訓(xùn)練 33 閱讀理解(說(shuō)明文15題)-2024初中英語(yǔ)中考題型匯編高分訓(xùn)練(全國(guó))

2024初中英語(yǔ)中考題型匯編高分訓(xùn)練訓(xùn)練33閱讀理解(說(shuō)明文精選15題)(一)It’scommontocarrythingsonbikes,trainsandevenplanes.Butdoyouknowsmalldrones(無(wú)人機(jī))canhelpcarrypackagestoyourhome?Fortwoyears,Googlehasbeenworkinghardintheirsecretresearchlab.Theyhavemadegreatprogress.TheirlatestprojectiscalledProjectWing.ProjectWingisGoogle’sinventionofadronedelivery(運(yùn)送)service.Itishalfplaneandhalfhelicopter(直升機(jī))andisslightlybiggerthanaseagull(海鷗).Itcandeliverpackagestocustomers’doors.Thebestthingaboutdronedeliveryservicesisthatdeliverytimewillbegreatlycutdown.You’llbeabletoorderonlineinthemorning.Andbynoon,thedeliverydronewilldeliveryoupackage.Interestingly,dronesarenotthatyoung.TheUSAhasbeenusingarmed(武裝)dronessince2002.Butdronesmayalsogetanotheruse.Filmcompanieshaveaskedtousedronestoshootvideosfromthesky.Google’sdeliverydroneswon’tbeabletoflytocustomersanytimesoon.However,Googlehasprovedthatdronedeliveryispossible.AndwithAmazonannouncingtheirdronedeliveryservicelastyear,theheatisontomakesafeandsuitabledronestoflytheskiesforcustomers.1．WhatisProjectWing?A．Halfplane. B．Adronedeliveryservice. C．Google’sinventionofsearching.2．ForhowlonghasGooglebeenworkinghardondroneshelpingcarrypackages?A．Oneyear. B．Twoyears C．Threeyears.3．Accordingtothepassage,droneshavebeeninuseinthefollowingfieldsexcept______?A．education B．film C．delivery4．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheinvention?A．Thenewinventioncancutdownthetimeofdelivery.B．Amazonalsousesdronesfordeliveryservice.C．Droneswilltakealongtimetodeliverapackage,5．Whatkindofservicedothecustomersneedfordrones’carryingpackages?A．Fast. B．Cheap C．Safeandsuitable.【答案】1．B2．B3．A4．C5．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文.主要講述了無(wú)人機(jī)運(yùn)輸服務(wù)的發(fā)明,探索和實(shí)踐.1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“ProjectWingisGoogle’sinventionofadronedelivery(運(yùn)送)service.”可知該項(xiàng)目就是在說(shuō)谷歌的無(wú)人機(jī)運(yùn)送服務(wù)的發(fā)明.故選B.2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“Fortwoyears,Googlehasbeenworking”可知谷歌在無(wú)人機(jī)幫助運(yùn)輸包裹研究已經(jīng)兩年了.故選B.3．推理判斷題.根據(jù)“theUSAhasbeenusingarmed(武裝)drones”和“filmcompanieshaveaskedtousedrones”可知無(wú)人機(jī)曾用于運(yùn)輸和電影行業(yè),不曾用于教育.故選A.4．推理判斷題.根據(jù)“dronedeliveryservicesisthatdeliverytimewillbegreatlycutdown”無(wú)人機(jī)運(yùn)輸會(huì)縮短時(shí)間,不需要花很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間運(yùn)輸包裹,故C選項(xiàng)不正確.故選C.5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“tomakesafeandsuitabledronestoflytheskiesforcustomers”可知需要向顧客提供安全和適宜的服務(wù).故選C.(二)Techhelpssortourtrash“Whichistherightbinformygarbage(垃圾)?”Thismaybethemost-askedquestioninShanghaisinceitstartedanewgarbagesorting(垃圾分類)programonJuly1,2019.Whenlearningaboutthefourtypesofgarbage—wet,dry,recyclableandharmful—manypeoplemightbeconfusedabouthowtoproperlysortit.Tohelppeoplefigurethisout,China’stechcompaniesaregivingahand.Forexample,ifyouwanttoknowwhichbinyourwetwipes(濕巾)shouldgoin,youcanjustopenaminiappinWechatorAlipayandlookfor“wetwipes”.Theappwillgiveyoutheanswerrightaway.Soon,youmightdoitinaneasierway.Maybeyoucanjusttakeaphotoofthegarbageandthenbetoldwhereitshouldgo.Thiskindoftechnologyiscalledimagerecognition(圖像識(shí)別).Itusesartificialintelligence(AI,人工智能)thatusesthistechnology.Forexample,AMPRoboticsintheUShasmadearobotthatcansortfoodanddrinkpackages(包裝).By“seeing”picturesonthepackaging,therobotwillpickupthetrashandputitintherightplace.Thefutureofthegarbage-sortinglooksgood.Butit’snotthebestway.Thebestthingwecandoistomakelessgarbageinthefirstplace.1．