第03講七選五專題

第03講七選五專題學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)內(nèi)容要求七選五1.段首題解題思路2.段中題解題思路3.段尾題解題思路知識(shí)講解知識(shí)講解閱讀七選五：設(shè)空類型一般有標(biāo)題類、段落主題句類、過渡句類、細(xì)節(jié)類;選項(xiàng)大多為完整句子,句型不一。閱讀補(bǔ)全以考查補(bǔ)全細(xì)節(jié)句為主,以考查過渡句、主旨句為輔。解題技巧：1.通過設(shè)題位置判斷(1)段首設(shè)空一般找能概括該段中心意思的選項(xiàng)。(2)段尾設(shè)空一般找能總結(jié)歸納該段的選項(xiàng)。段首、段中、段尾題在文中所起的作用可歸納為下表：挖空位置邏輯關(guān)系具體解讀段首題主旨句常以段落小標(biāo)題或主題句的形式出現(xiàn)。承上啟下句此空處的答案能夠?qū)⑸隙魏拖露蔚膬?nèi)容連貫起來。段中題例證關(guān)系前后的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式具有多樣性，思維過程基本是歸納(從例子到觀點(diǎn))和推理(從觀點(diǎn)到例子)。常見的表示例證關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有：forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords/thatistosay等。轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系若空格前后兩句之間是邏輯上的逆轉(zhuǎn)，則空格處很有可能表示轉(zhuǎn)折。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有：but,however,yet,while/though/although,or/otherwise,onthecontrary,instead,nevertheless(然而),still,incontrast/parison,byparison等。因果關(guān)系表示因果關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有：so,therefore,thus,

consequently(結(jié)果),asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat...等。遞進(jìn)關(guān)系若空格前后兩句之間是邏輯上的層進(jìn)關(guān)系，則空格處很有可能是個(gè)表示遞進(jìn)的句子。表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,likewise,similarly,what’smore,what’sworse,inaddition,aswell,tomakemattersworse,not...but...,notonly...butalso等。并列關(guān)系表示并列關(guān)系的標(biāo)志詞語有：and,first(ly),second(ly);first,then/next;tobeginwith,some

...others...;foronething,foranotherthing;then/next,finally/last等。段尾題總結(jié)句用于總結(jié)本段內(nèi)容，常含有總結(jié)性的詞語。承上啟下句此空處的答案能夠?qū)⑸隙魏拖露蔚膬?nèi)容連貫起來。2.通過標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)判斷當(dāng)設(shè)空處后為逗號(hào)且逗號(hào)后面的句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整時(shí)，可判斷該空應(yīng)為狀語從句。3.根據(jù)語境線索判斷語境線索主要指反映上下文關(guān)系的銜接手段，如篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、詞語重現(xiàn)、邏輯、連接、指代、同構(gòu)等。(1)“詞語重現(xiàn)”不僅指詞語的簡單出現(xiàn)，而且指某詞語可能以不同詞類、詞性、數(shù)、格、時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)等形式出現(xiàn)。

(2)“邏輯”指事物之間存在的必然的關(guān)系，包括時(shí)間先后關(guān)系、空間位置關(guān)系、因果關(guān)系、歸納總結(jié)關(guān)系、總分關(guān)系等。

(3)“指代”是指用代詞代替前文提到過的人物、事件、物品等，如

it，he，she，they等。

(4)“同構(gòu)”是指上下文使用同一結(jié)構(gòu)或類似的句子。課堂典例（2023·重慶·高二校考練習(xí)）Overthepastyears,countlessstudiesconductedhaveshownthepositiveeffectsthatlaughinghasonone’sphysicalandmentalhealth.Areyoureadytolaughmore?Belowyou’llfindfivewaystobringmorelaughterintoyourlife.Smilemore.Smilingisnotlaughing.____6____Whenyousmile,happychangesbegintotakeplacenaturally,bothinternallyandexternally.Inaddition,youcanthinkofsmilingasawarmupforlaughing.Learntolaughatyourself.Mostofustakeourselvestooseriously.