山東省泰安市2023-2024學(xué)年高二年級(jí)上冊(cè)期末考試英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高二年級(jí)考試

英語(yǔ)試題

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改

動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在

本試卷上無(wú)效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并收回。

第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱

讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。

1.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoread?

A.Anewspaper.B.Amagazine.C.Abook.

2.WhatwillTerrymostprobablydonext?

A.Takeawalk.B.Getsomesleep.C.Seeadoctor.

3.WhatisJacob'shobby?

A.Writing.B.Acting.C.Drawing.

4.Whenwillthetourend?

A.At3:30pm.B.At3:40pm.C.At4:20pm.

5.HowdoesJimfeelaboutthewoman'ssuggestion?

A.Doubtful.B.Interested.C.Surprised.

第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分）

聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小

題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽(tīng)下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7兩個(gè)小題。

6.WhydoesShellytakethecourses?

A.Tokilltime.B.Tobeadesigner.C.Torelaxherself.

7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Theirdailyroutines.B.Theirhobbies.C.Theirweekendplans.

聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatdopeopledoforgoodluckatthefestival?

A.Jumpoverabonfire.

B.Setofffireworks.

C.Havesomespecialfood.

9.WherewillMarkgo?

A.Barcelona.B.Valencia.C.Galicia.

聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.Whatattractsthemanmostaboutthehotel?

A.Itsprice.B.Itslocation.C.Itsfacilities.

11.Wherecanguestsenjoythefamousafternoontea?

A.Inthefitnesscenter.

B.Inthespaplace.

C.Inthereadingroom.

12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Husbandandwife.

B.Travelagentandtourist.

C.Hotelclerkandcustomer.

聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.WhydidJasongotoRome?

A.Todosomesightseeing.

B.Tobeaninterpreter.

C.TotakeanItaliancourse.

14.WhichofthefollowingdidJasonfindmostimpressive?

A.TheAnimalSculptureHall.

B.TheSistineChapel.

C.TheArtGallery.

15.WhatdoesJasonsayaboutthelocalguide?

A.Heisgenerous.B.Heisinexperienced.C.Heishelpful.

16.WhatpreventedJasonfromvisitingotherscenicspots?

A.Lackofmoney.B.Lackofinterest.C.Lackoftime.

聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.Whendidthepreviousfairusuallytakeplace?

A.OnOctober5th.B.OnOctober10th.C.OnOctober15th.

18.Whatistherequirementforfillingoutthereportform?

A.Itcanbeanelectroniccopy.

B.Itshouldbesignedbyparents.

C.Itmustbeinthechild?shandwriting.

19.Howshouldthechildrenshowtheirparks?

A.Byplayingvideos.B.Byusingposters.C.Bymakingmodels.

20.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?

A.Parents.B.Students.C.Teachers.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

Herearefourfreeonlineencyclopedias（百科全書(shū)）whichhavesimplifiedexplanationsofdeepertopicsforkids.

Theonlineencyclopediasalsohelptheparentortheteachertofreethekidstodotheirownresearch.

SimpleEnglishWikipedia

Theonlinereferencesourceisrunningaround64,555articlesrightnow.SimpleEnglishWikipediausessimple

Englishwords,grammarandshortsentences.ItcanalsobeusedinJapan,Spain,Germanyandsomeothercountries

withdifferentlanguages.Usethesearchbartosearchfortopics.

Yahoo!Kids

Itisagoodenoughhomework-helpsitewithtoolsliketheWorldFacebook,adictionary,Q&Aservice,and

smallsectionsonscienceandanimalsetc.Themostdirectwaytohaveaccesstotheencyclopediaistousethesearch

bar.Theinformationcontainsfurtherlinkswhichcantakeyoudeeperintorelatedareas.Thelanguageisprettybasic.

