2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)UNIT3FOODANDCULTURESectionⅠReadingandThinking檢測(cè)含解析新人教版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

PAGEPAGE8ReadingandThinkingⅠ.閱讀理解ATreesareusefultomaninthreeimportantways：theygivehimwoodandotherusefulthings,theygivehimcoolplaces,andtheyhelptostopdroughtandflood.Unluckily,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotfoundthatthethirdofthesepointsisthemostimportant.Manwantstomakemoneyfromtrees,sohehascutthemdowninlargenumbers,onlytofindthatwithoutthemhehaslostthebestfriendshehad.Andalso,heisusuallytoocarelesstoplantandlookafternewtrees.Sotheforestsslowlydisappear.Thisdoesnotonlymeanthatmanwillhavefewertrees.Theresultsareevenworse：forwheretherearetrees,theirrootsbreakupsoil—maketherainin—andalsobindthesoil,thusstoppingitfrombeingwashedawayeasily;butwheretherearenotrees,therainfallsonhardgroundandflowsaway,causingfloodsandcarryingawaytherichtopsoil.Whenallthetopsoilisgone,nothingisleftbutuselessdesert.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了樹(shù)對(duì)人類(lèi)的作用特別大，可以給人類(lèi)供應(yīng)木材、供應(yīng)陰涼，還可以幫助阻擋干旱和洪水。但實(shí)際狀況是許多人砍掉了許多樹(shù)木，破壞了植被，引起了生態(tài)危機(jī)。1．Themostimportantpointsoftreestomanisthat．A．theyhelphimtostopdroughtandfloodB．theyhelphimtomakemoneyC．theygivehimcoolplacesD．theygivehimwoodandotherthings解析：選A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容及其次段中的Unluckily,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotfoundthatthethirdofthesepointsisthemostimportant.可知樹(shù)木的第三個(gè)用途stopdroughtandflood最重要，故A項(xiàng)正確。2．Inmanyplacesforestsslowlydisappearbecause．A．manytreeshavebeencutdownbymanB．newtreesarenotwelllookedafterC．manhasnotpaidenoughattentiontoplantingtreesD．a(chǎn)lltheabove解析：選D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的Manwantstomakemoneyfromtrees,sohehascutthemdowninlargenumbers,onlytofindthatwithoutthemhehaslostthebestfriendshehad.Andalso,heisusuallytoocarelesstoplantandlookafternewtrees.Sotheforestsslowlydisappear.可知A、B、C三項(xiàng)都是樹(shù)林消逝的緣由。故D項(xiàng)正確。3．Landbecomesdesertafteralltreesarecutdownbecause．A．rootsoftreesbreakupthesoilB．therearetoomanyrainfallsC．strongwindsbringalotofsandD．therearenolongertreestokeeptherainandprotectthetopsoil.解析：選D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的Theresultsareevenworse：forwheretherearetrees,...soil,thusstoppingitfrombeingwashedawayeasily;butwheretherearenotrees,therainfallsonhardgroundandflowsaway,causingfloodsandcarryingawaytherichtopsoil.Whenallthetopsoilisgone,nothingisleftbutuselessdesert.可知，當(dāng)樹(shù)被砍掉以后，再也沒(méi)有樹(shù)來(lái)愛(ài)護(hù)水土了，導(dǎo)致土地變成了荒漠。故D項(xiàng)正確。4．Whichtitlebestfitsthepassage?A．TreesandManB．TheFunctionofTreeWoodC．HowdoPeopledowithTrees?D．TheUsageofTreeRoots解析：選A標(biāo)題歸納題。本文介紹了樹(shù)對(duì)人類(lèi)的作用特別大，可以給人類(lèi)供應(yīng)木材、供應(yīng)陰涼，還可以幫助阻擋干旱和洪水。但實(shí)際狀況是許多人砍掉了許多樹(shù)木，破壞了植被，引起了生態(tài)危機(jī)。所以本文主要講解并描述的是樹(shù)和人類(lèi)的關(guān)系，A項(xiàng)作標(biāo)題最能概括本文內(nèi)容，故A項(xiàng)正確。BOrganicfoodisverypopular.Itisalsoexpensive.Someorganicfoodcoststwiceasmuchasnon-organicfood,butnewparentsandpetownersarewillingtopayupto200%morefororganicfood.However,therearepeoplewhothinkitisawasteofmoney.Thereisonemaindifferencebetweenorganicandnon-organicfood.Organicfarmsdonotuseagriculturalchemicals,suchaspesticides.Inmanycountriesorganicfoodshavespeciallabels.Theseguaranteethattheproductsarenatural.Somepeoplethinkorganicmeanslocallygrown.Originallythiswastrue.Overtimeorganicfarmingbecamemoredifficult.Thedemandfororganicfoodgrewlargerthanthesupply.Smallcompanieshadtosellouttolargecompanies.Thereweren'tenoughorganicingredients,suchasgrainandcattle.Thismadeitdifficultformanyorganiccompaniestostayinbusiness.Today,manylargecompanieshaveanorganiclineofproducts.Isorganicfoodmorenutritious?Thisispartofthedebate.Manyfarmersandconsumersbelieveitis.Theythinkagriculturalchemicalscausehealthproblemssuchascancer.Manyhealthprofessionalsdisagree.Fewstudiesprovethatorganicfoodspreventhealthproblems.Healthspecialistsworrymoreaboutbacteria,suchasE．coliandsalmonella.Thesecangetintocontactwithorganicandnon-organicfood.Doctorsrecommendwashingproduceverycarefully.Handlingmeatcarefullyisimportant,too.Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.Istastierfoodworththeextramoney?Thisisamatterofopinion.Whetheritishealthierornotmayrequiremoreresearch.However,organicconsumersargueitisbettertobesafethansorry.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章將有機(jī)食品和非有機(jī)食品進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，并且就有機(jī)食品的種植、養(yǎng)分價(jià)值和味道等狀況進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。5．Whatisprobablythemajorconcernoforganicfoodconsumers?A．Price. B．Safety.C．Freshness. D．Variety.解析：選B推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的Organicfarmsdonotuseagriculturalchemicals,suchaspesticides.可知有機(jī)農(nóng)場(chǎng)不運(yùn)用殺蟲(chóng)劑等農(nóng)藥。最終一段中的However,organicconsumersargueitisbettertobesafethansorry.也指出，有機(jī)食品消費(fèi)者認(rèn)為，平安總比懊悔好。由此可推知，有機(jī)食品消費(fèi)者最關(guān)切的可能是平安。故選B。6．Whatisthedoctors'suggestion?A．Growyourownfood.B．Reducetheuseofpesticides.C．Makesurethefoodisclean.D．Buylargecompanies'products.解析：選C細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的Doctorsrecommendwashingproduceverycarefully.Handlingmeatcarefullyisimportant,too.可知醫(yī)生建議細(xì)致清洗農(nóng)產(chǎn)品，當(dāng)心處理肉類(lèi)也很重要。由此可知，醫(yī)生的建議是確保食物干凈。故選C。7．Whichofthefollowingdomostpeopleagreeonorganicfood?A．Ittastesbetter. B．Itiseasiertogrow.C．Itcontainsmorefat. D．Itismorenutritious.解析：選A細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段中的Mostpeopleagreethatnaturallygrownfoodtastesbetter.可知大多數(shù)人同意自然生長(zhǎng)的食物味道更好。由此可知，大多數(shù)人同意有機(jī)食品嘗道更好。故選A。8．Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?A．Arecipebook. B．Achemistrypaper.C．Amedicalreport. D．Ahealthmagazine.解析：選D文章出處題。文章將有機(jī)食品和非有機(jī)食品進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，并且就有機(jī)食品的種植、養(yǎng)分價(jià)值和味道等狀況進(jìn)行了說(shuō)明。