湖南省益陽市2023-2024學年高一上學期期末考試英語試題 含解析

益陽市2023年下學期普通高中期末質(zhì)量檢測高一英語（試題卷）（時長:120分鐘滿分:150分）注意事項:1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試題卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C.1.What’sthewoman’sfavouriteinstrument?A.Piano.B.Violin.C.Guitar.2.Wheredidtheconversationtakeplace?A.InaKFCstore.B.Onthephone.C.Onthestreet.3.Whenwillthespeakersseethemovie?A.ThisThursday.B.NextMonday.C.ThisSaturday.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Apieceofnews.B.Afamoushotel.C.Awell-knownnewspaper.5.Howdoesthegirlfindherseniorhighschoollife?A.Enjoyable.B.Tiring.C.Boring.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.WhatdoesPeterplantobuytomorrow?A.Jackets.B.Trousers.C.Awallet.7.WhydoesPeter’smotherwanttochangetheskirt?A.Itdoesn’tfither.B.Itisoutoffashion.C.Shedoesn’tlikethecolor.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hegetsastomachache.B.Hehasatoothache.C.Hegetsacold.9.Whatshouldthemandoaccordingtothewoman’swords?A.Eathealthily.B.Exerciseinthegym.C.Stayindoors.10.Whatisthewomanaccordingtotheconversation?A.Ateacher.B.Adoctor.C.Astudent.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.What’sthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Friends.B.Acouple.C.Workmates.12.WhydoesDavidusuallycometoChina?A.Totakeatrip.B.Todobusiness.C.Tomeetfriends.13.WhatdoesMariarecommendtheBrazilianrestaurantfor?A.Goodservice.B.Niceenvironment.C.Deliciousfood.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Howdidthewomanthinkofheradventurevacation?A.Dangerous.B.Great.C.Terrible.15.Whatdidthewomandoduringthetrip?ADiving.B.Rockclimbing.C.Bungeejumping.16.Whatseaanimalsdidthewomanmeet?A.Awhale.B.Ashark.C.Adolphin.17.Whatwasthemostexcitingpartoftheadventuretriptothewoman?A.Divingwithdolphins.B.Exploringsomeoldcaves.C.Enjoyingsunshineonthebeach.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.HowoldisAlvinnow?A.12.B.14.C.16.19.WheredoesAlvin’smotherwork?A.Inaschool.B.Inacompany.C.Inastudio.20.WhatdoweknowaboutAlvin?A.HeprefersChinesemovies.B.Heistooshytotalktostrangers.C.Hewouldliketomakefriends.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAtrans-Canadatraintripisanadventurethatwillstaywithyouforaverylongtime.Herearesomemust-seeplacestovisitalongtheway:VancouverThere’sareasonwhyVancouverneverfailstoimpress.Itisreallystunning,withplentyofgreenopenspaces,mountainsandoceanviews.Plus,thiswestcoastcityalsohasadiverselivemusicandartscene,world-classmuseumsandplentyoflocallyownedcoffeehousesandcreativerestaurants.JasperJasperNationalParkistwicethesizeofBanffNationalParkyetdrawsonlyaroundhalfthevisitors,whichmeansyou’llencounterfewercrowdsonthestunninghikingpathsthroughvalleys,mountainpassesandgrasslands.Keepaneyeoutforelk,bighornsheepandotherwildlocalresidents.QuébecCityConsideredthecrownjewelofFrenchCanada,QuebecCityisoneofNorthAmerica’soldestandmostremarkablesettlements.TheOldTownislikealivingmuseumofnarrowcobblestonestreets,17thand18thcenturyhousesandchurches.There’smorethanaglimmerofoldEuropeinitsclassicpubs,sidewalkcafesandtidysquare.MontrealMontrealiswhereallthefunhappens.Thecitylivesforthearts,withmorethan90festivalsthroughouttheyearandanimpressivecollectionofmuseums,galleriesandperformancespaces.Addinarchitecturethatwillmakeyouthinkyou’reinEuropeandoneofthemostdiversefoodscenesinNorthAmerica,andyouwillhavearecipeforagoodtime.1.Ifyouareinterestedinwildlife,whichplacewillattractyou?A.Vancouver. B.Jasper. C.QuébecCity. D.Montreal.2.WhatcanyoudoinQuébecCity?A.Visitamuseumofcobblestones. B.Attendvariousfestivals.C.EnjoyadrinkinaEuropean-stylepub. D.Walkacrossthevastgrassland.3.WhatdoVancouverandMontrealhaveincommon?A.Attractivemuseums. B.Largequantitiesofwildlife.C.Asmallcrowdofvisitors. D.Over90festivalseveryyear.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了加拿大四個旅游目的地的情況?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Keepaneyeoutforelk,bighornsheepandotherwildlocalresidents.(留意麋鹿、大角羊和其他當?shù)匾吧鷦游?”可知，如果你對野生動物感興趣，Jasper會吸引你。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“There’smorethanaglimmerofoldEuropeinitsclassicpubs,sidewalkcafesandtidysquare.(在它的經(jīng)典酒吧、路邊咖啡館和整潔的廣場上，不僅有一絲古老的歐洲氣息)”可知，在QuébecCity你可以在歐式酒吧喝一杯。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Plus,thiswestcoastcityalsohasadiverselivemusicandartscene,world-classmuseumsandplentyoflocallyownedcoffeehousesandcreativerestaurants.(此外，這座西海岸城市還擁有多樣化的現(xiàn)場音樂和藝術(shù)場景，世界級的博物館和大量當?shù)負碛械目Х瑞^和創(chuàng)意餐廳)”以及最后一段“Thecitylivesforthearts,withmorethan90festivalsthroughouttheyearandanimpressivecollectionofmuseums,galleriesandperformancespaces.(這座城市為藝術(shù)而生，全年有90多個節(jié)日，還有令人印象深刻的博物館、畫廊和表演空間)”可知，溫哥華和蒙特利爾的共同之處是都有吸引人的博物館。故選A。BA25-year-oldyoungmanfromGuineabikedacrossAfrica,reachedCairoonSeptember5andreceivedafullscholarshiptoAl-AzharUniversity,oneoftheworld’soldestandmostrespectedSunniMuslimlearningcenters.MamadouSafaiouBarrylivesintheWestAfricannationofGuinea.HewantedtostudyIslamictheology(伊斯蘭教神學)atatopschoolinCairo,Egypt.Withoutmoneytopayfortransport,BarrydrewamapofAfricaandheadedoutonausedbicycleforthetripacrossthecontinent,carryingonlyachangeofclothes,aflashlightandasmalltool.Barryrodeabout100kilometerseachday.HerodethroughMali,BurkinaFaso,Togo,BeninandNiger.HehadtostopinN’Djamena,theChadiancapital,becauseoftheongoingConflictinSudan.Hesaidhehadalreadybeendetainedthreetimes-twiceinBurkinaFasoandonceinTogo.There,securityforcesheldhimforninedayswithoutchargebeforereleasinghimfor$56.Thatwasallofhismoneyfortherestofthetrip,hesaid.ThousandsofWestAfricanslikeBarrytakeriskyjourneysacrosstheSaharadeserteachyearsearchingforabetterlife.Butmanynevermakeit.Nearly500peoplediedordisappearedonWestAfricanmigrationrouteslastyear,datafromtheInternationalOrganizationforMigrationshows.Barrythoughttheriskwasworthit.“Ifyouhaveadream,staywithitandbestrong.”hesaid,“Godwillhelpyou.”Barry’sluckchangedagaininChad.There,alocalphilanthropist(慈善家),whohadreadabouthistriponline,offeredtoflyhimdirectlytoEgyptandavoidthefightinginSudan.Afterfourmonthsandtravellingthrough7countries,heisinCaironowandhasreceivedafullscholarshiptoAl-Azhar.BarryintendstoreturntoGuineawhenhisstudiesarecomplete,tospreadthefaiththathastakenhimsofar.