FactMonster

TheinterfaceofFactMonsterincludesadictionary,analmanac（年歷）,andanencyclopedia.Thischild-friendly

siteisapartofInfoplease.com.FactMonsteralsousesthedatabaseoftheColumbiaEncyclopedia.Youcanusethe

searchbarorsurfbysubject.Eachsubjectcoversarangeofsub-topics.Theinformationisbriefandtothepoint.

Kids.Net.Au

Kids.Net.AuisactuallyanAustralian“not-for-profit“safesiterunbyateamofvolunteers.Thesitehasan

encyclopediaamongotherinformationaltools.Withonemillionarticlesonavarietyoftopics,thesiteisagood

placetovisitifyouwantchild-safeandeasyto-understandinformation.

1.WhichoneofthefollowingmakesSimpleEnglishWikipediaspecial?

A.Ifsthefirstchild-friendlysite.B.Itcontainsalargenumberofarticles.

C.It'sonlyusefultonativeEnglishspeakers.D.Itsuppliesawidevarietyoflanguages.

2.WhatcanweknowaboutKids.Net.Au?

A.Itsaimistoearnmoney.B.Itsarticlesarenotcomplicated.

C.IthastoolsliketheWorldFacebook.D.It'snotsafeforchildrentomakeavisit.

3.Wherewouldweprobablyfindthepassage?

A.Inamagazine.B.Inafiction.

C.Inliterarywoks.D.Inajournal.

【答案】LD2.B3.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)免費(fèi)的在線百科全書(shū)的情況。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ItcanalsobeusedinJapan,Spain,Germanyandsomeothercountrieswithdifferent

languages.（它也可以在日本、西班牙、德國(guó)和其他一些不同語(yǔ)言的國(guó)家使用）”可知，提供各種各樣的語(yǔ)言

使簡(jiǎn)單英語(yǔ)維基百科與眾不同。故選D。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段"Withonemillionarticlesonavarietyoftopics,thesiteisagoodplacetovisitif

youwantchild-safeandeasyto-understandinformation4如果你想要兒童安全且易于理解的信息，該網(wǎng)站是一

個(gè)訪問(wèn)的好地方，有一百萬(wàn)篇關(guān)于各種主題的文章）”可知，Kids.Net.Au的文章并不復(fù)雜。故選B。

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"Herearefourfreeonlineencyclopedias（百科全書(shū)）whichhavesimplified

explanationsofdeepertopicsforkids.Theonlineencyclopediasalsohelptheparentortheteachertofreethekids

todotheirownresearch」這里有四個(gè)免費(fèi)的在線百科全書(shū)，它們?yōu)楹⒆觽兲峁┝烁钊氲闹黝}的簡(jiǎn)化解釋。

在線百科全書(shū)還可以幫助家長(zhǎng)或老師讓孩子們自由地做自己的研究）”結(jié)合文章主要介紹了四個(gè)免費(fèi)的在線

百科全書(shū)的情況?？赏浦?，文章可能選自雜志。故選A。

Earlierthisyear,Ihadachancetogotospace.Iwasreallyexcitedandmadefullpreparationsforit.

Finally,thedayarrived.Withallthenoise,weliftedoff.IcouldseeEarthdisappearing.Asweascended（上

升），Iwasatonceawareofpressure.Theforceofgravitypulledatme.Therewasaninstrumentthattoldushow

manyg's（重力加速度的倍數(shù)）wewereexperiencing.Attwog's,Itriedtoraisemyarm,andIcouldbarelydoso.

Atthreeg's,Ifeltmyfacebeingpusheddownintomyseat.Ithought,"WillIpassout?Howmanyg'scanmy

ninety-year-oldbodydealwith?”Suddenly,nog's.Weightlessness.Wewerefloating.

Wegotoutofoursafetybeltandbegantofloataround.AndIgottothewindowasquicklyaspossibletosee

whatwasoutthere.

