初中英語語法系統(tǒng)復(fù)習(xí)

學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載學(xué)習(xí)好資料歡迎下載英語語法系統(tǒng)復(fù)習(xí)專題三被動語態(tài)講解一、被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式1.被動語態(tài)的基本時態(tài)變化被動語態(tài)通常為十種時態(tài)的被動形式,被動語態(tài)由be＋過去分詞構(gòu)成，be隨時態(tài)的變化而變化。以do為例，各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)形式為：1)am/is/are+done(過去分詞)一般現(xiàn)在時例Visitorsarerequestednottotouchtheexhibits.2）has/havebeendone現(xiàn)在完成時例Allthepreparationsforthetaskhavebeencompleted,andwe'rereadytostart.3）am/is/arebeingdone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時例Anewcinemaisbeingbuilthere．4）was/weredone一般過去時例IwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.5）hadbeendone過去完成時例Bytheendoflastyear,anothernewgymnasiumhadbeencompletedinBeijing.6）was/werebeingdone過去進(jìn)行時例AmeetingwasbeingheldwhenIwasthere.7）shall/willbedone一般將來時例Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.8）should/wouldbedone過去將來時例Thenewswouldbesenttothesoldier'smotherassoonasitarrived.9）shall/willhavebeendone將來完成時（少用）例TheprojectwillhavebeencompletedbeforeJuly.2.被動語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式1)帶情態(tài)動詞的被動結(jié)構(gòu)。其形式為：情態(tài)動詞＋be＋過去分詞。例Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.2)有些動詞可以有兩個賓語，在用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)時，可以把主動結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個賓語變?yōu)橹髡Z，另一賓語仍然保留在謂語后面。通常變?yōu)橹髡Z的是間接賓語。例Hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday.可改為Hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.3)當(dāng)“動詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，將賓語變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)中的主語，其余不動。例Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.可改為Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.4）在使役動詞have,make,get以及感官動詞see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作賓語補(bǔ)語時，在主動結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式to要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍咏Y(jié)構(gòu)時，要加to。例Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.可改為Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.二、如何使用被動語態(tài)學(xué)習(xí)被動語態(tài)時，不僅要知道被動語態(tài)的各種語法結(jié)構(gòu)，還要知道在哪些情況中使用被動語態(tài)。1.講話者不知道動作的執(zhí)行者或不必說出動作的執(zhí)行者(這時可省by短語)。例Mybikewasstolenlastnight.2.借助被動的動作突出動作的執(zhí)行者。例IwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldaccepttheoffer.3.為了更好地安排句子。例Thewell-knownpersongotonthebusandwasimmediatelyrecognizedbypeople.（一個主語就夠了）被動語態(tài)習(xí)題1._____anewlibrary_____inourschoollastyear?A.Is，builtB.Was,builtC.Does;buildD.Did;build2.Anaccident____onthisroadlastweek.A.hasbeenhappenedB.washappenedC.ishappenedD.happened3.Cotton____inthesoutheastofChina.A.isgrownB.aregrownC.growsD.grow4.Sofar,themoon____bymanalready.A.isvisitedB.willbevisitedC.hasbeenvisitedD.wasvisited5.AtalkonChinesehistory_____intheschoolhallnextweek.A.isgivenB.hasbeengivenC.willbegivenD.gives6.Alotofthings____bypeopletosavethelittlegirlnow.A.aredoingB.arebeingdoneC.hasbeendoneD.willbedone()7ThePeople'sRepublicofChina___onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound專題四：賓語從句▲掌握賓語從句的語序?！