____7____Learningtolaughatyourselftakessomeofthepressureoff.Youcanlookforthefunnysideofthings.Whenyou’reupsetaboutsomething,askyourself“Howisthissituationfunny?”Humorcaneventurnanegativeintoapositive.Sharestoriesfromthepast.Doyourememberonetimeinhighschoolthatyouandyourbestfriendworefalsehairandmatchingclothesaroundyourneighborhood?Or,howaboutwhenyourbestfriendsatonapaintedbenchbyaccident?____8____Takeupsomethingnew.Whenyoutrysomethingnew—whetherit’stodraworlearntorollerskate—youroriginalattemptswilllikelybeclumsy(笨拙的)andevenridiculous(荒謬的).____9____Sotakingupsomethingnewislikelytoresultinlaughs.____10____Weareheavilyinfluencedbythepeoplewearewith,sobyhangingoutwithfunnypeople,wecanaddmorelaughterintoourdays.Thatpositiveandsillyenergywillimmediatelyruboffon(感染)usanditcancauseustowanttofeelhappierandsillierthroughoutourdays.A．Thatisfunny.B．Ithasalotofbenefits.C．FollowfunnypeopleonTwitter.D．Surroundyourselfwithfunnypeople.E．Thesereminderscanmakeusfeelsillyandchildlike.F．Forbetterresults,thinkofafunnymomentfromthepast.G．Soourabilitytofindthehumorindifficultsituationscanbelimited.【答案】6．B

7．G

8．E

9．A

10．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了五種讓你的生活充滿歡笑的方法。6．根據(jù)前文“Smilingisnotlaughing.(微笑不是大笑)”以及后文“Whenyousmile,happychangesbegintotakeplacenaturally,bothinternallyandexternally.(當(dāng)你微笑時(shí)，快樂的變化開始自然發(fā)生，無論是內(nèi)在還是外在)”可知，空處是一個(gè)過渡句，起到連接前后文的作用，根據(jù)后文句意，可知是在講微笑的好處，所以B項(xiàng)“Ithasalotofbenefits.(它有很多好處)”符合文意。故選B項(xiàng)。7．根據(jù)本段首句“Learntolaughatyourself.(學(xué)會(huì)自嘲)”可知，本段主要講述不要對(duì)自己太嚴(yán)厲，再根據(jù)前文“Mostofustakeourselvestooseriously.(我們大多數(shù)人都太把自己當(dāng)回事了)”以及后文“Learningtolaughatyourselftakessomeofthepressureoff.(學(xué)會(huì)自嘲可以減輕一些壓力)”可知，空處應(yīng)該是對(duì)前句的進(jìn)一步解釋，所以G項(xiàng)“Soourabilitytofindthehumorindifficultsituationscanbelimited.(所以我們?cè)诶Ь持姓业接哪哪芰κ怯邢薜?”符合文意。故選G項(xiàng)。8．分析設(shè)空，空處位于段尾，應(yīng)是對(duì)本段前文的總結(jié)。根據(jù)前文“Sharestoriesfromthepast.Doyourememberonetimeinhighschoolthatyouandyourbestfriendworefalsehairandmatchingclothesaroundyourneighborhood?Or,howaboutwhenyourbestfriendsatonapaintedbenchbyaccident?(分享過去的故事。你還記得高中的時(shí)候，你和你最好的朋友戴著假發(fā)，穿著情侶裝在附近閑逛嗎?或者，當(dāng)你最好的朋友不小心坐在一張彩繪的長椅上?)”可知，E項(xiàng)“Thesereminderscanmakeusfeelsillyandchildlike.(這些提醒會(huì)讓我們覺得自己又傻又幼稚)”可知是對(duì)前文的總結(jié)。故選E項(xiàng)。9．根據(jù)前文“Whenyoutrysomethingnew—whetherit’stodraworlearntorollerskate—youroriginalattemptswilllikelybeclumsyandevenridiculous.(當(dāng)你嘗試新事物時(shí)——無論是畫畫還是學(xué)溜冰——你最初的嘗試很可能是笨拙的，甚至是荒謬的)”以及后文“Sotakingupsomethingnewislikelytoresultinlaughs.(所以學(xué)習(xí)新事物很可能會(huì)帶來笑聲)”可知，空處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)過渡句，所以A項(xiàng)“Thatisfunny.(這很有趣)”中that代指前文提到的最初的嘗試的事，符合文意。故選A項(xiàng)。10．分析設(shè)空，空處位于段首，應(yīng)該是本段的中心句，是對(duì)本段的高度總結(jié)，根據(jù)后文“Weareheavilyinfluencedbythepeoplewearewith,sobyhangingoutwithfunnypeople,wecanaddmorelaughterintoourdays.