Ilookeddown,andIcouldseetheholethatourspaceshiphadleftintheatmosphere.Icontinuedmyself-

guidedtourandturnedmyheadtofacetheotherdirection,staringintospace.Isawacold,dark,blackemptiness.It

wasunlikeanyblacknessyoucanseeorfeelonEarth.Myexcitementdisappeared,andIfeltreallydown.Iturned

backtowardthelightofhome.Icouldseethecurvature（曲度）oftheEarth,thewhiteofthecloudsandtheblueof

thesky.ItwasMotherEarth.

ThecontrastbetweenthecoldnessofspaceandthewarmnurturingofEarthbelowfilledmewithgreat

sadness.Inspace,IhadthestrongestfeelingeverthatEarthistheonlyhomewehave.Butweweredoingmany

thingsthatthreatenedoursurvivalonEarth.Iknowweshoulddevoteourselvestoourplanetandloveallaround

us.

4.Howdidtheauthorthinkofgradualchangesing's?

A.Hefoundhecouldraisearmseasily.

B.Hefelthisfacewaspressedagainstthesafetybelt.

C.Hethoughthewouldpassoutbecausehewastooold.

D.Hebelievedhecoulddealwiththegravityforhewasstrong.

5.Whatdidtheauthorseewhenfloatinginspace?

A.Theblackholeinspace.B.Acoldandwhiteemptiness.

C.Otherbeautifulplanetsinspace.D.Theoutlineoftheearthwithwhiteclouds.

6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor'strip?

A.Theauthorfeltextremelylonely.

B.Theauthorfoundthetripveryboring.

C.Thetripwasinconsistentwiththeauthor'sexpectation.

D.Thetripfilledtheauthor'sfellowswithdepression.

7.Whatcanweinferfromtheauthor'striptospace?

A.Weshouldliveinharmonywithaliens.B.Weshouldvaluetheearthandprotectit.

C.Weshouldtrytomovetotheotherplanets.D.Weshouldconsiderescapingfromtheearth.

【答案】4.C5.D6.C7.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了90歲的作者今年體驗(yàn)了一次去太空，描述了這次經(jīng)歷的所見(jiàn)

所聞所感。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“WillIpassout?Howmanyg飛canmyninety-year-oldbodydealwith?（我會(huì)暈過(guò)去

嗎？我90歲的身體能承受多少個(gè)重力加速度的倍數(shù)？）”可知，作者認(rèn)為他會(huì)因?yàn)樘隙璧埂９蔬xC。

【5題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Icouldseethecurvature（曲度）oftheEarth,thewhiteofthecloudsandthe

blueofthesky.（我可以看到地球的弧度，白云的白色和天空的藍(lán)色）”可知，作者在太空中漂浮時(shí)看到了白

云環(huán)繞的大地輪廓。故選D。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Myexcitementdisappeared,andIfeltreallydown.（我興奮消失了，我感到

非常沮喪）”以及最后一段“ThecontrastbetweenthecoldnessofspaceandthewarmnurturingofEarthbelow

filledmewithgreatsadness.（太空的寒冷和地球的溫暖形成了鮮明的對(duì)比，這讓我充滿了悲傷）”可推知，這

次旅行與作者的期望不一致。故選C。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inspace,IhadthestrongestfeelingeverthatEarthistheonlyhomewehave.But

weweredoingmanythingsthatthreatenedoursurvivalonEarth.（在太空中，我有一種強(qiáng)烈的感覺(jué)，那就是地

球是我們唯一的家園。但是我們做了很多威脅我們?cè)诘厍蛏仙娴氖虑椋笨赏浦髡叩奶罩酶嬖V我

們應(yīng)該珍惜并保護(hù)地球。故選B。

C

TheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministration（FDA）hasapprovedanewclassofhearingaiddevices,whichdonot

requireamedicalexam.ThatmeansAmericanswillbeabletobuyhearingaidslaterthisyearwithoutseeinga

doctororreceivingamedicalexamination.