莆找龑?dǎo)賓語從句的各種連詞?！莆召e語從句中，主句與從句在時態(tài)上的相互呼應(yīng)?！局R要點(diǎn)】1.賓語從句在句中作及物動詞或介詞的賓語，從句放在主句之后，前后不用逗號分開。2.引導(dǎo)賓語從句的詞有：連詞that(在口語中that?？墒÷?，if,whether,如：HeknowsthatJimwillworkhard.連接代詞who,whom,which等，如：Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfor?連接副詞when,where,how,why等，如：Couldyoutellmehowwecangettothestation?3.whether和if都有“是否”的意思，一般情況下兩者可以換用，但在介詞之后，不定式之前，與ornot連用，在句首或在引導(dǎo)表語從句，同位語從句時，只能用whether,如：Iwanttoknowif/whetherthenewsistrue.Hedoesn'tknowwhethertostayornot?4.賓語從句要用陳述句語序。5.賓語從句一定要注意時態(tài)呼應(yīng)，即：當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是過去式時，從句中謂語動詞也要用過去范疇的時態(tài)，但若從句陳述的是真理或客觀規(guī)律，其謂語的時態(tài)仍用一般現(xiàn)在時，如：Heaskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.Myfathertoldmethattheearthgoesaroundthesun.6.一個賓語從句只能用一個連詞。7.當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是think,believe等動詞時，賓語從句的否定意義要放到主句中。另外，當(dāng)主句主語為第一人稱時，后面若接附加疑問句，那么附加疑問句的主語、謂語應(yīng)與從句中的主謂語保持一致。如：Idon'tthinkhelookslikehisfather,doeshe?8.直接引語和間接引語也是賓語從句，直接引語是引述別人的原話，放在引號內(nèi)，不用連詞聯(lián)接；間接引語是用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，通常用連接詞與主句聯(lián)接。(1)陳述句變?yōu)橐詔hat引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，如：Hesaid,“I'mhappy.”[FY()[FY]]Hesaidthathewashappy.(2)一般疑問句變?yōu)閕f(whether)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，如：Heaskedme,“DoeshisfatherknowMrGreen?”HeaskedmeifhisfatherknewMrGreen.(3)特殊疑問句變?yōu)橛蓋ho,what,where,how等疑問詞(連接代詞或連接副詞)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，如：Heaskedme,“WhereisMrWang?”HeaskedmewhereMrWangwas.1Thegirlsaskedifthey____somefoodanddrinkwiththem.A.tookB.takeC.takesD.willtake2Catherinesaidthatshe___toGuangzhou.A.hasnevergoneB.hadnevergoneC.hasneverbeenD.hadneverbeen3Thestudentswanttoknowwhetherthey___dictationtoday.A.hadB.has.C.willhaveD.are4SheaskedLindaif___goandgetsome.A.couldsheB.shecouldC.shecanD.shemay5Lindasaidthemoon___roundtheearth.A.travelledB.hastravelledC.travellsD.hadtravelled6.Canyoutellme___youwereborn,Betty?A.whoB.whatC.whenD.that7Idon'tknow___theyhavepassedtheexam.A.whatB.ifC.whenD.where8Ihardlyunderstand.___hehastoldme.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who9.Shedidn'tknow___backsoon.A.whetherhewouldbeB.ifwouldhebeC.hewillbeD.ifhewillcome10.Idon'tknow_____hestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.A.whetherBwhereC.whatD.when11.Doyouknow_____theylistenedtoyesterdayevening?A.whatBwhenCwhyDhow12.Heaskedme_____toldmetheaccident.AwhomBwhichCwhoDwhose13.Theydon'tknow_______theirparentsare.AthatBwhatCwhyDwhich14.Pleasetellme______whatlastyear.A.wheredoesyoursisterworkB.wheredidyoursisterworkCwhereyoursisterworksD.whereyoursisterworked15.SheaskedmeifIknew______A.whosepenisitB.whosepenitwasC.whosepenitisD.whosepenwasit16.Youmustremember________.A.whatyourmothersaidB.whatdidyourmothersayC.yourmothersaidwhatD.whathasyourmothersaid17.Didyouknow____?A.whohewaslookingafterB.whowashelookingforC.whoheislookingforD.whoheislookingafter18.Couldyoutellme___?A.whenwilltheyleaveBeijingB.whenwouldtheyleaveBeijingC.whentheywillleaveBeijingD.whendidtheyleaveBeijing19.Couldyoutellme________?A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingforC.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein20.IwanttoknowhowlongA.hashebeenbackB．hashecomebackC.hehasbeenbackD．hehascomeback21.Doyouknow?A．whatthenewsareB．whatisthenewsC．whatthenewsisD．whatarethenews22.Idon'tknow________upsoearlylastSunday.A.whydidhegetB.whyhegetsC.whydoeshegetD.whyhegot23..Hesaid_________therewasgoingtobeameetingthatevening.A.whatB.ifC.thatD.how二.句型轉(zhuǎn)換。1).Howdoeshegetonwithhisnewclassmates?Couldyoutellme?(改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句)Couldyoutellmehow___________onwithhisnewclassmates?2).Whatishedoingthere?Motherdidn'tknow.(改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句)Motherdidn'tknowwhat_____________doingthere.3).You'dbetteraskyourmotherwhetherisitcheapenoughbeforeyoutryiton.(改錯)4)What'shisname?Iaskedhim.（改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句）Iaskedhimwhat_____________________.5)Whydidn'thelookhappy?Couldyoutellme?(改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句)Couldyoutellmewhy_____________lookhappy?6)Doeshestillliveinthatstreet?Idon'tknow(改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句)Idon'tknow______hestill_______inthatstreet.7)Whosechildrenistheoldwomanlookingafter?Didyoufindout?（改為含有賓語從句的復(fù)合句）Didyoufindoutwhosechildrentheoldwoman_____________after?8)Themoonmovesroundtheearth.Mysistertoldme.（同上）Mysistertoldme______themoon_______roundtheearth.9)Ithinkitisnotgoingtosnowtomorrow.（改錯）10)."Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew。"Tom'smotheraskedhim.(同義句轉(zhuǎn)換)Tom'smotheraskedhim________________________totrysomethingnew專題五：中考英語語法：非謂語動詞一、動詞不定式1.動詞不定式作賓語。1)在動詞want,hope,wouldlike,decide,wish,choose,try,need等后常用動詞不定式作賓語。Ihope______(hear)fromyousoon.2)think/find/feel/makeit+adj+todosthHefounditdifficult_______(get)tosleep.3).stoptodosth/stopdoingsthstoptodosth停下來去做某事stopdoingsth停止正在做的事。Afterworkingforalongtime,Hehastostop_______(have)arest.Hewasverytired,sohehadtostop______(work).2.動詞不定式作賓補(bǔ)。1).帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動詞有：ask/like/wouldlike/teach/tell/want/help+sb+todosthPleaseaskhim_________(come)quickly.2).省掉to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動詞有：let/make/hear/see/notice/have/watch+sb+dosth注：省掉to的不定式的句子變被動語態(tài)時，需要還原to.Hemadethebaby_______(stop)crying.Thebabywasmade___________crying.3.動詞不定式作主語1).動詞不定式?？捎米骶渥拥闹髡Z時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。2).常用it作形式主語，而將不定式放在句子后面。Todosth+謂語動詞+adj/n=It+謂語動詞+adj/n+todosthTogetaninjectionisalittlepainful._____alittlepainful________aninjection4.動詞不定式作定語動詞不定式作定語放在被修飾詞之后，名詞或代詞+todo(介詞)注：若構(gòu)成的不定式的動詞為不及物動詞時，其后加上相應(yīng)的介詞。Iwantapentowrite______.。Iwantapieceofpapertowrite______.5.動詞不定式與疑問詞連用：疑問詞+todosth注：在賓語從句中，若主從句的主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為“疑問詞+todosth”.CanyoutellmehowIcangettothehospital?Canyoutellme_____________thehospital.6.動詞不定式可作狀語1).動詞不定式可作目的狀語在come/go/leave后面接動詞不定式作目的狀語。Hecamehere______(get)hisbook.2).動詞不定式可作原因狀語表語形容詞(sorry/sad/happy/glad/afraid/pleased)后與動詞不定式連用作原因狀語Hewasglad_______(see)hiswife.3).