WhendidShanghaistartanewgarbage-sortingprogram?A．4yearsago. B．3yearsago. C．2yearsago. D．Lastyear.2．Whatarethefourtypesofgarbage?A．Wasted,dry,recyclableandharmful. B．Wet,dry,reusedandharmful.C．Wet,dry,recyclableandhelpful. D．Recyclable,harmful,dryandwet.3．HowdoChina’stechcompanieshelppeoplesortthegarbageproperly?A．Bymakinghelpfulrobots. B．Bymakingaminiapp.C．Bytakingpicturesforpeople. D．Byemployingmorecleaners.4．WhatmayAMPRoboticsbe?A．AcompanyintheUS. B．AcinemaintheUS.C．AmuseuminShanghai. D．AcompanyinShanghai.5．Whichisthebestwaytogetabetterenvironmentaccordingtothepassage?A．Makemorerobotstohelpus. B．Trytoproducelessgarbage.C．Designmoreusefulapps. D．Getmorebinsforpeople.【答案】1．C2．D3．B4．A5．B【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了上海2019年7月1日實(shí)施的垃圾分類政策.為幫助人們解決垃圾分類,科技公司制作了一些軟件利用圖像識(shí)別技術(shù)幫助人們進(jìn)行分類.未來(lái)的垃圾分類遠(yuǎn)景不錯(cuò),但是并不是最好的方法,我們應(yīng)該盡可能少產(chǎn)生垃圾.1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第一段“Thismaybethemost-askedquestioninShanghaisinceitstartedanewgarbagesorting(垃圾分類)programonJuly1,2019.”可知,上海是2019年7月1日實(shí)施垃圾分類政策,距離2021年已經(jīng)是兩年前的事了.故選C.2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第一段“Whenlearningaboutthefourtypesofgarbage—wet,dry,recyclableandharmful…”可知,四種垃圾是:濕垃圾、干垃圾、可回收垃圾和有害垃圾.故選D.3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第二段“Tohelppeoplefigurethisout,China’stechcompaniesaregivingahand.Forexample,ifyouwanttoknowwhichbinyourwetwipes(濕巾)shouldgoin,youcanjustopenaminiappinWechatorAlipayandlookfor‘wetwipes’.”可知,通過(guò)在微信或支付寶中打開(kāi)一個(gè)小程序,小程序會(huì)幫助你進(jìn)行垃圾分類.故選B.4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“AMPRoboticsintheUShasmadearobotthatcansortfoodanddrinkpackages(包裝).By“seeing”picturesonthepackaging,therobotwillpickupthetrashandputitintherightplace.”可知,AMPRobotics是美國(guó)一家制造機(jī)器人的公司,他們制造的機(jī)器人可以對(duì)食品和飲料包裝進(jìn)行分類.故選A.5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)最后一段“Thebestthingwecandoistomakelessgarbageinthefirstplace.”可知,我們能做的最好的事情首先是少制造垃圾.故選B.(三)Doyouthinkonlyhumansarecrazyaboutelectronicproducts?Youarewrong.12zoosintheUnitedStatesandCanadahavecarriedout(實(shí)施)aprogrammecalledAppsforApes(大猩猩).IthasfoundthattheapesarealsointerestedinplayingiPads.“Wefindthat,similartopeople,theapesliketouchingthescreenandwatchingshortvideos,”saidRichardZimmerman,amanageroftheprogramme.TheapesinthesezooscanplayiPadstwiceaweek.Everytime,theyspendfrom15minutestohalfanhourusingdifferentappsiniPads.Theyaremostinterestedinappsforchildren,suchasdrawing,musicandmemorygames.Zimmermansaid,“It’slikewhenwe’reshowingpop-upbooks(立體書(shū))tochildren.Theapesareamongthemostintelligent(智能的)animals,theyareascleverasyoungchildren.”Theworkersinthezooarealsostudyinghowcommunicationappscanhelptheapesbetter.“Wefindthatanapehasatoothache.HewouldbeabletotouchapictureofatoothontheiPadandcommunicateinthatway,”saidZimmerman.Theprogrammewantstomakepeoplepayattentiontothelivingproblemsofapesinthewild.Theapesareindangerbecausepeoplecutdowntoomanyforests.1．HowmanytimescantheapesplayiPadsinaweek?A．