“WhenIreturntomycountry,IwouldliketobesomeonewhoteachesIslamandtellspeoplehowtodogoodthings,”hesaid.4.WhydidBarrystartthejourneyacrossAfrica?A.Tosearchforabetterlife.B.Toexploredifferentlandscapes.C.Toescapetheconflictinhishomecountry.D.TorealizehisdreamofstudyingIslamictheologyinCairo.5.WhatdoesParagraph4functionas?A.Backgroundinformation. B.Detaileddescription.C.Typicalexamples. D.Dataanalysis.6WhichwordcanbestdescribeBarry?A.Skilled. B.Gifted. C.Humorous. D.Determined.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.IslamSpreadinginAfricaB.AfricanPhilanthropistSupportingaYoungManC.GuineanStudentCyclingacrossAfricaforHisDreamD.AfricanYoungManSurvivingacrosstheSaharaDesert【答案】4.D5.A6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了25歲的MamadouSafaiouBarry為了學習伊斯蘭神學，騎自行車穿越非洲。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“HewantedtostudyIslamictheology(伊斯蘭教神學)atatopschoolinCairo,Egypt.Withoutmoneytopayfortransport,BarrydrewamapofAfricaandheadedoutonausedbicycleforthetripacrossthecontinent,carryingonlyachangeofclothes,aflashlightandasmalltool.(他想在埃及開羅的一所頂尖學校學習伊斯蘭神學。巴里沒有錢支付交通費，他畫了一幅非洲地圖，騎著一輛舊自行車出發(fā)，只帶了一套換洗的衣服、一個手電筒和一個小工具，開始了穿越非洲大陸的旅行)”可知，巴里開始穿越非洲的旅程是為了實現(xiàn)他在開羅學習伊斯蘭神學的夢想。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“ThousandsofWestAfricanslikeBarrytakeriskyjourneysacrosstheSaharadeserteachyear,searchingforabetterlife.Butmanynevermakeit.Nearly500peoplediedordisappearedonWestAfricanmigrationrouteslastyear,datafromtheInternationalOrganizationforMigrationshows.(每年都有成千上萬像巴里一樣的西非人冒險穿越撒哈拉沙漠，尋找更好的生活。但很多人都沒能成功。國際移民組織的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，去年有近500人在西非移民路線上死亡或失蹤)”可知，第四段的作用是背景信息。故選A。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Barrythoughttheriskwasworthit.“Ifyouhaveadream,staywithitandbestrong.”hesaid,“Godwillhelpyou.”(巴里覺得冒這個險是值得的?！叭绻阌袎粝耄瑘猿窒氯?，要堅強。他說，“上帝會幫助你的?！?”可知，巴里是個堅定的人。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“A25-year-oldyoungmanfromGuineabikedacrossAfrica,reachedCairoonSeptember5andreceivedafullscholarshiptoAl-AzharUniversity,oneoftheworld’soldestandmostrespectedSunniMuslimlearningcenters.(一名來自幾內(nèi)亞的25歲年輕人騎自行車穿越非洲，于9月5日抵達開羅，并獲得了愛資哈爾大學的全額獎學金。愛資哈爾大學是世界上最古老、最受尊敬的遜尼派穆斯林學習中心之一)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了25歲的MamadouSafaiouBarry為了學習伊斯蘭神學，騎自行車穿越非洲?？芍珻選項“一名幾內(nèi)亞學生為了夢想騎自行車穿越非洲”最符合文章標題。故選C。CAstudyhasfoundthatafifthofteenagersconsumeenergydrinksundertheimpressionthattheyaregoodforhealth.Thenewresearchquestionedalmost4,000highschoolstudentsabouttheenergydrinksandfoundthatboysweremuchmorelikelytodrinkthem.Australiarequirescompaniestolabeltheirdrinksas“notsuitableforchildren”,yetthefindingspublishedinajournalshowedmanyteensstillbelievedthedrinkswerebeneficial.Theenergydrinkmarketisexpectedtogrowtoa$72billionby2024andreach$108.4billionby2031.Separatemarketanalysisshowedteenswhodrinkenergydrinksweremorelikelytoshowanti-socialbehaviour,includingsmoking,alcoholconsumptionandotherthings.Energydrinkconsumptionwasalsofoundconnectedwithheadaches,stomachachesandespeciallyinsomnia,whichiscommonamongteensandmakesthemextremelysleepyandunabletoconcentrateontheirstudy.One16-year-oldgirlsaidshedidnotmakeahabitofdrinkingtheenergydrinks,butsometimesboughtoneafterschool.“Iknowthey’renotgreatforyou,butsometimesIgettotheendofaschooldayandIamjustverytired,”shesaid,“Yougetupataround7a.m.,sitthroughawholeschooldayandthengohome,onlytostudythroughto11p.m.