動詞不定式可作結(jié)果狀語在too…to…,not…enoughto…句型中的動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語。Hewastootired_______(walk)on.7.動詞不定式作表語be+todosth注：動詞不定式作表語可以和主語的位置互換，且常表將來。Herwishis_______(become)adoctor.。__________isherwish.8.動詞不定式的否定形式在動詞不定式的前面加not.Hetoldme_______(notstay)here.9.動詞不定式符號的省略和保留情況。1).動詞不定式符號的省略情況若兩個或兩個以上的不定式并列時，第一個不定式符號不能省略，其余的省掉to.但兩者有對比關(guān)系時，to都不能省略。Edison’smothertaughthimtowriteandread.Ihaven’tdecidedtogohomeortogotothecinema.2)省掉不定式而保留動詞不定式符號to的情況。Willyoutakeawalkwithme?I’mgladto.Wouldyouliketojoinmybirthdayparty?Iwouldloveto.|||二、動名詞1.動名詞相當(dāng)于一個名詞，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Readinginbed______(be)badforyoureyes.2.有些動詞或動詞短語后面，只能接動名詞作賓語。三、現(xiàn)在分詞1.現(xiàn)在分詞常放在see,hear,watch,notice等之后作賓補(bǔ)。Isawtheboy____(play)inthestreetjustnow.2.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語常放在被修飾詞之前，現(xiàn)在分詞短語要放在被修飾詞的后面，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。Asleepingbaby=ababywhoissleeping.DidyouknowthemantalkingtoMrLi?DidyouknowthemanwhowastalkingtoMrLi?3.現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨情況Hecameintotheclassroom,carryingabook.四、過去分詞1.作賓補(bǔ)have/get+sth+done表示請別人干某事IhadmyTVrepairedlastnight.2.作定語單一的過去分詞作定語，要放在被修飾詞的前面，過去分詞短語作定語要放在被修飾詞的后面，相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。HaveyoueverreadanybookswrittenbyLuxun?Haveyoueverreadanybooks__________writtenbyLuxun?3.作表語過去分詞作表語已經(jīng)形容詞化Mycupisbroken.中考英語專題六：狀語從句狀語從句是中考詞匯和句法部分考查的重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容之一。在復(fù)習(xí)狀語從句時,主要任務(wù)是弄清楚引導(dǎo)各種狀語從句的連詞的用法。現(xiàn)就主要考查點(diǎn)簡述如下:狀語從句：在復(fù)合句中修飾主句中的動詞、形容詞或副詞等的從句叫做狀語從句。狀語從句根據(jù)它表達(dá)的意思的不同，可分為時間，地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、比較（或方式）和條件狀語從句等。一、時間狀語從句主要由when（當(dāng)…的時候）,while（正當(dāng)…的時候）,before（在…以前）,after（在…以后）,as（當(dāng)…的時候）till/until（直到…）,assoonas（一…就）等詞引導(dǎo)。其中when，while和as都可表示"當(dāng)……時候",但用法有區(qū)別:①when意為"在……時;當(dāng)……時",可表示"點(diǎn)時間"或"段時間",從句謂語可以是終止性動詞,也可以是延續(xù)性動詞。例如:WhenIgothome,hewashavingsupper.②as意為"邊……邊……"或"與……同時",重在表示兩個動作同時發(fā)生。伴隨進(jìn)行。as從句是終止性動詞時,主句通常也必須是終止性動詞。例如:Theysangastheydanced.③while只可表示"段時間",從句謂語只限于延續(xù)性動詞。例如:WhileIwassleeping,myfathercamein.注:1.從句謂語是持續(xù)性動詞時,when、while和as可以互換。主從句謂語都是終止性動詞時,when與as可互換。從句謂語表示狀態(tài)時,通常用while。2.當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可以是任何時態(tài)。3.當(dāng)主句是一般過去時，從句必須與過去有關(guān)。仿照例句組句。A.Model:Thebuswasleaving.Wegottothebusstop.Thebuswasleavingwhenwegottothebusstop.1.Itwasraininghard.Iwasonmywayhome.2.Iwanttobecomeateacher.Igrowup.B.Model:Hedivedintothewater.Icouldstophim.HedivedintothewaterbeforeIcouldstophim.1.Iworkedinthisfactory.Ijoinedthearmy.1.Theyreviewedtheirlessons.Theywenttothefilm.C.Model:Igottoschool.Lessonsbegan.Igottoschoolafterlessonsbegan.1.LiMingandLiHuaplayedping-pong.Schoolwasover.2.Iknewhowtodothework.IhadatalkwithComradeWang.D.Model:Ihaveseenhimtwice.Heleftschool.Ihaveseenhimtwicesinceheleftschool.1.Fiveyearshavepassed.Myelderbrotherlefthome.2.Wehaven’tmetwitheachother.Wearrivedinthiscity.E.Model:Wewillnotstartthegame.Youareready.Wewillnotstartthegameuntilyouareready.1.Theywillnotcomehere.Theyfinishtheirwork.2.Ididnothavesupper.Irepairedmybicycle.F.Model:Thestudentsstartedworking.Theygotthere.Thestudentsstartedworkingassoonastheygotthere.1.IsawMr.Smith.Igotoffthebus.2.Themeetingbegan.Iarrivedthere.