Twotimes. B．Threetimes. C．Fourtimes.2．Whichofthefollowingappscanmakeapesmostinterestedin?A．Working. B．Shopping. C．Painting.3．Whatcanwelearnaboutapesfromthearticle?A．Apescanmakepop-upbooks.B．Apesareassmartasyoungchildren.C．Apesuseappstoprotectthemselves.4．Howdoestheapecommunicatewhenithasatoothache?A．Bytouchingthepicture. B．Bytellingthedoctor. C．Byshowingitsnose.5．Whereisthisarticlemostprobablyfrom?A．Amagazineaboutchildren. B．Amagazineaboutanimals. C．Amagazineabouthobbies.【答案】1．A2．C3．B4．A5．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了猩猩也對(duì)玩iPad感興趣,通過(guò)此次試驗(yàn),想讓人們關(guān)注野生猿類的生存問(wèn)題.1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“TheapesinthesezooscanplayiPadstwiceaweek.”可知,這些動(dòng)物園里的猩猩每周可以玩兩次iPad.故選A.2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“Theyaremostinterestedinappsforchildren,suchasdrawing,musicandmemorygames.”可知,他們最感興趣的是針對(duì)兒童的應(yīng)用程序,如繪畫(huà)、音樂(lè)和記憶游戲.故選C.3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“Theapesareamongthemostintelligent(智能的)animals,theyareascleverasyoungchildren.”可知,猿類是最聰明的動(dòng)物之一,它們和小孩子一樣聰明.故選B.4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“Wefindthatanapehasatoothache.HewouldbeabletotouchapictureofatoothontheiPadandcommunicateinthatway”可知,他可以觸摸iPad上的牙齒圖片,并通過(guò)這種方式進(jìn)行交流.故選A.5．推理判斷題.根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容可知,科學(xué)家通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),猩猩也對(duì)玩iPad感興趣,因此文章與動(dòng)物有關(guān),故選B.(四)Weeachhaveamemory.That'swhywecanstillrememberthingsafteralongtime.Somepeoplehaveverygoodmemoriesandtheycaneasilylearnmanythingsbyheart,butsomepeoplecanonlyrememberthingswhentheysayordoitagainandagain.Manyofthegreatmenoftheworldhavegotsurprisingmemories.Agoodmemoryisagreathelpinlearninglanguages.Everybodylearnshismotherlanguagewhenheisasmallchild.Hehearsthesounds,remembersthemandthenhelearnstospeak.Somechildrenarelivingwiththeirparentsinforeigncountries.Theycanlearntwolanguagesaseasilyasonebecausetheyhear,rememberandspeaktwolanguageseveryday.Inschoolitisnotsoeasytolearnaforeignlanguagebecausethepupilshavesolittletimeforit,andtheyarebusywithothersubjects,too.Butyourmemorywillbecomebetterandbetterwhenyoudomoreandmoreexercises.1．Everybodylearnshismotherlanguage________.A．a(chǎn)ttheageofsix B．whenheisasmallchildC．a(chǎn)fterhegoestoschool D．whenhecanreadandwrite2．Beforeachildcanspeak,hemust________.A．readandwrite B．makesentencesC．hearandrememberthesounds D．thinkhard3．Inschoolthepupilscan'tlearnaforeignlanguageeasilybecause________.A．theyhavenogoodmemories B．theyhavenogoodteachersC．theydon'tlikeit D．theyarebusywithothersubjects4．Yourmemorywillbecomebetterandbetter________.A．ifyouhavealotofgoodfood B．ifyoudomoreandmoreexercisesC．ifyoudomorningexerciseseveryday D．ifyougetupearly【答案】1．B2．C3．D4．B【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文.文章介紹了記憶力與學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的關(guān)系,并介紹了一些生活在國(guó)外的孩子為什么能輕松地學(xué)會(huì)兩種語(yǔ)言,也告訴了我們記憶力是可以通過(guò)訓(xùn)練來(lái)提高的.1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第2段第2句“Everybodylearnshismotherlanguagewhenheisasmallchild.”可知,每個(gè)人在他還是孩童的時(shí)候就學(xué)了母語(yǔ).故選B.2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第2段第3句“Hehearsthesounds,remembersthemandthenlearnstospeak.”可知,孩子會(huì)說(shuō)話之前,他必須先聽(tīng)到發(fā)音并記下來(lái).