2021年12月大學(xué)英語四六級(jí)閱讀題專項(xiàng)練習(xí)18

2021年12月英語四六級(jí)閱讀題

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)18：數(shù)學(xué)能力

peopleappeartoborntocompute.Thenumericalskillsofchildren

developsoearlyandsoinexorably（堅(jiān)定地）thatitiseasytoimaginean

internalclockofmathematicalmaturityguidingtheirgrowth.Notlong

afterlearningtowalkandtalk,theycansetthetablewithimpress

accuracy---oneknife,onespoon,onefork,foreachofthefivechairs.

Soontheyarecapableofnothingthattheyhaveplacedfiveknives,spoons

andforksonthetableand,abitlater,thatthisamountstofifteenpieces

ofsilverware.Havingthusmasteredaddition,theymoveontosubtraction.

Itseemsalmostreasonabletoexpectthatifachildweresecludedona

desertislandatbirthandretrievedsevenyearslater,heorshecould

enterasecondenterasecond-grademathematicsclasswithoutanyserious

problemsofintellectualadjustment.

Ofcourse,thetruthisnotsosimple.Thiscentury,theworkof

cognitivepsychologistshasilluminatedthesubtleformsofdailylearning

onwhichintellectualprogressdepends.Childrenwereobservedasthey

slowlygrasped----or,asthecasemightbe,bumpedinto----conceptsthat

adultstakeforquantityisunchangedaswaterpoursfromashortglass

intoatallthinone.Psychologistshavesincedemonstratedthatyoung

children,askedtocountthepencilsinapile,readilyreportthenumber

ofblueorredpencils,butmustbecoaxed（說月艮）intofindingthetotal.

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Suchstudieshavesuggestedthattherudiments（基本原理）ofmathematics

aremasteredgradually,andwitheffort.Theyhavealsosuggestedthat

theveryconceptofabstractnumbers-----theideaofaoneness,atwoness,

atwonessthatappliestoanyclassofobjectsandisaprerequisite（先

決條件）fordoinganythingmoremathematicallydemandingthansettinga

table----isitselffarfrominnate.

練習(xí)題:

Choosecorrectanswerstothequestion:

1.Afterchildrenhavehelpedtosetthetablewithimpressiveaccuracy,

they.

A.areabletohelpparentsservedishes

B.tendtodomorecomplicatedhousework

C.areabletofigureoutthetotalpieces

D.canenterasecond-grademathematicsclass

2.Itistobelievethatthequalityofwaterkeepsunchangedwhen

itiscontainedintwodifferentglasses.

A.easytopersuadechildren

B.hardformostchildren

C.theinnateofmostchildren

D.difficultforbothadultsandchildren

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatchildrenarelikelyto

whentheyareaskedtocountalltheballsofdifferentcolors

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A.givetheaccurateanswer

B.counttheballsofeachcolor

C.betooconfusedtodoanything

D.makeminormistakes

4.Accordingtothispassage,ismasteredbybirth.

A.theabilitytosurviveinadesertisland

B.thewayofsettingtables

C.thebasicprinciplesofmathematics

D.theconceptofoneness

5.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowards“children'snumerical

skills”?

A.Critical.

B.Approving.

C.Questioning.

D.Objective.

1.[C]第1段第3句說的是題干內(nèi)容，由第4句Soon…句中的fiveknives...

等數(shù)字可知孩子會(huì)數(shù)數(shù)了，故可直接選出Co

2.[B]第2段第3句中theyrefused...toconcede...中的they指children,

對(duì)比題干與原文意思可知孩子們是“難以相信（理解），故選B。

3.[B]第2段倒數(shù)第3句。文章是以pencils為例進(jìn)行說明的，題目中換成

了balls,但是目的是相同的，都是為了表述兒童更愿意根據(jù)顏色的不同來數(shù)數(shù)，

而不愿數(shù)總數(shù)，故B正確。A、D都沒有提到;C的說法過于絕對(duì)，與文章表述也

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不相符。

4.[B]這道題目需要認(rèn)真理解了文章的意思才能正確作答。第1段的主題是:

有些數(shù)字概念是人天生就有的;第2段的主題是:有一些是后天學(xué)習(xí)獲得的。B是

第1段中明確給出的例子，因此這個(gè)例子應(yīng)該支持該段的主題。A錯(cuò)誤地理解了

第1段最后舉的例子。C