Thedevicesaredesignedforadultswithmildtomoderatehearingproblems.TheFDAestimatesthatthe

hearingaidscouldhelpnearly30millionadultsintheUnitedStates,butonlyaboutone-fifthofpeoplewith

hearingproblemsusethedevicescurrently.

“Today'sactionbytheFDArepresentsasignificantmilestoneinmakinghearingaidsmorecost-effectiveand

accessible,9,HealthandHumanServicesSecretaryXavierBecerra,toldreportersonTuesday.TheFDAfirst

proposedtherulechangeforhearingaidslastyearandthenewruleswilltakeeffectinthemiddleofOctober.The

movefollowsyearsofpressurefrommedicalexpertsandotherstomakethedeviceslesscostlyandeasiertoget.

However,costisstillabarrierrightnow.Americanscanpaymorethan$5,000forhearingaids,whichisfor

thedeviceitselfandfittingservices.Privateinsurancecoverageisalsolimitedforthedevices.Andgovernment

insuranceforolderpeople,knownasMedicare,doesnotpayforthem.Medicareonlypaysforhearingtests.

“Therequirementtoseeaspecialistwasnotonlyaburdenandanannoyancefbrmanyconsumersbutalsoit

actuallycreatedacompetitivebarriertoentry,“saidBrianDeese,aWhiteHouseeconomicadviser.Deeseadded

thatthegovernmentestimatesthatAmericanscouldsaveasmuchas$2,800forasetofhearingaidsiftheywantto

buythem.

ButFDAofficialsnotedthatthesavingswilldependonwhenproducerslaunchproductsandhowmuchthey

cost.64Ifsveryhardtopredictexactlywhatwe'llseeandwhen,^^saidDr.JeffreyShuren,theFDA'smedicaldevice

chief.Shurenaddedofficialsexpectedtoseeincreasedcompetitionfromnewproducersandnewproductsfrom

existinghearingaidmakers.

8.Whoprobablyusethenewhearingaiddevices?

A.Thepeoplewhocannotaffordmedicalfee.

B.The20percentofpeoplewhocanpayforthem.

C.Thepeoplewhoneedn'tbeexaminedbydoctors.

D.Theadultswhosehearingproblemsarenotserious.

9.Whatmighttherulechangebring?

A.Hearingtestsforfree.B.Morepressurefrommedicalexperts.

C.Lowercostofthehearingdevices.D.Moreprivateinsurancecoverage.

10.WhatmayDeeseagreewith?

A.Seeingaspecialistwasunaccessible.

B.Seeingaspecialistwasatroublesomeexperience.

C.Thegovernmentwillsavemuchmedicalexpense.

D.Americanswillpaymoremoneyformedicalcare.

11.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Whenthecostwillbereducedisuncertain.B.Existinghearingaidmakerscanbenefitmost.

C.Officialswilldecidethepriceofthehearingaids.D.Newproducerswillsucceedinthecompetition.

【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)食品和藥物管理局批準(zhǔn)了一種不需要體檢的新型助聽(tīng)器。

這意味著，今年晚些時(shí)候，美國(guó)人將無(wú)需看醫(yī)生或接受體檢就能購(gòu)買(mǎi)助聽(tīng)器。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thedevicesaredesignedforadultswithmildtomoderatehearingproblems.（這種設(shè)

備是為有輕度到中度聽(tīng)力問(wèn)題的成年人設(shè)計(jì)的）”可知，聽(tīng)力問(wèn)題不嚴(yán)重的成年人可能會(huì)使用新的助聽(tīng)器。

故選D。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Themovefollowsyearsofpressurefrommedicalexpertsandotherstomakethe

deviceslesscostlyandeasiertoget.（多年來(lái)，醫(yī)療專家和其他人一直在施壓，要求降低這種設(shè)備的成本，使

其更容易獲得）”可知，規(guī)則的改變會(huì)帶來(lái)低成本的助聽(tīng)器。故選C。

【10題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段""Therequirementtoseeaspecialistwasnotonlyaburdenandanannoyancefor

manyconsumersbutalsoitactuallycreatedacompetitivebarriertoentry,9,saidBrianDeese,aWhiteHouse

economicadviser］白宮經(jīng)濟(jì)顧問(wèn)BrianDeese表示：“對(duì)許多消費(fèi)者來(lái)說(shuō)，看專家的要求不僅是一種負(fù)擔(dān)和