故選C.3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第2段倒數(shù)第2句“Inschoolitisnotsoeasytolearnaforeignlanguagebecausethepupilshavesolittletimeforit,andtheyarebusywithothersubjects,too.”可知,學(xué)生在學(xué)校之所以學(xué)不好外語(yǔ),是因?yàn)樗麄儗W(xué)外語(yǔ)的時(shí)間少,且還有許多其他科目.故選D.4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第2段最后1句“Butyourmemorywillbecomebetterandbetterwhenyoudomoreandmoreexercise.”可知,如果進(jìn)行越來(lái)越多的訓(xùn)練,記憶力會(huì)變得越來(lái)越好.故選B.(五)Toseetheworldisonething.Tohavesomeonetoshareitwithisanother.Indeedthetravelbecomesmoreinterestingwhenyouhaveatravelpartner.Atravelpartnercanbeaclosefriend,afamilymemberorapalyou’vemetonline.YoucanhavesomeonetotalktoTravelingaloneisfun,butwouldn’tyoufeellonely?Havingatravelpartnercanremovethefeelingofloneliness.Thisisespeciallytrueifyoucangetatravelpartnerwhoisveryfamiliarwiththeplaceyou’retravelingto.Youdon’thavetoaskanyinformationfromthelocals,andyoucanincreasethetimeyouspendinthecountry.Oneoftheheadachesintravelingisthecosts.Youcan’tpaynoattentiontherisingpriceofhotelsorplanetickets.Youshouldalsothinkaboutyourdailyneedssuchasyourfood.Ofcourse,youcan’tsimplygobackwithoutbringinganysouvenirs(紀(jì)念品)toyourfriendsandfamily.Allthesecostalotofmoney.However,whenyouhaveatravelfriend,youcanhavesomeonetosharethecostswith.YoucanmeetagoodfriendHavingatravelpartnerisagoodwayofmeetinganewfriendorevenalifelongpartner.Youcannevercountthenumberofcoupleswhoactuallyfoundtheirwayintoeachother’sheartwhiletravelingtogetherinanothercountry.YoucanhavesomeonetowatchoutforyouWhenyou’reinaforeignland,you’llneverbereallysafe.Youdon’tknowtherulesaswellasthecultureofthepeople.Atravelpartnerwillbeperfecttoremindyouofyourdutiesinthecountryandtowatchyourbackjustincaseyougetlost.Sowhydon’tyoufindatravelpartnernow?Let’sfindout...1．What’sthemainideaofthe3rdparagraph(段落)?A．Youcanknowthelocalculturewell.B．Youcanhavesomeonetosharethecostswith.C．Youcanenjoyfoodwithyourpartner.D．Youcansavemoneybymakingagoodplan.2．WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A．Travelingaloneisnotfun. B．Buyingsouvenirsisn’tnecessary.C．Havingatravelpartnercanhelpmakenewfriends. D．It’sbettertochooseastrangerasatravelpartner.3．WhichofthefollowingthingsisNOTmentioned?A．Atravelpartnercanhelpyoutakecareofyourchild.B．Atravelpartnercanhelpremoveyourloneliness.C．Atravelpartnercanhelpyousavemoney.D．Atravelpartnercanmakeyousafer.4．Thefollowingparagraphwillprobablytalkabout_________.A．howtogetalongwithatravelpartner B．howtravelcanhelppeopleC．whatwecanlearnfromtravel D．howtofindatravelpartner5．Whichquestioncouldbesthelpusfindoutthewriter’spurpose?A．Didthewriterwanttointroduceatravelcompany?B．Didthewriterwanttoencourageustohaveatravelpartner?C．Didthewriterwanttoexplainhowtobeaperfecttravelpartner?D．Didthewriterwantustotellaninterestingexperiencewithatravelpartner?【答案】1．B2．C3．A4．D5．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了當(dāng)你去旅行的時(shí)候,找一個(gè)伙伴會(huì)有很多好處,比如說(shuō)你不會(huì)感到寂寞,可以降低旅行中的開(kāi)銷,而且有旅行伙伴一起的旅行也更加安全.1．段落大意題.根據(jù)“Oneoftheheadachesintravelingisthecosts.…However,whenyouhaveatravelfriend,youcanhavesomeonetosharethecostswith.”可知,旅行中最令人頭疼的問(wèn)題之一就是花費(fèi),但當(dāng)你有一個(gè)旅行朋友時(shí),你可以有一個(gè)人來(lái)分擔(dān)費(fèi)用.由此可知,本段主要在論述有伙伴旅行的好處之一,即可以找個(gè)人分擔(dān)費(fèi)用.