考研初試英語基礎(chǔ)應(yīng)用文

PracticalWriting:一般至少包含以下幾部分內(nèi)容:1.時(shí)間2.地點(diǎn)3.活動(dòng)4.其他細(xì)節(jié)一.告示和通知Dr.NicolsonWillNotMeetClassTomorrowDr.NicolsonwillbeunabletomeetclassonThursday,June12,whichwillbeshiftedtothe5thand6thperiodsonnextTuesday,June17,unlessotherwisenotified.1.告示(Notice)2.通知(Announcement)

AnnouncementBecauseoftheraintheswimmingcompetitionwillnotbeheldattheNewTownSwimmingPoolasplanned.ItwillbeheldattheJacksonSportsCenter.Buseswillbeleavingschoolat10totakeyoutotheCenter.It’sabouta15-minuteride.Youwillbereturningtoschoolat3:15intimetocatchyourusualbuseshome.SportsOffice3.便條(ShortNotice)便條是一種簡短信函.它的形式比一般書信簡單,多使用非正式語體．

1.時(shí)間:

eg:Feb.11,20012.人名3.事由7:30a.m.dearMr.David,IverymuchregretIwasunabletoattendschoolthismorningowingtoasevereattackofillness.Iamenclosingherewithacertificatefromthedoctorwhoisattendingme,ashefearsitwillbeseveraldaysbeforeIshallbeabletoresumemystudy.Itrustmyenforcedabsencewillnotgiveyouanyseriousinconvenience.Sincerelyyours,Peter二.社交書信(LettersofSocialActivities)社交書信包括的內(nèi)容很多,如邀請(qǐng)信,推薦信,介紹信,賀信,證明信,感謝信等等.1.所有的社交書信都有明確的目的.因此,寫社交書信時(shí)要一矢中的.2.不要寫不相干的事.3.寫上必不可少的事實(shí),如時(shí)間,地點(diǎn)等.4.不要在一封信中將商務(wù)與社交混為一談.1.邀請(qǐng)信

(LettersofFormalandInformalInvitation)正式邀請(qǐng)信(FormalInvitation)DearMr.David,YouareinvitedtoattendagraduationpartyatmyhouseonFriday,June14.Thepartywillstartimmediatelyafterourgraduationceremony,atapproximately10:00.Yourparentsaree,too.Isurehopeyoucanbethere.Sincerely,Carlos(Signed)2.非正式邀請(qǐng)信(InformalInvitation)Cathy,WouldyouliketocomeclimbingthemountainwithmenextSundayafternoon?Wecouldmeetattheschoolgateatabout7:30a.m.andthengotogether.Elizabeth3.接受邀請(qǐng)信(LettersofExpressingAcceptance)

Feb.12,2001DearMr.Jackson:Whatapleasantsurprise!IshallbedelightedtomeetyouonFriday,18thFebruary,attheInternational.PleaseforgivemeifIamalittlelateasIhaveanimportantmeetingat11:00a.m.inthecity,butIwilldomybesttobethereby12:30.Iamlookingforwardverymuchindeedtoseeingyouagain.Thankyouagainforyourkindinvitation.Yourfaithfully,Rose

4.謝絕邀請(qǐng)信(LettersofExpressingDeclination)

April20,1999DearMr.Zhang:Onbehalfofmywife,andinmyownname,IwritetoexpressmyappreciationandthankstoyouforyourkindinvitationtoattendareceptionattheEmbassyontheoccasionoftheFiftiethAnniversaryoftheFoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.Toourregret,owingtocompanydutywhichtakesmeoverseasatthistime,weareunabletoacceptandweshouldbegladifyouwouldacceptourapologies.Ihopeyouwillpermitmywifeandmyselftosendgodwishestoyou,yourstaff,andourfriendsinChina,onthisHappyoccasion.Withmybestrespectsandregards.Yourssincerely,L.S.Jones5.推薦信(Lettersofmendation)推薦信包括的內(nèi)容:寫明推薦人與被推薦人的關(guān)系.推薦的緣由.被推薦人的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)和人格魅力.推薦人的態(tài)度.

