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UNIT3
SectionB
Usinglanguage【詞語辨析】likely,possible與probable三者都可表示“可能的”??赡苄裕簆robable>likely>possible(1)likely:主語為人、物或形式主語it句式:Sb./Sth.islikelytodosth.
Itislikelythat...(2)possible:主語為物或形式主語it句式:Itispossible(forsb.)todosth./Itispossiblethat...(3)probable:主語為物或形式主語it句式:Itisprobablethat...
辨析填空(likely/possible/probable)(1)Woulditbe
formetospeaktothechiefdoctorandtellhimtouselessmorphine?(2)Itis
thattheaddictwillbesenttothetreatmentcentre.(3)Astimegoesby,thepriceofhousesis
tobereducedtoanormallevel.單句寫作(4)Theinjuredboy
(有可能)receivetreatmenttomorrow.(5)
(他有可能)hewillsharehisexperiencewithus.(6)[2015·四川卷]Brianisgiftedinwritingmusic;he
(非常有可能成為)aBeethoven.possiblelikely/possible/probablelikelyislikelytoItislikelythatisverylikelytobe詞匯六additionn.增加物,添加物;此外,除此之外inaddition除此之外
【教材原句】Eachyear,manyadditionsaremadetoEnglishdictionaries.每年,英語詞典都會增加許多詞條?!疽c必記】inaddition“除此之外,另外”,是副詞,單獨作狀語inadditionto“除……之外(還)”,是短語介詞,后接名詞、代詞或動名詞【學(xué)法點撥】inaddition可用于句首、句中或句末,用于句首或句中時,通常用逗號與句子的其他部分隔開。 辨析填空(inaddition/inadditionto)(1)Icanposttheletterforyou.
,doingsomewalkingdoesmegood.(2)
thenamesonthelist,therearesixotherapplicants.(3)[天津卷]
theschool,thevillagehasaclinic,whichwasalsobuiltwithgovernmentsupport.單句寫作(4)Theproductsareofhighquality.
(另外),thepriceislow.(5)
(除了游泳),shelikesplayingtheguitar.InadditionInadditiontoInadditiontoInadditionInadditiontoswimming單元語法構(gòu)詞法英語構(gòu)詞法主要有四種:派生法、合成法、轉(zhuǎn)化法和縮略法。 要點一派生法
在一個詞根的前面或后面加上某個詞綴生成一個新詞,這種構(gòu)詞法稱為派生法。加在前面的詞綴叫前綴,加在后面的詞綴叫后綴。 (1)前綴前綴一般只改變詞的意義,不改變詞性。①表示否定意義的前綴 前綴例詞un-unfit不健康的;不合適的unlike不像unlimited無限的dis-dislike不喜歡disagree不同意disappear消失前綴例詞in-/im-/ir-/il-incomplete不完全的impossible不可能的irregular不規(guī)則的illegal不合法的non-non-smoker不抽煙者non-stop不停的non-violence非暴力mis-misunderstand誤解misuse誤用misread讀錯②表示其他意義的前綴 前綴含義例詞a-
的asleep睡著的alive活著的en-使enrich使豐富enlarge使擴大inter-互相international國際的Internet因特網(wǎng)re-再,又,重recycle再循環(huán)rebuild重建tele-遠(yuǎn)程的television電視telescope望遠(yuǎn)鏡前綴含義例詞auto-
自動automatic自動的autodial自動撥號co-共同co-worker同事cooperate合作anti-反對,防止antibody抗體antifreeze防凍劑multi-多multicultural多元文化的multichannel多頻道的kilo-千kilogram千克kilometre千米(2)后綴后綴通常改變詞性,構(gòu)成意思相近的其他詞性的詞,少數(shù)后綴會改變詞義。①形容詞后綴 后綴含義例詞-able可……的,能……的acceptable可接受的movable可移動的-al屬于……的,具有……性質(zhì)的cultural文化的magical有魔力的-an某地的,……人的Asian亞洲(人)的Canadian加拿大(人)的-en由……制作的wooden木制的woolen羊毛的后綴含義例詞-ern……方向的eastern東方的western西方的-ese
某國(人)的Chinese中國(人)的Japanese日本(人)的-ful充滿……的harmful有害的respectful恭敬的-less沒有……的useless無用的hopeless絕望的-ic/-ical與……有關(guān)的,……的historic歷史的typical典型的后綴含義例詞-ish如……的selfish自私的childish孩子氣的-ive有……性質(zhì)的,有……傾向的impressive給人深刻印象的protective保護的-ous有……特性的dangerous危險的mountainous多山的;山一般的-ly有……性質(zhì)的friendly友好的likely可能的-y充滿……的wealthy富有的dusty積滿灰塵的②動詞后綴
