2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit3DiverseCultures單元加餐練習題含解析新人教版必修第三冊

Unit3DiverseCultures單元加餐練Ⅰ.閱讀理解IntheageofAmazonandtheInternet,theideaofgoingtoapubliclibrarytoborrowabookmayseemevermoreunusualandold-fashionedinmanypartsoftheworld,butonecountry,atleast,isholdingonittightly:theCzechRepublic.Therearelibrarieseverywhereyoulookinthecountry.Thereisonelibraryforevery1,971Czechcitizens—fourtimesasmany,relativetopopulation,astheaverageEuropeancountry,and10timesasmanyastheUnitedStates,whichhasoneforevery19,583people.WhysomanyCzechlibraries?Well,fordecadestheyweremandatory—everycommunity,fromabigcitydowntoatinyvillage,wasrequiredbylawtohaveone.Thelawwasenactedin1919,soonafterCzechoslovakiaemergedasanindependentcountry.ThelibrarylawsurvivedtheGermanoccupationandthebreakupwithSlovakiaintheearly1990s.Whatitcouldn'tsurvivewasbudgetpressure.Tosavemoney,therequirementwasdroppedin2001,whentherewereabout6,019librariesinthecountry；sincethen,about11percenthavebeencombinedorclosed.Now,thesurvivingCzechlibrariesaredoingwhattheycantostayvibrant(生氣勃勃的)andrelevant.Theyserveaslocalmeetingplaces,Theyorganizereadingclubsandartexhibitsandoffercomputerliteracy(讀寫)courses,andtheywelcomegroupsofschoolchildrenandretireesduringtheday.Butmostly,theydowhat92percentofCzechsstillwantthemtogoondoing:Theylendbooks.這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了捷克數量驚人的圖書館以及擁有如此多圖書館背后的緣由，和后來由于資金短缺，大約11%的圖書館被合并或關閉?，F在的捷克人最常去圖書館借書。1．Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A．TheriseandfallofCzechlibraries.B．ThedifficultiesCzechlibrariesface.C．ThetransformationoflibraryservicesinCzech.D．TheamazingnumberofCzechlibraries.答案：D解析：段落大意題。依據第一段最終一句Thereisonelibraryforevery1,971Czechcitizens—fourtimesasmany,relativetopopulation,astheaverageEuropeancountry,and10timesasmanyastheUnitedStates,whichhasoneforevery19,583people.(每1971名捷克公民就擁有一座圖書館，是歐洲平均水平的4倍，是美國的10倍。美國每19583人擁有一座圖書館。)可知第一段主要介紹捷克數量驚人的圖書館。故選D。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mandatory”inParagraph2mean?A．Essential. B．Available.C．Compulsory. D．Particular.答案：C解析：詞義揣測題。依據下文everycommunity,fromabigcitydowntoatinyvillage,wasrequiredbylawtohaveone.(法律要求每個社區(qū)，從大城市到小村莊，都必需有一個。)可知捷克圖書館是法律強制要求的，是強制性的，故畫線部分單詞意思為“強制的”。A.Essential.基本的；B.Available.可獲得的；Cpulsory強制的；D.Particular.特殊的；故選C。3．What'sthereasonforCzechlibrariescombinationorclose?A．Themoneyshortage. B．TheGermanoccupation.C．Thegovernment'spolicy. D．ThebreakupwithSlovakia.答案：A解析：細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據其次段最終一句Tosavemoney,therequirementwasdroppedin2001,whentherewereabout6,019librariesinthecountry；sincethen,about11percenthavebeencombinedorclosed.可知為了省錢，要求在2001年被降了下來，當時這個國家大約有6019座圖書館；從那時起，大約11%被合并或關閉。即捷克圖書館合并或關閉的緣由是資金短缺。故選A。4．Accordingtothetext,peoplegototoday'sCzechlibrariesmostoftento________.A．admireworksofart B．borrowbooksC．joinreadingclubs D．learncomputerskills答案：B解析：推理推斷題。依據最終一段最終一句Butmostly,theydowhat92percentofCzechsstillwantthemtogoondoing:Theylendbooks.可知，大部分圖書館照舊向外借書，因此推斷現在的捷克人去圖書館許多的時候是借書。故選B。Ⅱ.七選五Parentsoftensaythattheydon'tmindwhattheirchildrendoinlifejustaslongastheyarehappy.Happinessandpleasurearealmostuniversallyseenasamongthemostprecioushumangoods.__1__PhilosopherJeremyBenthambelievedthatallsourcesofpleasureareofequalquality,butJohnStuartMilldisagreed.Millarguedforadifferencebetweenhigherandlowerpleasure.__2__Lowerpleasure,incontrast,requiresmere(僅僅的；純粹的)senses.Theentiredebateassumesacleardividebetweenthephysicalandthemental.