二、條件狀語從句常用if，unless等引導(dǎo)。.主句用一般將來時，if或unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。固定搭配：unless=if...not.e.g.Let'sgooutforawalkunlessyouaretootired.Ifyouarenottootied,let'sgooutforawalk.選擇最佳答案.()1.Ifit______sunnytomorrow,I____boating.a.isgob.willbe,goc.is,willgod.willbe,willgo()2.whatwillyoudoifit______tomorrow,I’llstayathomeandwatchTV.a.rainb.rainsc.willraind.israining仿照例句組句G.Model:Shewillcome.Sheisfree.Shewillcomeifsheisfree.1.Youcan’tgetbetterresults.Youdon’tstudyhard.2.Ishallnotgotothecinema.Itwillraintomorrow.3.Youwillbeintimeforschool.Youcatchthebus.4.Yoursisterwillpasstheexam.Sheworkshard.5.Ishallnotbeabletogotherewithyoutomorrow.Icannotgetabike.H.Model:Youwillmissthetrainifyoudon’tstartrightnow.Youwillmissthetrainunlessyoustartrightnow.1.Youcan’tbehealthyifyoudon’tgetupearlyeverymorning.2.Iamnotgoingtoplaywithyouifyoudon’tcomeintime.三、結(jié)果狀語從句結(jié)果狀語從句常由so…that或such…that引導(dǎo)，掌握這兩個句型，首先要了解so和such與其后的詞的搭配規(guī)律。比較：so和such其規(guī)律由so與such的不同詞性決定。such是形容詞，修飾名詞或名詞詞組，so是副詞，只能修飾形容詞或副詞。so還可與表示數(shù)量的形容詞many,few,much,little連用，形成固定搭配。sofoolishsuchafoolsoniceaflowersuchaniceflowersomany/fewflowerssuchniceflowerssomanypeoplesuchalotofpeoplesomuch/littlemoney.suchrapidprogress（somany已成固定搭配，alotof雖相當(dāng)于many，但alotof為名詞性的，只能用such搭配。）so…that與such…that之間的轉(zhuǎn)換既為so與such之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。Theboyissoyoungthathecan'tgotoschool.Heissuchayoungboythathecan'tgotoschool.主要有so/such…that…,sothat等。so...that結(jié)構(gòu)在某種情況下可以與enoughto和too...to結(jié)構(gòu)相互轉(zhuǎn)換。例如:Sheissoshortthatshecan'treachthebuttonsofthelift.=Sheistooshorttoreachthebuttonsofthelift.仿照例句組句K.Model:Mr.Wangwasveryangry.Hecouldn’tspeak.Mr.Wangwassoangrythathecouldn’tspeak.1.Thebuildingisverydangerous.Noonewillliveandworkinit.2.Itwasveryhotlastnight.Wecouldn’tgotosleep.3.Thepictureisverybeautiful.Wealllikeitverymuch.4.ZhangHuacametoschoolverylatethismorning.Shemissedthefirstclass.5.Beforeliberationmyfatherwasverypoor.Hecouldnotgotoschool.6.Hestudiedveryhardatschoolwhenhewasyoung.Heoftenforgothismeals.四、目的狀語從句表示目的狀語的從句可以由that,sothat,inorderthat,等詞引導(dǎo)，例如：Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.仿照例句組句J.Modle:Pleasespeakup.Everybodycanhearyou.Pleasespeakupsothateverybodycanhearyou.1.Heissavinghismoney.HecangotoShanghaibyair.2.Theteacherspokeslowlyandclearly.Wecouldunderstandhim.3.Turnontheradio.Wecanhearthenews.五、原因狀語從句原因狀語從句一般由because,since,as,for引導(dǎo)1）because語勢最強(qiáng)，用來說明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的問題。當(dāng)原因是顯而易見的或已為人們所知，就用as或since。Ididn'tgo,becauseIwasafraid.Since/Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.2）由because引導(dǎo)的從句如果放在句末，且前面有逗號，則可以用for來代替。但如果不是說明直接原因，而是多種情況加以推斷，就只能用for。Heisabsenttoday,because/forheisill.Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.