RenminUniversityofChina175HaidianRoadBeijing100872June18,2000BusinessSchoolBallStateUniversityMuncie,in47306DearProf.Trunkemeyer:ZhaoYinangwasenrolledasastudentinmyeconomicscourseattheRenminUniversityofChinain1994.Hisperformanceintheclasswasquiteoutstanding.Mr.Zhaowasdiligentinhisstudiesandparticipatedinalloftheclassdiscussionswithhisownideas.Hewascapableofclearandlogicalanalysisofcomplexsubjectswithhiskeeninsightandmadevaluablecontribution.Inaddition,Mr.Zhaohasapleasantpersonality.Hegetsalongwellwithhiscolleaguesbecauseofhiswarmandfriendlyattitudetowardthem.Mr.Zhaohasprovedthathecanengageinresearchworkasanundergraduateinouruniversity.Iamsurethathewillperformwellinyourcollege.Imendhimtoyouwithnoreservations.Sincerelyyours,WangNing(Doctor,Professor)6.介紹信(LettersofIntroduction)介紹信包括下列內(nèi)容:1.寫明介紹人與被介紹人之間的關(guān)系.2.介紹的緣由.3.被介紹人的人格品性.4.感謝之詞12666-72Ave,surreyBC,CanadaV3W2M8www.Kwantlen.bc.caSeptember5,2000Prof.ZhaoLeiDept.ofEconomyandTradeDalianInstituteofLightIndustryDalian,P.R.China116000DearProf.Zhao:MayIintroducePh.DAliceS.P.Wong,professorofphilosophyandeconomicsatKwantlenUniversityCollegeandManagerofInternationalPrograms.TheInstituteforSino-CanadaStudieshasresponsibilityforpromotingacademicexchangesbetweenappropriateinstitutionsinChinaandCanadaKwantlenUniversityCollege.TheboardoftheinstitutehasrequestedthatOurcollegetakeontheprojectoftrainingminorentrepreneurinChina.IwouldgreatlyappreciateyourreceivingPh.DAliceS.P.Wongasourrepresentativeinsuchmatters.

Verytrulyyours,GordenLeeDean,SchoolofBusiness7.賀信(CongratulatoryLetters)賀信的語言要誠摯,熱烈,通常寫法如下:1.承知喜訊;2.表示誠摯,熱烈的祝賀3.表達(dá)對(duì)其未來的良好祝愿和真誠的希望.Mr.HeZhenliangVice-chairmanofOlympicCommitteeAsianSportsvillage59Beijing,P.R.china100080July14,2001DearMr.He,IwasveryhappytolearnthatyourcountrywonthebidfortheOlympicGames2008andIwouldlike,onbehalfoftheCanadianPeople’sAssociationforfriendshipwithForeignCountriesandinmyownname,toexpresstoyouandtoyourcountrymywarmestcongratulations.Ihopethattherelationsoffriendshipandcooperationthatalreadyexistbetweenourtwocountrieswillbefurtherdeveloped.IwishBeijingOlympicGames2008wouldbeamagnificentsportsmeetinthehistoryofOlympicGames.Withbestwishes.Sincerelyyours,HelenT.LnnChairmanCPAFFC

8.感謝信(LettersofThanks)寫感謝信要注意下述要點(diǎn):1.語言要真摯2.官方感謝信須行文得體,非官方感謝信較隨意3.信文不可太長,也不能太短4.寫明對(duì)所受益之事的感激之情不自禁.提及所受益處.46,ManorWay,WarwichwarwichshireCV145BS28thOctober,1997GeneralManagerTransatlanticPlasticsLtd.VentnorTheIsleofWightDearMr.Hallinen,ImustwriteandthankyouforyourkindnesstomepersonallyonmyvisittotheTamperefactoryearlierthismonth.Iamverygratefulforthetimeyouspentansweringmysomewhatpersistentquestions,andthetroubleyouwentto,whichmakemystayinTampereasinterestingaspossible.Infact,IcanassureyouthosetwodayswerethehighlightofmytriptoFinland.Yoursverysincerely,GreorgeR.FinlayFeb.27,2001DearMr.E.S.Jones:Thankyouonceagainfortheletterofintroductionyoukindlygaveme.Mr.TomCartergavemeamostwarmeaswellasagreatdealofveryvaluableadvice.Healsoputmeintouchwithanumberofhiscolleagues.Theyareallwarm-heartedandhavehelpedmealot.Also,theyofferedtohelpmeinmypracticalprojectandsolvedalotofproblems.Finally,Isucceededinmywork.IamverygratefultoyouandhopethatI’llseeyoutoexpressmygratitudesomedayslater.Yourssincerely,WilliamSmith9.道歉信(LettersofApologies)道歉信是寫信人對(duì)未盡事宜向收信人表示歉意.語言要誠摯,解釋的理由要真實(shí),不要顯出絲毫虛情假意,從而使收信人理解,并達(dá)到最終諒解.

