2024-2025學年新教材高中英語課時素養(yǎng)評價一Unit1PeopleofAchievementReadingandThinking含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGE一Unit1ReadingandThinkingⅠ.單詞拼法1.Thedigitaleconomyiscrucial(關鍵的)intoday’sworld.2.Culturalexchangeisvital(極其重要的)forthecountrieslikeChinaandFijitolearnfromeachotherforcommondevelopment.3.Anobjective(客觀的)statementisbasedonfactsandobservations.4.Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatstudentsshouldbeevaluated(評價)intermsofoverallquality.5.Thechildrenfrompoorfamilieswereatadistinct(明顯的)disadvantage.6.Thehospitalhasrecentlyobtained(獲得)newmedicalequipment,allowingmorepatientstobetreated.7.Thecandidatewavedhishandstoacknowledge(感謝)thecheersofthecrowd.8.Withherluggageinherhands,thegirlstoodlookingroundinalldirections,butapparently(明顯)noonehadcometomeether.9.Hisdiscoveryisoneofthegreatestscientific(科學的)achievementsofthedecade.10.Thisbookteachesyouhowtoanalyse(分析)whatiscausingthestressinyourlife.Ⅱ.選詞填空commitoneselfto,bedistinctfrom,beacknowledgedas,insiston,leadto,bychance1.Silkisdistinctfromrayonineveryrespect.

2.HecommittedhimselftostudyEnglish.

3.Hiswordsled/leadtoaheateddiscussionamongthestudents.

4.Sheisacknowledgedasthebesttennisplayerintheworld.

5.Ourbuyersinsistonhighstandardsofworkmanshipandmaterials.

6.Thepairmetoften—atfirstbychancebutlaterbydesign.

Ⅲ.完成句子1.Upon/Onreachingthetopofthemountain,Ihadafeelingofprideandasenseofachievement.

一登上山頂,我就有驕傲感和成就感。2.Showinghisteethandmakingaloudnoise,thebearcameoutofthebushes.

熊從灌木叢里出來,露出牙齒,發(fā)出一種巨大的聲音。3.Thisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.

這本小說我已經(jīng)讀了三遍,它很感人。4.Isuggestbuyingheratoybearforherbirthdaypresent.

我建議給她買一個玩具熊作為生日禮物。5.Weconcluded/madeaconclusionthatphysicalactivityiscontrolledbythebrain,notbytheenvironment.

我們的結(jié)論是,身體活動是由大腦限制的,而不是由環(huán)境限制。Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·汕頭高二檢測)Onthe70thanniversaryofthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina,ChinesescientistTuYouyou,winnerofthe2015NobelPrizeforthediscoveryofartemisinin,hasbeenawardedChina’sMedaloftheRepublic.Themedalisthecountry’shighesthonourforoutstandingfiguresthathavemadegreatcontributionstotheconstructionandthedevelopmentoftheP.R.C.TuYouyou,bornin1930,hasbecomethefirstChinesewomantowinaNobelPrize,forherworkinhelpingtocreateananti-malariamedicine.The84-year-old’sroutetothehonourhasbeenanythingbuttraditional.InChina,sheisbeingcalledthe“threenos”winner:nomedicaldegree,nodoctorate,andshe’sneverworkedoverseas.In1967,malaria,athendeadlydisease,spreadbymosquitoeswasdecimatingChinesesoldiersfightingAmericansinthejunglesofnorthernVietnam.Asecretresearchunit“Mission523”wasformedtofindacurefortheillness.Twoyearslater,TuYouyouwasinstructedtobecomethenewheadof“Mission523”.“Mission523”readancientbookscarefullyforalongtimetofindhistoricalmethodsoffightingmalaria.Whenshestartedhersearchforananti-malariadrug,morethan240,000compounds(化合物)aroundtheworldhadalreadybeentested,withoutanysuccess.Finally,theteamfoundabriefreferencetoonesubstance,sweetwormwood,whichhadbeenusedtotreatmalariainChinaaround400A.D.Theteamtookoutoneactivecompoundinwormwood,andthentestedit.ButnothingwaseffectiveuntilTuYouyoureturnedtotheoriginalancienttext.Afteranothercarefulreading,shechangedthedrugrecipeonefinaltime,heatingthecompoundwithoutallowingittoreachboilingpoint.Afterthedrugshowedpromisingresultsinmiceandmonkeys,TuYouyouvolunteeredtobethefirsthumanrecipientofthenewdrug.“Inanycase,TuYouyouisconsistentlypraisedforherdriveandpassion”.Oneformercolleague,LiandaLi,saysMsTuis“unsociableandquitestraightforward”,addingthat“ifshedisagreeswithsomething,shewillsayit.”Anothercolleague,FumingLiao,whohasworkedwithTuYouyouformorethan40years,describesherasa“toughandstubbornwoman”.Stubbornenoughtospenddecadespiecingtogetherancienttexts,sheappliesthemtomodernscientificpractices.Theresulthassavedmillionsoflives.【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了發(fā)覺青蒿素的科學家屠呦呦以及她的事跡。1.AccordingtoParagraph2,wecanlearnthat______.

