新高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型專練05 高頻語法之并列句、狀語從句、特殊結(jié)構(gòu)與語法填空(原卷版)

高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)題型專練（新高考）05高頻語法之并列句、狀語從句、特殊結(jié)構(gòu)與語法填空【技法總結(jié)】高頻考點(diǎn)一并列句與狀語從句【高考試題再現(xiàn)】語法填空1.(2018·全國卷Ⅱ)Cornuseslesswaterriceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.2.(2019·全國卷Ⅱ)IworknotbecauseIhaveto,becauseIwantto.3.(2019·全國卷Ⅲ)Onourwaytothehouse,itwasraininghardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.ItwasinthemiddleofPearlCity.答案：1.than2.but3.so【關(guān)鍵技法點(diǎn)撥】語法填空解題策略1.完整的句子中,如果兩個單詞或短語并列,要填并列連詞;2.若兩個句子(兩個主謂結(jié)構(gòu))之間沒有句號或分號,也沒有連詞,空格處必定填連詞;3.牢記特殊句式中連詞的運(yùn)用;4.全面掌握九大狀語從句的連接詞,熟悉它們的用法;5.準(zhǔn)確判斷主從句的邏輯關(guān)系,同時要注意區(qū)分易混詞?！局攸c(diǎn)知識提示】一、并列句并列句中使用的連詞是高考考查的重點(diǎn)，考生要熟練掌握常考并列連詞的用法。1．a(chǎn)nd表示順承以及并列關(guān)系，還可以用于固定句式：“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”。2．but表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，不能與although和though連用。3．so為表示因果關(guān)系的連詞，一般前一句子多為后面句子存在的原因，so后面的句子為結(jié)果，so不能和表示原因的從屬連詞because連用。4．or“或者”為表示選擇關(guān)系的連詞，or還可譯為“否則”，可用于句型：“祈使句＋or＋陳述句”。5．利用連詞詞組both...and...、neither...nor...、notonly...butalso...、either...or...、not...but...特殊搭配解題。6．when/while用作并列連詞when和while可做并列連詞。when表示“在那時，此時突然”；while表示“然而，而”，表對比或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。并列連詞when常用于以下句型中：...was/weredoing...when...……正在做……突然……...was/wereabouttodo...when...……剛要做……突然……...was/wereonthepointofdoing...when...……剛要做……突然……...hadjustdone...when...……剛/一……就……·Thechildrenwereplayingwhentheyheardthesoundofamotorbike.孩子們正在玩耍，這時他們聽見了摩托車的聲音?！eisstrongwhilehisbrotherisweak.他很強(qiáng)壯而他哥哥卻很虛弱。二、讓步狀語從句和時間狀語從句1.讓步狀語從句(1)although、though、while引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，不能與but連用，但可與yet或still連用。·Though/Although/Whileregularexerciseisveryimportant,it'sneveragoodideatoexercisetooclosetobedtime.盡管有規(guī)律的鍛煉很重要，但臨睡前鍛煉不是個好主意。(2)though與as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句置于句首時，從句可倒裝也可用正常語序；而as意為“盡管”時，引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即as引導(dǎo)的從句一般置于主句之前，從句中的形容詞、副詞、名詞或動詞原形置于句首。若是單數(shù)名詞前置時，要省略冠詞?！hildas/thoughhewas,hehelpedmealot.盡管他是個孩子，他卻幫了我很大的忙。(名詞)·Tryas/thoughhemight,hecouldnotopenthedoor.不管他怎樣努力，他還是不能打開那個門。(動詞)(3)“疑問詞＋－ever”引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，意為“無論……”?！oweverhardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.不管你多么努力，如果不減少飯量，減肥很難。(4)whether...or...引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，意為“不論……還是……”，提供兩種對比情況?！e'llgoonwiththework,whetherwecanfindthenecessarytoolsorwecannot.不管我們能否找到所需的工具，我們都要把這項(xiàng)工作做下去。2．時間狀語從句(1)when指的是“某一具體時間”，可與延續(xù)性或非延續(xù)性動詞連用，whenever“無論何時”；while“在……期間”，只與延續(xù)性動詞連用；as表“一邊……一邊……”，強(qiáng)調(diào)主從句動作同時發(fā)生。(2)before/since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的用法①before做連詞：Itwill/won'tbe＋一段時間＋before...意為“過了多少時間才/沒過多長時間就……”。before還可以做介詞，意為“在……以前”。②since引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時表示“自從……以來”，從句一般表示動作的起點(diǎn)，用一般過去時；主句表示動作的延續(xù)情況，一般用現(xiàn)在完成時或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時。常用句型：Itis/hasbeen＋一段時間＋since...。·Sincehegraduatedfromcollege,hehasworkedinthiscity.自從大學(xué)畢業(yè)以來，他一直在這座城市工作?！tisfiveyearssincehelivedhere.他在這兒住已有五年了。(3)till,until,not...until①延續(xù)性動詞(肯定式)＋until/till表示動作延續(xù)到某一時間為止?！ewalkedalongtheriveruntil/tillitwasdark.