtothelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorbelievesthat

.A.travelingshouldbeincludedinformaleducationB.travelingimprovespeople’sconfidenceintheirlifestyleC.aforeignjourneymayraisepeople’sculturalunderstandingD.thereismoretolearnfromadventuresthanbeinginclassrooms參考答案：27-30BBCC22.ResearchersattheUniversityofChicagohavetrainedanartificialintelligence(人工智能)system,towritefake(偽造的)reviews(評論)onYelp,awebsiteshowingcustomersreviewsonshoppingorsomethingelse,andit'sprettyhardtotellthemapartfromahumanreview.Theirstudy,whichwillbepresentedattheACMConferenceonComputerandCommunicationsSecurityinOctober,aimedtothrowattentionontohoweasilythesesystemscanwritereviewslikehumansandhowdamagingtheycanbecomeifthey’renotmonitoredproperly.Sincemanysmallbusinessesrelyononlinereviewstohelpgrowandkeeptheirreputation,afuturewheresomeone—likearivalorangrycustomer—couldcrazilyfilltheirpagewithnegativereviewswrittenbyamachineisprettyworrying.And,accordingtotheresearchteam,thethreatgoesfarbeyondabunchoffakereviewsonYelp.“Ingeneralthethreatisbigger,”BenY.Zhao.oneoftheauthorsofthestudy,said.“Ithinkthethreattowardssocietyislargeanditreallymisleadsusersandshakesourbeliefinwhatisrealandwhatisnot.Ithinkthat'sgoingtobeevenunimaginable.”Totesthowbelievablethesereviewscameacross,theresearchersinvited40volunteersandhadAIgeneratefivefakereviewsfor40actualrestaurants.Thevolunteerswereaskedhowusefultheythoughtthereviewwasandwhetherornottheythoughtitwasfake.TheAIreviewsrankedas“effectivelyindistinguishable”fromrealreviews，accordingtothestudy.Further,thefakereviewsweregivena3.15"usefulness"rating,comparedtoa3.28ratingforhumanreviews.32.Whatcanthenewartificialintelligencesystemdoaccordingtothepassage？A.Itcanhelptrainnewreviewers.B.Itcantelltherealreviewsfromthefakeones.C.Itcanwritehuman-likereviews.D.Itcaneasilydamagethebusinesses.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"rival''meaninthepassage?A.Apersonwhorespectsyoudeeply.B.Apersonwhocompeteswithyou.C.Apersonwholovestogivefakereviews.D.Apersonwhocancontrolyoufromdistance.34.WhatcanweinferfromBenY.Zhao'sremarks?A.Artificialintelligencecanputthesocietyindanger.B.TheartificialintelligenceisonlyusedbytheresearchersC.BenY.Zhaoisoptimisticaboutthefurtherdevelopmentofartificialintelligence.D.Theartificialintelligencewillhelppeopleshake.35.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.TipsSuggestionsonGivingReviews.B.HowtoTelltheFakeRe