15個(gè)化學(xué)習(xí)中的挑戰(zhàn)及如何克服它們（英文版）

15DigitalLearningChallenges&HowtoOvercomeThem

AneBookCrowdsourcedfromtheSchoologyCommunity

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DigitalLearning:EasierSaidthanDone?

Theageofdigitallearning,alongwithalltheinterestingandinnovativetoolsthatsupportithasarrived.Butwithoutasoundstrategyandalaserfocusonlearningoutcomes,allthetechnologyintheworldwon’tmakedigitallearningworkforyou.

Thegoodnews—everyone’sstilllearninginthesameboat.Thosechallengesyou’refacingrightnow(orwillfaceinthefuture),arevirtuallyidenticaltotheonesothereducatorsandadministratorsfaceintheirownschoolordistrict.

That’swhywecreatedthisebook,sourcingsomeofthetopdigitallearningchallengesandhowtoovercomethemrightfromthefrontlines.Thisebookisforbeginnerandveterandigitaleducators.Ittouchesonchallengesandsolutionsfor:

Overcomingalackofdevicesforstudents

Lettingstudentslearnattheirownpace

Movingeducatorsfromdigitallyilliteratetodigitallyproficient

Andmore

TeacherChallengesinK-12

Beforejumpingrightintothechallengesandsolutions,let’ssetthestagebylookingatsomedatafromour2017GlobalStateofDigitalLearningresearchstudy.Inearly2017wesurveyednearly3,000K-12educatorsand

administrators.Onequestionaskedtobotheducatorsandadministratorswasaroundtheirtopchallengesfacedduringthe2016-17schoolyear.

Shownbelowarethechallengesfacedbyteachers(adminchallengesshownonthefollowingpage).Asyou’llsee,thetoptwochallengesteachersfacedbyfararetheirstudents’accesstotechnologyandalackoftimeduringtheday.

Teachers:Whatwereyourtopchallengesfordigitallearningin2016-17?

(respondentscouldchoosemultipleanswers-top5shownbelow)

39.86%

36.41%

30.28%

29.45%

28.89%

Students’accesstotechnology

Lackoftimeduringnormal

businesshours

Multipledigitaltoolsbeingusedfor

teaching/learning

Lackofdigitizedcurriculum

Lackofparent/guardianinvolvement/understanding

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

n=1,942

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AdminChallengesinK-12

Administrators,asyouwouldguess,havemuchbroaderconcernsthantheirfaculty.Definedinoursurveyasanyonewhoisnotaclassroominstructorforsimplicity,the#1challengeofadminwasprovidingeffective

professionaldevelopment.Thechallengesoftechinfrastructure,lackofcollaboration,devicemanagement,and

assessingandreportingoninstructionaleffectivenessweren’tfarbehind.

Administrators:Whatwereyourtopchallengesfordigitallearningin2016-17?

(respondentscouldchoosemultipleanswers-top5shownbelow)

41.81%

32.41%

29.98%

28.21%

26.22%

Providingrelevantandeffectiveprofessionaldevelopment

Technologicalinfrastructure(wifi,

security,etc.)

Lackoffaculty/staffcollaboration

Devicemanagement

Assessingandreportingonteachingstrategyandeffectiveness

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

n=904

DigitalLearningChallenges&Solutions

Note:Inthefollowingsection,eachpagewascontributedbyamemberoftheSchoologycommunity—eitherbyaSchoologyAmbassadororamemberofSchoology’sstaff.

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EffectivelyGaugingStudentUnderstanding

TheChallenge:Asanelementaryteacherofadiversegroupoffourthgraders,IoftenfoundithardtoknowifmystudentsunderstoodwhatIwasteaching.Inmyclassroom,IworkedwithEnglishLanguageLearners,specialeducationstudents,childrenwithbehaviorplans,and504plans,andthelistofneedsgoesonandon.Oftentimes,itwasdifficulttoassessallofthesedifferentstudents,withalloftheirdifferentlearningneeds,onalloftheirdifferentlevels.Itbecametimeconsumingandhardtomanageeveryend-of-lessonexitticketandformativeassessment.

TheSolution:ThankstoSchoology’sLMSpairedwithExplainEverything,mystudentswereabletocommunicatetheirunderstandingofwhatwastaught.Insteadofwriting,studentsutilizedthemicrophoneandwebcamonSchoologytotellaboutwhattheylearned.TheycouldreadaloudbookssothatIcouldassesstheiroralreadingfluencytoo.UsingExplainEverything,studentsdrewonthescreen’swhiteboardwhileexplainingtheirunderstanding.Thiscameinhandywhenassessingmathconcepts.Totopitoff,studentswerethenabletouploadtheirExplainEverythingvideostoamediaalbuminSchoologywheretheycouldhelptoteachoneanother.

