高考英語一輪話題復(fù)習(xí)人教全國版語法專題第四部分專題4

專題4主謂一致和特殊句式考向1主謂一致Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Fastfoodis(be)fulloffatandsalt；byeatingmorefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.(2017·全國Ⅰ)解析根據(jù)行文的時態(tài)可知，此處用一般現(xiàn)在時；句子的主語fastfood(快餐)是不可數(shù)名詞短語，故填be的第三人稱單數(shù)形式is。2.Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrowis(be)oftenacceptable.(2016·全國Ⅱ)解析本句的主語為動名詞短語leavingtheless...，動名詞短語作主語謂語要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，且這里說的是一個客觀事實(shí)，故要用is。Ⅱ.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)1.Hewouldaskwhoweeq\f(was,were)andpretendnottoknowus.(2016·浙江)解析who引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中主語是we，謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)。2.Hardworkeq\f(have,has)madehimveryill.(2013·遼寧)解析work為不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。3.Finally，thereeq\f(were,was)asuddenpullatthepoleandafishwascaught.(2013·陜西)解析Therebe句型中be動詞應(yīng)該與其后主語asuddenpull在數(shù)上保持一致?？枷?特殊句式Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Itcouldbeanything—gardening，cooking，music，sports—butwhateveritis，make(make)sureit’sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.(2016·全國Ⅱ)解析第二個破折號之后為but連接的并列句，whateveritis是讓步狀語從句，主句為祈使句，所缺詞是主句的謂語動詞，應(yīng)使用動詞原形。2.ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomethatIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeoneintrouble.(2015·湖南)解析分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，并且強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時間狀語，故用that。Ⅱ.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)1.Icouldn’tbelievemyluck—notonlydidIeq\f(had,have)myphototakenwithhim，buthesignedhisnameonmyshirt！(2011·陜西)解析考查倒裝句的謂語結(jié)構(gòu)，“did＋主語＋動詞原形”，故had應(yīng)改為have。2.Afterweleft，Isaid，“Thatwasveryniceofyou，Mother.ButIdidn’tthinkshelookedlikeGrandma.”“Neitherdideq\f(me,I)，”saidMothercheerfully.(2010·浙江)解析“neither＋助動詞＋主語”結(jié)構(gòu)中，主語應(yīng)該用主格形式，故me應(yīng)改為I?！糁髦^一致的核心考點(diǎn)1.就近一致原則(1)由or，notonly...butalso...，neither...nor...，either...or...，whether...or...，not...but...等連接兩個或兩個以上的并列主語時，通常根據(jù)“就近一致”原則，即謂語動詞要與離它最近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。NeitherhisparentsnorIamabletopersuadehimtochangehismind.(2)here/there引導(dǎo)一個句子而主語又不止一個時，通常根據(jù)“就近一致”原則，即謂語動詞要與離它最近的主語在數(shù)上保持一致。Hereisaruler，afewpencilsandtwocopybooks.2.意義一致原則(1)謂語動詞必須用單數(shù)的情況①表示學(xué)科的名詞以及works(工廠)，news(消息)等作主語時，雖然本身為復(fù)數(shù)形式，但表示單數(shù)意義，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Politicsishisfavoritesubject.②表示某些組織機(jī)構(gòu)的名詞、書/報(bào)名、國名、地名等作主語時，雖然形式上是復(fù)數(shù)，但所表示的意義是單數(shù)，所以謂語動詞用單數(shù)。DoyouknowwhentheUnitedNationswassetup?(2)謂語動詞必須用復(fù)數(shù)的情況表示總稱意義的名詞，如people，police，public，cattle等作主語時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Thepolicearesearchingforthemurderer.(3)謂語動詞的形式依據(jù)主語表示的意義而定①集體名詞，如family，class，group，team，club，pany，government，population等作主語時，謂語動詞的形式根據(jù)其在語境中表示的意義而定。當(dāng)其表示集體意義，強(qiáng)調(diào)整體概念時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)；當(dāng)其表示集體中各個組成部分，強(qiáng)調(diào)個體概念時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。AsfarasIknow，hisfamilyisnotverylargebutthefamilyareallmusiclovers.②“the＋形容詞/分詞”表示“一類人”時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Thepoorwerelookeddownuponintheolddays.3.語法一致原則(1)由and連接的兩個名詞作主語①“a/the＋名詞單數(shù)＋and＋名詞單數(shù)”表示一個人(雙重身份)，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Theteacherandpoetoftengiveslecturesaroundthecity.