A.TuisthefirstwomantowinaNobelPrizeB.TuhasamedicaldegreeC.Tu’sroadtosuccessisnottraditionalD.Tudiscoveredacureformalaria【解析】選C。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段中“The84-year-old’sroutetothehonourhasbeenanythingbuttraditional.”可知,這位84歲老者的榮譽之路一點也不傳統(tǒng)。故從其次段我們可知,屠呦呦的勝利并不傳統(tǒng)。故選C。2.Theunderlinedword“decimating”inParagraph2canbereplacedby______.

A.encouragingB.killingC.annoying D.benefiting【解析】選B。詞義揣測題。依據(jù)文章其次段中“In1967,malaria,athendeadlydisease”可知,瘧疾是一種致命的疾病,依據(jù)“Asecretresearchunit’Mission523’wasformedtofindacurefortheillness.”可知,一個隱私的小組被成立來找尋治愈這種疾病的方法。由此可知,這種疾病正在殺死與美國人作戰(zhàn)的中國士兵。故“decimating”意為“殺死”。故選B。3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Tufirstinventedtheideaofusingsweetwormwoodasacure.B.TuwasinspiredbymedicaltextbookspublishedinnorthernVietnam.C.Thecompoundneedstobeheatedtotheboilingpointtobeeffective.D.Over240,000compoundswereprovedineffectivebeforeTu’ssearch.【解析】選D。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章第三段中“Whenshestartedher...success.”可知,當她起先找尋抗瘧疾藥物時,全世界已經(jīng)檢測過24萬多種化合物,但都沒有勝利。由此可知,在屠呦呦找尋之前,超過24萬種化合物被證明是無效的。故選D。4.TuYouyoucanbebestdescribedasa______person.