故選B.2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“Havingatravelpartnerisagoodwayofmeetinganewfriendorevenalifelongpartner.”可知,擁有一個(gè)旅行伙伴是結(jié)識(shí)新朋友甚至終身伴侶的好方法.故選C.3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“Havingatravelpartnercanremovethefeelingofloneliness.”,“whenyouhaveatravelfriend,youcanhavesomeonetosharethecostswith.”,“Atravelpartnerwillbeperfecttoremindyouofyourdutiesinthecountryandtowatchyourbackjustincaseyougetlost.”可知,短文提到一個(gè)旅行伙伴可以排遣孤獨(dú)感、分擔(dān)費(fèi)用和使旅行更加安全,沒(méi)有提到旅行伙伴幫忙照顧小孩.故選A.4．推理判斷題.根據(jù)“Sowhydon’tyoufindatravelpartnernow?”和“Let’sfindout...”可推知,短文接下來(lái)將闡述如何找到一個(gè)旅行伙伴.故選D.5．推理判斷題.通讀全文可知,文章主要介紹了有旅行伙伴的好處,可推知作者鼓勵(lì)我們有旅行伙伴.結(jié)合選項(xiàng),B項(xiàng)“作者想鼓勵(lì)我們有一個(gè)旅行伙伴嗎?”符合.故選B.(六)Winterisdangerousbecauseit’ssodifficulttoknowwhatisgoingtohappenandaccidentstakeplacesoeasily.Fogcanbewaitingtomeetyouoverthetopofahill.Icemightbehidingunderthemelting(融化)snow,waitingaheadtosendyouofftheroad.Thecarcomingtoyoumaysuddenlyslipacrosstheroad.RuleNumberOnefordrivingonicyroadsistodrivesmoothly(平穩(wěn)地).Suddenmovementscanmakeacarverydifficulttocontrol.Soeverytimeyoueitherstartorstopyourcar,increaseorreduceyourspeed,youmustbeasgentleandslowaspossible.Supposeyouaredrivingwithafullcupofhotcoffeeontheseatnexttoyou.Drivesothatyouwouldn’tspill(濺)it.RuleNumberTwoistopayattentiontowhatmighthappen.Themoreicethereis,thefurtherdowntheroadyouhavetolook.Testhowlongittakestogentlystopyourcar.Rememberthatyoumaybedrivingmorequicklythanyouthink.Generally,allowtwiceofyourusualstoppingdistancewhentheroadiswet,threetimesthisdistanceonsnow,andevenmoreonice.Trytostayincontrolofyourcaratalltimesandyouwillnotgetintotrouble.1．Thewritertriestointhispassage.A．showhisdislikesaboutbadwinterweatherB．giveinformationaboutwinterweatherC．a(chǎn)skpeoplenottodriveinwinterD．a(chǎn)dvisepeopleaboutsafedrivinginwinter2．Accordingtothepassage,thewriterthinksthat.A．peopleshouldnotdriveinthesnowB．driversshouldthinkmoreaboutproblemsinwinterdrivingC．peopledrivetoofastinwinterD．winterdriversshouldstoptheircarsless3．Inthepassagethewritertalksaboutacupofcoffee.A．toshowhowimportantsmoothmovementsareB．toaskthedriverstobringsomesoftdrinkswiththemC．totellthedriverstobemorerelaxedD．toshowhowitcanbespilled4．WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A．Trafficaccidentstakeplaceeasilyinwinter.B．Fogandmeltingsnowoftencausecaraccidents.C．Thestoppingdistanceoniceisaslongastheusualone.D．Inwinteryoushoulddriveyourcarwithgreatcare.【答案】1．D2．B3．A4．C【分析】試題分析:這篇短文重點(diǎn)講述了平穩(wěn)駕駛的重要性和在冰雪道路上的注意問(wèn)題.1．根據(jù)短文描述,可知作者主要是想告訴人們?cè)诙煲⒁怦{駛安全,故選D.2．根據(jù)第一段Winterisdangerousbecauseit’ssodifficulttoknowwhatisgoingtohappenandaccidentstakeplacesoeasily.及下文描述,可知選B,司機(jī)在冬天駕駛時(shí)應(yīng)該想到更多問(wèn)題.3．結(jié)合本段內(nèi)容,可知這樣做主要是說(shuō)明平穩(wěn)駕駛的重要性.故選A.4．根據(jù)最后一段threetimesthisdistanceonsnow,andevenmoreonice.描述,可知在冰上的停車距離要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于通常的停車距離.故選項(xiàng)C描述錯(cuò)誤.點(diǎn)評(píng):對(duì)于文章中的細(xì)節(jié)題,要注意文章中的細(xì)節(jié)的理解.推斷題測(cè)試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力,要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系,對(duì)未說(shuō)明的趨勢(shì)或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷;或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論,對(duì)文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事例給以解釋.