由此可知本文屬于飲食健康類(lèi)文章，因此，這篇文章可能來(lái)自健康雜志。故選D。CThecoloroffoodmightaffectjusthowmuchyouwanttoeatthem，butwhataboutthebirdsinyourneighborhood？Wouldtheycarewhatcolortheirfoodis？Trythisoutforasciencefairproject,orjusttolearnsomethingnewwhilemakingyourlocalbirdshappy.Beginthisexperimentwiththequestion“Whatcolorofbirdseed(鳥(niǎo)食),ifany，willbirdslikethemost？”，andthenmakeahypothesis(假設(shè))basedonyourquestion.Anexamplemightbe“Birdswilleatmoregreenbirdseedthanothercolorsofbirdseed.”Youshouldgetseveralbirdfeeders.Purchasebirdseedthatisverylightincolor.Tocolorthebirdseed,pouritintoabowlandthenaddfoodcoloringthatyoucanpurchasefromthestore.Mixthemupwellwithaspoonandcontinuetoaddcoloringuntilalltheseediscolored.Youshouldsampleatleastafewcolorsandhaveonefeederwithseedthathasnotbeencolored—thisiscalledthecontrolanditwillgiveyousomethingtocompareyourresultsto.Nowjusthangthemupoutsideinthesamelocation,andwaitforyourfeatheredfriendstoshowup.Thisworksbestinanareawherebirdsareusedtofeedingfromafeeder—itcantakebirdsoveraweektofindnewfeeders.Observeyourbirdfeederswheneverpossible，andkeeptrackofhowmuchseedisineachbirdfeedereachday.Arulerishelpfulforthis.Youmightalsowanttotakepicturesofthefeedersandkeeptrackofwhatkindofbirdsvisiteachfeeder.Overtime，youshouldbeabletoseeifonecolorofseedgetseatenmorethanothers.Onceyourexperimentisdone，youwillbeabletogobacktoyourhypothesisandseeifitiscorrect.Remember,it'snotbadifyourhypothesiswaswrong.Themainthingisthatyou'velearnedsomethingfromyourexperiment，andhopefullyyouhadsomefundoingit.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了食物的顏色會(huì)影響人類(lèi)的食欲，那鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)是否也對(duì)食物的顏色有所選擇呢？作者建議讀者做試驗(yàn)來(lái)證明自己的觀點(diǎn)，并給出了試驗(yàn)的詳細(xì)步驟及其關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)。9．What'sthepurposeofthisexperiment?A．Toseewhatcolorbirdslikemost.B．Tomakelocalbirdshappy.C．Toseeifthecoloroffoodaffectsbirds.D．Tofindhowlocalbirdsfeedthemselves.解析：選C推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的Beginthisexperimentwiththequestion“Whatcolorofbirdseed(鳥(niǎo)食),ifany，willbirdslikethemost？”在起先這個(gè)試驗(yàn)時(shí)，先問(wèn)個(gè)問(wèn)題“什么顏色的鳥(niǎo)食，鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)最喜愛(ài)？”可知，該試驗(yàn)的目的是查明鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)是否會(huì)依據(jù)顏色選擇食物。10．What'sthesecondstepforthisexperiment?A．Observingbirdfeeders.B．Raisingaquestion.C．Collectingallthedata.D．Makingahypothesis.解析：選D細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的thenmakeahypothesis(假設(shè))basedonyourquestion.可知試驗(yàn)的其次步是做假設(shè)。故選D。11．Theunderlinedwords“featheredfriends”inParagraph3referto．A.feeders B．birdsC．neighbors D．locals解析：選B詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段中的waitforyourfeatheredfriendstoshowup.Thisworksbestinanareawherebirdsareusedtofeedingfromafeeder.可知，畫(huà)線詞指的是鳥(niǎo)。12．Whatisthemostimportantaboutthebirdfeeders?A．Theyarefilledwithsomewater.B．Theyareplacedinsecretplaces.C．