—ifyoudon’thaveextra-curricularactivities.It’snotsomethingIrecommend,buttheytastegoodandsometimesIfeellikeI’dbenefitfromcaffeine.”Duetothefactthatteenagersincorrectlybelievedenergydrinkswerebeneficialfortheirhealth,theresearcherssuggesteditwasnecessarytoeducatestudentsonthehealthrisks.8.Whatdomanyteenagersthinkaboutenergydrinks?A.Harmful. B.Healthy. C.Expensive. D.Unnecessary.9.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Thepopularityofenergydrinks. B.Themarketvalueofenergydrinks.C.Thebadeffectsofenergydrinks. D.Theproductionofenergydrinks.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“insomnia”inparagraph5probablymean?A.Sleeplessness. B.Loneliness. C.Carelessness. D.Forgetfulness.11.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.The16-year-oldgirlisaddictedtoenergydrinks.B.Boysaremorelikelytodrinkenergydrinksthangirls.C.About4,000teenagersconsumeenergydrinkseveryday.D.Teenagerslackenougheducationabouttherisksofenergydrinks.【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了研究發(fā)現(xiàn)五分之一的青少年在飲用能量飲料時認為它們有益健康，但是能量飲料存在不良影響，青少年對能量飲料的危害缺乏足夠的教育?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Astudyhasfoundthatafifthofteenagersconsumeenergydrinksundertheimpressionthattheyaregoodforhealth.(一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，五分之一的青少年在飲用能量飲料時認為它們有益健康)”可知，許多青少年認為功能飲料健康。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Separatemarketanalysisshowedteenswhodrinkenergydrinksweremorelikelytoshowanti-socialbehaviour,includingsmoking,alcoholconsumptionandotherthings.(另一項市場分析顯示，飲用能量飲料的青少年更有可能出現(xiàn)反社會行為，包括吸煙、飲酒和其他行為。)”以及本段其他內(nèi)容可知，第5段的主要內(nèi)容是能量飲料的不良影響。故選C?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Energydrinkconsumptionwasalsofoundconnectedwithheadaches,stomachachesandespecially”以及后文“whichiscommonamongteensandmakesthemextremelysleepyandunabletoconcentrateontheirstudy”可知，上文提到了飲用能量飲料會導(dǎo)致頭痛、胃痛等身體上的不適，由此可推知insomnia也屬于身體上的不適，結(jié)合后文insomnia會讓他們極度困倦，無法集中精力學習，可推測insomnia意思是“失眠”。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Duetothefactthatteenagersincorrectlybelievedenergydrinkswerebeneficialfortheirhealth,theresearcherssuggesteditwasnecessarytoeducatestudentsonthehealthrisks.(由于青少年錯誤地認為能量飲料對他們的健康有益，研究人員建議有必要對學生進行健康風險教育)”可推知，青少年對能量飲料的危害缺乏足夠的教育。故選D。DPetownerslovetheirdogsmorethantheircats.Althoughpreviousstudieshavealreadysuggestedthisfinding,scientistsfromtheUniversityofCopenhagenwantedtoresearchmoredeeplyintowhetherculturalfactorsaffectedtheresults.TheirfindingsarepublishedinthejournalFrontiersinVeterinaryScience.InthesurveyacrossDenmark,AustriaandtheUnitedKingdom,844dogowners,872catownersand401peoplewhoownedbothdogsandcatswereaskedquestionsabouttheirpets.Overall,theparticipantshadhigherattachmentscoresfordogsthanforcats.Ownersweremorelikelytoinsure(給……投保)theirdogsandpaidmoretodogs’treatment.However,theresultsdiffereddramaticallyacrosscountries.Forexample,theUnitedKingdom’sresultswereinfavorofdogs,althoughonlyslightly.Australiahadaveryclearpreferencefordogs.EmotionalattachmenttodogswashighestinDenmark.TheDaneswerealsolesslikelytobuyinsurancefortheircats,comparedwiththeirdogs.