A.devotedandstubbornB.straightforwardandmeanC.considerateandtoughD.sociableandgenerous【解析】選A。推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段中“Anothercolleague,...’toughandstubbornwoman’.”可知,同事形容屠呦呦是一個固執(zhí)的人。依據(jù)文章倒數(shù)其次段中“Afterthedrug...drug.”可知,在這種藥物在老鼠和猴子身上顯示出有希望的效果后,屠呦呦自愿成為第一個接受這種新藥的人。由此可知,屠呦呦是一個有奉獻精神的人。故選A?！痉椒记伞吭~義揣測題是閱讀題中常見的出題形式。做這類題時,要依據(jù)詞、詞組或句子所在的語境,即上下文來推斷其意義。因此嫻熟駕馭一些猜詞技巧是做好這類題的關鍵。比如:依據(jù)語境,依據(jù)同義關系、對比關系、因果關系等,尤其需留意熟詞生義。例如本題第2小題的答案是依據(jù)因果關系揣測出來的。這種疾病正在殺死與美國人作戰(zhàn)的中國士兵?！凹膊≈旅笔且?士兵“被殺死”是果。故“decimating”意為“殺死”。故選B。B(2024·成都高二檢測)Whatarescientists?Theyareoftendescribedasgray-hairedwhite-coateddullscholars.Buttheworldhaschanged.Youngscientistsaremakingtheirvoicesheardandreleasingtheirpowersontheworldstage.ThisisalsotrueinChina.RisingstarsincludenewmaterialsexpertGongYongji,universityprofessorLiuMingzhen,andbiologistWanRuixue.Attheageof28in2024,WanRuixuereceivedthe2024Science&SciLifeLabPrizeforYoungScientists.Thisisaglobalprizetorewardoutstandingscientistsatanearlystageoftheircareers.Shefocusesmainlyonbiomedicine(生物醫(yī)學)andartificialintelligence(人工智能).“Botharecutting-edge(前沿)technologiesatanearlystageofdevelopment,”shesaid.“So,Ithinktheyhavegreatpotentialtobedeveloped.Ithinkinthestudyofcutting-edgetechnologies,Chinaandotherleadingcountriesintheworldarestandingonthesamestartingline.Andinthestudyofstructuralbiology,Chinaislikelytobecometheleader.”Shefeltitwasherfatetobecomeabiologist.“Igrewinterestedinthenaturalworld,whenIwasveryyoung,”shesaid.In2009,sheenteredSunYat-senUniversity.Inherthirdyearattheuniversity,sherealizedthatshewantedtodosomethingrelatedtobiomedicine.SosheemailedChina’stopbiologistShiYigong,hopingtojoinhislabatTsinghuaUniversity.Shirecognizedhertalentandwelcomedher.Yearsofeffortsatthelabhavepaidoff.Herresearchonthehigh-definition3Dstructureofspliceosomeledtoascientificbreakthrough.Unlikemanyofotheryoungscientistswhochoosetopursuefurtherstudyabroad,Wancurrentlyhasnoplantogooverseas.“ThewholeecosystemforscientificresearchiscontinuallyimprovinginChina,”shesaid,addingthecountryhasgreatsciencefacilities.【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報道。年輕的科學家們正在世界舞臺上發(fā)聲,并釋放他們的力氣。在中國也一樣,越來越多的年輕科學家投身科學探討,對社會做出了巨大的貢獻。他們對中國的科學技術和科學探討充溢自信。5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“releasing”inParagraph2mean?A.Givingout.B.Gettingover.C.Findingout. D.Takingover.【解析】選A。詞義揣測題。由其次段“Youngscientistsare...stage.”可知在世界舞臺上,年輕的科學家們正在發(fā)出他們的聲音,釋放他們的力氣。從句子中可以看到makingtheirvoicesheard和releasingtheirpowers并列,可以依據(jù)makingtheirvoicesheard(發(fā)出自己的聲音)揣測出releasing有“發(fā)出,散發(fā)”之意,故選A。6.WhatdoesWanRuixuefeelaboutthestudyofcutting-edgetechnologiesinChina?A.Anxious. B.Confident.C.Disappointed. D.Satisfied.【解析】選B。推理推斷題。由第五段可知萬蕊雪認為在前沿技術探討方面,中國和世界上的其他主要國家都站在相同的起跑線上。在結(jié)構(gòu)生物學探討方面,中國可能成為引領者。從這些話可以推斷,對中國前沿技術的探討,萬蕊雪充溢信念。故選B。7.WhatcanwelearnaboutWanRuixue’sjourneyofbecomingabiologist?A.Herteacherledherintothefield.B.Shefindsit’seasierthanshethought.C.Hercontributionhasbeenrecognized.D.Shethinksit’sboringbutworthtrying.【解析】選C。細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第三段可知施一公認可了她的才能,歡迎她加入。在試驗室數(shù)年的努力得到了回報。由此可以看出在萬蕊雪成為生物學家的過程中,她的付出得到了認可。故選C。8.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A.China’sBreakthroughinScienceB.RisingYoungScientistsinChinaC.WanRuixue:ASuccessfulYoungScientistD.NewImageofChineseScientists【解析】選B。主旨大意題。由其次段可知在世界舞臺上,年輕的科學家們正在發(fā)出他們的聲音,釋放他們的力氣。由第三段可知在中國也一樣。冉冉升起的新星包括……從上述內(nèi)容可以看出關鍵詞是China,Risingstars和Youngscientists。所以文章標題是中國正在升起的年輕科學家。故選B?！鹃喿x多維訓練】1.WhatisWanRuixue’majorresearchfield?Thebiomedicine.