Thatpositiveandsillyenergywillimmediatelyruboffonusanditcancauseustowanttofeelhappierandsillierthroughoutourdays.(和我們?cè)谝黄鸬娜藢?duì)我們的影響很大，所以和有趣的人一起出去玩，我們可以給我們的生活增添更多的笑聲。這種積極和愚蠢的能量會(huì)立即影響到我們，讓我們每天都想要更快樂、更傻)”可知本段主要講我們身邊的人，所以D項(xiàng)“Surroundyourselfwithfunnypeople.(和有趣的人在一起)”符合文意。故選D項(xiàng)。鞏固練習(xí)鞏固練習(xí)一、七選五（2324高二上·安徽馬鞍山·開學(xué)考試）Beinghealthyisimportant.Often,we’recrazyaboutarticlesinhealthmagazinestalkingaboutthelatestpopulardiets,oradvertisementsthatoffercures(療法)forfatnessthatareoftentoogoodtobetrue.Oneofthelatestcrazyphenomena(現(xiàn)象)isintermittentfasting(間歇性禁食).1Therearedifferentwaysofintermittentfasting.2Anothermonwayischoosingadietthatseespeopleonlyeatingduringalimitedpartoftheday,forexample,overeighthours.3Astudysuggestsintermittentfastingmayhelpcontrolbloodsugarandreducethepossibilityofsufferingrelateddisease.Otherstudieshaveshownintermittentfastingmayhelpslowtheageingprocess,supportbrainfunction,loseweight,etc.Somepeopletryintermittentfastingforweightmanagement,andothersusethemethodtodealwithsomeconditionssuchashighcholesterolorarthritis.4Fastingmightnotsuitthosewhoareunderweightorwithalongtermmedicalcondition.Fastingmaycausesomepeopletoexperiencesymptoms(癥狀)suchasheadachesormakethemeasilysufferfromovereatingafterareducedcalorieintake(熱量攝入)day.Aswithmanydiets,it’salwayswisetospeaktoyourdoctororweightlossprofessionalbeforechangingyoureatinghabits.And,attheendoftheday,itcouldjustedowntowhatlifestylechoicesuitsyou.5Ifnot,yourhealthmaysuffer.A．Butwhatisintermittentfasting?B．However,thisdietisn’tforeveryone.C．Intermittentfastinghastwomainorigins.D．Let’slookatsomeofthepossiblebenefits.E．Theideaofthisistoreducecaloriesoveraperiod.F．Inaword,youshouldavoidturningtointermittentfastingblindly.G．Youcaneatnormallyonfivedaysofaweekandreducecalorieintakeontheothertwo.【答案】1．E2．G3．D4．B5．F【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了間歇性飲食這一現(xiàn)象。1．上文“Oneofthelatestcrazyphenomena(現(xiàn)象)isintermittentfasting(間歇性禁食).(最近出現(xiàn)的一種瘋狂現(xiàn)象是間歇性禁食。)”引出間歇性禁食的話題，空處應(yīng)承接上文，可能說明這種飲食法的目的。E項(xiàng)中的“this”指代上文中的“intermittentfasting”，因此E項(xiàng)“Theideaofthisistoreducecaloriesoveraperiod.(這樣做的目的是在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)減少卡路里的攝入。)”符合語境。故選E。2．上文“Therearedifferentwaysofintermittentfasting.(間歇性禁食有不同的方式。)”提到間歇性禁食有不同的方式，下文“Anothermonwayischoosingadietthatseespeopleonlyeatingduringalimitedpartoftheday,forexample,overeighthours.(另一種常見的方法是選擇一種飲食，讓人們只在一天的有限時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)食，例如超過8小時(shí)。)”則是對(duì)其中一種方式的描述，空處和下文為并列關(guān)系，共同說明間歇性禁食的不同方式。因此G項(xiàng)“Youcaneatnormallyonfivedaysofaweekandreducecalorieintakeontheothertwo.(你可以一周中有五天正常飲食，另外兩天減少熱量攝入。)”符合語境。故選G。3．下文“Astudysuggestsintermittentfastingmayhelpcontrolbloodsugarandreducethepossibilityofsufferingrelateddisease.Otherstudieshaveshownintermittentfastingmayhelpslowtheageingprocess,supportbrainfunction,loseweight,etc.(一項(xiàng)研究表明，間歇性禁食可能有助于控制血糖，減少患相關(guān)疾病的可能性。其他研究表明，間歇性禁食可能有助于減緩衰老過程，支持大腦功能，減肥等。)”提到了間歇性禁食可能帶來的好處，如控制血糖、減緩衰老過程、支持大腦功能、減輕體重等，空處作為段落主題句，應(yīng)該是引出這些好處。因此D項(xiàng)“Let’slookatsomeofthepossiblebenefits.(讓我們來看一些可能的好處。)”符合語境。故選D。4．上文“Somepeopletryintermittentfastingforweightmanagement,andothersusethemethodtodealwithsomeconditionssuchashighcholesterolorarthritis.(有些人嘗試間歇性禁食來控制體重，還有一些人用這種方法來治療一些疾病，比如高膽固醇或關(guān)節(jié)炎。)”提到一些人使用間歇性禁食達(dá)到的作用，下文“Fastingmightnotsuitthosewhoareunderweightorwithalongtermmedicalcondition.