“Whilepeoplecaremoreabouttheirdogsthantheircatsinthesecountries,thedegreeofdifferencevariedbetweencountries,”ProfessorPeterSandoeoftheUniversityofCopenhagen,thestudy’sfirstauthor,saidinapressrelease.“Itdoesn’tthereforeseemtobeauniversalphenomenon(現(xiàn)象)thatpeoplecaremuchlessabouttheircatsthantheirdogs.”Thedifferencebetweencountriesmaybeduetoculturaldifferencesandattitudestowardpets,thestudysuggested.Thismaybetheresultofthecountry’shistorywithruralanimalsandhowoftentheyinteractedwithpeople.Thesefactorsmayhaveinfluencedsocietalattitudestowardpetsinmoderntimes.“OurstudyonlylooksatthreecountriesinEurope,”professorClarePalmerofTexasA&MUniversity,aco-authorofthepaper,saidinthepressrelease.“Itraisesinterestingquestionsregardingwhatcomparativestudiesofothercountriesmightfind,”shewenton.“Perhapstherearecountrieswherethelevelofcareforandattachmenttocatsis,infact,higherthandogs?”12.What’sthewriter’smainpurposeofwritingparagraph1?A.Tostateawidelyacknowledgedfact.B.Toanalyzethecauseofaphenomenon.C.Tointroducethetopicofanewstudy.D.Tocomparetwodifferentstudies.13.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheirstudy?A.Byaskingquestions.B.Bydoinganexperiment.C.Bycollectingdataonline.D.Bykeepingtrackofpetowners’dailylife.14.WhatcanweinferfromSandoe’swords?A.Notallthepeopleintheworldpreferdogstocats.B.Peopleinthethreesurveyedcountriespreferdogstocats.C.Thelevelsofcareforcatsarethesameasdogsintheworld.D.Peopleintheworldcarelessabouttheircatsthantheirdogs.15.What

can

we

know

from

the

passage?A.Petownerslovetheirdogsmorethantheircats.B.Culturemayinfluencepeople’spreferencetodogs.C.Petownersshouldcareabouttheircatsasmuchastheirdogs.D.PeopleholddifferentattitudestowardpetsinthreeEuropeancountries.【答案】12.C13.A14.A15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項關(guān)于寵物主人更愛狗還是更愛貓的研究，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在丹麥、奧地利和英國，寵物主人更愛狗，但不同國家之間存在差異，這可能是由于文化差異和對寵物的態(tài)度造成的。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Petownerslovetheirdogsmorethantheircats.Althoughpreviousstudieshavealreadysuggestedthisfinding,scientistsfromtheUniversityofCopenhagenwantedtoresearchmoredeeplyintowhetherculturalfactorsaffectedtheresults.(寵物主人愛狗勝過愛貓。雖然之前的研究已經(jīng)提出了這一發(fā)現(xiàn)，但哥本哈根大學的科學家們想要更深入地研究文化因素是否會影響結(jié)果。)”可知，之前的研究已經(jīng)表明寵物主人更愛狗，但來自哥本哈根大學的科學家們想更深入地研究文化因素是否會影響結(jié)果。結(jié)合下文對此進行的研究可推斷出，作者寫第一段的目的是介紹一項新研究的主題。故選C?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“InthesurveyacrossDenmark,AustriaandtheUnitedKingdom,844dogowners,872catownersand401peoplewhoownedbothdogsandcatswereaskedquestionsabouttheirpets.(在丹麥、奧地利和英國開展的這項調(diào)查中，844名狗主人、872名貓主人和401名既養(yǎng)狗又養(yǎng)貓的人被問及有關(guān)他們寵物的問題。)”可知，研究人員通過詢問問題來進行他們的研究。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段““Whilepeoplecaremoreabouttheirdogsthantheircatsinthesecountries,thedegreeofdifferencevariedbetweencountries,”ProfessorPeterSandoeoftheUniversityofCopenhagen,thestudy’sfirstauthor,saidinapressrelease.“Itdoesn’tthereforeseemtobeauniversalphenomenon(現(xiàn)象)thatpeoplecaremuchlessabouttheircatsthantheirdogs.”(該研究的第一作者、哥本哈根大學的彼得·桑多教授在一份新聞稿中說：“雖然這些國家的人們更關(guān)心他們的狗而不是貓，但不同國家之間的差異程度各不相同。”“因此，人們對貓的關(guān)心遠不如對狗的關(guān)心，這似乎并不是一個普遍現(xiàn)象?！?”可知，并不是世界上所有的人都更喜歡狗而不是貓。故選A?