我們沿著河散步，一直到天黑。②非延續(xù)性動詞/延續(xù)性動詞(否定式)＋until/till表示“直到……才”?！edidn'tknowanythingaboutituntil/tillItoldhim.直到我告訴他，他才知道這件事。(4)其他用于引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的詞或短語①themoment、theminute、theinstant、thesecond、directly、immediately、instantly等名詞短語和副詞可用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句?！irectlyIreceivedhisletterIwenttoseehim.我一收到他的信就去看他了。②在hardly/scarcely...when...與nosooner...than...結(jié)構(gòu)中，主句用過去完成時，than或when所在的從句用一般過去時。③everytime、anytime、thefirsttime、bythetime、eachtime等名詞詞組也可引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句?！verytimeIexpressanopinion,shealwaysarguesback.每當(dāng)我發(fā)表意見時，她總是反駁。三、地點(diǎn)狀語從句和條件狀語從句1.地點(diǎn)狀語從句where與wherever可引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句?！oday,wewillbeginwherewestoppedyesterdaysothatnopointwillbeleftout.今天我們將從昨天停止的地方開始，因此就不會遺漏任何要點(diǎn)。2．條件狀語從句的常見引導(dǎo)詞：if、unless(＝if...not)、so/aslongas(只要)、onconditionthat(條件是)、onlyif(只有)、providedthat(如果)、incase(萬一，如果)、suppose/supposingthat(假設(shè)，如果)、assumingthat(假設(shè))等?！yparentsdon'tmindwhatjobIdoaslongasIamhappy.我的父母不在意我從事什么工作，只要我高興就好。3．在條件狀語從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來含義；現(xiàn)在完成時表即將完成之后的情況；一般過去時表過去將來的含義。四、其他狀語從句1.原因狀語從句原因狀語從句可由because、as、since、nowthat(inthat)等詞引導(dǎo)：(1)because譯為“因?yàn)椤?，表直接原因，語氣較強(qiáng)，能回答由why提出的問句?！heoldmanaskedLucytomovetoanotherchairbecausehewantedtositnexttohiswife.那位老人讓露西換坐到另一把椅子上，因?yàn)樗氚ぶ拮幼?2)as(由于)、since(既然)、nowthat/inthat(既然)，表雙方都知道的原因，語氣較弱。as、since和nowthat引導(dǎo)的從句多位于主句之前。·Nowthatyouhavedonethat,stopblamingyourself.既然你已經(jīng)做了，就不要自責(zé)了。2．目的狀語從句(1)inorderthat引導(dǎo)的從句可置于主句之前或之后，而sothat引導(dǎo)的從句通常置于主句之后。在從句中常與can、may、could、might等情態(tài)動詞連用。·Inorderthatwemightseethesunrise,westartedforthepeakearly.為了能看到日出，我們早早地出發(fā)去山頂。(2)forfearthat/incase這兩個連詞引導(dǎo)的目的狀語從句中的謂語常用“(should＋)動詞原形”?！ewrotethenamedownforfearthat/incasehe(should)forgetit.他把名字寫下來以免忘了。3．結(jié)果狀語從句引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句的連詞有：sothat、so...that、such...that。其結(jié)構(gòu)是：(1)so＋adj./adv.＋that從句so＋adj.＋a(n)＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that從句so＋many/much/little(少)/few＋名詞＋that從句(2)such＋a(n)＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋that從句such＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞＋that從句such＋alotof/lotsof＋名詞＋that從句(3)主句＋sothat從句·Itwassuchacolddaythattherewasnobodyinthestreet.＝Itwassocoldadaythattherewasnobodyinthestreet.＝Itwasacolddaysothattherewasnobodyinthestreet.天氣非常冷，街上一個人也沒有。4．方式狀語從句方式狀語從句用來表示主句謂語動作發(fā)生的方式，常由as(像……一樣)、asif/though(似乎，好像)等引導(dǎo)。(1)as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，前面?？捎胘ust加強(qiáng)語氣?！didjustastheteacherdid.我就像老師做的那樣做了。(2)asif/asthough引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句時，常用虛擬語氣?！hespokeEnglishsowellasifshehadbeentoAmerica.她英語說得非常好，就好像她去過美國似的。高頻考點(diǎn)二特殊結(jié)構(gòu)【高考試題再現(xiàn)】語法填空1.(2017·天津高考)ItwaswhenIgotbacktomyapartmentIfirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.2.(2018·天津高考)ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhousewesawLilyinthepassengerseat.答案：1.that2.that【關(guān)鍵技法點(diǎn)撥】語法填空解題策略建議今后注意一下強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。在未來考試中可能考查到。