后綴例詞-fy/-ifysimplify簡化classify將……分類-enshorten縮短widen加寬-ize/-iserealize/realise實現(xiàn)apologize/apologise道歉③副詞后綴 后綴含義例詞-ly……地personally就個人而言;親自totally完全地-ward(s)表示“方向”forward(s)向前(地)westward(s)向西(地)④名詞后綴 后綴含義例詞-er
人designer設(shè)計師programmer程序員-or人sailor水手actor演員-ist
人specialist專家artist藝術(shù)家-ess女性,雌性actress女演員lioness母獅-ful充滿……的量handful一把mouthful一滿口后綴含義例詞-ment狀態(tài),結(jié)果excitement興奮,刺激achievement成就-ness狀態(tài),性質(zhì)sickness疾病kindness仁慈,好意-tion/-ation狀態(tài),行為production生產(chǎn);制造explanation解釋;說明-sion狀態(tài),行為admission允許進入permission許可;允許-th性質(zhì),狀態(tài),過程warmth溫暖strength強項;力量-an/-ian人musician音樂家physician醫(yī)生后綴含義例詞-ism……主義;行業(yè)optimism樂觀;樂觀主義tourism旅游業(yè)-ship情況,狀態(tài),性質(zhì);身份,職業(yè);技能relationship關(guān)系citizenship公民權(quán)musicianship音樂技能-y
狀態(tài),性質(zhì)difficulty困難honesty誠實-hood時期;狀態(tài);身份childhood童年motherhood母親身份⑤數(shù)詞后綴
后綴例詞-teenfourteen十四eighteen十八-tyforty四十eighty八十-thfourth第四eighth第八第一組:前綴用括號內(nèi)所給詞的派生詞填空(1)Shenevergetsanyexercise—shemustbereally
(fit).(2)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]Hernervousnessquickly
(appear)onceshewasonstage.(3)No,I
(agree).Idon’tthinkitwouldbetherightthingtodo.(4)—IwanttospeaktoMrFranks.—I’mafraidthat’s
(possible).(5)[2015·湖北卷]Thismeetingroomisa
(smoking)area.Iwouldliketowarnyouinadvancethatifyousmokedhereyouwouldbefined. unfitdisappeareddisagreeimpossiblenon-smoking(6)Don’t
(understand)me—Iamgratefulforallyou’vedone.(7)Hewassotiredthathefell
(sleep)athisdesk.(8)Itwasabadaccident—they’reluckytobe
(live).(9)Thestudyofsciencehas
(rich)allourlives.(10)Readingwill
(large)yourvocabulary.(11)Howdoyoufindan
(national)partnerforyourproject?(12)Wetakeallourbottlestobe
(cycle).(13)Lucyturnedonthe
(vision)towatchtheeveningnews. misunderstandasleepaliveenrichedenlargeinternationalrecycledtelevision單詞拼寫(14)Mycameraisfully
(自動的).(15)Thinkaboutsomethingthathappenedtoyou,a
(同事),oramemberofyourfamily.(16)Weliveina
(多元文化的)society. automaticco-workermulticultural第二組:后綴用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空(17)ForthiscourseapassinEnglishatgradeBis
(accept).(18)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]Itisimportanttolookatthepoliticaland
(culture)contextinwhichthenovelwaswritten.(19)[2015·福建卷]Inthepicture,wecanseeaboyinwornclothes,sittingatashabby
(wood)tablewithapileofbooksonit.(20)[2019·天津卷]Personally,I’dwanttolearnabout
(west)painting.(21)[2019·江蘇卷]It’sanopportunitytomakethe
(China)culturebetterknowntointernationalstudents.