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thedifferencebetweencountriesmaybeduetoculturaldifferencesandattitudestowardpets,thestudysuggested.(研究表明，國家之間的差異可能是由于文化差異和對待寵物的態(tài)度。)”可知，文化可能會影響人們對狗的偏愛。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoprotecteyesandpreserveyourvisionWewatchoutsaltandfatintaketoprotectourhearts.Weexerciseandtakecalciumtoprotectourbones.Butwhatcanwedotoprotectoureyes?____16____Takeabreakfromscreens.TheAAO(美國眼科協(xié)會)saysthere’snoscientificevidencethatthelightfromelectronicscreensdamageseyes.____17____Onereasonforeyetirednessduringscreenuseisthatpeopletendtoblinklesswhenstaringatcomputerscreens.TheNationalInstitutesofHealthrecommendstakingabreakevery20minutestolookatsomethingabout20feetawayfor20seconds.____18____.ResearchshowsthatfoodsrichinvitaminC,vitaminE,zinc,lutein(葉黃素),zeaxanthinandomega-3fattyacidsarelinkedtolowerriskforage-relatedeyediseasesandmaybeevendryeye.Therefore,foodslikefish,strawberries,tomatoes,peanuts,pumpkin,beefandoystersarestronglyrecommended.Stopthosebadhabits.First,giveupsmoking.Smokingisn’tjustbadforyourlungs;itcanharmeyestoo.Itcausesdryeyes,makesthyroideyediseaseworseandcanharmtheopticnerve.____19____Themoreyourub,themoreitchyyoureyeswillget.Andrubbingcanalsoleadtoinfections.Repairtheair.Indoorheatingandairconditioningcandryouttheairandtheeyes.Outdoorcoldandwindcanbedrying,too,whilepollutionandallergenscancausediscomfort.“Inadditiontousingsomeeyedrops,itisimportanttopurifytheairandmakeitlessdry.”saysDr.Akpek.Finally,don’tforgettoseeaneyespecialistforacheckup.____20____A.Eatforyoureyes.B.Also,trynottorubyoureyes.C.Choosefoodbeneficialtoyourhealth.D.Wearesupposedtoprotectoureyesfromthescreenlight.E.Butstaringatascreencanleaveeyestiredandmayevenblurvision.F.Notalleyeproblemsarenoticeable,andallarebesttreatedwhenfoundearly.G.Expertstellussomestepspeopleshouldtaketoprotecttheirvisionandeyehealth.【答案】16.G17.E18.A19.B20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了保護視力和眼睛的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Wewatchoutsaltandfatintaketoprotectourhearts.Weexerciseandtakecalciumtoprotectourbones.Butwhatcanwedotoprotectoureyes?(我們注意鹽和脂肪的攝入以保護我們的心臟。我們通過鍛煉和補充鈣來保護骨骼。但是我們能做些什么來保護我們的眼睛呢？)”設(shè)問了如何保護眼睛，結(jié)合后文說明了保護視力和眼睛的方法可知，空處應(yīng)指出有保護眼睛的方法，G選項“專家告訴我們一些人們應(yīng)該采取的措施來保護他們的視力和眼睛健康”符合語境，承上啟下故選G?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“TheAAO(美國眼科協(xié)會)saysthere’snoscientificevidencethatthelightfromelectronicscreensdamageseyes.(AAO表示，沒有科學證據(jù)表明電子屏幕發(fā)出的光會損害眼睛)”以及后文“Onereasonforeyetirednessduringscreenuseisthatpeopletendtoblinklesswhenstaringatcomputerscreens.(使用屏幕時眼睛疲勞的一個原因是人們在盯著電腦屏幕時眨眼的次數(shù)更少)”可知，本句與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，指出盯著屏幕會讓眼睛疲勞，E選項“但是盯著屏幕會使眼睛疲勞，甚至可能使視力模糊”符合語境，故選E。【18題詳解】根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“ResearchshowsthatfoodsrichinvitaminC,vitaminE,zinc,lutein(葉黃素),zeaxanthinandomega-3fattyacidsarelinkedtolowerriskforage-relatedeyediseasesandmaybeevendryeye.Therefore,foodslikefish,strawberries,tomatoes,peanuts,pumpkin,beefandoystersarestronglyrecommended.(研究表明，富含維生素C、維生素E、鋅、葉黃素、玉米黃質(zhì)和omega-3脂肪酸的食物可以降低患老年性眼病甚至干眼癥的風險。因此，強烈建議食用魚、草莓、西紅柿、花生、南瓜、牛肉和牡蠣等食物)”可知，本段的建議是吃對眼睛好好處的食物，A選項“為你的眼睛而吃”符合語境，可以作為主旨句。