(間歇性禁食可能不適合那些體重過輕或有長期疾病的人。)”提到這種飲食法不適合的人群，上下文之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，空處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折的句子。因此B項(xiàng)“However,thisdietisn’tforeveryone.(然而，這種飲食并不適合所有人。)”符合語境。故選B。5．上文“Aswithmanydiets,it’salwayswisetospeaktoyourdoctororweightlossprofessionalbeforechangingyoureatinghabits.And,attheendoftheday,itcouldjustedowntowhatlifestylechoicesuitsyou.(與許多飲食一樣，在改變你的飲食習(xí)慣之前，和你的醫(yī)生或減肥專家談?wù)効偸敲髦堑?。在一天結(jié)束的時(shí)候，這可能只是取決于哪種生活方式適合你。)”提到在改變飲食習(xí)慣之前，最好先咨詢醫(yī)生或減肥專家，并且最后要選擇適合自己的生活方式，空處應(yīng)該是一個(gè)總結(jié)性的句子，強(qiáng)調(diào)不要盲目嘗試間歇性禁食。因此F項(xiàng)“Inaword,youshouldavoidturningtointermittentfastingblindly.(總而言之，你應(yīng)該避免盲目地求助于間歇性禁食。)”符合語境。故選F。二、七選五（2324高二上·浙江杭州·開學(xué)考試）Peoplethesedaysarepostingabouttheirlivesonsocialmedia.Butwhatifyou’reaprivateandintrovertedpersonlikeme?Whatifyouwanttoliveinthemomentinsteadofsharingeverybitofyourlife?Tobehonest,it’snobody’sbusinessbutyourown.6Escapingstalkers(跟蹤者).I’vebeenapublicpersonasajazzvocalistforyears.Itexposedmetostalkerswhofelttheyknewme,justbecauseIwaspresenteverywhere.Needlesstosay,itbroughtmemuchanxietyandstress.AtsomepointIaskedmyselfisbeingvisiblemoreimportantthanmypeaceofmind?7TheanswerisaclearNO.IjustwanttospendlifedoingwhatIlovewiththepeopleIlove.Protectingprivacy8IneedalonetimetoprocesswhatI’mstrugglingwithandhonestrealtalkswiththepeopleItrust.Imightsharealessonlearnedfromanexperience,butnowIwon’t.IknowthatbykeepingmylifeprivateonsocialmediaImaymissoutonsomeconnections,butIhonorandrespectthepeopleinmylifewhovaluetheirprivacy,soIambeingmindfulandprotectthat.9AnotherreasonIkeepmylifeprivateisthatIprefertobeinthepresentmomentandappreciateitfully.Tobeonyourphoneconstantly,ortofilmeverythingyoudo,canbequitedisrespectfultothepeopleyouspendyourtimewith.Youloseoutonthosespontaneous(自發(fā)的)momentsandadeeperconnection.IchoosewhatIshareandwhenIshareit,andtherestisforexperiencinglifewithoutexpectations.Liveyourlifefully,regardlessofwhethertheworldknowsitornot!10Ijustwantyoutoknowit’sOKifyoudon’t.A．ExperiencinglifeB．LivinginthemomentC．Don’tIreallycareaboutprivacy?D．Aremyfollowersmoreimportantthanmyfriendsandfamily?E．Ifyoufeellikesharingyourlifeopenlywithouthesitation,goforit.F．Herearemyreasonsfornotsharingmypersonallifeonsocialmedia.G．Itcanbequitechallengingtogothroughtoughmomentswitheveryonewatching.【答案】6．F7．D8．G9．B10．E【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。介紹了幾個(gè)不愿在社交媒體上分享個(gè)人生活的原因6．根據(jù)前文“Peoplethesedaysarepostingabouttheirlivesonsocialmedia.Butwhatifyou’reaprivateandintrovertedpersonlikeme?Whatifyouwanttoliveinthemomentinsteadofsharingeverybitofyourlife?Tobehonest,it’snobody’sbusinessbutyourown.(現(xiàn)在人們都在社交媒體上曬自己的生活。但如果你是一個(gè)像我一樣內(nèi)向的人呢?如果你想活在當(dāng)下而不是分享你生活的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴呢?老實(shí)說，這不關(guān)別人的事，只有你自己的事)”可知，前文提到作者是一個(gè)內(nèi)向的人并且提到假設(shè)你事想活在當(dāng)下而不是分享你生活的點(diǎn)點(diǎn)滴滴的人，推知作者不愿意分享自己的生活，所以空處應(yīng)是引出本文主題，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Herearemyreasonsfornotsharingmypersonallifeonsocialmedia.(以下是我不愿在社交媒體上分享個(gè)人生活的原因)”符合文意。故選F項(xiàng)。7．根據(jù)前文“AtsomepointIaskedmyselfisbeingvisiblemoreimportantthanmypeaceofmind?(有時(shí)我問自己——被人看見比內(nèi)心的平靜更重要嗎?)”以及后文“TheanswerisaclearNO.(答案顯然是否定的)”可知，后文是在回答問題，所以空處應(yīng)是接著提問，所以D項(xiàng)“Aremyfollowersmoreimportantthanmyfriendsandfamily?