acceptableculturalwoodenwesternChinese(22)Ifweknowthatgossip(流言蜚語)canbe
(harm),thenwhydosomanyofusdoit?(23)Waterhadgotintotheradio,andnowitwascompletely
(use).(24)[2017·浙江11月卷]Themostobviousthingisthatthereismuchmoreactivityinthestreetsthanina
(type)UScity.(25)[2016·全國Ⅱ卷]BrucePedersonsaystheideaisforpeoplenottobe_________(self)bykeepingabooktogatherdustonashelfathome.(26)Shewasvery
(impress)intheinterview. harmfuluselesstypicalselfishimpressive(27)[2018·天津卷]Theforestinthedarkis
(danger)forthem.(28)[2015·天津卷]Ineedn’thaveworriedbeforeIcametothenewschool,formyclassmatesherearevery
(friend)tome.(29)Heleftasapoor,workingclassboyandreturnedasa
(wealth)man.(30)Thebooksinthelibraryare
(class)accordingtosubject.(31)[2016·全國Ⅱ卷]Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecan
(broad)ourviewandgainknowledgewecannotgetfrombooks. (32)[2019·浙江卷]BeforehearingfromZac,Adelinehadn’t
(realize)themedalwasmissing.
dangerousfriendlywealthyclassifiedbroadenrealized(33)[2019·全國Ⅰ卷]Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypes___________(different).(34)[2019·全國Ⅰ卷]Whatisthesecondparagraph
(main)about?(35)[2019·全國Ⅲ卷]ForWestern
(design),Chinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspiration(靈感)forWesterncreative.(36)[2019·全國Ⅱ卷]Then,whenIwasinthefifthgrade,Iwantedtobea_________(teach)becauseIlikedmyEnglish
(teach)very/somuch.(37)[2016·全國Ⅱ卷]Simonisacomedianand
(act)whohas10years’experienceofteachingcomedy.(38)[2019·江蘇卷]Naomi,Melissa’sbestfriendandatalented
(piano),gottoknowaboutthisandshowedwillingnesstohelp.
differentlymainlydesignersteacherteacheractorpianist(39)[2018·浙江11月卷]Cabbiesknowallthelatestnewsaboutfilmstars,theRoyalFamily,governmentleaders,andpopularsingersoractorsand
(act).(40)[2017·浙江卷]LastOctober,whiletendinghergardeninMora,Sweden,LenaPahlssonpulledouta
(hand)ofsmallcarrotsandwasabouttothrowthemaway.(41)[2019·全國Ⅲ卷]This
(develop)didnottakeplaceovernight.(42)[2019·全國Ⅱ卷]First,youneedtoevaluate(評估)yourself,yourvalues,yourstrengths,your
(weak),your
(achieve),yourdesires,etc.Onlythenshouldyousetyourgoals.(43)[2019·全國Ⅱ卷]Weareconfidentthatwecanwinthis
(compete).Butwesincerelyhopeyouwillgiveusyourguidanceand
(encourage). actresseshandfuldevelopmentweaknessesachievementscompetitionencouragement(44)[2019·江蘇卷]Hefeltconcernedabouthis
(ill).(45)[2019·天津3月卷]Forthefirsttime,Icouldsee
(soft)and_________(warm)inhiseyes. (46)[2019·全國Ⅰ卷]Whatmakesthe
(invent)ofthesmartkeyboardpossible?(47)[2019·全國Ⅱ卷]Thereweretworeasonsforthe
(decide).(48)[2018·江蘇卷]Theartscreatejobsthathelpdeveloptheeconomy.Anygivenperformancetakesatourbusfullofartists,technicalexperts,managers,___________(music),orwriterstocreateanappealing(有感染力的)pieceofart.
