考向17過(guò)去完成時(shí)（講練結(jié)合）（重點(diǎn)）（原卷版）-2022年中考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)微專題

考向17過(guò)去完成時(shí)Theyoungmansittingnexttomeontheplanewasverynervous.He_______before.A．doesn’tfly B．didn’tfly C．hasn’tflown D．hadn’tflown命題趨勢(shì)：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)是中考出現(xiàn)頻率較高的語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目之一。考題多以具體的語(yǔ)境為主，體現(xiàn)了對(duì)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)、語(yǔ)境理解、語(yǔ)言交際能力的綜合考查。過(guò)去完成時(shí)不是考頻較高的一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)，但是是難度較大的一個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)。中考考查重點(diǎn)：過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法和構(gòu)成過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法1.表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或動(dòng)作以前完成了的動(dòng)作，即＂過(guò)去的過(guò)去＂。通常與by，before連用。Wehadlearned5,000wordsbytheendoflastmonth.到上個(gè)月底，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了5，000個(gè)單詞。2.表示由過(guò)去的某一時(shí)刻開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和for,since構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。I

had

been

at

the

bus

stop

for

20

minutes

when

a

bus

finally

came.

當(dāng)公共汽車來(lái)的時(shí)候，我在車站已等了20分鐘。3.過(guò)去完成時(shí)需要與一個(gè)表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，它不能離開(kāi)過(guò)去時(shí)間而獨(dú)立存在此時(shí)多與already,yet,still,just,before,never等時(shí)間副詞及by,before,until等引導(dǎo)的短語(yǔ)或從句連用。BeforeshecametoChina,GracehadtaughtEnglishinamiddleschoolforaboutfiveyears.Peterhadcollectedmorethan300Chinesestampsbythetimehewasten.4.過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過(guò)去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到這一過(guò)去時(shí)間，而且動(dòng)作尚未結(jié)束，仍然有繼續(xù)下去的可能。Bytheendoflastyear,hehadworkedinthefactoryfortwentyyears.（hadworked已有了20年，還有繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去的可能）由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)判定一般說(shuō)來(lái)，各種時(shí)態(tài)都有特定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。與過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：1.by+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo’clocklastnight.2.bytheendof+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。WehadlearnedovertwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.3.before+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。TheyhadplantedsixhundredtreesbeforelastWednesday.過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別雖然這兩種時(shí)態(tài)都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，但在使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)不同：過(guò)去完成時(shí)在時(shí)間上強(qiáng)調(diào)＂過(guò)去的過(guò)去＂；而一般過(guò)去時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某一特定的時(shí)間。試比較：Theyhadarrivedatthestationbytenyesterday.Theyarrivedatthestationattenyesterday.2.在沒(méi)有明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作標(biāo)志時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間先后須依據(jù)上下文來(lái)判斷：先發(fā)生的用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，后發(fā)生的則用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：Shewasveryhappy.Herwholefamilywerepleasedwithher,too.Shehadjustwonthefirstinthepositionpetition.3.當(dāng)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上接連發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用and或but連接時(shí)，按時(shí)間順序，只需用一般過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)代替過(guò)去完成時(shí)；另外，在before,after,assoonas引導(dǎo)的從句中，由于這些連詞本身已經(jīng)表示出時(shí)間的先后，因此也可以用過(guò)去時(shí)來(lái)代替過(guò)去完成時(shí)。如：Heenteredtheroom,turnedonthelightandreadaneveningpaper.I(had)calledherbeforeIlefttheoffice.過(guò)去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但側(cè)重對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或造成的影響，與現(xiàn)在有關(guān)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為＂助動(dòng)詞have(has)+過(guò)去分詞＂；過(guò)去完成時(shí)則是一個(gè)相對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)，它所表示的動(dòng)作不僅發(fā)生在過(guò)去，更強(qiáng)調(diào)＂過(guò)去的過(guò)去＂，只有和過(guò)去某時(shí)或某動(dòng)作相比較時(shí)，才用到它。試比較：Ihavelearned1000Englishwordssofar.到目前為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了1000個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞。Ihadlearned1000Englishwordstillthen.到那時(shí)為止我已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了1000個(gè)英語(yǔ)單詞?！狪’msorrytokeepyouwaiting.對(duì)不起，讓你久等了?！狾h,notatall.Ihavebeenhereonlyafewminutes.沒(méi)什么，我只等了幾分鐘。（＂等＂的動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在）—Johnreturnedhomeyesterday.約翰昨天回到家的?！猈herehadhebeen?他去哪兒了？（答語(yǔ)中使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)是指約翰在returnedhome之前去了哪些地方，即＂過(guò)去的過(guò)去＂）過(guò)去完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成had+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞1．The________lookonhisfacesuggestedthathe________that.A．surprising;hadn’texpected B．surprised;hadn’texpectedC．surprising;wouldexpect D．surprised;shouldn’texpect2．Thestudents________busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshe________intheoffice.A．hadwriten;left B．werewriting;hasleft C．hadwritten;hadleft D．werewriting;hadleft3．Thepolicefoundthatthehouse________andalotofthings________.A．hasbrokeninto;hasbeenstolen B．hadbrokeninto;hadbeenstolenC．hasbeenbrokeninto;stolen D．hadbeenbrokeninto;stolen4．WhenIgottothecinema,thefilm________fortenminutes.A．hasbegun B．hadbegun C．hadbeenon D．was5．Thenewsuspensionbridge________bytheendoflastmonth.A．hasbeendesigned B．hadbeendesigned C．wasdesigned D．wouldbedesigned6．They________printing500copiesbytheendoflastmonth.A．hadfinished B．havefinished C．hadbeenfinished D．havebeenfinished7．Bythetimewegottothestation,David________fortenminutes.A．hasleft B．hadleft C．hasbeenaway D．hadbeenaway8．Mrs.Brown________herkeysintheoffice,soshehadtowaituntilherhusband________home.A．hasleft;es B．hadleft;came C．hadbeenaway;came D．hasbeenaway;es9．WangYingisgoodatEnglish.She________nearlytwothousandEnglishwordsbylastmonth.A．learns B．learned C．haslearned D．hadlearned10．—Howlong________themovie________whenthestudentsgotthere?—About10minutes.A．has;begun B．had;begunC．had;beenon D．has;beenon11．ImetLiLeiinthestreetyesterday.We________eachothersincewelefthighschool.A．haven’tseen B．hadn’tseenC．didn’tsee D．weren’tseeing12．Bytheendoflastterm,theschoolvolleyballteam________threeprizesforourschool.A．havewon B．hadwon C．win13．Whatagoodtimetheyhad________inthepartysinginganddancing!A．taken B．spent C．spending D．taking14．Billhadworkedeffectivelylastnight.By9o’clock,he________alltheemailsonhisputer.A．willcheck B．hadchecked C．havechecked D．checked15．Bytheendofthelastyear,there________fivenewsubwaylinesrunninginChengduincludingtheselfdrivingLine9.A．hadbeen B．were C．havebeen16．BytheendoflastDecember,littleArthur_______over400Englishwords.A．willlearn B．haslearned C．islearning D．hadlearned17．Bytheendoflastmonth,they________theworkonthenewhospitalalready.A．finish B．willfinish C．hasfinished D．hadfinished18．BytheendoflastMarch,We________fiftytreesintheschoolyard.A．plant B．wereplanting C．hadplanted D．willplant19．BythetimeIlockedthedoor,IrealizedI________mykeysathome.A．hadleft B．haveleft C．hasleft20．Beforethetyphoonarrived,around1.8millionpeople________tosafety.A．moves