煩惱，而且實(shí)際上還制造了進(jìn)入市場(chǎng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)壁壘。"）”可知，看專家是件麻煩事。故選B。

【11題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理角星題。根據(jù)最后——段“ButFDAofficialsnotedthatthesavingswilldependonwhenproducerslaunch

productsandhowmuchtheycost."It'sveryhardtopredictexactlywhatwe'llseeandwhen,^^saidDr.Jeffrey

Shuren,theFDA'smedicaldevicechief.（但FDA官員指出，節(jié)省的費(fèi)用將取決于生產(chǎn)商推出產(chǎn)品的時(shí)間和成

本?！昂茈y準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測(cè)我們會(huì)看到什么，什么時(shí)候會(huì)看到，"FDA醫(yī)療設(shè)備主管杰弗里?舒?zhèn)惒┦空f(shuō)）”可

知，成本何時(shí)會(huì)降低是不確定的。故選A。

D

Alotofglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate（碳酸鈉）canbereusedormelteddownand

recycledintonewitems,butitdoesn'tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsof

years.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganeco-conscious

alternative.

InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences,

InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradableglassmadefromaminoacids（氨基

酸）.Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveral

months.

Inatest,glassbeads（玻璃珠）madeoutofaminoacidswereplacedundertheskinofmice,andthebreakdown

ofthebeadandtheskinhealingprocesswereobservedfor30days.Adiagramfromthestudyshowshowthe

mice'sbodiesbrokedownthebeads.Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegraded（降解）beneaththeskin,thewound

sitehealed,andfurgrewback."'Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceshowedanypain-relatedbehavior

thatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss,“the

researcherswroteintheirpaper.

Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironment,thisbiodegradableglassisnotasdurableas

traditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinheat.Inordertoovercomethisbarrier,the

researcherschemicallymodifiedtheaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocedureappliedinglassmaking.This

iswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher.

"It'simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scale

commercialization,9,emphasizedYanXuehai,aprofessorinvolvedinthestudy,inapressrelease.

12.Whatdidtheresearchersstudyduringtheexperiment?

A.Themice'sskinhealingprocess.B.Thebreakdownoftheglassbeads.

C.Themedicalvalueofthenewglass.D.Theglassdegradationwithlessinjurytothemice.

13.Howdotheresearchersimprovethedurabilityofaminoacidglass?

A.Addingmoreaminoacids.B.Heatingtheglassandrapidlycoolingit.

C.Usingspecialchemicalsubstances.D.Changingtheproducingprocessofglass.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“modified“inParagraph4mean?

A.Transformed.B.Melted.C.Enlarged.D.Produced.

15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ANewKindofPerfectGlassB.AminoAcidsMakeGlassTougher

C.Large-scaleCommercialGlassProductsD.Environment-FriendlyandBiodegradableGlass

【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了中國(guó)科學(xué)院的專家團(tuán)隊(duì)利用氨基酸研制出一種可降解的環(huán)保玻璃。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段”"Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceshowedanypain-relatedbehaviorthat

mayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss,"the

researcherswroteintheirpaper.（研究人員在論文中寫(xiě)道：”在整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)期間，沒(méi)有老鼠表現(xiàn)出可能由玻璃植

入引起的任何與疼痛相關(guān)的行為，也沒(méi)有老鼠出現(xiàn)明顯的體重減輕?！埃笨芍?，研究人員在實(shí)驗(yàn)中研究出

玻璃降解對(duì)小鼠損傷較小。故選D。

【13題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段"Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidly

cooledsoastomaketheglasstougher.（這是當(dāng)玻璃材料被加熱變軟，然后迅速冷卻，以使玻璃更堅(jiān)韌的時(shí)