illnesssoftnesswarmthinventiondecisionmusicians(49)[2019·全國Ⅲ卷]“Ofcourse,wenoticeitwhenthesunisshining,”saysKarinRo,whoworksforthetown’s
(tour)office.(50)[2019·天津卷]—Mysongotafull
(scholar)tohisdreamuniversity!—Wow,goodforhim!What’shegoingtostudy?(51)[2018·浙江卷]Ihaveno
(difficult)communicatingwiththem.(52)[2019·北京卷]
(honest)isthebestpolicy.(53)[2018·浙江11月卷]Youprobablyhavebeenusingcaffeinesince___________(child).(54)[2019·北京卷]Regardlessoftheweatherorthedistance,PaulWilsonwillmakesurelow-incomestudentsinhis
(neighbour)arriveattheircollegeclassesontime. tourismscholarshipdifficultyHonestychildhoodneighbourhood要點二合成法
把兩個或兩個以上的詞合成一個新詞,這種構(gòu)詞法叫合成法,由合成法構(gòu)成的詞叫合成詞。(1)合成名詞的主要構(gòu)成方法①
n.+n.pineapple菠蘿mankind人類eggplant茄子 ②adj.+n.greenhouse溫室highway公路blackboard黑板 ③v.+n.breakwater防波堤pickpocket扒手playground操場④n.+v.sunshine陽光daybreak破曉 sunrise日出haircut理發(fā)⑤n.+v.-ingsightseeing觀光handwriting書法⑥v.-ing+n.diningcar餐車waitingroom候診室;候車室 ⑦adv.+n.inland內(nèi)陸overcoat大衣⑧v.+adv.get-together聯(lián)歡會breakdown破裂⑨adv.+v.outbreak爆發(fā)output產(chǎn)量downfall垮臺income收入⑩pron.+n.he-goat公山羊she-wolf母狼?其他方式:well-being健康grown-up成年人brother-in-law姐/妹夫go-between中間人commander-in-chief總司令passer-by路人 (2)合成動詞的主要構(gòu)成方法①n.+v.sunbathe沐日光浴sleepwalk夢游②adv.+v.download下載undergo經(jīng)歷③
adj.+v.whitewash粉刷blacklist列入黑名單 (3)合成形容詞的主要構(gòu)成方法①
adj.+n.-ednoble-minded高尚的good-tempered脾氣好的②
adj.+v.-inggood-looking好看的easy-going隨和的③adv.+v.-inghard-working勤勞的far-reaching影響深遠(yuǎn)的④n.+v.-ingpeace-loving熱愛和平的⑤n.+過去分詞state-owned國營的sunburnt曬黑的⑥adv.+過去分詞well-known著名的 widespread廣泛流傳的 ⑦adj./adv.+n.full-time全職的high-class高級的downtown市區(qū)的⑧n.+adj.ice-cold冰冷的airsick暈機的seasick暈船的carsick暈車的homesick想家的⑨num.+n.million-pound百萬英鎊的first-class頭等的⑩num.+n.+adj.eight-year-old八歲的five-metre-long五米長的?num.+n.-edthree-legged三條腿的ten-storeyed10層的?其他方式構(gòu)成的合成形容詞overall全部的face-to-face面對面的all-round全面的happy-go-lucky無憂無慮的 (4)合成副詞的主要構(gòu)成方法①adj.+n. hotfoot匆忙地②adv.+adv. however然而③prep.+n. overnight一夜之間④prep.+adv. forever永遠(yuǎn)(5)合成介詞的主要構(gòu)成方法①adv.+n. outside在……外面②prep.+adv. within在……之內(nèi) 完成句子第一組(1)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]學(xué)校組織了一次郊游。有些學(xué)生帶著菠蘿、火腿、炸茄子以及其他食物。Theschoolorganizedanouting.Somestudentstook
,hams,fried__________andotherfoodwiththem.(2)我們?yōu)槿祟惖男腋6?。Welabourforthehappinessof