②“a/the＋名詞單數(shù)＋and＋a/the＋名詞單數(shù)”表示兩個人，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)。Theteacherandthepoethavejustarrived.③“every＋名詞單數(shù)＋and＋every＋名詞單數(shù)”表示每一個人，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Everyboyandeverygirlhastherighttoreceiveeducationinourcountry.④通常由兩個部件組成的物品如：aknifeandfork(一副刀叉)等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Breadandbutterisnottohistaste.(2)表示時間、數(shù)量、長度及價(jià)格的名詞，盡管有時是復(fù)數(shù)形式，但常被看作是一個整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Isfiftypoundsenough?(3)“分?jǐn)?shù)/百分?jǐn)?shù)＋of＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞的形式根據(jù)of后的名詞的形式來定，如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；如果名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。Two-thirdsofthebooksareaboutscience.Only30%oftheworkwasdoneyesterday.(4)主語為單數(shù)名詞或代詞，盡管后面跟有with，togetherwith，except，but，aswellas，ratherthan，besides，including等引起的短語，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式；若主語為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式。NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground.◆倒裝句的核心考點(diǎn)1.全部倒裝(1)在Therebe/seem/appear/live/stand/lie/fly/exist/remain等存在句中。Look，there’sthatbookshopIwastellingyouabout.(2)表示時間、地點(diǎn)和動作轉(zhuǎn)移的副詞，如here，there，now，then，up，down，in，away，out等置于句首，主語是名詞而不是代詞時，用完全倒裝。此時，句子多用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。Theregoesthephone.I’llanswerit.(3)such作表語置于句首時。SuchwasAlbertEinstein，asimplemanbutthe20thcentury’sgreatestscientist.(4)直接引語的全部或部分位于句首時?！癐fyoudie，whowillgetyourmoney？”askedHolmes.(5)表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語位于句首時。Inthecenterofthesquarestandsamonument.(6)為平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，或使上下文銜接緊密，而將作表語的介詞短語、形容詞、副詞或分詞提到句首，引起倒裝。GoneforeverarethedayswhentheChinesepeoplehadtouseforeignoil.2.部分倒裝在下列幾種情況下，只把助動詞、系動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。(1)little，never，not，seldom，neither，nor，hardly，rarely，nowhere，bynomeans，atnotime，undernocircumstances，innocase，onnocondition等表示否定意義的單詞或短語位于句首時。Littledoeshecareaboutwhatothersthink.(2)在not...until...，nosooner...than...，scarcely/hardly...when...，notonly...butalso...，neither...nor...等句式中。Neitherdoeshedrinknorsmoke.(3)當(dāng)only修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句位于句首時。OnlythendidIfindIhadmadeamistake.(4)在so/such...that...從句中，當(dāng)“so＋形容詞/副詞”或“such＋名詞”位于句首時。Soexhaustedwasshethatshewantedtohavearest.(5)當(dāng)表示前面所說的肯定情況也適用于另一個人或事物時，常用“so/as＋be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語”，表示“……也是……”。TimeshavechangedandsohaveI.(6)當(dāng)表示前面否定的內(nèi)容也適用于另一個人或事物時，常用“neither/nor＋be動詞/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞＋主語”，表示“……也不……”。Theycouldn’tunderstanditatthattime，andnorcouldwe.(7)省略if的虛擬條件句，把were，had，should提到主語前面。Haditnotbeenforyourhelp，weshouldn’thaveachievedsomuch.(8)as和though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。Tryasshemight，Suecouldn’tgetthedooropen.(9)“may＋動詞原形”表示祝愿，通常把may置于句首，構(gòu)成倒裝語序。Mayyousucceed!◆強(qiáng)調(diào)句的核心考點(diǎn)1.使用助動詞do，does和did對謂語動詞進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。Firstimpressionsreallydocount.2.運(yùn)用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型來強(qiáng)調(diào)除謂語動詞以外的其他句子成分。強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)為：Itis/was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that/who＋其他成分?？