注意as,because,since和for的區(qū)別:①如果原因是構(gòu)成句子的最主要部分,一般用because。because引導(dǎo)的從句一般不放在句子的開頭。例如:ImissedthetrainbecauseIgotuplate.注:對于以why開頭的問句,一般只能用because引導(dǎo)的從句來回答。②如果原因已為人們所知,或不如句子的其余部分重要,就用as或since、since比as稍微正式一些。as和since引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在句子的開頭。例如:Ashewasnotwell,Idecidedtogotherewithouthim.Sincethismethoddoesn'twork,let'stryanother.③for表示所說的理由是一種補(bǔ)充說明,因此,for引導(dǎo)的從句可以放在括號里,而且for引導(dǎo)的從句一般不放在句子的開頭。例如:Idecidedtostopandhavelunch,forIwasfeelingquitehungry.仿照例句組句I.Modle:I’mnotgoingthere.Iambusy.(because)I’mnotgoingtherebecauseIambusy.1.Wecouldnotbuyanythingatthattime.Theshopwasclosed.(because)2.Wewenthomeyesterday.Therewasnothingforustodothere.(since)3.Wehadtostayatschoolthedaybeforeyesterday.Itrainedveryhard.(because)4.Theydidn’tworkyesterday.Itwasaholiday.(as)5.Youmayhavearest.Theworkhasbeenfinished.(since)6.Nooneswimsinthelake.Thewaterisverydeep.(as)7.Ididn’thandinmyexercise-book..Ileftitathome.(because)六、比較（或方式）狀語從句方式狀語從句通常由as（正如）,as…as…(與…一樣),notas(so)…as…（與…不一樣）,than（比…）,asif（好像……似的）,asthough（仿佛……似的），1.Hestaredatmeasifseeingmeforfirsttime.他目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地看著我，就像第一次看見我似的。2.Heclearedhisthroatasiftosaysomething.他清了清嗓子，像要說什么似的。3.TomisshorterthanJim.4.TomisastallasMike.5.Tomdoesn’trunas/sofastasMike.仿照例句組句L.Model:LiMing,ZhangPing,youngLiMingisasyoungasZhangPing.LiMingisnotasyoungasZhangPing.LiMingisyoungerthanZhangPing.1.thenewbuilding,theoldbuilding,big2.thispark,thatpark,beautiful3.thisdictionary,thatbook,thick4.yourwatch,mywatch,small5.LiGang’sfather,myfather,old6.herpronunciation,yourpronunciation,good七、讓步狀語從句由though,although引導(dǎo)。注意：當(dāng)有though,although時，后面的從句不能有but，但是though和yet可連用Althoughit'sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefield.雖然在下雨，但他們?nèi)栽诘乩锔苫?。Heisveryold,buthestillworksveryhard.雖然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。Thoughthesorebehealed,yetascarmayremain.傷口雖愈合，但傷疤留下了。（諺語）1）___sheisyoung,sheknowsquitealot.A.WhenB.HoweverC.AlthoughD.Unless答案：C。意為雖然她很年輕，卻知道許多。2)everif,eventhough.即使We'llmakeatripeventhoughtheweatherisbad.3)whether…or-不管……都Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.4)"nomatter+疑問詞"或"疑問詞+后綴ever"Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.替換：nomatterwhat=whatevernomatterwho=whoevernomatterwhen=whenevernomatterwhere=wherevernomatterwhich=whichevernomatterhow=however注意：nomatter不能引導(dǎo)主語從句和賓語從句。（錯）Nomatterwhatyousayisofnousenow.（對）Whateveryousayisofnousenow.你現(xiàn)在說什么也沒用了。(Whateveryousay是主語從句)（錯）Prisonershavetoeatnomatterwhatthey'regiven,（對）Prisonershavetoeatwhateverthey'regiven.囚犯們只能給什么吃什么。八、地點(diǎn)狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞為where.1.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟成。2.Wherethereisnoairorwaternobodycanlive.沒有空氣和水，人就不能生存。二、用when,before,after,assoonas,since,if,because,until,sothat,than,as…as,so…that填空.1.Iwillnotleavehere___________youcomeback.2.