候）”可知，研究人員加熱玻璃并迅速冷卻來(lái)提高氨基酸玻璃的耐久性。故選B。

【14題詳解】

詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文"Inordert。overcomethisbarrier,theresearcherschemically”以及后文"the

aminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocedureappliedinglassmaking”可知，為了克月艮這——障礙，研究人員

使用玻璃制造中應(yīng)用的加熱一冷卻程序?qū)Π被徇M(jìn)行化學(xué)轉(zhuǎn)換。故劃線詞意思是“轉(zhuǎn)換”。故選A。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第~■段"Alotofglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate（碳酸鈉）canbereusedor

melteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn'tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsfor

thousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopingan

eco-consciousalternative^今天，許多由沙子和碳酸鈉制成玻璃可以重復(fù)使用或熔化并回收制成新物品，

但它不會(huì)在環(huán)境中分解，將在垃圾填埋場(chǎng)中放置數(shù)千年。一組中國(guó)科學(xué)家旨在通過(guò)開(kāi)發(fā)一種具有生態(tài)意識(shí)

的替代品來(lái)解決這種環(huán)境問(wèn)題）”結(jié)合主要介紹了中國(guó)科學(xué)院的專家團(tuán)隊(duì)利用氨基酸研制出一種可降解的環(huán)

保玻璃。可知，D選項(xiàng)“環(huán)保型、可生物降解玻璃”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Ifsverycommonthesedaysforpeopletohaveagymplan.Whateverthedrivebehindit,itisimpossiblefor

peopletotakesomesortofregularexerciseeachweek.

Butifyou'veneverdoneitbefore,whafsthebestwaytogoaboutit?Well,manypeoplemakeuseofaPT一

thafsapersonaltrainer.Thismightbebecausethey'rewetbehindtheearsormaybetheyjustdon'twanttodesign

theirownworkoutplan.APTwillcreateaproperplanforyoubasedonyouraims.16And,betterstill,

theywillteachyouhowtomoveinawaythatwon'tweakenyou.

17EachhourlysessioncanbeexpensivebecauseyouhavetopayboththePTandmembershipof

thegym,too.Ifyouareshortofcashthenregularsessionsmightbeoutofyourbudget.

Sowhafsleft?18It'srelativelyeasytodoifyouhavetheknow-how.Butbeforeyoudo,hereare

somebasicpointers.

First,keepyourfitnessgoalinmind.Areyoulookingtoslimdown,bulkup（健壯），orincreaseyourabilities?

Whateveritis,makesurethethingsyouchoosetodoareinpursuitofthatgoal.Next,doyourresearch.These

days,socialmediaischock-fulloffitnessvideosandadvice.Watchasmanyoftheseaspossibleandbealittle

criticalofthem.Finally,keepyourfeetontheground.19Ittakesatleastthreemonthstoseeanyrealistic

bodychanges.Anddon'texercisetoomuch-neverworkinpain-agoodworkoutisdifficultandchallenging,but

neverpainful.20

Ifnothingelse,focusoncalisthenics（健美操）一thesearethebasicbodymovementswhicheveryonecando

anywhere,evenathome.

A.Painmeansyouaredamagingyourself.

B.Theywillchargeyoufortheirtrainwork.

C.Theywilltailorittoyourcurrentabilities.

D.However,thetrade-offwithaPTistheprice.

E.Bepatientwithyourselfandsetrealisticgoals.

F.Makesurethattheplacewhereyouexerciseisgood.

G.Well,ifyouhavethecourageforit,youcanmakeyourownplan.