捎脕韽?qiáng)調(diào)句子的主語、賓語、狀語、表語、同位語等成分。在復(fù)習(xí)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型時，要注意以下幾個方面：(1)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中的主謂一致在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，當(dāng)對陳述句中的主語進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時，無論被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，主句中的謂語動詞都要用單數(shù)形式is/was，同時，that從句中的謂語動詞要與被強(qiáng)調(diào)的主語在人稱和數(shù)方面保持一致。Itismyparentsthat/whooftenhelpmegetoutoftrouble.(2)當(dāng)對地點(diǎn)狀語、時間狀語或其他狀語從句進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時，只能用連接詞that，而不能用where，when，why或how等。ItwasonAugust8,2008thatthe29thSummerOlympicGameswereopenedinBeijing.(3)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的疑問句強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的一般疑問句是“Is/Wasit＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他成分？”；強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句是“特殊疑問詞＋is/wasitthat＋其他成分？”。Wasitherfailingherexamthatmadeherparentsunhappy?Whenwasitthatshechangedhermind?(4)在對not...until...結(jié)構(gòu)中的until時間狀語或時間狀語從句進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)時，要將句中的not移至until之前，構(gòu)成：Itis/wasnotuntil...that...。注意that從句中的謂語動詞要變成肯定形式，而且不再采用倒裝語序。Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherdarkglasses.→ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.注意事項(xiàng)：1.如果由特殊疑問詞引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)在句中作賓語從句時，從句必須使用陳述語序，不可用疑問語序。Heaskedmewhoitwasthattookhisumbrellabymistake.2.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)中的反意疑問句式。在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)中，其反意疑問句的主語及助動詞必須與主句Itis/was...保持一致。ItisMarynotyouwhowantstoaskmeaboutthatmatter，isn’tit?3.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型結(jié)構(gòu)與定語從句的混合使用。在高考試題中，為了增加試題的難度，命題人常將強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與定語從句混合起來，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)更加復(fù)雜。我們要注意從語法角度來分析句子，理清結(jié)構(gòu)。ItwasonthefarmwhereweworkedthatIgottoknowher.4.強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與時間狀語從句的辨析。當(dāng)用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型強(qiáng)調(diào)時間狀語時，去掉“itis/was”和連詞“that”，原句仍然完整；而在時間狀語從句中，若去掉“itis/was”和連詞“when/before”，原句不完整。Itwasat14：28thattheterribleearthquakebrokeout.(強(qiáng)調(diào)句型)Itwas14：28whentheterribleearthquakebrokeout.(時間狀語從句)◆省略句的核心考點(diǎn)1.狀語從句中的省略由when，while，if，asif，although/though，as，until，once，whether，unless，where等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中，如果其謂語動詞為be，而從句的主語與主句的主語相同或從句的主語為it時，則從句的主語或it和be可省略。When(Iam)introuble，Ialwaysturntomyclassmatesforhelp.If(itis)possible，thismachinecanbefixedatonce.2.不定式的省略單獨(dú)使用不定式符號to代替不定式后被省略的動詞，常用在beafraid，expect，forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，refuse，try，want，wish等詞后；或放在表情緒的詞后，代替被省略的動詞，常見詞有：glad，happy，pleased等；但是，如果不定式中含有be，have，havebeen時，則要保留be，have，havebeen?！猈illyoupleaselookaftermyhousewhenI’maway?—I’mgladto.—Areyouasailor?—No.ButIusedtobe.Yourworkhasn’tbeenhandedin，butitoughttohavebeen.3.?？嫉膸讉€省略形式ifever，ifany，ifso，ifnecessary，ifnotbetter/worse/taller...than等。Pleasecorrectmymistakesifany.4.并列句中的省略并列句中的兩個對等句里的動詞相同時，后者的動詞可以省略。HeisgoingtoHongKong，buthisbrother(isgoing)toAmerica.Myroomisonthethirdfloorandhis，onthefifth.◆其他句式的核心考點(diǎn)1.感嘆句感嘆句常用來表示驚嘆、贊美、喜悅等語氣。常見句型：(1)What＋a/an＋形容詞＋單數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語?。