其考查點(diǎn)有:(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用于強(qiáng)調(diào)陳述句;(2)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用于強(qiáng)調(diào)一般疑問句;(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用于強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊疑問句;(4)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用于強(qiáng)調(diào)特殊疑問句用在賓語從句的語序;(5)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型用于強(qiáng)調(diào)not...until...句型?！局攸c(diǎn)知識提示】一、祈使句、感嘆句和省略句1.祈使句祈使句用來表達(dá)說話人的請求、命令、建議、勸告等。祈使句的主語一般為第二人稱(通常省略)，有時也可用everybody、someone、anybody等不定代詞。祈使句的4種形式：①動詞原形(＋賓語＋其他成分)；②Be＋表語，如Behonest.；③Let's/Letusdo/notdosth.；④祈使句＋and/or＋簡單句(簡單句謂語用一般將來時)。2．感嘆句(1)what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句What＋a/an＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋主語＋謂語！What＋adj.＋可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語！·Whatlovelychildrentheyare!他們是多么可愛的孩子??！(2)how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句How＋adj.＋a/an＋可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)＋主語＋謂語！How＋adj./adv.＋主語＋謂語！How＋主語＋謂語！·Howinterestingastoryitis！＝Whataninterestingstoryitis!這是多么有趣的一個故事??！3．省略句省略是高考經(jīng)常涉及的語法點(diǎn)，?？嫉膸追N省略情況如下：(1)狀語從句的省略：在when、while、if、asif、though、as、whether等連詞引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，如果謂語有be，而主語又跟主句的主語相同或是it，則從句的主語和be常常省略。(2)不定式中的省略：在一定的上下文中為了避免重復(fù)，可以省略不定式中和前面句子中相同的動詞(短語)，只保留不定式符號to，否定形式的省略用notto，但如果省略的不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中含有be、have(做助動詞用)，通常保留be或have。(3)if引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句的省略：當(dāng)if從句中有had、should、were時，可以省去if，同時把had、should、were置于句首。二、強(qiáng)調(diào)句強(qiáng)調(diào)句是高考考查的難點(diǎn)，在理解強(qiáng)調(diào)句時，學(xué)生要注意以下6點(diǎn)：1．被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人時，連接詞that/who都可以；非人時，用that；2．強(qiáng)調(diào)句的一般疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：Is/Was＋it＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分＋that/who＋其他部分？；3．強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特殊疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)：特殊疑問詞＋is/was＋it＋that＋其他部分？；·Whenwasitthathemadeuphismindtotakethiscourse?他是什么時候決定選修這門課程的？4．含not...until...的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis/wasnotuntil＋...＋that＋其他部分；5．把句子中的“Itis/was...that/who”去掉之后，句子依然成立，就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，否則就不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句；6．如果需要強(qiáng)調(diào)謂語，應(yīng)用助動詞do、does或did。Thefamilydidmanagetosendhimtoatechnicalschool.家里的確設(shè)法讓他上了技術(shù)學(xué)校。三、兩種形式的倒裝句1.部分倒裝(1)將含有否定意義的副詞或連詞置于句首時引起部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。這類詞(組)有：never、seldom、rarely、little、few、atnotime、bynomeans、nolonger、hardly/scarcely...when...、nosooner...than...、notonly...butalso...、notuntil、nowhere、neither...nor...等?！otuntilIlostmyjobdidIrealizeIshouldimprovemyworkingskills.直到我失業(yè)了，我才意識到我應(yīng)該提高我的工作技能。(2)“only＋狀語”置于句首時，主句要進(jìn)行部分倒裝。·Onlywhenyoucanfindpeaceinyourheartwillyoukeepgoodrelationshipswithothers.只有當(dāng)你能找到內(nèi)心的平靜，你才能和別人保持良好的關(guān)系。(3)so/such...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中的so、such連同它所修飾的成分共同位于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時，主句要用部分倒裝?！uchgreatprogressdidhemakethathewaspraised.他取得了如此大的進(jìn)步，以至于受到了表揚(yáng)。(4)表示前面所說的情況也適用于后者時，用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)“so/neither/nor＋助動詞/系動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語”(so表示肯定意義，neither/nor表示否定意義)?！