(我的粉絲比我的朋友和家人更重要嗎?)”符合文意，引出后文“IjustwanttospendlifedoingwhatIlovewiththepeopleIlove.(我只想和我愛的人一起做我愛的事)”。故選D項(xiàng)。8．分析設(shè)空，位于段首，應(yīng)總領(lǐng)下文，根據(jù)后文“IneedalonetimetoprocesswhatI’mstrugglingwithandhonestrealtalkswiththepeopleItrust.(我需要獨(dú)處的時(shí)間來處理我正在掙扎的事情，和我信任的人真誠地交談)”可知，作者需要私人時(shí)間，所以G項(xiàng)“Itcanbequitechallengingtogothroughtoughmomentswitheveryonewatching.(在所有人的注視下度過艱難時(shí)刻是相當(dāng)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的)”符合文意，引出下文。故選G項(xiàng)。9．分析設(shè)空，為本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“AnotherreasonIkeepmylifeprivateisthatIprefertobeinthepresentmomentandappreciateitfully.Tobeonyourphoneconstantly,ortofilmeverythingyoudo,canbequitedisrespectfultothepeopleyouspendyourtimewith.Youloseoutonthosespontaneous(自發(fā)的)momentsandadeeperconnection.IchoosewhatIshareandwhenIshareit,andtherestisforexperiencinglifewithoutexpectations(另一個(gè)讓我保持私人生活的原因是，我更喜歡活在當(dāng)下，充分欣賞它。經(jīng)常玩，或者把你所做的一切都拍下來，這是對(duì)你花時(shí)間相處的人的不尊重。你失去了那些自發(fā)的時(shí)刻和更深層次的聯(lián)系。我選擇分享什么和什么時(shí)候分享，剩下的就用來體驗(yàn)沒有期望的生活)”可知，本段主要講述，要活在當(dāng)下，所以B項(xiàng)“Livinginthemoment(活在當(dāng)下)”為本段小標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。10．根據(jù)前文“Liveyourlifefully,regardlessofwhethertheworldknowsitornot!(充實(shí)地過你的生活，不管世人知不知道!)”以及后文“Ijustwantyoutoknowit’sOKifyoudon’t.(我只是想讓你知道，如果你不這樣做也沒關(guān)系)”可知，作者在總結(jié)，他并不反對(duì)分享生活，只是說不這樣做也沒關(guān)系，所以E項(xiàng)“Ifyoufeellikesharingyourlifeopenlywithouthesitation,goforit.(如果你想毫不猶豫地公開分享你的生活，那就去做吧)”承接上下文，符合文意。故選E項(xiàng)。（2324高二上·遼寧·開學(xué)考試）Foraverageworkingpeople,theynormallychangetheircareersfivetoseventimesthroughouttheirwholelives.11Withoutthat,youarejustadreamer.Ithappensthatyouneglectthinkingaboutyourcareerwhenyouarebusy,butyoumustspendtimeconsideringyourcurrentsituationandyouridealcareerpathtodevelopaspecificcareerplan.12Whenyouhaveabetterunderstandingofyourselfandwhatyouwant,youaremorelikelytomakeaplanthatsuitsyourgoalsandlifestyle.Bythiskindofselfreflection,youwilldiscoverthetypeofcareeryouwant.13YouprobablyneedSMARTgoalsthatarespecific,measurable,achievable,relevant,andtimeboundtoprepareforsuccess.StudiesprovethatSMARTgoalsworkbetterwhentheyarewrittendownandsharedwithothers.Sharingenhancesyoursenseofresponsibilitywhilewritingdownallowsyoutomitthemtomemory.14Nowthatyouhaveunderstoodwhatyouwantandhadyourgoalssetandwrittendown,it’stimetomakecareerdecisions.First,listprosandconsofdifferentdecisions.Andthenthinkabouthoweachpathlinesupwithyourvalues.15Howdoyoufeelwhentalkingaboutyourcareer?Doyouwanttostaywhereyouareorareyoureadytomakeachangetotakestepstoachievesuccess?Reflect,setgoals,andmakeyourdecision,andyou’llbeontherightpathinnotime.A．Thenextstepistofigureouthowtogetthere.B．Consideryourlongtermandshorttermobjectives.C．Finally,evaluatehowtheycouldinfluenceyourfuture.D．Reflectingonyourselfandyourneedsisalsonecessary.E．Thebestwaytobepreparedforacareerchangeistomakeaplan.F．Afteryou’veobtainedanunderstandingofthejob,nextestheevaluationpart.G．Therefore,youcanalwayshaveaccesstothembecausetheyarekeptinyoursubconscious.【答案】11．E12．D13．A14．G15．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了為轉(zhuǎn)行作準(zhǔn)備的三個(gè)步驟：自我反思、設(shè)定目標(biāo)和做出決定。11．由下文“Withoutthat,youarejustadreamer.(沒有它，你只是一個(gè)夢(mèng)想家)”和指代關(guān)系可知，設(shè)空句中應(yīng)出現(xiàn)指示代詞that指代對(duì)象，E選項(xiàng)“為轉(zhuǎn)行做好準(zhǔn)備的最好方法是制定一個(gè)計(jì)劃?！