【答案】16.C17.D18.G19.E20.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文講述了在現(xiàn)代，人們制定健身計(jì)劃的普遍現(xiàn)象，介紹了找個(gè)私人教練設(shè)計(jì)

健身計(jì)劃和自己設(shè)計(jì)健身計(jì)劃的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，并給出了制定健身計(jì)劃的三個(gè)基本指導(dǎo)方針。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“APTwillcreateaproperplanforyoubasedonyouraims.（私人教練會(huì)根據(jù)你的目標(biāo)為你制定一個(gè)

合適的計(jì)劃）”可知，上文提到了私人教練會(huì)根據(jù)你的目標(biāo)制定計(jì)劃，C選項(xiàng)“他們會(huì)根據(jù)你目前的能力量

身定做"符合語(yǔ)境，承接上文對(duì)此進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明。故選C。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“EachhourlysessioncanbeexpensivebecauseyouhavetopayboththePTandmembershipofthe

gym,too.Ifyouareshortofcashthenregularsessionsmightbeoutofyourbudget.（每小時(shí)的鍛煉可能會(huì)很貴，

因?yàn)槟氵€得付健身費(fèi)和健身房的會(huì)員費(fèi)。如果你缺錢(qián)，那么定期訓(xùn)練可能超出了你的預(yù)算）”可知，本段主

要說(shuō)明了找私人教練的價(jià)格問(wèn)題。故D選項(xiàng)“然而，找私人教練需要妥協(xié)的是價(jià)格”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Ifsrelativelyeasytodoifyouhavetheknow-how.Butbeforeyoudo,herearesomebasic

pointers.（如果你有訣竅，這是相對(duì)容易做到的。但在此之前，這里有一些基本的提示）”可知，本句主要說(shuō)

明后文提到的容易做到的是什么，結(jié)合上一段提到私人教練價(jià)格昂貴，可推測(cè)是建議自己制定計(jì)劃。故G

選項(xiàng)“嗯，如果你有勇氣，你可以制定自己的計(jì)劃”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G。

【19題詳解】

根據(jù)后文“Ittakesatleastthreemonthstoseeanyrealisticbodychanges.Anddon'texercisetoomuch-never

workinpain一agoodworkoutisdifficultandchallenging,butneverpainful.（至少需要三個(gè)月的時(shí)間才能看到任

何實(shí)際的身體變化。不要運(yùn)動(dòng)太多一一永遠(yuǎn)不要在痛苦中工作一一好的鍛煉是困難和具有挑戰(zhàn)性的，但從

不痛苦）”可知，后文提到需要三個(gè)月時(shí)間，可見(jiàn)需要耐心。故E選項(xiàng)“對(duì)自己有耐心，設(shè)定現(xiàn)實(shí)的目標(biāo)”

符合語(yǔ)境，故選E。

[20題詳解】

根據(jù)上文“Anddon'texercisetoomuch-neverworkinpain-agoodworkoutisdifficultandchallenging,but

neverpainful.（不要運(yùn)動(dòng)太多一一永遠(yuǎn)不要在痛苦中工作——好的鍛煉是困難和具有挑戰(zhàn)性的，但從不痛

苦）”可知，上文提到了運(yùn)動(dòng)太多導(dǎo)致痛苦，本句承接上文說(shuō)明痛苦意味著什么。故A選項(xiàng)“疼痛意味著

你在傷害自己”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A。

第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

ThatyearIwasnineteenandstudyingchemistryatcollege.Myfamilythoughteducationwasthe21

tosuccess.Iagreed.However,Ifeltdullinchemistryclass.Oneday,myprofessorasked,tuWhyareyouherewhen

youhavelittle22inchemistry?^^Itriedtoexplainbyblamingpressurefrommy23.But

apparentlyheknewitwasjusta（n）24excuse.Hesaid,“Yoursuccesscanonlybemeasuredbyyourself

butnotbyyourparents.Thereisnosecrettosuccess,noexaminationyouhaveto25、butpassionisvery

important.Tobesuccessful,youmustfollowyour26.Whetheryouarepassionateaboutfixingcarsor

exploringtheworld,youmustbepassionateaboutyourgoaland27apathtorealizeit.Thenyouwill

achievesuccessandfind28

Atnineteen,theadvicewashardformeto29.butIknewhewascorrect.Hiswords30me

Ishouldconsider“Ithink“ratherthan“myparentsthink”.Imadeaselfexaminationandfoundmypassionwas

31.1hadagiftforplayingthepianobutI32it.