________youarefreetoday,let’sgototowntobuysomenewbooks.3.Shehadthedayoffyesterday____________hermotherwasill.4.I’llbeveryglad_________youcanhelpmewithmywork..5.LiHonghadstudiedinamiddleschoolinTianjinfortwoyears____________shecametoChendulastyear.6._________wegotthere,itbegantorain.7.IlearnedsomeEnglishwords__________Iwasachild.8.Isyourbike__________new__________mine?9.ComradeLicameearlyinthemorning____________hecouldattendourmeetingintime.10.Idon’tthinktherearelessbooksinourschoollibrary_________thoseinyourschoollibrary.11.___________thetownwasliberated,thepeopletherebegantoliveanewlife.12.Iam______hungry________Iwanttogetsomethingtoeatrightnow.三、單項(xiàng)選擇:（）1.Weweregettingreadytogoout______itbegantorain.A.whereB.whenC.sinceD.if（）2.Welovespring______there’rebeautifulflowerseverywhere.A.butB.ifC.thoughD.because（）3.Theworkwas_______difficult_______ittookusquitealongtimetodoit.A.such,thatB.so,thatC.too,thatD.too,to（）4.I’lltellhimtogiveyouacall______hecomesback.A.becauseB.sinceC.assoonasD.but（）5.WhydidLiLeiuseapencil?_______hispenwasbroken.A.BecauseB.WhenC.UntilD.If（）6.IthinkChineseismorepopular______anyothersubject.A.thanB.forC.asD.then（）7.WhatdoIhavetodo______Iwanttobethinner?A.ifB.becauseC.sinceD.for（）8.Iwon’tturnoffthelight______you’vefinishedreading.A.whenB.afterC.assoonasD.until（）9.I’llstudyEnglishandotherobjects_______Ican.A.sohardasB.ashardasC.sohardlyasD.ashardlyas（）10.Thoughitrainedheavily,_______werestillplayingontheplayground.A.theyB.sotheyC.buttheyD.andthey（）11.Youshouldfinishyourexercises______yougotobed.A.afterB.beforeC.becauseD.if（）12.ArewegoingtoWestHillFarmbybike?No.Bybus,_______itisquitefarfromhere.A.ifB.whenC.thoughD.because（）13.Mr.Readhastaughtinthatsmalltown______heleftCanadain1988.A.whenB.afterC.forD.since（）14.I’m____busygettingreadyforChristmas____Ihavenotimetowritetoyou.A.not,untilB.too,toC.so,thatD.neither,nor（）15.You’lldobetterinEnglish______youworkharder.A.orB.thanC.ifD.before（）16.Tomdidn’tgotoschoolyesterday______hewasill.A.butB.untilC.ifD.because（）17.LiHua______inthefactorysincesheleftschooltenyearsago.A.worksB.workedC.hasworkedD.hadworked（）18.I’mgoingtoHangzhouforaholidaythisweekend.________youarethere,canyoubuymesomegreentea?A.BecauseB.IfC.WhileD.After（）19.Whatshallwedo______itrainstomorrow?A.soB.ifC.butD.because（）20.Ifyou__himtomorrow,pleaseaskhimifhe___toworkonthefarmwithus.A.see,goesB.willsee,goesC.willsee,willgoD.see,willgo（）21.Theroomis______dirty______wedon’twanttostayhere.A.so,thatB.such,thatC.either,orD.as,as（）22._______he’sveryyoung,_______heknowsseverallanguages.A.Though,butB.Because,soC.Though,/D.Because,/（）23.Theywillhaveasportsmeetingifit______tomorrow.A.won’trainB.willrainC.doesn’trainD.rains（）24.Myparentswillgooutforanoutingwithmeifthey______freenextSunday.A.willbeB.areC.haveD.willhave（）25.We______XiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.A.knowB.hadknownC.haveknownD.knew（）26.Couldyouringmeupassoonashe______?A.arrivedB.wouldarriveC.arrivesD.willarrive（）27.We______TVwhenthetelephone________.A.watched,wasringingB.werewatching,rangC.watch,ringsD.arewatching,rang（）28.Kate______tobeduntilherfatherreturnedyesterdayevening.A.won’tgoB.doesn’tgoC.wentD.didn’tgo（）29.Ifthechild_______,pleasetelephonethepolice.A.foundB.isfoundC.wasfoundD.hasfound（）30.Ifyou______heretomorrow,I’llbedelighted.A.comesB.willcomeC.cameD.come（）31,I’mgoingtoHangzhouforaholidaythisweekend.