敝小癿akeaplan”即下文that指代內(nèi)容，沒有計(jì)劃，你只是一個(gè)空想家，另外，選項(xiàng)中“bepreparedforacareerchange”也與上文“Foraverageworkingpeople,theynormallychangetheircareersfivetoseventimesthroughouttheirwholelives.(對(duì)于普通的職場人來說，他們一生中通常會(huì)換五到七次職業(yè))”中“changetheircareersfivetoseventimes”相照應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)。12．由上文“Ithappensthatyouneglectthinkingaboutyourcareerwhenyouarebusy,butyoumustspendtimeconsideringyourcurrentsituationandyouridealcareerpathtodevelopaspecificcareerplan.(碰巧你在忙的時(shí)候忽略了對(duì)職業(yè)的思考，但你必須花時(shí)間考慮你的現(xiàn)狀和理想的職業(yè)道路，以制定具體的職業(yè)計(jì)劃_)”提出要進(jìn)行針對(duì)制定職業(yè)計(jì)劃的反思，下文“Whenyouhaveabetterunderstandingofyourselfandwhatyouwant,youaremorelikelytomakeaplanthatsuitsyourgoalsandlifestyle.(當(dāng)你對(duì)自己和自己想要的東西有了更好的了解，你就更有可能制定一個(gè)適合你的目標(biāo)和生活方式的計(jì)劃)”講更好地了解自己和自己想要的東西的益處，D選項(xiàng)“反思自己和自己的需求也是必要的。”提出要反思自己和自己的需求的必要性，下文是反思的結(jié)果，選項(xiàng)中“Reflectingonyourselfandyourneeds”和下文“abetterunderstandingofyourselfandwhatyouwant”相照應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)。13．上一段提出先要進(jìn)行“selfreflection(自我反思)”，進(jìn)而明確你想要的職業(yè)類型，設(shè)空句下文“YouprobablyneedSMARTgoalsthatarespecific,measurable,achievable,relevant,andtimeboundtoprepareforsuccess.(為成功做準(zhǔn)備，你可能需要制定明智的目標(biāo)，這些目標(biāo)要是具體的、可衡量的、可實(shí)現(xiàn)的、相關(guān)的和有時(shí)間限制的)”提出制定職業(yè)目標(biāo)的具體的做法，A項(xiàng)“下一步是弄清楚如何實(shí)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)”承上啟下，符合上下文連貫。故選A項(xiàng)。14．由上文“StudiesprovethatSMARTgoalsworkbetterwhentheyarewrittendownandsharedwithothers.Sharingenhancesyoursenseofresponsibilitywhilewritingdownallowsyoutomitthemtomemory.(研究證明，當(dāng)SMART目標(biāo)被寫下來并與他人分享時(shí)，效果會(huì)更好。分享可以增強(qiáng)你的責(zé)任感，而寫下來可以讓你把它們記在記憶中)”可知，上文講SMART目標(biāo)被“寫下來”并與他人“分享”時(shí)，效果會(huì)更好，會(huì)留在你的記憶中，G選項(xiàng)“因此，因?yàn)樗鼈儽４嬖谀愕臐撘庾R(shí)中，你總是可以接觸到它們?！迸c上文形成因果關(guān)系，表明為什么SMART目標(biāo)留在記憶中的原因及其導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。故選G項(xiàng)。15．由上文“Nowthatyouhaveunderstoodwhatyouwantandhadyourgoalssetandwrittendown,it’stimetomakecareerdecisions.First,listprosandconsofdifferentdecisions.Andthenthinkabouthoweachpathlinesupwithyourvalues.(既然你已經(jīng)了解了自己想要什么，并制定并寫下了目標(biāo)，現(xiàn)在是時(shí)候做出職業(yè)決定了。首先，列出不同決策的利弊。然后想想每一條路是如何與你的價(jià)值觀相一致的)”可知，上文已經(jīng)提出了如何做出職業(yè)決定的兩點(diǎn)策略，C選項(xiàng)“最后，評(píng)估它們?nèi)绾斡绊懩愕奈磥??！敝械摹癋inally”提起最后一點(diǎn)策略。故選C項(xiàng)。三、七選五（2324高二上·河南·階段練習(xí)）Somuchofourdailyliferelatestotheinternet,fromworktoeducationandeventalkingwithfriends.Themoreonlineaccountsanddevicesyouhave,themoreinternetdangersyouwillface.That’swhyit’smoreimportanttounderstandinternetsafetyruleswhichprotectyouandyourfamilyfromthreatsthatmayharmyourdataanddevices.16Makesureyou’reusingasafeinternetconnectionAlthoughusingpublicWiFiisnotremended,it’ssometimesunavoidablewhenyouareout.However,whenyougoonlineinapublicplaceanduseapublicWiFiconnection,youhavenodirectcontroloveritssafety,whichcouldleaveyouvulnerable(易受傷的)tocyberattacks.17.ChoosestrongpasswordsPasswordsareoneofthebiggestweakspotswhenitestoonlinesafety.Peopleoftenchoosepasswordsthatareeasytoremember.18.Inadditiontothis,usingthesamepasswordforvarioussitesputsyourdataatfurtherrisk.Ifhackers(黑客)getyouridentificationfromonesite,theycanprobablyaccessotherwebsiteswhichusethesamelogindetails.19Developersareoftenworkingtomakeproductssafe,monitoringthelatestthreatsandrollingoutsecuritypatches(安全補(bǔ)丁)incaseofweaknessesintheirsoftware.Byusingtheupdatedoperatingsystemsandapps,youwillbenefitfromthelatestsecuritypatches.Thisisespeciallyimportantforappsthatincludepayment,healthorotherpersonalinformationaboutauser.Becarefulofuncertainlinksandwhereyouclick20.That’swhyit’simportanttobrowsecarefullyandavoidcertaintypesofonlinecontent—suchaslinksfromuntrustedsources.Ifyoureceiveanemailthatyou’renotsureabout,avoidclickingonanylinksinit.Infact,it’sbesttoavoidopeninguntrustedemailsatall.A．