Oct.31,2000DearMr.Clark,Iwouldliketoexpressmyapologiesfornotbeingabletokeepour9o’clockappointment.Ihadasmallaccidentonmywaytoschool.Iwillcomeovertoyourapartmentthedayaftertomorrow–Monday,November2,at9a.m.ifthatisconvenientforyou.Iwillcheckmymailbox(#245)tomorrowtoseeifyouhaveleftanoteforme.Otherwise,Iwillseeyouatnine,Mondaymorning.Withmanyapologies.LiXiaomei(Signed)三.事務(wù)信函(BusinessLetters)事務(wù)信函的格式由八個(gè)部分構(gòu)成:發(fā)信人公司名稱和地址(信頭),收信人公司名稱和地址(信內(nèi)地址),稱呼,信體,結(jié)束語,落款,發(fā)文編號(hào),附言.信頭包括發(fā)信人所在單位的名稱,地址,郵政編碼,電話,電傳,電子郵件信箱及發(fā)信日期,寫在信紙的右上方.信內(nèi)地址包括收信人所在單位的名稱或收信人的地址,必須同左邊的空白處取齊,與信頭間隔二行至四行的距離為佳.書信開頭客氣稱呼的方式取決于寫信人與收信人之間的關(guān)系.規(guī)范的稱呼通常是:

DearSir,DearMadam,DearMr.Smith,DearMissGreen,DearMrs.Brown,DearMs.Jane,Gentlemen.

信的主體可由一段或多段組成,全從左邊空白處寫起或縮行二個(gè)字母至四個(gè)字母的距離.常用的書信結(jié)尾有:Yourstruly,Yourssincerely,Yourscordially,Yoursrespectfully貿(mào)易關(guān)系用:Yourstruly,Yourssincerely貿(mào)易及朋友關(guān)系用:Yourscordially與上級(jí)關(guān)系用:Yoursrespectfully給年長者或位尊者用:Yoursveryrespectfully6.落款時(shí),寫信人必須在印刷體的名字上方簽上自己的姓名7.發(fā)文編號(hào):抄送人將姓名用小寫縮寫寫在簽名下方空一行處,以示對(duì)信件負(fù)責(zé).8.附件用Enclosure標(biāo)明.1.留學(xué)和獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金申請(qǐng)信

(LettersofApplyingforAdmittanceandScholarships)留學(xué)和獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金申請(qǐng)信中必須寫明下列幾點(diǎn):寫明申請(qǐng)學(xué)校和所學(xué)專業(yè)提供申請(qǐng)人的個(gè)人資歷索取申請(qǐng)學(xué)校相關(guān)的申請(qǐng)表等1)留學(xué)申請(qǐng)信(ApplicationforAdmittance)

PostOfficeBox2418Branch28-5PostCode100081Beijing,P.R.C.November12,1997TheRegistrarofAdmissionTheGraduateSchoolofThePennsylvaniaStateUniversityU.S.A.16082DearSir:IamdeeplyinterestedinyourgraduateschoolinthedepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,andplantoapplyforadmissionforthefallof1998.MyGPAintheuniversitywas3.5,andIplantotakeTOEFLandGREinOctoberandDecember,1997,respectively.Pleasesendcatalogueandapplicationformstome.Ishallbegreatlyappreciated.

Verytrulyyours,WangYang2)獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金申請(qǐng)信（ApplicationsforScholarships)BeijingScienceandEngineeringUniversityXueyuanSt.Beijing,100081P.R.ChinaMay15,2001ChairmanDept.ofElectronicsEngineeringUniversityofMassachusettsAmherst,MAO1003U.S.A.DearSir:Ishouldliketoapplyforoneofthescholarshipsthatyourdepartmentmaybeofferingtostudentsfromothercountries.Wouldyoupleasesendmethenecessaryapplicationformsandanyfurtherdetailsaboutthescholarships.IamapostgraduatestudentinBeijingScienceandEngineeringUniversity.Imajorinmicroelectronicsengineering,anddosomeresearchworkduringmystudyyears.IhopetohaveafurtherstudyandcontinuetodomyresearchworkifIsucceedinobtainingtheengineeringscholarship.Enclosedpleasefindtwolettersofmendationandmyscorereportcard.Thankyouforyourconsideration.Ilookforwardtoyourreply.Respectfullyyours,MaMinghao2.答復(fù)申請(qǐng)（ReplyingtoApplications)OfficeofGraduateAdmissionsBostonUniversityMassachusetts,U.S.A.September20,1999LiJinDepartmentofAppliedPhysicsTsinghuaUniversityBeijing,China