.pineappleseggplantsmankind(3)[2015·廣東卷]薩莉走到講臺上,拿起一支粉筆,在黑板上寫了:“規(guī)則一:我們是一家人!”Sallywalkedontotheplatform,pickedupapieceofchalkandwroteonthe
:“Rule1:Wearefamily!”(4)我離開操場時,孩子們的笑聲還在我耳邊回響。 Thechildren’slaughterwasstillringinginmyearsasIleftthe
.(5)[2019·全國Ⅲ卷]3500名居民不能同時享受陽光。The3,500residentscannotallenjoythe
atthesametime. blackboardplaygroundsunshine(6)[2017·北京卷]此外,沿江風(fēng)光令人驚嘆,有許多著名的觀光景點。Moreover,thesceneryalongtheriverisamazing,withmanywell-known___________spots.(7)候車室的公告牌要求人們不要吸煙和隨地吐痰。Noticesinthe
requestedthatyouneithersmokenorspit.(8)他把帽子和大衣放在一張椅子上。Heplacedhiscapand
onachair.(9)我在聯(lián)歡會上交了許多新朋友。Imademanynewfriendsatthe
. sightseeingwaitingroomovercoatget-together(10)旅游業(yè)是這個地區(qū)的主要收入來源。Tourismisamajorsourceof
forthearea.(11)[2016·全國Ⅱ卷]然后走出去,制訂一個計劃,把你的童年記憶轉(zhuǎn)化為你的成年人花園。Thengooutsideandworkoutaplantotranslateyourchildhoodmemoriesintoyour_________garden.(12)我走進一家咖啡館坐下,望著來往的路人。Iwentandsatinacafeandwatchedthe
. incomegrown-uppassers-by第二組(13)每天上午富蘭克林都在游泳池中游泳,在池邊曬太陽。Franklinswamand
atthepooleverymorning.(14)用戶可以把資料下載到臺式機上。Userscan
theirmaterialtoadesktopPC.(15)墻已經(jīng)粉刷過了。Thewallshadbeen
.sunbatheddownloadwhitewashed第三組(16)他救了落水的朋友,這是很高尚的。Itwas
whenhesavedhisfriendfromdrowning.(17)她生性隨和,人緣很好。Her
naturemadeherpopular.(18)辛勤工作的人通常有可能得到他們想要的。
peopleusuallycangetwhattheywant.(19)我認(rèn)為他的演講激勵了每一個愛好和平的人。Ithinkthathisspeechinspiredevery
person. noble-mindedeasy-goingHard-workingpeace-loving(20)第二年,杰克被曬黑了,但是卻對自己的生產(chǎn)非常滿意。Thenextyear,Jackwas
butsatisfiedwithhisproductionverymuch.(21)[2017·浙江卷]著名畫家威廉·威廉姆斯來看他工作。WilliamWilliams,a
painter,cametoseehimwork. (22)媽媽有一份全職工作,但她必須做大部分家務(wù)。Momhasa
job,butshehastodomostofthehousework.
sunburntwell-knownfull-time(23)[詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)]在我看來,這個女孩幾乎對什么都“暈”。她暈車、暈船、暈機,甚至想家。Inmyview,thegirlis“sick”ofalmosteverything.Sheis
,
,_______andeven
.(24)這是一種優(yōu)等葡萄酒。Thisisa
wine.(25)[2019·全國Ⅱ卷]一位90歲的老人被授予“年度最佳女性”稱號,因為她是英國最年長的全職員工,每周工作40小時。A
hasbeenawarded“WomanOfTheYear”forbeingBritain’soldestfull-timeemployee—stillworking40hoursaweek.(26)突然,她發(fā)現(xiàn)了一張三條腿的小桌。Suddenlyshefoundalittle
table. carsickseasickairsickhomesickfirst-class90-year-oldthree-legged第四組(27)[2019·浙江
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