BecarefulofwhatandwhereyoupostB．KeepsoftwareandoperatingsystemsupdatedC．ReadontofindoutaboutthewaystostaysafeonlineD．AcarelessclickcangiveoutyourpersonaldataonlineE．ButsomeofthosesitesmayhavepoordataprotectionpoliciesF．Therefore,it’seasyforhackerstobreakintoyoursystemG．So,ifnecessary,avoidcarryingoutpersonalbusinessesthatuseprivatedata【答案】16．C17．G18．F19．B20．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了在網(wǎng)上保持安全的辦法。16．根據(jù)上文“That’swhyit’smoreimportanttounderstandinternetsafetyruleswhichprotectyouandyourfamilyfromthreatsthatmayharmyourdataanddevices.(這就是為什么理解互聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全規(guī)則更重要，以保護(hù)你和你的家人免受損害你的數(shù)據(jù)和設(shè)備的威脅)”以及后文主要介紹了在網(wǎng)上保持安全的辦法。故C項(xiàng)“繼續(xù)讀去找到如何在網(wǎng)上保持安全的方法”符合語境。故選C。17．根據(jù)小標(biāo)題“Makesureyou’reusingasafeinternetconnection(確保你使用的是安全的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接)”以及上文“AlthoughusingpublicWiFiisnotremended,it’ssometimesunavoidablewhenyouareout.(雖然不建議使用公共WiFi，但當(dāng)你外出時(shí)，這有時(shí)是不可避免的)”可知，這一段介紹要使用安全的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接，盡量避免使用公共WiFi，實(shí)在避免不了就避免進(jìn)行個(gè)人業(yè)務(wù)，對(duì)應(yīng)了G項(xiàng)“避免進(jìn)行使用私人數(shù)據(jù)的個(gè)人業(yè)務(wù)”。故選G。18．根據(jù)上文“Peopleoftenchoosepasswordsthatareeasytoremember.(人們總是選擇容易記的密碼)”可知，本句主要說明這么做的結(jié)果，此處therefore引出下文，根據(jù)本段最后一句“Ifhackersgetyouridentificationfromonesite,theycanprobablyaccessotherwebsiteswhichusethesamelogindetails.(如果黑客從一個(gè)網(wǎng)站獲得了你的身份，他們可能會(huì)訪問其他使用相同登錄信息的網(wǎng)站)”可知本句內(nèi)容與黑客有關(guān)。F選項(xiàng)“因此，黑客很容易侵入你的系統(tǒng)”符合語境，故選F。19．根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Developersareoftenworkingtomakeproductssafe,monitoringthelatestthreatsandrollingoutsecuritypatches(安全補(bǔ)丁)incaseofweaknessesintheirsoftware.Byusingtheupdatedoperatingsystemsandapps,youwillbenefitfromthelatestsecuritypatches.Thisisespeciallyimportantforappsthatincludepayment,healthorotherpersonalinformationaboutauser.(開發(fā)人員經(jīng)常致力于使產(chǎn)品安全，監(jiān)控最新的威脅，并在軟件存在弱點(diǎn)時(shí)推出安全補(bǔ)丁。通過使用更新后的操作系統(tǒng)和應(yīng)用程序，您將受益于最新的安全補(bǔ)丁。這對(duì)于包含用戶支付、健康或其他個(gè)人信息的應(yīng)用尤其重要)”可知，本段的建議是，不斷更新軟件和操作系統(tǒng)。所以，B項(xiàng)“保持軟件和操作系統(tǒng)的更新”填入空格處，符合語境。故選B。20．根據(jù)下文“That’swhyit’simportanttobrowsecarefullyandavoidcertaintypesofonlinecontent—suchaslinksfromuntrustedsources.(這就是為什么仔細(xì)瀏覽并避免某些類型的在線內(nèi)容（例如來自不受信任來源的連接）是很重要的)”可知，本句主要說明在網(wǎng)上瀏覽會(huì)暴露個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)的行為。D項(xiàng)“一個(gè)不小心的點(diǎn)擊可以在網(wǎng)上顯示出你的個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)”符合語境。故選D。