sawthefilmTheGreatWalllastweek,sodidshe.我上周看了電影《長城》，她也看了。2．完全倒裝here、there、now、then、out、in、up、down、away、onthewall、intheroom等表示地點(diǎn)、時間或方位的副詞或介詞短語置于句首，且句子主語為名詞時，句子用全部倒裝。·ThePublicSquareisaneye－catchingsightofthecity.Therestandmanystonesculpturesoffamoushistoricalfigures.大眾廣場是這個城市引人注目的景點(diǎn)，許多歷史名人的石雕像矗立在那里?！緦ｎ}訓(xùn)練】1閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Whiledrivingalonethroughthecountryside,Lindasawanoldwomanbythesideoftheroad,reachingoutherhand.1.wasgettingdarkandraining.“Icantleaveheroutinthisweather,”Lindasaidtoherself,soshestoppedthecar.“ShallIofferyou2.lift?”Lindaasked.Theoldwomannoddedandclimbedintothecar.AfterawhileLindaasked,“Haveyouwaitedforlong?”Theoldwomanshookherhead.3.(strange)enough,theoldwomandidn’tsayasinglewordalltheway.Heronly4.(respond)wasalwaysanodoftheheadorsomethingelselikethat.ThenLindasawthelady’shands,5.wereverylargeandcoveredwiththickhair.Sherealized6.theladywasaman!After7.(stop)thecar,Lindasaid,“can’tseethatmirror.Wouldyoumindcleaningit8.me?”Theladynoddedandopenedthedoor.Assoonasthe“l(fā)ady”wasoutofthecar,Lindadroveoffquickly.WhenLindaarrivedhome,shefoundthattheoldlady9.(leave)ahandbagonthebackseat.Sheopeneditandletoutadeepbreath.Insideit10.twosharpknives.2閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Itwasthespringof1943duringWorldWarⅡ.Standingamonghundredsofnew11.(soldier）atCampGrant,Sam,just18yearsold,waitedasatruckslowlydroveby.12.fullfieldpackwasrandomlythrowntoeachsoldier.Samreceived13.(he)Afterheopenedthepackandlookedatthethingsinit,hewasgreatly14.（astonish）.Hefoundhislastname,Litrenti,wasmarkedoneachthinginhispack."Howstrange!"Samthought.Hedidn'tthinktheone15.threwthefieldpacktohimknewwhohewas.SowhywasSam’slastnamemarkedonthethings?Youmaynotbelieveit,butitwasthefieldpackthathisfather16.（use）duringWorldWarI.Sam17.（certain）didn’tknowthatwhenhereceivedit.Itwasn'tuntilafterthewar18.hefoundoutwhy.Afterthewar,hetalked19.thatwithhisfather.After20..（talk）forawhile,Sam'sfatherbecamesurethatthepackoncebelongedtohim.Boththefatherandthesoncouldn'tbelievethat!Whatacoincidence!3閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Alotoffilmshavetriedtodescribeourmemoriesoffamilymemberswhohavepassedaway.Butfewhavedoneas21.(remark)asCoco,Disney-Pixar’slatestanimation,22.hitthebigscreenonNov.24andwontheOscarin2018.23.(inspire)bytheMexicanholidayofDayoftheDead,thefilm’sproductionteamcreatedayoungboy,Miguel,whowantshisfamilytounderstandhisloveofmusic.AnaccidenttakeshimtotheLandoftheDead.Whilethere,Miguelhas24.unforgettableandadventurousnight.It’sinthismagicalworld25.Miguelgetstomeetanddiscoverthetruthabouthisgreat-great-grandpa.Toprotecthimfrom26.(disappear),Miguelhastobringhisphotobacktothelivingworldassoonaspossible.Whiletoldwithawildimagination,thestory27.(convey)aclearandwarmmessage.“Inanerawhenyoungpeoplearesoeasilyattractedby28.(celebrity),Cocorevealstheemptinessofsuchadulation(諂媚),teachingkids29.(preserve)andrespectthememoryoftheirelderswhileremindingthemthatthesourceoftruecreativityissooften30.(person),”wrotereporterPeterDebrugeonVariety.4閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheHongKong-zhuhai-macaoBridgeopenedtothepublicon23rdOctober2018.Itistheworld's31.(long）cross-seabridge.It32.（connect）HongKongandMacaotothemainlandChinesecityofZhuhai.Thebridgeis55kilometreslongandisexpectedtobeinuseforaboutonehundred33.