MovingEducatorsfromDigitallyIlliteratetoDigitallyProficient

TheChallenge:Oftencalleddigitalnatives,ourcurrentstudentshavebeenbornintoadigitallyconnectedworld.Recentresearchindicatesthereisnorelationshipbetweenaperson’sageandtheirabilitytoachieveasadigitallearner.Teachersrecognizetheneedtoimparttoday’sstudentswithtechnologicalskills,digitalliteracies,toenhanceopportunitiestocontributeinamodern,technologicallydrivenworld.

Whataboutteachers?How,when,andwherearetheydevelopingdigitalliteracies?Oneprovenstrategyhelpingmoderneducatorsimprovetheirdigitalliteracyistheinclusionoftechnologystandards,suchastherecentlyupdatedISTEStandardsforEducators,intheirprofessionallearningplan.

TheSolution:Betterdescribedaslearningdispositions,theISTEStandardsforEducatorsprovidepathwaysforteachersandstudentstobecomeempowered,digitallearners.Inmyexperienceasatechnologycoach,manyteachersarelookingforasafeplacetopracticetheiruseoftechnologytools,interactwithotherlearners,andcreatedigitalartifactsoftheirlearning.AnLMS,suchasSchoology,providesjustsuchaplace.WhenlearningobjectivesaremappedagainstSchoologyfeatures,itbecomesapparenteducatorscanenhancedigitalliteracybylearningeffectivewaystouseUpdates,Discussions,Portfolios,Pages,andBlogsintheirpractice.Developingcomfort,confidence,andcompetenceusingthesedigitaltoolshelpsstudentstobecomebetterdigitallearners.Teacherscanshowstudentsthatonecanbeaneffectivedigitallearnerregardlessofage.

RampingUpStudentsonNewDigitalLearningTools

TheChallenge:Usingnewtechnologyintheclassroomispartofbeingamoderndayteacher.Studentslovenewtools!Newtoolskeepinstructionfunandexciting,butthereisn’tmuchtimeinthedaytoteachstudentstheinsandoutsofeachnewtool.Whenyouaretheonlyteacherintheroom,studentquestionscankeepyouontherunandtheytakeuptoomuchtime.Studentsneedbasicknowledgeoftoolspriortousingthemforeffectiveinstruction.One

digitalchallengeisefficientlyhelpingstudentslearnnewtoolssotheycanbeusedtosupportteaching

andlearning.

TheSolution:Ateachercouldusestudenttechinstructorswhenintroducingnewtools.Selectasmallgroupofstudentstobetechinstructors.Showthetechinstructorsthetopfivefeaturesofthetool.Thesestudentsthenteachtheirpeers.

“Askthreebeforeme”isanotherstrategy.Studentsmustaskthreestudentsaroundthemtheirquestionbeforeaskingtheteacher.

Finally,teacherscangivestudentsfiveminutesofdiscoverytimepriortousingthesoftwareforinstruction.Afterdiscoverytime,studentssharetheirdiscoveries.Recordthetipsandstudentnameonacollaborativedocument.Duringtheproject,peersconsultthedocumenttoaccessfeatureexperts.

InspiringandManagingChangeattheInstitutionalLevel

TheChallenge:FouryearsagoIwashiredtocreateinstitutionalchangebyhavingfacultyuseourLMSasmorethanjustaplacetohouseasyllabus.Brandnewtotheinstitution,Ihadtofigureouthowto“movepeopleforwardonthetrain”withoutoverwhelmingthem(actually,withoutfreakingthemout).Moreimportantly,IhadtolearnhowtouseSchoology’sLMS(luckily,it’squiteintuitive).AtHebrewCollege,there

wereover1,500studentsandcloseto100facultyacrossthedepartments.They’dhadtheLMSforthreeyearspriortomyarrivalbutneveruseditdeeply,andIwashiredtoworkwithfacultyafterthey’destablishedabase-levelofcomfortwiththesystem.Mychallengethenwasfiguringouthowtocreatechangeonaninstitutionallevel.