四、七選五（2023高二上·山東日照·開學(xué)考試）Weallknowthegoldenrule:treatothersthewayyouwanttobetreated.Thisisanoldproverbwelearnfromanearlyage.21Haveyouevernoticedthatwhenyoudosomethingniceforsomeoneelse,itmakesyoufeelbettertoo?Thisisn’tjustsomethingthathappensrandomly(隨機(jī)地).22Doingnicethingsforothersincreasesyourserotonin(血清素),whichisresponsibleforfeelingsofsatisfactionandwellbeing.23Whilethereareseveralwaystoreduceanxiety,itturnsoutthatbeingnicetootherscanbeoneoftheeasiest,mostinexpensivewaystokeepanxietyatbay.UniversityofBritishColumbiaresearchersfoundthatparticipantswhoengagedinkindactsdisplayedsignificantincreasesinpositiveafct(積極情感)thatlastedoverthefourweeksoftheirstudy.So,thenexttimeyou’refeelinganxious,lookforopportunitiestohelpothers.Makingothersfeelgoodcan“warm”yourheart,sure—butbeingnicetootherscanalsoaffecttheactualchemicalbalanceofyourheart.Kindnessreleasesthehormoneoxytocinwhichreducesbloodpressureandthereforeprotectstheheart.24Maybethat’swhytheysaynice,caringpeoplehavereallybighearts.Kindnesscanhelpyoulivelonger.Youmaybeshakingyourheadatthisone,butthere’ssciencetobackitup.AccordingtoHealth,you’reatagreaterriskofheartdiseaseifyoudon’thaveastrongnetworkoffamilyandfriends.Whenyou’rekindtoothers,youdevelopstrong,meaningfulrelationshipsandfriendships.25A．Anxietyisanextremelymonhumanexperience.B．Thisbehaviorcanhelpyouhandlestressfulsituations.C．Kindnessstrengthensyourheartphysicallyandemotionally.D．Ithassomethingtodowiththepleasurecentersinyourbrain.E．Besidesimprovingpersonalrelationships,kindnesscanmakeyouhealthier.F．So,makesomenewfriends,orexpandyourkindnesstotheonesyoualreadyhave.G．However,thereareanumberofreallifebenefitsconnectedwiththewaywetreatothers.【答案】21．G22．D23．A24．C25．F【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文，文章主要介紹了對(duì)別人善良帶給自己的好處。21．上文“Weallknowthegoldenrule:treatothersthewayyouwanttobetreated.Thisisanoldproverbwelearnfromanearlyage.(我們都知道一條黃金法則：己所不欲，勿施于人。這是我們從小學(xué)到的一句古老諺語)”提到一句古老的諺語：己所不欲，勿施于人，下文講述了對(duì)別人好帶給自己的好處，G項(xiàng)“然而，在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，我們對(duì)待他人的方式會(huì)給我們帶來很多好處”符合語境，和上文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，引出下文內(nèi)容，故選G。22．上文“Haveyouevernoticedthatwhenyoudosomethingniceforsomeoneelse,itmakesyoufeelbettertoo?Thisisn’tjustsomethingthathappensrandomly(隨機(jī)地).(你有沒有注意到，當(dāng)你為別人做一些好事時(shí)，你也會(huì)感覺更好？這不是隨機(jī)發(fā)生的事情)”提到，為別人做好事自己也會(huì)感覺更好，這不是隨機(jī)發(fā)生的事情，空處應(yīng)是對(duì)此進(jìn)行科學(xué)解釋，D項(xiàng)“這與你大腦中的快樂中樞有關(guān)”符合語境，下文“Doingnicethingsforothersincreasesyourserotonin(血清素),whichisresponsible.forfeelingsofsatisfactionandwellbeing.(為別人做好事會(huì)增加你的血清素，這是滿足感和幸福感的來源)”是對(duì)D項(xiàng)進(jìn)一步解釋，故選D。23．根據(jù)下文“Whilethereareseveralwaystoreduceanxiety,itturnsoutthatbeingnicetootherscanbeoneoftheeasiest,mostinexpensivewaystokeepanxietyatbay.(雖然有幾種方法可以減少焦慮，但事實(shí)證明，善待他人是最簡單、最便宜的控制焦慮的方法之一)”可知，本段和焦慮有關(guān)，A項(xiàng)“焦慮是一種極其普遍的人類體驗(yàn)”符合語境，故選A。24．根據(jù)上文“Kindnessreleasesthehormoneoxytocinwhichreducesbloodpressureandthereforeprotectstheheart.(善良會(huì)釋放催產(chǎn)素，從而降低血壓，保護(hù)心臟)”以及下文“Maybethat’swhytheysaynice,caringpeoplehavereallybighearts.(也許這就是為什么人們說善良、有愛心的人都心胸寬廣)”可知，空處和上文并列，說明善良的好處，C項(xiàng)“善良在身體和情感上都能增強(qiáng)你的心靈”符合語境，故選C。25．根據(jù)上文“Whenyou’rekindtoothers,youdevelopstrong,meaningfulrelationshipsandfriendships.(當(dāng)你善待他人時(shí)，你會(huì)建立起牢固而有意義的關(guān)系和友誼)”可知，對(duì)別人善良可以建立起有意義的關(guān)系和友誼，空處位于段末，是總結(jié)上文，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“所以，交一些新朋友，或者把你的善意擴(kuò)展到你已經(jīng)擁有的人身上”符合語境，故選F。五、七選五（2223高二上·陜西咸陽·開學(xué)考試）Thenewsplaysanimportantroleinourlives,whichhasbeenemphasizedevenfurtherduringthepastyear.Ifyoufindyourselfbeginningtofeelnegativeimpactsfromthenews,itisthetimetostart