Therewasonlyonewayto33whetherIcouldbeasuccessfulmusician,soItookmyprofessor^

adviceand34totheuniversity'smusicschool.

I'mnowfiftyyearsold,andlive35.WhenIwatchedthevariousawardsIreceivedonthewallsinmy

office,acontentedsmileappearedonmyface.

21.A.keyB.patternC.factorD.process

22.A.intelligenceB.difficultyC.interestD.time

23.A.friendsB.parentsC.teachersD.companions

24.A.identicalB.reasonableC.convincingD.weak

25.A.passB.monitorC.evaluateD.arrange

26.A.optimismB.determinationC.emotionD.passion

27.A.cleanB.setC.repairD.cross

28.A.happinessB.problemsC.regretsD.personality

29.A.adaptB.turndownC.absorbD.putforward

30.A.warnedB.commandedC.advisedD.reminded

31.A.musicB.chemistryC.physicsD.subject

32.A.emphasizedB.ignoredC.valuedD.avoided

33A.wonderB.discussC.proveD.doubt

34.A.admittedB.switchedC.headedD.returned

35.A.poorlyB.cautiouslyC.bitterlyD.happily

【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.A26.D27.B28.A29.C

A32.B33.C34.B35.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者迫于父母的壓力選擇了化學(xué)，但是對(duì)化學(xué)并不感興趣。于是教

授建議作者追隨自己的激情所在，作者聽(tīng)從了建議，發(fā)現(xiàn)自己喜歡音樂(lè)，于是轉(zhuǎn)到了大學(xué)的音樂(lè)學(xué)院，最

后作者過(guò)著幸福地生活。

[21題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的家人認(rèn)為教育是成功的關(guān)鍵。A.key關(guān)鍵；B.pattern模式；C.factor因

素；D.process程序。根據(jù)后文"tosuccess”指家人認(rèn)為教育是成功的關(guān)鍵，短語(yǔ)keytosuccess表示“成

功關(guān)鍵”。故選A。

【22題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，我的教授問(wèn)我：“你對(duì)化學(xué)一點(diǎn)興趣都沒(méi)有，為什么還要來(lái)這里？"A.

intelligence智慧；B.difficulty困難；C.interest興趣；D.time時(shí)間。根據(jù)上文“However,Ifeltdullin

chemistryclass.（然而，我在化學(xué)課上感到無(wú)聊）”可知，作者對(duì)化學(xué)不感興趣。故選C。

【23題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我試圖通過(guò)歸咎于父母壓力來(lái)解釋。A.friends朋友；B.parents父母；C.

teachers老師；D.companions同伴。根據(jù)后文“Yoursuccesscanonlybemeasuredbyyourself,butnotbyyour

parents.（你的成功只能由你自己來(lái)衡量，而不是由你的父母來(lái)衡量）”可知，作者是迫于父母的壓力選擇了

化學(xué)。故選B。

【24題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但顯然他知道這只是一個(gè)沒(méi)有說(shuō)服力的借口。'identical相同的；B.

reasonable合理的；C.convincing令人信服的；D.weak無(wú)說(shuō)服力的，虛弱的。根據(jù)后文“Yoursuccesscan

onlybemeasuredbyyourself,butnotbyyourparents.（你的成功只能由你自己來(lái)衡量，而不是由你的父母來(lái)衡

量）”可知，教授知道這只是一個(gè)沒(méi)有說(shuō)服力的借口。故選D。

【25題詳解】

考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。