Unit+4+Natural+Disasters+Reading+and+Thinking 高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）必修一

Unit4NatualdisastersReadingandthinking1Learningobjectives1.ToreadatextaboutTangshanearthquakeandgatherinformation;2.Toreflectonthelessonsthatwecanlearnfromtheearthquake；3.Toanalyzethelanguagefeaturesofthetext.Lookatthepicturesandcollectwordsrelatedtonaturaldisasters.tornadodroughtlandslidetsunamifloodvolcanowildfireLeadin2Buildings_____________.felldownPeoplewere_________________________.trappedorburiedThewaterpipes______________________.crackedandburstThecitywas____________andlay_________.

destroyedinruins

Doyouknowwhathappenedduringthebigearthquakes?3Pre-ReadingWhen?Where?What?Thepassagemainlytalksaboutaterrible____________(what?)thathappenedin__________(where?)in_______(when?)andcausedgreat_________

topeople.(Whatresult?)earthquakeTangshan1976damageWhathappened?While-Reading4

Para1A.Theimmediateeffectsoftheearthquake

Para2B.Warningsignsbeforetheearthquake

Para3C.Therevivalofthecity

Para4D.Therescuework

Para5E.ThehappeningofthebigearthquakeWhat’sthemainideaofeachparagraph?Readthepassagequickly.Findthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph.Thensummariseeachparagraphinonephrasebasedonitstopicsentence.Tips:While-Reading4Para1:warningsignsbeforetheearthquakesPara2:thehappeningofthebigearthquake.Para3:theimmediateeffectsoftheearthquake.Para4:therescueworkPara5:therevivalofthecity.duringtheearthquake

aftertheearthquakebeforetheearthquakeThetextisorganizedin________order.timesignsdamagerescuerevivalWhile-Reading4Part1:thesignsbeforetheearthquakeStrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheasternHebei.Forseveraldays,thewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.Thereweredeepcracksthatappearedinthewellwalls.Atleastonewellhadsomesmellygascomingoutofit.Chickensandevenpigsweretoonervoustoeat,anddogsrefusedtogoinsidebuildings.Miceranoutofthefieldslookingforplacestohide,andfishjumpedoutofthewater.Atabout3:00a.m.,on28July1976,brightlights

wereseenintheskyoutsideofthecityofTangshanand

loudnoiseswereheard.Butthecity'sonemillionpeoplewereasleepasusualthatnight.Whatwerethestrangethingsthatwerehappeningbeforetheearthquake?roseandfell,roseandfelldeepcracksChickensandevenpigsdogsMicefishbrightlightsloudnoiseswarningunaware;ignorant;unpreparedasleepHowdidpeoplereacttothesestrangethings?ThegroundTheanimalsTheotheraspectssmellygasWhile-Reading4Part2:AhugeearthquakestruckTangshan.At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit!Ahugecrack,eightkilometreslongand30metreswide,cutacrosshouses,roadsandwaterways.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.About75percentofthecity'sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallofitshospitalsweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves,butnowindcouldblowthemaway.Mostbridgeshadfallenorwerenotsafetocross.Therailwaytrackeswerenowuselesspiecesofmetal.Tensofthousandsofcows,hundredsofthousandsofpigs,andmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereinshock-andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbitquakeshookTangshanagain.Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.Whydidthewriterusesomanynumbersinthetext?

toshowtheearthquakewasvery________anditcaused__________________topeopleandthecity.serious

alotofdamageWhatkindofdamagediditcause?tomakethearticlemore____________and___________.convincingshockingWhile-Reading43:42am3:43aminlessthanoneminute——People1.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedtherewere

or

.2.Thousandsofchildrenwere

parents.Buildings1.75percentofthecity'sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofits

,andallofitshospitalswere

.2.Mostbridgeshad

.The

werenowuseless.Animals1.Tensofthousandsofcows,hundredsofthousandsofpigs,andmillionsofchickenswere

.Alargecitylayinruins.deadinjuredleftwithoutgonefallendeadhomesrailwaytracksWhile-Reading4Part2:AhugeearthquakestruckTangshan.At3:42a.m.,everythingbegantoshake.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Elevenkilometresdirectlybelowthecity,oneofthemostdeadlyearthquakesofthe20thcenturyhadbegun,aquakethatevencauseddamagemorethan150kilometresawayinBeijing.Nearlyonethirdofthewholenationfeltit!Ahugecrack,eightkilometreslongand30metreswide,cutacrosshouses,roadsandwaterways.Hardhillsofrockbecameriversofdirt.Inlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.Thousandsofchildrenwereleftwithoutparents.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorbadlyinjuredinthequakewasmorethan400,000.Everywheresurvivorslooked,therewasnothingbutruins.Nearlyeverythinginthecitywasdestroyed.About75percentofthecity'sfactoriesandbuildings,90percentofitshomes,andallofitshospitalsweregone.Brickscoveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves,butnowindcouldblowthemaway.Mostbridgeshadfallenorwerenotsafetocross.Therailwaytrackeswerenowuselesspiecesofmetal.Tensofthousandsofcows,hundredsofthousandsofpigs,andmillionsofchickensweredead.Sandnowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Peoplewereinshock-andthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbitquakeshookTangshanagain.Evenmorebuildingsfelldown.Water,food,andelectricitywerehardtoget.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthedisasterwouldlast.Howdidpeoplefeel?inshockinpanicindespairWhile-Reading4Part3:Therescueandtherevivalaftertheearthquake.