__3__Whatwillitmeanforourideasaboutpleasure?__4__Foodisusuallyconsideredtobethelowerpleasure.Allanimalseat,usingthesensesofsmellandtaste.Itdoesn'trequireanycomplexcognition(認知)toconcludethatsomethingisdelicious.However,thesepeoplefailedtoappreciatesomethingthattheFrenchfoodwriterJeanAnthelmeBrillat-Savarincaptured.Thatis,“Animalsfeed;maneats;onlythemanofintellect(才智)knowshowtoeat.”Eatingshowsthatthedifferencebetweenhigherpleasureandlowerpleasureisnotwhatyouenjoybuthowyouenjoyit.__5__Preparingitusingthepowersofreflectionandattentionturnsitintoahigherpleasure.A．Thediningtableisagoodplacetostart.B．Wolfingdownyourfoodisalowerkindofpleasure.C．What'stherealdifferencebetweenhighandlowpleasure?D．Whathappensifthephysicalandthementalcannotbeseparated?E．Allphilosophersbelievedthatcookerycouldneverbeaformofart.F．Higherpleasuredependsonhumanabilitiessuchasself-awarenessorlanguageuse.G．However,disagreementswillbecausedaboutwhethersomeformsofpleasurearebetterthanothers.這是一篇說明文。華蜜和歡樂幾乎被普遍認為是人類最珍貴的財寶之一。然而，關于某些形式的歡樂是否比其他形式的好，會產生分歧。1．G解析：依據其次段第一句PhilosopherJeremyBenthambelievedthatallsourcesofpleasureareofequalquality,butJohnStuartMilldisagreed.可知JeremyBentham認為全部歡樂的來源都是同等的，但是JohnStuartMill不同意?？芍P于某些形式的歡樂是否比其他形式的好，存在分歧。故選G。2．F解析：依據上文Millarguedforadifferencebetweenhigherandlowerpleasure.(密爾認為歡樂的凹凸是有區(qū)分的。)下文提到了lowerpleasure，即可知本句應是說明白higherpleasure。故選F：更高的歡樂取決于人類的實力，如自我意識或語言運用。3．D解析：依據上文Theentiredebateassumesacleardividebetweenthephysicalandthemental.(整個辯論在生理和心理上有明顯的分歧。)中physicalandthemental可對應到D選項中thephysicalandthemental，句意：假如身體和精神不能分開會發(fā)生什么？故選D。4．A解析：依據下文Foodisusuallyconsideredtobethelowerpleasure.可知提到了food，故可對應到A選項中的diningtable。句意：餐桌就是一個分歧很明顯的地方。故選A。5．B解析：依據后文Preparingitusingthepowersofreflectionandattentionturnsitintoahigherpleasure.(用反思和專注的力氣來打算它，會把它變成一種更高的樂趣。)可知上文應當描述低級趣味。B項，狼吞虎咽是一種低級趣味。故選B。Ⅲ.完形填空HunterShamattlosthiswalletwhilehewasonaflightfromOmahatoDenverearlierthismonth.Uponrealizingthathiswalletwaslost,he__1__theairlinetoseeifanyonehadturneditin—butfruitlessly.__2__thewalletcontainedhisID,asignedpaycheck,$60incash,etc,hefearedtheworst.Twodaysaftertheflight,however,Hunterwas__3__toreceiveapackageinthemailfromananonymous(匿名的)sender.Insidewashiswallet—__4__anadditional$40incash.“Iroundedyourcashuptoaneven$100soyoucouldcelebratethe__5__ofyourwallet.”，readaletterthatwasenclosedwiththepackage.Hunter'smother,Jeannie,postedaphotoofthe__6__tosocialmediainhopesthattheywouldbeabletotrackdownthesender.Alltheyhadtogoonwasthattheletterwas__7__fromAppliedUnderwritersinOmahaandthesender'sinitialsweresigned“T.B”.Thesenderwaslater__8__asToddBrown,whowasdelightedto“havealittlefun”withhelpingoutahard-workingstranger.“Isawhewasjustakid,20yearsold.Hehadapaycheckinthere,soI__9__，‘Well,he'sdoinghisbesttomakeendsmeet.’”saidBrown.“Hunterwasvery__10__.Hetoldmehehassomestudentloanstopaywithintwodayssothe__11__wasright，”Brownadded,“He__12__itwasgoneforever.Sowhenheopenedit,hejuststartedscreaming,‘Noway!Noway！’”Brownsaysthatheoftentriestodogoodthingswithoutanyrecognition;that'swhyhedidn'tsignhis__13__ontheletter,butJeannielaterinsistedon__14__himonsocialmedia.JeanniewroteonFacebook,“Thisstoryismoreaboutrebuilding__15__inpeoplethananything.”這是一篇記敘文，主要講是Hunter在機場丟了錢包，后意外收到匿名人士寄來的包袱，里面是他的錢包，還有40美元。后來通過網絡找到了寄件人，這個故事讓作者重建對人性的信念。1．A.ordered B．contactedC．caught D．checked答案：B解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當他意識到他的錢包丟了時，他聯系了航空公司，想看看是否有人把錢包交上去了——但是沒有結果。