故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Themoreyourub,themoreitchyyoureyeswillget.Andrubbingcanalsoleadtoinfections.(揉得越多，眼睛就越癢。揉眼睛也會導(dǎo)致感染)”推知，空處是在建議不要揉眼睛。B選項“還有，盡量不要揉眼睛”符合語境，故選B?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Finally,don’tforgettoseeaneyespecialistforacheckup.(最后，別忘了去看眼科專家做檢查)”可知，上文建議去看眼科做檢查，本句位于段末應(yīng)承接上文指出這樣做的原因，F(xiàn)選項“并非所有的眼部問題都很明顯，而且及早發(fā)現(xiàn)最好治療”符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。TinyNewneighborsOnedayin2022,72-year-oldDonPowellwaspulling____21____fromhisoutdoormailboxasusualwhenhenoticedsomething____22____:Atinydollcoupleweresittingonaloveseatinsidethemailbox.Therewasalsoastickynotereading“MaryandShelleydecidedtolivehere.”Don___23___thoughtsomebodymusthaveleftthewoodendollsinsidehismailbox___24___andwouldgetthembacksoon.Themailboxlooksnice,which____25____26incheslong,15incheswideand10incheshigh,withwindowsonthetopandsidestoletthe___26___in.“It’snowonderthedollswanttomoveintoit,”Donsaidhumorously.Butafewdayslater,thesmallcoupledidnot____27____.Instead,theyacquiredatableandapillow.Morethanthat,overthenextseveralmonths.additionalitemsmysteriously___28___:abed,apaintingandawood-burningstove.AndatChristmastime,asmalldecorated____29____wasleftwithtinypresents.Now,MaryandShelleyarestilllivinginthe____30____,bringingalittlecommunityhumortotheneighborswhohavefollowedDon’s____31____onOrchardLakeVillage’sNextdoorpage.“SomepeoplethoughtIhad____32____thedollsmyself,butallIdidwasprovideamailbox.Somebodyelsedecidedtomakeita____33____forMaryandShelley,”DonwroteonNextdoor.Donsayshenowdoesn’twanttoknowwhois____34____forthemailboxmysteryandhe’sjusthopingitwill___35___.21.A.emails B.envelopes C.food D.dolls22.A.unusual B.horrible C.meaningful D.normal23.A.finally B.fortunately C.honestly D.originally24.A.inadvance B.witheffort C.bymistake D.bydesign25.A.measures B.equals C.builds D.fits26.A.wind B.sand C.light D.rain27.A.melt B.upgrade C.disappear D.respond28.A.showedoff B.showedthrough C.showedaround D.showedup29.A.tree B.basket C.book D.flower30.A.mailbox B.village C.house D.neighborhood31.A.styles B.updates C.advice D.targets32.A.created. B.hung C.placed D.deserted33.A.building B.nest C.settlement D.home34.A.charged B.responsible C.fit D.eager35.A.end B.repeat C.continue D.suffer【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.A26.C27.C28.D29.A30.A31.B32.C33.D34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。講述了安德魯在自己的郵筒里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個小娃娃夫婦，并且陪伴他們的物品逐漸增加。鄰居們對此很感興趣，希望了解這個謎題的背后故事。安德魯不想揭開謎底，他希望這個謎題可以繼續(xù)下去?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：2022年的一天，72歲的唐·鮑威爾像往常一樣從他的戶外信箱里取出信封，這時他注意到一些不尋常的東西：信箱里有一對小玩偶夫婦坐在雙人座椅上。A.emails郵件；B.envelopes信封；C.food食物；D.dolls玩偶。根據(jù)后文“fromhisoutdoormailbox”指從他的戶外信箱里取出信封，故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：2022年的一天，72歲的唐·鮑威爾像往常一樣從他的戶外信箱里取出信封，這時他注意到一些不尋常的東西：信箱里有一對小玩偶夫婦坐在雙人座椅上。A.unusual不尋常的；B.horrible可怕的；C.meaningful有意義的；D.normal正常的。根據(jù)后文“Atinydollcoupleweresittingonaloveseatinsidethemailbox.”可知，信箱里有玩偶，是不尋常的東西。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：唐原本以為一定是有人把那些木制娃娃錯放在他的郵箱里了，很快就會拿回來的。