2.WhatdoyouthinkoftheroletherisingyoungChinesescientistsareplayinginChina’sdevelopment?Theyareplayingaleadingrole.

3.Whatcanweknowfromthelastparagraph?China’senvironmentofscienceandtechnologyisbecomingbetterandbetter.

Ⅱ.完形填空IstillrememberIwas11yearsoldwhenIaskedmymomforpianolessonsin2010.Wewereinthefalloutoftherecession(經(jīng)濟衰退).Shesaidapolite“no”.Thatdidn’tstopme.Igoogledthemeasurementsforakeyboard,drewthekeysonapieceofpaperandstuckitonmydesk.Iwouldclick1onanonlinekeyboardand“play”thembackonmypaperone—keepingthe2theymadeonthecomputerinmyhead.Ispentsixmonthsplayingwithouttouchingarealpiano.OncemymomsawthatIwas3,sheborrowedmoneyandboughtme10lessons.

Istillrememberthefirstone.Iwas4byhowrealthesoundofthepianowas.Isatmygradeoneaftereightlessons.OnceIstartedsecondaryschool,wecouldn’t5lessonsagain.Ipassedgradethree,thengradefive,practicingonlyonmypieceofpaper.

Oneevening,WhenIwasabout13,mymomsaidshehadasurpriseforme;itwasanelectronickeyboard,boughtwithmore6money.ItwasthefirsttimeI’dplayedforher.Shewasinshock.

Myschooldidn’toffermusicA-level.IfoundthePurcellSchoolforyoungmusicians.Thetryouts(選拔)were7.Someofthequestions8anestimation(評價)ofthecomposerorwhenitwaswritten.Ifeltoverwhelmed(不知所措).Tomy9,Iwasofferedaplace.

AtPurcell,IspenttwoyearsworkingashardasIcould.Iperformedto10moneyandsavedenoughtobuymyfirstpiano.

WhenIleftPurcell,Iwas11theseniorpianoprizeandsenioracademicmusicprize.IamnowattheGuildhallSchoolinLondon.Ifeel12;it’sbeen10yearssinceIdrewmypaperpiano,andI’matoneoftheworld’s13musicschools.TheironyisthatIcontinuetodoalotofmypracticeawayfromthepiano:Whatwecall14practice.Thepaperpianohelpedsparkmy15abouthowmusicworks,thebuildingblocksthatformthepieces.