（year）.ThebuildingofthebridgebeganinDecember2009andittooknineyears34.(complete）.About50,000workers,engineersanddesignersfromtheChinesemainlandandHongKongandMacaoplayed35.partinthebuildingofthebridge.TheY-shapedbridge,36.（start）fromLantauIslandinHongKongandbranching（分岔）outtoZhuhaiandMacao,cutsthetraveltimebetweenHongKongandZhuhaitothirtyminutes.“ItusedtotakemorethanfourhourstogotoZhuhaionwheels,37.nowitisjusthalfanhour'sdriveonthebridge"saidadriverwho38..（travel）betweenHongKongandGuangdongforyears.AsajointprojectbetweenHongKong,MacaoandGuangdong,thebridge39.(consider）tobeanengineeringwonder.Thebridgeserves40.abondbetweenHongKong,MacaoandsomeGuangdongcities.Itisa"symboloftheGreaterBayArea,"saidaHongKongofficial.5閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Whatdoesabeautifulpersonlooklike?Well,itdependsonwhomyouaskand41.theyarefrom.Muchlikethewaypeoplewithstraighthairwant42.(curl)hairorthosewithpaleskinlieinthesuntryingtogetasuntan(曬黑),peopleoftenfindthemselvesmoreattractivewhen43.(visit)anothercountry.RecentlyapostwentpopularontheUSquestionwebsiteQuora.Itasked,“Haveyoueverbeenconsideredmoreattractiveinacountry44.thanyourown?”Manyrepliesmade45.clearjusthowmuchmoreattractivetheywereconsideredinothercountry,andwhy.LolytafromIndonesiawrote,“Inmyhomecountry,Iamnotconsideredbeautiful,46.whenIwenttoEuropeIgotalotofattention.”PoojaGautamfromNepalsharedasimilarexperience.Womenwithlighterskinalwaysgotmoreattentionthanshe47.inhercountry.ButinPoland,shehasgotten48.(usual)highlevelsofattentionfromlocals.“Tanningsalons(曬黑沙龍)areabigthinginPolishcities,”shewrote.“SomePolishpeoplefindithardtobelieve49.ItellthemthatmanyNepalesepeoplecarry50.(umbrella)onhot,sunnydaystostoptheirskinfromturningdarker.”6閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。MyfriendhadachancetomakeatriptoHongKong51.August15,2015.Hehaddreamedabout52.(visit)itsincehisboyhoodanditwasthefirsttimethathe53.(be)there.Thefollowingwas54.hehadseen.55.(arrive)there,hewas56.(shock)byitsbeautifulsceneryandtallbuildings.57.weallknow,HongKonghasthemostskyscrapersintheworld.Whereverhewent,hesawmanysmilingfaces.PeopleinHongKongwerekind,generous,easygoingandreadytohelpothers.Muchtohissurprise,hesawthatpeopletherealwayskeptorderinpublicplaces.58.agreatnumberofpeoplewerewaitingforthenexttrainatthesubwaystation,theyweretalkinginsuchalowvoiceasnottodisturbothers.ChineseandEnglisharetheofficiallanguagesofHongKong.Englishis59.(wide)usedingovernments,markets,servicecentersandotherfields.Stayingthereforaweekwasagoodexperienceforhim,60.hewouldneverforget.7閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。We’veallturnedtosadmusictomakeusfeel61.(good)atsomepointinourlives,butwhydoesdoublingdownonthesadnesshelpdragusoutofthemire(泥沼)？Anewstudyshedslightonwhat’sgoingoninsideourbrains62.wematchourmusictoourfeelings.Itlookslikesadmusiccanbeenjoyable-ratherthan63.(simple)depressing-becauseittriggerspositivememoriesthatcanhelptoliftourmood.PsychologistAdrianNorthfromCurtinUniversityinAustraliasaysthere64.(be)twogroupsofpossible65.(explain)forwhyweenjoylisteningtosadmusiclikethis:onefromsocialpsychology,andonefromcognitiveneuroscience(認(rèn)知神經(jīng)學(xué)).Intermsofsocialpsychology,onewayof66.(think)aboutthisisthatwefeelmuchbetterabout67.(we)ifwefocusonsomeonewho’sdoingevenworse,ap