A.finally最后；B.fortunately幸運地；C.honestly誠實地；D.originally起初。根據(jù)后文“thoughtsomebodymusthaveleftthewoodendollsinsidehismailbox”可知，認為娃娃放錯了是他最初的想法。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：唐原本以為一定是有人把那些木制娃娃錯放在他的郵箱里了，很快就會拿回來的。A.inadvance提前；B.witheffort費力地；C.bymistake錯誤地；D.bydesign故意地。根據(jù)后文“andwouldgetthembacksoon”可知，他以為是人放錯了，很快會回來拿。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個郵筒看起來很漂亮，長26英寸，寬15英寸，高10英寸，頂部和側(cè)面都有窗戶，可以讓光線進來。A.measures測量；B.equals等于；C.builds建造；D.fits合適。根據(jù)后文“26incheslong,15incheswideand10incheshigh”可知，此處指郵筒測量的尺寸。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這個郵筒看起來很漂亮，長26英寸，寬15英寸，高10英寸，頂部和側(cè)面都有窗戶，可以讓光線進來。A.wind風；B.sand沙子；C.light燈光；D.rain雨。根據(jù)上文“withwindowsonthetopandsidestoletthe”可知，郵筒有窗戶可以讓光線進來。故選C。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是幾天后，這對小夫婦并沒有消失。A.melt融化；B.upgrade升級；C.disappear消失；D.respond回答。根據(jù)后文“Instead,theyacquiredatableandapillow.(相反，他們買了一張桌子和一個枕頭)”可知，這對小夫婦并沒有消失。故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：不僅如此，在接下來的幾個月里，又有一些神秘的東西出現(xiàn)了：一張床、一幅畫和一個燒木頭的爐子。A.showedoff炫耀；B.showedthrough透過；C.showedaround帶領(lǐng)……參觀；D.showedup出現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“abed,apaintingandawood-burningstove”可知，又出現(xiàn)了其他東西，故選D。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在圣誕節(jié)的時候，一棵裝飾過的小樹被留下了小禮物。A.tree樹木；B.basket籃子；C.book書籍；D.flower花。根據(jù)上文“AndatChristmastime,asmalldecorated”可知，圣誕節(jié)最有可能出現(xiàn)的是圣誕樹，故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，瑪麗和雪萊仍然住在這個郵箱里，給那些在果園湖村的Nextdoor頁面上關(guān)注唐更新的鄰居們帶來了一點社區(qū)幽默。A.mailbox郵箱；B.village村莊；C.house房子；D.neighborhood鄰居。根據(jù)后文“butallIdidwasprovideamailbox”可知，瑪麗和雪萊仍然住在這個郵箱里，故選A?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，瑪麗和雪萊仍然住在這個郵箱里，給那些在果園湖村的Nextdoor頁面上關(guān)注唐更新的鄰居們帶來了一點社區(qū)幽默。A.styles風格；B.updates更新；C.advice建議；D.targets目標。根據(jù)后文“onOrchardLakeVillage’sNextdoorpage”指他在網(wǎng)頁上的更新給鄰居們帶來了幽默。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“有些人認為是我自己放的娃娃，但我所做的只是提供了一個郵箱?！盇.created創(chuàng)造；B.hung懸掛；C.placed放置；D.deserted拋棄。根據(jù)后文“thedollsmyself,butallIdidwasprovideamailbox”可知，有些人認為是安德魯放進去的娃娃，故選C。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“有人決定把它變成瑪麗和雪萊的家，”唐在Nextdoor網(wǎng)站上寫道。A.building建筑物；B.nest窩；C.settlement解決；D.home家。根據(jù)后文“forMaryandShelley”以及上文可知，有人把郵筒裝飾成了娃娃的家，故選D。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：唐說他現(xiàn)在不想知道誰對郵箱之謎負責，他只是希望它能繼續(xù)下去。A.charged帶電的；B.responsible負責的；C.fit適合的；D.eager渴望的。根據(jù)后文“forthemailboxmystery”此處指對郵箱之謎負責，即負責做了這些事情的人，故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：唐說他現(xiàn)在不想知道誰對郵箱之謎負責，他只是希望它能繼續(xù)下去。A.end結(jié)束；B.repeat重復(fù)；C.continue繼續(xù)；D.suffer遭受。根據(jù)后文“he’sjusthopingitwill”以及上文安德魯喜愛這個行為，可推測他希望繼續(xù)下去。故選C。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式.Doyourememberatimewhenyouhadnoworriesstoppingyoufromgettingagoodnight’srest?___36___(fortunate),yourhappychildhoodisprobablyathingofthepast.Arecentsurvey____37____(find)thatmanypeoplesufferfromsleepproblems.Someareunabletofallasleep,somewakeupinthemiddleofthenight,and____38____simplydonotgetenoughsleep.Oneofthereasonswhypeoplefailtogetagoodnight’ssleep____39____(be)pressurefromschoolorwork.Noisepoll