考生首先要仔細(xì)閱讀短文,完整了解信息,準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn).(七)HishometownisinMaJiatanLingWu,Ningxia,onthesoutheastedgeoftheMaoWusudesert(毛烏素沙漠).Whenhewasachild,hesawthesandstormfillthehouseagainandagain.Thesandclimbedontothewindowsagainandagain.Finally,heforcedthewholevillagetomoveawayfromtheirnativeland.Fromthenon,hehasstrongbeliefthat“endlesslife,preventsandmorethan”.Thenheledthestaff(職員)plantedover10,000trees,andplantedover10,000grasssquares(草方格).Theyworkedformorethan10hoursadaywithoutadayoffandbuiltmorethan600,000acresofgreenbarriers.Heistheheroaroundus—WangYoude.In2014,hesetuptheNingxiaDesertGreeningandSandIndustryDevelopmentFoundation(寧夏沙漠綠化與沙產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展基金會(huì))todrawwideattentiontotheenvironment.In2007,thegovernmentpassedConstructionofecologicalcivilization(生態(tài)文明建設(shè)).In2017PresidentXisaid“Manandnatureformacommunityoflife”.Andhesaidclearwaterandgreenmountainsareasgoodasmountainsofgoldandsilver.Ashumanbeings,wemustrespectnature,followitswaysandprotectit.Soweshouldpaymoreattentiontotheenvironmentalprotection.Wewillspeeduppreventionandcontrolofwaterpollution,soilpollutionandairpollution.Wewilltakeactiontogeteveryonesavingwater,reducetheuseofenergyandmaterialsineverydaylife.Weencouragesimple,green,andlow-carbonwaysoflife.Wewillimprovethesystemforprotectingnaturalforests,andturnmoremarginalfarmlandtoforestsandgrasslands.1．WhydidWangYoudemoveawayfromtheirnativeland?A．Becausehewantedtotravel. B．Becausehewantedtoplantmoretreesandgrasssquares.C．Becausetheenvironmentbecametooserioustolive. D．Becausehesawthesandstorm.2．Whatarethemountainsofgoldandsilverrefertointhispassage?A．Clearwaterandgreenmountains B．Thesandstormandsand.C．Manandnature. D．Thenaturalforests.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)ow-carbon”mean?A．低速度的 B．少量車的 C．低碳的 D．低脂肪的4．What’sthewriter’spurposeofwritingthisarticle?A．Toshowtheheroaround.B．Totakeactiontoprotecttheenvironment.C．TotellussomeinformationofNingxiaSandIndustryDevelopmentFoundation.D．Totellreaderstosavewater.【答案】1．C2．A3．C4．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了“治沙英雄”——王有德的事跡,以及作者呼吁大家要采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境.1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“Whenhewasachild,hesawthesandstormfillthehouseagainandagain.Thesandclimbedontothewindowsagainandagain.Finally,heforcedthewholevillagetomoveawayfromtheirnativeland.”可知是因?yàn)榄h(huán)境變得太嚴(yán)重而無(wú)法生存.故選C.2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“Andhesaidclearwaterandgreenmountainsareasgoodasmountainsofgoldandsilver.”可知金山銀山就是綠水青山,故選A.3．詞義猜測(cè)題.根據(jù)“Wewilltakeactiontogeteveryonesavingwater,reducetheuseofenergyandmaterialsineverydaylife.”(我們將采取行動(dòng),讓每個(gè)人節(jié)約用水,減少日常生活中能源和材料的使用.)以及“Weencouragesimple,green,andlow-carbonwaysoflife.”結(jié)合選項(xiàng)可知應(yīng)該是鼓勵(lì)簡(jiǎn)單、綠色以及低碳的生活方式,故選C.4．推理判斷題.根據(jù)“Wewilltakeactiontogeteveryonesavingwater,reducetheuseofenergyandmaterialsineverydaylife.Weencouragesimple,green,andlow-carbonwaysoflife.Wewillimprovethesystemforprotectingnaturalforests,andturnmoremarginalfarmlandtoforestsandgrasslands.”可知作者寫(xiě)這篇文章是為了呼吁大家要采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)環(huán)境.故選B.