人教版九年級全一冊英語unit5語法精講-一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)

語法精講——一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)知識點01概念【語法詳解】語態(tài)的概念：在英語中有主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)兩種語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。WespeakEnglish.我們講英語。(主動語態(tài))Englishisspokenbyus.英語被我們講。(被動語態(tài))一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：表示現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),主語是動作的承受者。知識點02句型結(jié)構(gòu)【語法詳解】一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)(1)肯定句:主語+am/is/are+及物動詞的過去分詞+其他Thedeskismadebyhim,這張桌子是他做的。(2)否定句:主語+am/is/are+not+及物動詞的過去分詞+其他,Thedeskisn'tmadebyhim.這張桌子不是他做的。(3)一般疑問句:Am/Is/Are+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞+其他?Isthedeskmadebyhim?這張桌子是他做的嗎?(4)特殊疑問句:特殊疑問詞+am/is/are+主語+及物動詞的過去分詞+其他?Whereisthedeskmadebyhim?這張桌子是他在哪兒做的?知識點03被動語態(tài)的用法【語法詳解】被動語態(tài)的用法：(1)當我們不知道誰是動作的執(zhí)行者,或是沒有必要指出誰是動作的執(zhí)行者時,可用被動語態(tài)Thisdeskismadeofwood.這張桌子是由木頭制成的。(2)強調(diào)動作的承受者時,要用被動語態(tài)。Herbikeisstolen.她的自行車被偷了。知識點04主動語態(tài)改成被動語態(tài)【語法詳解】主動語態(tài)改成被動語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換步驟第一步:先確定主動句中的主語、謂語和賓語,找出其中的謂語動詞。第二步:把主動句中謂語動詞后面的賓語變?yōu)楸粍泳涞闹髡Z,若賓語是人稱代詞,應(yīng)把賓格變?yōu)橹鞲瘛５谌?把主動句中的謂語動詞變?yōu)椤爸鷦釉~be十及物動詞的過去分詞”,但時態(tài)不能改變。第四步:把主動句中謂語動詞前面的主語變?yōu)楸粍泳渲薪樵~by的賓語(沒必要說出動作的執(zhí)行者時可省略),若主語是人稱代詞,應(yīng)把主格變?yōu)橘e格。知識點05必背過去分詞詞義動詞原形過去式過去分詞喚醒，醒來awake

awokeawoken

是bewas,werebeen

忍受，承受bearboreborn

打，拍打beatbeatbeaten

改變，變化becomebecamebecome

開始beginbeganbegun

打賭betbetbet

吹blowblewblown

打破，破壞breakbrokebroken

帶來bringbroughtbrought

建造buildbuiltbuilt

燃燒，燒毀burnburned/burntburned/burnt

購買buyboughtbought

捕捉，趕上，感染catchcaughtcaught

選擇choosechosechosen

來comecamecome

花費costcostcost

切，割cutcutcut

處理，應(yīng)付dealdealtdealt

做dodiddone

繪畫drawdrewdrawn

做夢，夢想dream

dreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt開車，駕駛，驅(qū)使drivedrovedriven