A.ordered預定；B.contacted聯系；C.caught抓?。籇.checked檢查。依據常識可知，他丟了錢包之后第一時間去聯系航空公司，故選B項。2．A.Though B．WhileC．Since D．Unless答案：C解析：考查狀語從句連詞辨析。句意：HunterShamatt的錢包里有他的身份證、一張簽了名的支票、60美元的現金等，他擔憂會發(fā)生最壞的狀況。A.Though盡管；B.While當；C.Since因為；D.Unless除非。依據語境可知，此處兩句是因果關系，故選C項。3．A.shocked B．amusedC．anxious D．frightened答案：A解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當亨特收到一個匿名寄件人寄來的包袱時，他感到很震驚。A.shocked震驚的；B.amused開心的；C.anxious焦慮的；D.frightened嚇壞的。依據語境可知，收到了一個匿名寄件人的包袱，亨特是特別震驚的，故選A項。4．A.apartfrom B．exceptforC．alongwith D．insteadof答案：C解析：考查詞組辨析。句意：里面是他的錢包，另外還有40美元現金。A.apartfrom除了；B.exceptfor除了；C.alongwith和……一起；D.insteadof代替。結合語境和下文可知，包袱中有亨特的錢包，另外還有40美金，故選C項。5．A.search B．completenessC．valuable D．return答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我把你的現金四舍五入到100美元，這樣你就可以慶祝你的錢包回來了。A.search搜尋；Bpleteness完全；C.valuable珍貴物品；D.return返回。結合語境可知，此處意為“錢包的返還”，故選D項。6．A.sender B．letterC．wallet D．package答案：B解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：亨特的母親珍妮把這封信的照片發(fā)到社交媒體上，希望他們能找到寄件人。A.sender寄件人；B.letter信件；C.wallet錢包；D.package包袱。依據句意，故選B項。7．A.accepted B．sentC．taken D．collected答案：B解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這封信是由奧馬哈的應用保險公司發(fā)出的，發(fā)信人的首字母縮寫是“T.B.”。A.accepted接受；B.sent發(fā)送；C.taken帶著；D.collected收集。依據語境和下文可知，故選B項。8．A.known B．consideredC．identified D．introduced答案：C解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：發(fā)送者后來被確認為是ToddBrown，他很興奮能“有一點搞笑地”幫助一位努力工作的生疏人。A.known相識；B.considered考慮；C.identified分辨；D.introduced介紹。依據句意可知，beidentifiedas意為“被認為是……”，故選C項。9．A.noticed B．repliedC．doubted D．figured答案：D解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我看到他只是個孩子，20歲。他在那里有份薪水，所以我想‘好吧，他在盡自己最大努力使得收支平衡?！辈祭收f。A.noticed留意到；B.replied回復；C.doubted懷疑；D.figured認為。依據語境可知，“Well,he'sdoinghisbesttomakeendsmeet.”是Brown內心的考慮，故選D項。10．A.thankful B．stressfulC．thoughtful D．regretful答案：A解析：考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：亨特特別感謝。A.thankful感謝的；B.stressful有壓力的；C.thoughtful深思的；D.regretful缺憾的。依據語境可知，因為年輕人的善舉，亨特確定是很感謝的，故選A項。11．A.behavior B．numberC．timing D．paycheck答案：C解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他告知我，他有一些學生貸款要在兩天內還清，所以時機是對的。A.behavior行為；B.number號碼；C.timing時機；D.paycheck薪水。依據句意，故選C項。12．A.remembered B．assumedC．admitted D．imagined答案：B解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他以為它恒久消逝了。A.remembered記?。籅.assumed認為；C.admitted承認；D.imagined想象。依據句意，故選B項。13．A.address B．markC．phonenumber D．fullname答案：D解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：布朗說，他常常試圖做一些不須要任何贊美的好事；所以他沒有在信上寫全名。A.address地址；B.mark標記；C.phonenumber電話號碼；D.fullname全名。依據前文可知Brown并沒有寫自己的全名在包袱上，故選D項。14．A.questioning B．praisingC．disturbing D．surprising答案：B解析：考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但珍妮后來堅持在社交媒體上贊揚他。A.questioning提問；B.praising表揚；C.disturbing打攪；D.surprising驚異。故選B項。15．A.faith B．ambitionC．appreciation D．strength答案：A解析：考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個故事最重要的是重建了人們的信念。A.faith信念；B.ambition雄心；C.appreciation觀賞；D.strength力氣。依據語境可知，這個故事最重要的是重建了人們的信念，故選A項。Ⅳ.概要寫作閱讀下面短文，依據其內容寫一篇60詞左右的內容概要。RecentlyItoldmy7-year-oldgrandsonthatIwouldn'tgettoseehimforaweekbecauseIwasgoingawayonbusiness.HeknowsIoftentravel,butthe“business”partcaughthisattention.“Can'tyouwriteyourarticlesatyourhouse？”heasked.HeknowsIwritesomearticleseachweek.“I'mnotwritingonthistrip，”Isaid.“I'mspeaking;it'spartofmyjob.”Formanyyears,mychildrenknewmeassimplytheirmother.Inkindergarten(幼兒園),whenaskedtotellhisclassabouthisfamily,myoldestchildsaid,“My