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講了作者癡迷于彈鋼琴,從彈自己制作的紙鋼琴起先,作者經(jīng)過刻苦的練習,一步一步地實現(xiàn)了自己的鋼琴夢,取得了矚目的成就。1.A.notesB.linesC.musicD.pictures【解析】選A。句意:我會點擊網(wǎng)上鍵盤上的音符,然后在我的紙質(zhì)鍵盤上“彈”它們——讓它們在電腦上發(fā)出的聲音留在我的腦海里。依據(jù)上文作者喜愛彈鋼琴,但沒錢,作者就在網(wǎng)上查到鋼琴尺寸,用紙畫了一張鋼琴鍵盤。當然作者應當是點擊鋼琴上的音符。2.A.shape B.gesture C.move D.sound【解析】選D。句意:我會點擊在線鍵盤上的音符,然后在我的紙質(zhì)鍵盤上“彈”它們——讓它們在電腦上發(fā)出的聲音留在我的腦海里。上文說我會點擊在線鍵盤上的音符,所以這里意思是然后在我的紙質(zhì)鍵盤上“彈”它們——讓它們在電腦上發(fā)出的聲音留在我的腦海里。故選D。3.A.careless B.serious C.modest D.kind【解析】選B。句意:當我媽媽看到我是仔細的時,她借錢給我買了10節(jié)課。上文說我在紙質(zhì)鋼琴上刻苦練習,所以媽媽看到我是仔細的(serious)。故選B。4.A.beaten B.struckC.amused D.entertained【解析】選B。句意:我被鋼琴真實的聲音打動。我從來沒有接觸過真正的鋼琴,所以當我第一次彈鋼琴時,我被鋼琴真實的聲音打動(struck)。故選B。5.A.receive B.accept C.afford D.teach【解析】選C。句意:當我起先上中學時,我們再也負擔不起上課的費用了。依據(jù)“Ipassedgradethree,thengradefive,practicingonlyonmypieceofpaper.”可知我們再也負擔不起上課的費用了。故選C。6.A.paid B.used C.chosen D.borrowed【解析】選D。句意:它是一個電子鍵盤,是用更多借來的錢買的。依據(jù)“Wewereinthefalloutoftherecession.”和“sheborrowedmoneyandboughtme10lessons”可知我們家的經(jīng)濟條件很不好,所以電子鍵盤也是用借來的錢買來的。故選D。7.A.easy B.difficultC.wonderful D.ugly【解析】選B。句意:選拔很難。依據(jù)“Ifeltoverwhelmed.”可知選拔很難。故選B。8.A.involved B.remindedC.collected D.kicked【解析】選A。句意:有些問題包括對作曲家的評價,或它是什么時候?qū)懙?。依?jù)“...anestimationofthecomposerorwhenitwaswritten.”可知這里意思是一些問題包括(involved)這些內(nèi)容。故選A。9.A.regret B.sorrowC.amazement D.sadness【解析】選C。句意:令我驚異的是,他們給了我一個名額。選拔很難,但是我卻獲得了一個名額,這令我很驚訝。故選C。10.A.raise B.give C.donate D.deliver【解析】選A。句意:我通過表演來籌集資金,攢夠了錢買了我的第一架鋼琴。依據(jù)“...andsavedenoughtobuymyfirstpiano.”可知我在籌集錢買鋼琴。故選A。11.A.lent B.rewardedC.awarded D.achieved【解析】選C。句意:離開普賽爾后,我被授予了高級鋼琴獎和高級學術音樂獎。依據(jù)“...theseniorpianoprizeandsenioracademicmusicprize.”可知我被授予了(awarded)這些獎項。故選C。12.A.relaxed B.excitedC.merciful D.proud【解析】選D。句意:我感到驕傲。依據(jù)“...andI’matoneoftheworld’s______musicschools.”可知我為自己感到傲慢。故選D。

13.A.conducting B.performingC.leading D.multiplying【解析】選C。句意:從我畫紙鋼琴起先,已經(jīng)有十年了,而我現(xiàn)在在一所世界頂尖的音樂學校里學習。依據(jù)“IamnowattheGuildhallSchoolinLondon.”可知我現(xiàn)在在一所世界頂尖的音樂學校里學習。故選C。14.A.physical B.mentalC.social D.practical【解析】選B。句意:就是我們所說的精神的(mental)練習。我在紙鋼琴上練習,這屬于精神的練習。故選B。15.A.enthusiasm B.self-respectC.confidence D.self-control【解析】選A。句意:紙鋼琴幫助激發(fā)了我對音樂創(chuàng)作以及樂曲構(gòu)成的熱忱。依據(jù)“...abouthowmusicworks,thebuildingblocksthatformthepieces.”并結(jié)合上文內(nèi)容,可知是紙鋼琴激發(fā)了我對音樂的熱忱(enthusiasm)。故選A。閱讀填句Theimportanceofself-improvementoftengoesunnoticed.Truthis—youcan’trunawayfromyourself.Theideashouldbetofocusoncontinuousself-developmentateverystageoflife.1.

Increaseself-awarenessThefirststepofself-improvementasksyoutobecomemoreself-aware.Self-awarenessisanongoingjourney.Aslifegoeson,youmeetwithdifferentexperiencesandchallenges.2.Tobeonthepathofself-improvement,it’simportanttoneverlosetouchwithyourself.

ImprovestrengthsSelf-improvementletsyouidentifyyourpersonalstrengths.3.Itgivesyouabetterunderstandingofwhatyouareseekingandwhereyouarelikelytothrive(旺盛興盛).Ithelpsyousetlifegoalsandmakethemhappen.