喝，喝酒drink

drankdrunk吃eatateeaten

落下，倒下fallfellfallen

喂，飼養(yǎng)feedfedfed

感覺feelfeltfelt

打架，對抗fightfoughtfought

發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到findfoundfound

適合fitfitfit

逃跑fleefledfled

飛，飛翔，飄揚flyflewflown

禁止forbidforbadeforbidden忘記forgetforgotforgotten

原諒forgiveforgaveforgiven

（使）凍結(jié)；愣住freezefrozefrozen

得到，到達，變得getgotgotten

給，給予givegavegiven

去，走gowentgone

種植，生長，發(fā)展growgrewgrown

懸掛，垂下hanghunghung

有，懷有havehadhad

聽到，傾聽hearheardheard

躲藏hidehidhidden

擊中hithithit

把握，持續(xù)，holdheldheld

（使）傷害，刺痛hurthurthurt

保持，繼續(xù)keepkeptkept

知道，得知knowknewknown

放置，鋪設(shè)；下蛋l(fā)aylaidlaid

帶領(lǐng)，率領(lǐng)leadledled

學習；得知learnlearned/learntlearned/learnt離開；留下leaveleftleft

借給，貸款給lendlentlent

讓；出租letletlet

躺著，位于lielaylain

點燃lightlitlighted

失去loselostlost

制作，制造makemademade

意思是；想要meanmeantmeant

遇見；滿足meetmetmet

吃得過多overeatoverateovereaten錯誤mistakemistookmistaken

支付，償還paypaidpaid

擺，放，安置putputput

復(fù)述；再講retellretoldretold重建；改造；復(fù)原rebuildrebuiltrebuilt閱讀readreadread

騎，乘坐rideroderidden

按鈴；鈴聲響ringrangrung

升起；起床riseroserisen

跑；行駛；運轉(zhuǎn)runranrun說話saysaidsaid

看見seesawseen

尋找seeksoughtsought

賣，出賣sellsoldsold發(fā)送；寄；派遣sendsentsent

放，安置，確定setsetset

搖晃，搖擺shakeshookshaken

照耀，發(fā)光shineshoneshone

給……穿鞋；給馬釘鐵蹄shoeshoedshoed/shod射擊shootshotshot

表示，顯示，露面showshowedshowed/shown

關(guān)閉shutshutshut

唱歌singsangsung

下沉，沉沒sinksanksunk

坐，就坐；坐落sitsatsat

嗅，聞；察覺到smellsmelled/smeltsmelled/smelt睡，睡覺sleepsleptslept

滑動，滑落slideslidslid

講話speakspokespoken

速度speedspedsped

吐痰；吐口水；吐出spitspit/spatspit/spat傳播，散布；展開spreadspreadspread花費spendspentspent

站、立，坐落，忍受standstoodstood

偷竊stealstolestolen

插入，刺入；粘貼stickstuckstuck

串起，縛，扎stringstrungstrung

打掃，掃除sweepsweptswept

游泳swimswamswum

拿，取，抓taketooktaken

教，教學，講授teachtaughttaught

撕扯teartoretorn

告訴telltoldtold

思想，考慮thinkthoughtthought

投，擲，拋，丟throwthrewthrown

理解understandunderstoodunderstood叫醒，弄醒wakewokewoken

穿著，戴；磨損wearworeworn

贏得，獲勝winwonwon

寫，書寫writewrotewritten

【經(jīng)典練】1．（2023·湖南益陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,computers________inclassnow.A．use B．used C．a(chǎn)reused2．（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.It________bypeopleofallages.A．isloved B．wasloved C．willlove D．isloving3．（2023·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Teaisverypopularintheworld.It________inmanydifferentareasinChinanow.A．produces B．produced C．isproduced D．wasproduced4．（2023·北京·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Theparkisgettingmoreandmorebeautifulbecausemorekindsofflowers________everyyear.A．a(chǎn)replanted B．wereplanted C．plant D．planted5．（2023·江蘇揚州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Sandturnstoglasswhenit________bylightning.A．hits B．ishit C．ishitting D．willbehit6．（2023·河北·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Breakfast________everydayforpeopleagedover60forfreeinthisvillage.A．provides B．provided C．isprovided D．wasprovided7．（2023·湖北鄂州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whatlanguage________inGermany?—MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.A．speak B．isspoken C．isspeaking D．speaks8．（2023·湖北孝感·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—HaveyouheardoftheUNChineseLanguageDay?—Ofcourse.Chinese________bymoreandmorepeoplearoundtheworldnowadays.A．spoke B．isspoken C．speaks D．wasspoken9．（2023·湖南郴州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Manytreesandflowers________everyyeartomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.A．plant B．a(chǎn)replanted C．wereplanted10．（2023·四川成都·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Agreatnumberofbeautifulflowers________onthesecondringroadinChengduthesedays.A．plant B．a(chǎn)replanted C．a(chǎn)replanting

答案1．（2023·湖南益陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,computers________inclassnow.A．use B．used C．a(chǎn)reused【答案】C【詳解】句意：隨著技術(shù)的發(fā)展，計算機現(xiàn)在在課堂上使用?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)。主語computers和謂語use“使用”之間是被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)bedone。故選C。2．（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.It________bypeopleofallages.A．isloved B．wasloved C．willlove D．isloving【答案】A【詳解】句意：孫悟空是中國的一個傳統(tǒng)人物。它受到所有年齡段的人的喜愛?？疾楸粍诱Z態(tài)及動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)“by”可知，此處是被動語態(tài)，指孫悟空被人們喜愛。本句陳述事實，故為一般現(xiàn)在時。故選A。3．（2023·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Teaisverypopularintheworld.It________inmanydifferentareasinChinanow.A．produces B．produced C．isproduced D．wasproduced【答案】C【詳解】句意：茶在世界上很受歡迎?，F(xiàn)在中國許多不同的地區(qū)都產(chǎn)茶。考查被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)now可知，此句是一般現(xiàn)在時，主語It與動詞produce之間是被動關(guān)系，所以此處用一般現(xiàn)在時被動語態(tài)am/is/aredone的結(jié)構(gòu)，故選C。4．（2023·北京·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Theparkisgettingmoreandmorebeautifulbecausemorekindsofflowers________everyyear.A．a(chǎn)replanted B．wereplanted C．plant D．planted【答案】A【詳解】句意：這個公園變得越來越美麗因為每年都有更多種花被種。考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。主語“morekindsofflowers”與動詞plant之間是動賓關(guān)系，結(jié)合“everyyear”可知用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為am/is/aredone。故選A。5．（2023·江蘇揚州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Sandturnstoglasswhenit________bylightning.A．hits B．ishit C．ishitting D．willbehit【答案】B【詳解】句意：沙子被閃電擊中會變成玻璃?？疾檎Z態(tài)。句子主語it指代的是“Sand”，與動詞hit之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，陳述事實用一般現(xiàn)在時，故選B。6．（2023·河北·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Breakfast________everydayforpeopleagedover60forfreeinthisvillage.A．provides B．provided C．isprovided D．wasprovided【答案】C【詳解】句意：這個村子每天為60歲以上的老人免費提供早餐。考查一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。本句主語Breakfast是動作provide的承受者，結(jié)合“everyday”可知，是一般現(xiàn)在時，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。故選C。7．（2023·湖北鄂州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—Whatlanguage________inGermany?—MostpeoplespeakGerman,butmanycanspeakEnglish,too.A．speak B．isspoken C．isspeaking D．speaks【答案】B【詳解】句意：——在德國說哪種語言？——大多數(shù)人會說德語，但也有很多人會說英語。考查一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)。句子應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，句子主語language與動詞speak存在邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，則句子采用一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)，其謂語結(jié)構(gòu)為：am/is/are+過去分詞。故選B。8．（2023·湖北孝感·統(tǒng)考中考真題）—HaveyouheardoftheUNChineseLanguageDay?—Ofcourse.C