DearLIJin,ThankyouforyourletterdatedSeptember11whichwereceivedtoday.Wearegreatlyinterestedintheuniversitywhereyouarestudying.SinceTsinghuaUniversityisoneofthetopuniversitiesofChina,weareconvincedthatyoubelongtoThefirst-classgroup.Itisagreatpleasuretousifyoucouldmanagetopursueyourgraduatestudyatouruniversity.Asyoumentioned,thegraduateApplicationForm,theapplicationFormforScholarships,andanIntroductiontotheschoolofPhysics,arebeingenclosed.PleasefillupdetailsofyourbackgroundandsendbacktheApplicationForms,thenwewillbeconsideringfurther.Formoreinformation,contactusatXXXorfaxatXXX.Weextendtoyouourbestwishesandlookforwardtoseeingyouatouruniversity.Yourssincerely,(Signature)Administrator3.求職信(LettersofApplyingforaJob)

按下列格式寫求職信:第一段寫明謀求的工作和獲悉空缺的渠道第二段寫出一兩點(diǎn)可使未來雇主滿意的特殊資歷第三段/第四段提供事實(shí)依據(jù)論證第二段中的要點(diǎn)第四段/第五段請(qǐng)求面試

710West80StreetTempe,AZ85282January24,1989Mr.RichardLevyFirstSecurityBank2250SixthAvenueSanDiego,Ca91201DearMr.Levy:IsthereaplaceatFirstSecurityforapersonwithathoroughbusinesseducation,experienceinthebusinessworld,andanearnestdesiretoacceptresponsibilityandhandlechallenges?Ifso,IbelievethatIcanmeetyourneed.OnDecember20,1988,IreceivedaBBAdegreefromBrighamYojngUniversitybesidescoursesinaccounting,management,andmarketing.Ihavetakenspeech,industrialpsychology,andbusinesscommunicationstobetterPreparemyselftoworkeffectivelywithpeople.AsanemployeeatSears,RoebuckinProvo,Utah,Ihaveperformedvariousdutiesfromreceivingclerktocashiertocandidateformanagermenttrainee.Ibelievethatmysupervisorthere(seetheenclosedresume)willtellyouthatIwasadependable,conscientiousworker.Mypart-timeworkofapproximately25hoursaweekenabledmetopaythemajorpartofmycollegeexpenses.Inadditiontoeducationandexperience,Mr.Levy,mycollegeactivitieshavepreparedmetoworkwellwithpeople.Asseniorvicepresidentinchargeofrecruitingformyprofessionalfraternity,Iorganizedanumberofeducationalandsocialmeetingsforprospectivemembers.DuringthetimeIservedaschairmanofrecruiting,wepledgedmoremenandwomenthanwehadforthepreviousthreeyears.

Besidesthequalificationsmentioned,Iwouldbringtoyourbankadesiretosucceedandawillingnesstoworkhard.Pleaselookovertheenclosedresume,whichprovidesmoredetailsaboutmybackground.IfyouthinkIcouldserveFirstSecurityinanentry-levelposition,pleasecallme.Iwillarrangetocomeinforaninterviewatyourconvenience.Yoursverytruly,(Signature)JohnAlexander4.拒聘信(LettersofTurningDownanApplication)PWC,Inc.43671stAvenue,St.201KansasCity,MO64101

May6,1999TomAdams92SycamoreSt.St.Louis,MO63122DearMr.Adams:ThankyouforyourinterestinPWC.Whileyourresumelooksimpressive,IregrettoinformyouthatwedonnothaveAnypositionsavailablethatsuityourexperienceandgoals.Ifyouwouldliketodiscussthisfurther,pleasefeelfreetocallmeanytime.Iwanttoassureyouthatmydecisionshouldinnowaybeconstruedasanegativereflectinofyourcapabilities.Again,thankyouforyourinterestinPWC.