Buthopewasnotlost.Soonafterthequakes,thearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.Morethan10,000doctorsandnursescametoprovidemedicalcare.

Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomes

hadbeendestroyed.Hundredsofthousandsofpeoplewerehelped.Waterandfoodwerebroughtintothecitybytrain,truck,andplane.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.

Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.Withstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity'speople,anewTangshanwasbuiltuponthe

earthquakeruins.Thenewcityhasbecomeahometomorethansevenmillionpeople,withgreatimprovementsintransportation,industry,andenvironment.TangshancityhasprovedtoChinaandtherestoftheworldthatintimesofdisaster,peoplemustunifyandshowthewisdomtostaypositiveandrebuildforabrighterfuture.hopefulpositivecomebacktolifeorrecoverWhocametotherescue?Whatdidtheydo?Howdidpeoplefeel?Buthopewasnotlost.While-Reading4Tangshan’snewlookWithstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofpeople,Tangshanstartedtoreviveitselfandgetbackuponitsfeet.Simile（明喻）Exaggeration(夸張)Repetition(重復(fù))Personification(擬人)Metaphor（暗喻）Data（數(shù)據(jù)）Readforthe

languagefeaturesWhile-Reading4Question：Whatkindoftextisit?Literaryjournalismusuallydescribesrealhistoricaleventsandrealcharacters.Theusageofthefiguresofspeechcanstimulatereaders'feelingsandthustouchthereaders.

literaryjournalism.exposition(說(shuō)明文)argumentation(議論文)narration(記敘文)or?While-Reading4unawareshockedhopelesshopefulbeforetheearthquakeduringtheearthquakeaftertheearthquakewhentherescuecameTodescribethechangeofTangshanpeople'sfeelingsWhile-Reading4DuringanearthquakeAfteranearthquakeBeforeanearthquakeWhatwouldyoudoifabigearthquakehityourcity？Post-Reading5makealistofwhattodo,wheretogo,whotocontact.IfyouareINDOORS--STAYTHERE!(Getunderadeskortableandhangontoit,ormoveintoahallwayorgetagainstaninsidewall.DON'TrundownstairsorrushoutsidewhilethebuildingisshakingIfyouareOUTSIDE--getintotheOPEN.Useacellphonetogethelp.Taponapipeorwallorwhistleforhelp.Nevertrytousethelift.DuringanearthquakeAfteranearthquakeBeforeanearthquakeDiscussionPost-Reading5Facedwithnaturaldisasters,peoplemust____andshowthe______tostay______and______forabrighterfuture.Amancanbedestroyedbutnotdefeated.一個(gè)人可以被毀滅，但絕不會(huì)被打敗。Disastershavenomercy,buthumansdo.天災(zāi)無(wú)情，人有情。unifywisdom

positiverebuild

Ifeveryonegivesahand,theworldwouldbefulloflove.Post-Reading51.asif

似乎；好像

你好像有什么心事似的。_______________youhavesomethingonyourmind.她好像有些壞消息。Itseemsasifshe’dhadsomebadnews.

LanguagepointsItseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!ItseemsasifLanguagepointsInlessthanoneminute,alargecitylayinruins.

2.ruinn.&vt.破壞；毀壞

ruinone’shope/future/health毀掉某人的希望/將來(lái)/健康be/lieinruins

成為廢墟，毀滅

翻譯：

吸煙毀掉你的健康，所以你最好戒煙。

Heavysmokingruinsyourhealth，soyou’dbetterquitsmoking.

二戰(zhàn)后，整個(gè)國(guó)家處于一片廢墟中。

Thecountrywas/layinruins

afterWorldWarⅡ.LanguagepointsPeoplewereinshockandthen,laterthatafternoon,anotherbitquakeshookTangshanagain.

3.shockvt.&n.使震驚；使吃驚inshock震驚地shockedadj.感到震驚的；shockingadj.令人震驚的【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】完成句子。1)He_____________(shock)athersmoking.2)Afterthe__________newsspreadthroughoutthewholecity,everyonefelt________.(shock)3)Shewas__________(震驚地)forabouttwoweeksaftertheaccident.wasshockedshockingshockedinshockLanguagepointsThearmysent150,000soldierstoTangshantodigout

thosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.(Par4L1)4.trapv.使落入陷阱，使落入圈套betrappedin被困在……中；陷入……中

她被困在大雨中。Shewastrappedintheheavyrain.LanguagepointsWithstrongsupportfromthegovernmentandthetirelesseffortsofthecity’speople…(Par5L1)

5.effort

n.

努力；艱難嘗試e.g.Wearemakingprogressbutweneedtomakegreaterefforts.【歸納】effort短語(yǔ)makeaneffort/efforts/everyeffort

todosth.盡一切努力做某事sparenoeffort

不遺余力;盡力with(an)effort

努力地withouteffort

毫不費(fèi)力地Languagepoints【語(yǔ)境應(yīng)用】完成句子。1)我們必須盡一切努力以減緩病情的發(fā)展。

Wemust_________________toslowdownthespreadofCOVID-19.2)他毫不費(fèi)力地舉起那塊大石頭。

Heliftedthebigstone_____________.3)Manyexcellentarchitects_____________________(正做出巨大努力)tobuildthecenterstage.makeeveryeffort