______youarethere,canyoubuymesomegreentea.A,BecauseB,IfC,whileD,After（）32,Sheiskindtoherfriends.Shealwaystakesapresentwithher_____shevisitsherfriends.A,becauseB,tillC,thoughD,when（）33,Lookaftermylittlecat_______Iamout.A,thatB,whileC,whereD,when（）34,Mr.Greenhastaughtinthatsmalltown_______heleftCanadain1988.A,whenB,afterC,forD,since（）35,Ihaveknownhim________hewasalittleboy.A,whenB,sinceC,beforeD,after（）36hewasoutoftheroom,heturnedbackandknockedattheteacher’sdooragain.A,BeforeB,SinceC,AssoonasD,Until專題七：初中英語復(fù)合句總復(fù)習(xí)初中英語教材中涉及到的復(fù)合句主要有：TheObjectClause(賓語從句)、TheAdverbialClause(狀語從句)和TheAttributiveClause(定語從句)。其它諸如主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句等形式的復(fù)合句盡管在教材中也有出現(xiàn)，但在中考中沒有被列為重點(diǎn)考查范圍。一、TheObjectClause(賓語從句)賓語從句是英語中用來充當(dāng)賓語的句子。帶有賓語從句的那個句子叫主句。賓語從句一般由“引導(dǎo)詞+主語+謂語+其它”構(gòu)成，其語序是陳述句語序。Note:難點(diǎn)1.避免重復(fù)出現(xiàn)連接代詞或連接副詞；e.g.Ican’tseethatwhatisoverthere.（應(yīng)去掉that）2.從句中的語序?yàn)殛愂稣Z序；e.gDoyouknowhowoldisshe?(應(yīng)改為：…h(huán)owoldsheis)3.從句中的時態(tài)與主句時態(tài)前后呼應(yīng)。Shedidn’ttellmewhenshewillcome.(應(yīng)改為：whenshewouldcome)三、轉(zhuǎn)換：由連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句可用疑問代詞和疑問副詞＋動詞不定式替代，進(jìn)行句型上的轉(zhuǎn)換。e.g.I’venoideawhatwe’regoingtodonext.=I’venoideawhattodonext.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothepostoffice?=Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepostoffice?難點(diǎn)：賓語從句的時態(tài)主句中謂語動詞是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句中謂語動詞的時態(tài)不受限制，可根據(jù)具體情況選用適當(dāng)?shù)臅r態(tài)；主句謂語動詞是一般過去時，從句中也必須要用某種過去時態(tài)，以保持時態(tài)的前后呼應(yīng)。特別要注意的是當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是客觀真理、科學(xué)原理、自然現(xiàn)象、名言時，則用一般現(xiàn)在時，不受主句時態(tài)的限制。試比較：Hesaysthathewantstoseehimassoonaspossible.Hesaidthathewantedtoseehimassoonaspossible.Tomsaysthatheismendinghiscar.Tomsaidthathewasmendinghiscar.Theteachertoldusthattheearthgoesroundthesun.賓語從句中考題練兵：一、單項(xiàng)選擇()1.Idon’tthinkhewillcomehereontime,?(重慶)A.won’theB.willheC.doesheD.ishe()2.Willyoupleasetellme?(上海)A.wherePudongAirportisB.howfarPudongC.howcanwegettoPudongAirportD.whenwasPudongAirportbuilt()3.It’snotpolitetoaskpeopleinEngland.(常州)A.howmuchmoneyyouhavegotB.whattheweatherislikeC.whatyourcitylookslikeD.howoldareyou()4.Iwonderifhetonight.Ifhe,I’llletyouknow.(揚(yáng)州)A.willcome;willcomeB.comes;comesC.willcome;comesD.comes;willcome()5.Ican’tsayIwanttoseehimagain.Wehaven’tseeneachotherfornearlythreeyears.A.howlongB.howsoonC.howoftenD.howmuch()6.Mr.GreentoldmethatheonatripnextSunday.(通化)A.aregoingB.wasgoingC.willgoD.wouldgoing()7.OurgeographyteachertoldusthatJapantheeastofChina.(河北)A.isinB.wasinC.istoD.wasto()8.Nobodyknowshe’llcomeornot.(遼寧)A.thatB.ifC./D.whether二、按要求改寫句子1.“Doyouwanttotrysomethingnew?”Tom’smotheraskedhim.(改為復(fù)合句,句意不變)(濟(jì)南)Tom’smotheraskedhimtotrysomethingnew.2.Couldyoutellmethewaytothestation?(改寫句子,句意不變)(青島)Couldyoutellmetothestation?3.“Ihavefinishedmyhomework.”Johntoldme.(改為復(fù)合句,句意不變)(天津)Johntoldmethathomework.4