(八)Recentlyhand-foot-mouthdiseasehasspreadacrossChina.Inthepastthreemonths,therehavebeenabout41,846cases(病例)in30provincesandregions.Thenumberisincreasing.EighteenChinesechildrenhavediedofthediseasesofarthisyear.Whatcausesthediseaseandwhyisitdangerous?Hand-foot-mouthdiseaseisacommonchildhoodillness.Itmainlyaffectschildrenundertheageof10.Itgetsitsnamefromtherash(疹子)thatdevelopsonthehandsandfeet.Itcanalsocauseblisters(水泡)inyourmouth.Achildwhohasthediseasewillusuallyhaveafever,arunnynoseandsorethroat.Heorshedoesn’twanttoeatordrinkbecauseofpaininthemouth.Hand-foot-mouthdiseaseismostlynotserious.Thefeverandrashclearwithinafewdays.Butinsomecases,thevirus(病毒)affectstheheart,lungsorbrain.Thisputsthechild’slifeindanger.Aviruscauseshand-foot-mouthdisease.Thediseasespreadseasilywherealotofyoungchildrenaretogether,suchasinachild-carecenter.Sometimesitcanalsoaffectteenagersandadults.Inordernottopassonthevirus,goodhygiene(衛(wèi)生)isimportant.Weshouldwashourhandsasoftenaspossible.Especiallyweshouldwashourhandsbeforemealsandaftergoingtothetoilet.1．Morethan__________peoplehavecaughthand-foot-mouthdiseasethisyear.A．thirtythousand B．fortythousandC．fourmillion D．fourteenthousand2．Hand-foot-mouthdisease__________.A．isakindofcancerB．isn’tdangerousatallC．cancausedeathD．willdisappearsoon3．Apatientofhand-foot-mouthmay__________.A．eatmoreB．haveblistersinthemouthC．haverashonthefaceD．eatless4．Fromthepassage,weknowthatthehand-foot-mouthdisease__________.A．spreadseasilyamongtheyoungchildrenB．willnotaffectadultsC．didn’thappeninChinaD．startsfromvillages5．__________canhelpustokeepawayfromthehand-foot-mouthdisease.A．PassingonthevirusB．Takingchildrentothechild-carecenterC．KeepingyourhandscleanD．Notgoingtopublicplaces【答案】1．B2．C3．B4．A5．C【解析】1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文中Inthepastthreemonths,therehavebeenabout41,846cases(病例)in30provincesandregions.可知,已經(jīng)有4萬(wàn)多人得了這種疾病.故選B.2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文中Thenumberisincreasing.EighteenChinesechildrenhavediedofthediseasesofarthisyear.可知這種疾病可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致死亡.故選C.3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文中Hand-foot-mouthdiseaseismostlynotserious.Thefeverandrashclearwithinafewdays,可知故選B.4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.通讀整篇短文可知這種疾病在年輕的人們?nèi)菀椎?故選A.5．詞義猜測(cè)題.根據(jù)文中Weshouldwashourhandsasoftenaspossible.Especiallyweshouldwashourhandsbeforemealsandaftergoingtothetoilet.可知保持手干凈可以遠(yuǎn)離這種疾病.故選C.(九)Areyougoodwithmoney?Doyougetpocketmoneyfromyourparentsordoyouworktomakemoney?ReadontofindoutaboutBritishteenagersandtheirmoney!PocketmoneyMostteenagersinBritainreceivepocketmoneyfromtheirparents.Theymighthavetodosomehouseworktogetpocketmoney,includingcleaning,cooking,washingdishesandsoon.Part-timeworkApart-timejobisachoiceforteenagerswhodon’thavepocketmoneyorwhowanttogetextra(額外的)money.Onlychildrenovertheageof13canwork.Popularpart-timejobsforteensincludebabysitting,delivering(遞送)newspapers,restaurantworkandshopwork.ChildreninBritaincanworktwohoursadayatthemostonaschooldaybutnotduringschoolhours.Duringweekendsandschoolholidays,theycanworklongerhours.Bankaccounts(賬戶)Somechildrenandteenagershaveabankaccount.Thereisnoagelimit(限制)atwhichyoucanopenabankaccount,butabankmanagercandecidewhethertoopenanaccountforachildorayoungperson.Parentscanputpocketmoneydirectlyintotheirchild’sbankaccount.Mostbankshaveaprepaidbankcarddesignedforyoungpeople.So,manyteenagersaregettingexperienceworkingpart-time,dealingwithbanksanddecidingwhethertosaveorspendtheirmoney.Theseareallstepstowardsbecomingafinanciallyindependent(經(jīng)濟(jì)獨(dú)立的)personandmakingandlookingafteryourownmoney.1．