TheSolution:Itallcomesdowntopeople.WhatImeanbythatisthatItriedthelargetargetapproach(sendingweeklynewslettersaboutfeatures,offeringgroupclasses).Ireceivedtwotypesofresponsesformynewsletter:thefirstwasthenuancedgrammaticalissuesthatwouldbugalinguisticsprofessorandthesecondcamefrom

aDeanwhowrote,“Sendtheseoutquarterly.Theyaretakinguproomonmyemail.”WhenIofferedin-persongrouptrainings,Iwasmetwith...silenceandtumbleweeds.Nooneshowed.Iregroupedandtriedtheone-on-onemethod.Loandbehold,itworked.IwasabletoworkwithindividualsandmovethemalongintheirunderstandingofhowtousetheLMS.ItisaSLOWprocessandIamachingformoreadvice.But,workingone-on-onewasagoodstart.

EnablingEducatorstoUnderstand

andLeverageTechnologyIntegration

TheChallenge:Onechallengefacedbymanyeducatorsismeetinglearnersattheirpointofneedwhenitcomestotechnologyintegration.Oftentimes,educatorshavenotbeentrainedinthoughtfullyintegratingtechnology.Somemaybeintimidatedbyit,othersmaynotseetheneedforitintheirpractice,

andothersmaywanttoexploreeverynewthingtheyreadorhearabout.Aseducationalleaders,weneedtoprovideourteacherswithasmuchsupportandasmanyresourcesaswecantoencouragethemtoincorporatetechnologyintotheirpracticeanduseittoenhanceinstructionandstudentlearning.

TheSolution:Toovercomethischallenge,itisimportanttosurveyteachers’needsandareasofinterest.Professionallearningopportunitiesshouldbedifferentiatedtoprovidethetypeofsupportteachersarelookingfor,whetherthatbeonlineorface-to-face.Similarly,itisnecessarytokeepteachersgroundedinstrongpedagogywhenintegratingtechnology.Onewaytoaccomplishthisistotietechintegrationtothe4C’s.Byhavingteacherschooseaspecificstudentoutcometiedtocommunication,collaboration,creativity,orcritical

thinking,technologycantrulybeviewedasatooltoenhancequalityinstructioninsteadofastheendgoalitself.

KeepingAllStakeholdersUptoSpeedonNewTechnologyandOtherChanges

TheChallenge:Asaformerschooladministratoroneofthechallengestoembracingdigitallearningwascreatinganinternal“newtous”program.WhenstudentscomeinJanuary,it’simportanttoensurethemandtheirfamiliesunderstandandhaveaccesstoouronlinetools.Teachingisnotalwaysalifelongjob—whatdoyoudowithlongtermsubstitutesor

mid-yearhires?Onceyouboardthecyberbus,canyouslowdownattimestoallowotherstoboard?Whoisresponsible?When,where,andhowdoyoutrain,wheneveryoneisalreadyjugglingsomuch?

TheSolution:Oursolutionwastoattachdigitaltrainingontotypical“newtous”tasksforregistrations.Ourcounselormetwithstudentarrivals,managingsign-onsandcoveringDigitalCitizenship.Oursecretaryassignedfamilies“newschoolguides.”Cyber-savvyparentvolunteerswouldreachoutandinviteparentstojoinourmonthly“DigitalLearning”forumandfollowup.Newteacherswereachallenge—theyhavenoavailabilityduringthedaytotrain.Alas,moneywastheanswer.Withinthefirstmonthofhire,wepaidforsubstitutecoverage,totrain“newbies.”Maintainingdigitalliteracywasanafterthought,butitbecameapurposefulpieceofourculture.

GettingPastGeographicalBoundariestoConnectwithOtherEducators

TheChallenge:BeingtheonlyworldlanguageteacherinaruralschoolforthepastfourteenyearsIwasisolatedinmyprofession.Thiscausedmetostagnateinmygrowthasateacherandinnovatorwhichinturndirectlyaffectedstudentlearninginmycourses.

TheSolution:FiveyearsagoIwasintroducedtousingTwitterasnotonlyaprofessionaldevelopmenttoolbutasawaytoconnectwithothereducatorsandexperts.TheconnectionsIhavemadeandthegrowthofmyprofessionallearningnetworkhavedirectlyimpactedmyteachingcareer.Beingaconnectededucatorwillbenefityourstudentsandinspireyoutocontinuetogrowasaprofessional.

BuildingYourPLNWhenOneIsn’tImmediatelyAvailabletoYou

TheChallenge:Iworkinarathersmallschooldistrict.IamtheteamleaderformyEnglishdepartmentforgrades7–12.Thisteamconsistsoffourcorecurriculumteachersandtwoveteranteachers,whohavemovedontootherduties,butstillteachELAelectivecourses.WhileIhaveanamazingteam,itiseasytofeelthatIamsometimesmyownisland,beingtheonlypersonintheentiredistrictwhoteachesmy

particularcourses.Ioftenfindmyselflookingforperspectivesandresources,especiallyinregardstotechnology,

fromoutsidesourcesthatIcanbringbacktomyteamandutilizemyself.