Theyarepaintedindifferentcolors.D．Theyareallthesamesizeandtype.解析：選D推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段中的Youshouldgetseveralbirdfeeders...Youshouldsampleatleastafewcolorsandhaveonefeederwithseedthathasnotbeencolored—thisiscalledthecontrolanditwillgiveyousomethingtocompareyourresultsto.可知，試驗(yàn)是把裝有顏色的鳥(niǎo)食在鳥(niǎo)食槽內(nèi)的變更狀況與不染色的鳥(niǎo)食在鳥(niǎo)食槽的狀況做對(duì)比，要想比較就必需在鳥(niǎo)食槽相同的條件下才能得出哪種顏色的鳥(niǎo)食被吃的多，選項(xiàng)D(鳥(niǎo)食槽的大小和類(lèi)型一樣)切題，故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Haveyoueverwonderedthatthefoodyoueateverydaycantellyouaboutwhereyoucomefrom?Haveyoueverwonderedwhypeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldeatdifferenttypesoffood?1Thereismoreofaconnectionbetweenfoodandculturethanyoumaythink.2Itbecomesapartofwhoweare.Manyassociatefoodsfromourchildhoodwithwarmfeelingsandgoodmemoriesandittiesustoourfamilies,holdingaspecialandpersonalvalueforus.Foodfromourfamilyoftenbecomesthecomfortweseekasadultsintimesoffrustrationandstress.Onalargescale,traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.3Immigrantsbringitwherevertheygo,anditisasymbolofpridefortheircultureandmeansofcopingwithhomesickness.Manyimmigrantsopentheirownrestaurantsandservetraditionaldishes.However,thefooddoesnotremainexactlythesame.Somematerialsneededtomaketraditionaldishesmaynotbereadilyavailable,sothetasteandflavorcanbedifferentfromwhattheywouldprepareintheirhomecountries.Additionally,immigrantsdonotonlyselldishestopeoplefromthesamecountriesasthem,buttopeoplefromdifferentcountries.4Thosechangescancreatenewflavorsthatstillkeeptheculturalsignificanceofthedishes.Weshouldembraceourheritage(傳統(tǒng))throughourculture'sfoodbutalsobecomemoreinformedaboutotherculturesbytryingtheirfood.Itisimportanttorememberthateachdishhasaspecialplaceintheculturetowhichitbelongs,andisspecialtothosewhoprepareit.5A．Foodisawindowintoculture,anditshouldbetreatedassuch.B．Onanindividuallevel,wegrowupeatingthefoodofourculture.C．Thesmellandtasteofthefoodisveryfamiliartous.D．Italsooperatesasanexpressionofcultureidentity.E．Therefore,theyhavetomakesmallchangesabouttheoriginaldishestocatertoawiderrangeofcustomers.F．Doyoueveraskyourselfwhycertainfoodsorcookingtraditionsaresoimportanttoyourculture?G．Astheworldbecomesmoreglobalized,itiseasiertoaccessfoodsfromdifferentcultures.語(yǔ)篇解讀：本文是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。文章主要從食物與文化的關(guān)系的角度動(dòng)身，認(rèn)為傳統(tǒng)食物是文化的重要組成部分，它也是文化認(rèn)同的表現(xiàn)和了解文化的窗口。1．選F上文Haveyoueverwonderedthatthefoodyoueateverydaycantellyouaboutwhereyoucomefrom?Haveyoueverwonderedwhypeoplefromdifferentpartsoftheworldeatdifferenttypesoffood？與F項(xiàng)Doyoueveraskyourselfwhycertainfoodsorcookingtraditionsaresoimportanttoyourculture？承接自然，選項(xiàng)的問(wèn)題和上文的兩個(gè)問(wèn)題一起導(dǎo)入本文的話題——食物與文化之間的關(guān)系。故選F項(xiàng)。2．選B分析段落結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處為本段中心句，與下段首句Onalargescale,traditionalfoodisanimportantpartofculture.呼應(yīng)。且由下文Manyassociatefoodsfromour