HowcanBritishteenagersgettheirpocketmoney?A．Byaskingtheirparentsforsome. B．Bydoinghousework.C．Byopeningaccounts. D．Bylookingforapart-timejob.2．Togetextramoney,Britishteenagersover13can________.A．workinshopstwohoursadayduringweekendsB．helptotakecareofbabiesduringschoolhoursC．delivernewspapersforthreehoursonschooldaysD．workinrestaurantseverydayaslongastheywish3．Whocanmakeadecisiontoopenanaccountforachild?A．Abankmanager. B．Thechild’sparent.C．Thechildhimself. D．Thechild’steacher.4．Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A．Howtogetalongwellwiththebankmanagers.B．Howtodealwithbankaccountsandmobileapps.C．HowBritishteenagersworkpart-timetomakemoney.D．HowBritishteenagersmakeandmanagetheirmoney.【答案】1．B2．A3．A4．D【分析】本文主要介紹了英國(guó)青少年是如何掙錢(qián)以及管理自己的零花錢(qián)的.1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“MostteenagersinBritainreceivepocketmoneyfromtheirparents.Theymighthavetodosomehouseworktogetpocketmoney,includingcleaning,cooking,washingdishesandsoon”可知,英國(guó)大多數(shù)青少年從父母那里得到零花錢(qián),可能要做一些家務(wù)來(lái)掙零花錢(qián),故選B.2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“ChildreninBritaincanworktwohoursadayatthemostonaschooldaybutnotduringschoolhours”可知,英國(guó)的青少年在周末的時(shí)候可以上2小時(shí)的班,故選A.3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)“Parentscanputpocketmoneydirectlyintotheirchild’sbankaccount.Mostbankshaveaprepaidbankcarddesignedforyoungpeople.”可知,銀行經(jīng)理可以決定給孩子開(kāi)一個(gè)賬戶,故選A.4．主旨大意題.根據(jù)“Areyougoodwithmoney?Doyougetpocketmoneyfromyourparentsordoyouworktomakemoney?ReadontofindoutaboutBritishteenagersandtheirmoney”可知,本文主要介紹了英國(guó)青少年是如何掙錢(qián)以及管理自己的零花錢(qián)的,故選D.(十)Ifsomeonesaystoyou“givemefive”,don’tgivefiveyuantohim!Itwillmakeotherslaugh!Thepersonisnotaskingforyourmoney,butforyourfingers.IntheUSA,“givemefive”isapopularbodylanguage.Itmeanstheslapping(拍)ofeachother’srighthandstogether.Peopledoitwhensomethinghappyhappens.Forexample,ifastudentgetsan“A”intheexamorgetsNo.1intheschoolsportsmeeting,hewilldo“givemefive”tohisfriendstocelebrate.Whydidheorshedothat?Therearemanydifferentstoriesabouthowthe“givemefive”began.Onecommonstoryaboutitgoeslikethis:Averylongtimeago,someAmericansmetagroupofwildanimalswhichtheyhadneverseenbefore,andtheyputtheirhandsupintotheairandslappedeachother’shands.Theyjustwantedtoshowtheirexcitement.Whateverthebeginningofthe“givemefive”is,itisanimportantpartofAmericanculture.1．Whatshouldyoudoifsomeonesaystoyou“givemefive”?A．Givehimfiveyuan. B．Slaprighthandstogether.C．Givehimfivehands. D．Givehimfivepeopleinall.2．Whendopeopledo“givemefive”?A．Whentheymeetanimals. B．Whentheyhavesportsmeeting.C．Whensomethingbadhappens. D．Whensomethinghappyhappens.3．Howdoesastudentcelebratewhenhegetsan“A”intheexamaccordingtothepassage?A．Byaskingformoney. B．Byhavingaparty.C．Bydoing“givemefive”tohisfriends. D．Bylaughingatothers.4．Whydidpeopledo“givemefive”whentheymetagroupofwildanimals?Becausetheywere________.A．happyandexcited B．stressedout C．worried D．frightened5．Whatdoesthispassagemainlytalkabout?A．Onecommonstory. B．Theimpor