TheSolution:MyonlinePLNhasservedasanamazingsourceofprofessionaldevelopment,communication,andcollaborationwithothereducators.IhaveusedTwittertoconnectwithadministrators,teachers,technologycoordinators,andeducationalcoaches.I’vegainedadvice,ideas,andevencollaboratedwithothersviaemailandGoogleDocs.Additionally,educationalTwitterchatshaveallowedgreatopportunitiestoconnectwithothers.Closededucational-relatedFacebookgroupshaveproventobeagreatsourceforsharingideasandlessonplans.Finally,thevariousgroupsavailableviaSchoology,suchastheSchoologyeducatorsgroupandtheLanguageArtsgroup,havebeencontinuouslyhelpful.

ConsistentlyCommunicatingWithParents

TheChallenge:Communicatingwithparentscanbeatrickyroadtowalkdown.Doyousendhomeapapernewsletter,useemail,utilizeateacherwebpage,orpostupdatesviaanLMSoreducation-basedapp?Somanyoptions.Andwithallofthoseoptions,parentscanquicklybecomeconfused.Theydon’tknowwheretocheckfortheinformationtheyneed,theybecomeoverwhelmedandgiveup.Thisistheworstpossiblescenariobecausenowtheparentisn’tusinganyofthecommunicationoptions!

TheSolution:Eventhoughitsoundsgreat,toomanyoptionscanbetoomuchforparents.Thinkabouttheparentthathasmorethanonestudent,ittrulybecomescommunicationoverload.Thewaytosolvethis

problemistostreamline.Pickacoupleofwaystosendoutinfoandstickwiththem.Youmightevenbeabletocombineacoupleoftheoptions.AreyouusinganLMS?PostanupdateANDattachthenewsletter,noneedtoalsosendthenewsletterviaemail.Whataboutthecalendar?MaintainyourcalendarinsideyourLMS,everythingisinonespot.Letyourparentsknowwhentoexpectupdatesfromyou.EveryMondaymorningsendout

“Whattoexpectthisweek.”Consistencycanbecomeyourally,parentswilllearnwhentoexpectyourupdate,eliminatingthatquestionintheirmindsofwhatishappeningandwhatisgoingonatschool.Yourultimategoalistomakesuretheparentsreceivetheinformation—usetechnologytoyouradvantage.

OverwhelmingWhenRollingOutNewTechnologyandTools

TheChallenge:OneofthedigitallearningchallengesthatIhavefacedisactuallyinmycurrentroleasanITC.Ourdistrictdecidedtogo1:1andadoptanLMSinthesameyear.Forourtech-resistantteachersthiswasreallyoverwhelming.Infactalot

ofthemshutdowncompletelyandwouldn’tletthedevicesbeusedintheirclassroomsatall.Thechallengewewerefacedwithwasslowlyopening

theseteachersuptousingtechnology.Whatwasourbestpathandhowdowebringtheteachersalong,inpositiveandproductivemanner?

TheSolution:Theprocesswehaveembracedwasbreakingthingsdown.

Talktotheteachersandfindoutwhytheyaresoresistant.Alotoftimesitwasfearoftheunknown.Itwasalso

fearbecauseofalackofexperience.

Weemployeda“coaching”model.Wewentintotheclassroom,modeledlessons,helpeddeveloplessons,andwewouldbetherefortheimplementationofthelesson.

Smallsteps.Weonlyworkedonetoolatatimeandtookaveryslowpace.Onetoolatatime.Overall,thiswasreallysuccessfulandwehaveseenbigchanges.

GaugingStudentUnderstandingBeyondJustTests&Quizzes

TheChallenge:Afterstudentsaskedforthe“packet”thatwentalongwithournovel,Irealizedstudentsweregoodat“doingschool.”Theyweretrained

toreadandanswerthequestionsattheend(or“borrow”theirneighbor’sandcopy).Iwantedtodeepenstudents’interactionwithcontentandgivethemanavenuetoshowcasetheirstrengthsandaddtoacollectivediscussion.Ibeganexploringthe

question,HowcanIgetstudentstocreativelyshowtheirthinkingaboutareadingorothercontentdeliveryandcontributetoanauthenticunderstandingandresponse?

TheSolution:Thisroadblockof“doingschool”canbeovercomebygivingstudentsvoiceandchoicetoshowtheirthinkingandunderstanding.Idevelopedthe“CAR”assignment,whichstandsfor“ChooseaResponse.”Byfocusingonlearninggoalsbutgivingstudentsoptionsabouthowtheyachievethosegoals,teachersandadmincanincreaseengagementandcreativity.UsinganonlinediscussionboardliketheoneinSchoologygavemystudentsanavenuetosharetheirresponseswithpeers,creatingmoreauthenticandmotivatedstudents.

ProvidingRelevantandEffectiveProfessionalDevelopmentforTeachers

TheChallenge:Thereisamultitudeofeducationalresearchandsurveydataavailablethatrevealsahighpercentageofteachersbelievetheirprofessionaldevelopmentofferingsarenoteffective,relevant,orapplicabletotheirprofessionalpractice.Areyoupartofthegroupofeducatorsthatfeelthisway?TheBill

andMelindaGatesFoundationpublishedaninterestingreportcalled

TeachersKnowBest:Teachers’Viewson

ProfessionalDevelopment

thatyoucoulddigintoifyou’reinterestedinsomemoreinformationaboutthis.The

GlobalStateofDigitalLearning

surveythatwasrecentlyconductedbySchoologyrevealedsimilarfindingsfromadministratorswhoparticipatedinthesurvey.The#1challengereportedfromadministratorsinthesurveywasprovidingrelevantandeffectiveprofessionaldevelopmentfortheirteachers.

TheSolution:Ifyou’repartofthegroupofteacherswhofeelthisway,thenIwanttochallengeyoutotakeyourprofessionallearningintoyourownhandsandbecomeaconnectededucator.Ifyou’renotembracingthepowerofthefreedigitaltoolstoconnectwithanexpert,author,oreducatoracrosstheglobewithinminutes,thenyou’remissingout.BelowarethreequicktipstohelpyougetstartedbuildingyourPLN:

Sign-upforaTwitteraccountandstartfollowingandcollaboratingwitheducatorswhohavethesameinterestsasyou.

ReadthebookWhatConnectedEducatorsDoDifferentlybyToddWhitaker,JimmyCasasandJeffereyZoul.ThebookwillhelpyoubuildyourPLNandhelpyoubecomeaConnectedEducator.Iusethisbookwithmygraduatestudentsanditchangestheirentireperspectiveonprofessionallearning.Bepreparedtostepoutsideofyourcomfortzone!

FindandattendanEdCampinyourarea.AnEdCamp,commonlyreferredtoasanunconference,isaparticipantdrivenlearningeventthatgivesyoucontroloveryourlearning.

Findinga“Home”forDigitalLearning

TheChallenge:Yourdistricthasrecentlygiveneverystudentadevicetolearnwith24/7andyouaretheexcitedteachertaskedtotransformeachstudent’slearning.Help!WheredoIstart?HowdoIcreateandorganizecontent,focusonthe4C’sandpersonalizelearning?Thesearecommonquestions

thatinvademostteachers’mindswhenmovingto1:1learningenvironments.Intheearlystagesof1:1itisquitecommonforteacherstoseeka“home”foralldigitalcontent.Nothavinga“home”isunsettlingandcausesafeelingofchaosanddisconnectedlearning.

TheSolution:Schoology’sLMShasbecomethe“home”fordigitallearninginourdistrict.It’swheremanystudentsstartandendtheirday.Teacher’spostdailyagendasandletstudentsmakelearningchoices.Studentscollaborate,communicate,sharetheircreativity,thinkcritically,andpublishtheirworkbyparticipatinginonlinediscussions,assignments,mediaalbums,andassessments.TeachersuseGAFE,onlinetools,etc.thattheylinkorembedinourLMS,makingeverythingeasyforstudentstoaccessbysimplygoing“home.”Thecalendar,grades,andmasterydashboardareasofourLMSassiststudentsintakingownershipoftheirlearningsoeachstudentfeels“rightathome.”

LettingStudentsLearnattheirOwnPace

TheChallenge:AsaComputerteacherinanelementaryschool,Iwouldseemystudentsonceaweekforfortyminutes.Havinganaverageclasssizeof20-25,attimesIwouldstrugglewithhowtoreachalllearners.Whileteachingstudentswordprocessing,somekneweverythingabouttheapplication,whileotherswereseeingitforthefirsttimewalkingintomyclassroom.Whetheritwascomputerorscienceclass,Ikneweveryteachermayfacethischallengeatsomepoint.Iwantedtofigureoutawaytoeducationally

stimulatealldigitallearnersandchallengethemattheirownpace.

TheSolution:Educatorscanovercomethischallengebycreatingself-pacedunits.UsingGameTheoryandSchoology,studentsacceptedthemissiontocompleteallchallenge