紿ow＋形容詞＋a/an＋單數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語！(2)What＋(形容詞)＋不可數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋主語＋謂語！(3)How＋形容詞/副詞＋主語＋謂語！(4)How＋主語＋謂語！Whatastrangeplant(＝Howstrangeaplant)!I’veneverseenitbefore.這種植物真奇怪！我以前從未見過。Theshockingnewsmademerealizewhatterribleproblemswewouldface.這個驚人的消息使我意識到我們將面臨多么嚴(yán)重的問題。2.祈使句祈使句常用來表達(dá)命令、請求、禁止、建議、警告、勸告等。祈使句的主語一般是第二人稱you，但往往省略。祈使句的否定形式一般在動詞原形前加don’t，也可用副詞never構(gòu)成。祈使句的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式可以在句首加do。祈使句的常見句型：(1)祈使句＋and＋陳述句“如果……就……”(2)祈使句＋or/otherwise＋陳述句“……否則……”(3)名詞詞組(多含有more，another)＋and＋陳述句“如果再……就……”O(jiān)nemoreday，andI’llgeteverythingready.再多給我一天，我就會把一切準(zhǔn)備好。題組一主謂一致集訓(xùn)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Eitheryouortheheadmasteris(be)tohandouttheprizestothosegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.2.Theteacher，with6girlsand8boysofherclass，wasvisiting(visit)amuseumwhentheearthquakestruck.3.Twofifthsofthelandinthatdistrictis(be)coveredwithtreesandgrass.4.Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed，hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashed(wash)awayeachyear.5.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasbeen(be)awinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.Ⅱ.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)1.Thesingerandeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(the))danceraretoattendoureveningparty.或Thesingeranddancereq\f(are,is)toattendoureveningparty.2.Theyeacheq\f(has,have)anapple.3.Hejoinsthefootballteamwhoeq\f(is,are)allfamousfootballers.4.Dr.Smith，togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters，eq\f(are,is)goingtovisitBeijingthissummer.5.Asaresultoftheseriousflood，two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaeq\f(needs,need)repairing.6.Thosewhoeq\f(likes,like)tosingcanjoinus.題組二倒裝句集訓(xùn)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.NosoonerhadMoYansteppedonthestagethantheaudiencebrokeintothunderousapplause.2.Onlywiththegreatestofluckdidshemanagetoescapefromtherisingfloodwaterlastyear.3.Presentatthepartylastnightwere(be)MrGreenandmanyotherguests.4.Themomentthebellrang，outrushed(rush)thechildren.5.Hadhecaughtthemorningtrain，hewouldnothavebeenlateforthemeeting.6.NotuntilIcaughtsightofmyteacherinthecrowddidIcalmdown.Ⅱ.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)1.Whenweheardtheexcitingnews，therewassilencealloverthehallatfirst.Theneq\f(e,came)voicesofshouting.2.Soloudlyeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(did))hespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.3.Ifyoudon’tgotheretomorrow，neithereq\f(does,will)Tom.4.Hardeq\f(although,as/though)hetried，hewasunabletomakemuchprogress.5.Ican’tswimandeq\f(so,neither/nor)canKate.6.Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskyeq\f(made,make)sense.題組三強(qiáng)調(diào)句集訓(xùn)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Itwastheculture，ratherthanthelanguage，thatmadeithardforhimtoadapttothenewenvironmentabroad.2.WasitbecauseJackcamelateforschoolthatMrSmithgotangry?3.Totellyouthetruth，Tomdidtakemypenbymistakeyesterday，buthehassaidsorrytome.4.ItwasnotuntilIwenttherethatIbegantoknowsomethingaboutthematter.5.—Whywasitthatyouweresoangry?—Becausewefailedtotakepartinthebasketballmatch.Ⅱ.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)1.Itisonlywhenyourereadthepoemeq\f(which,that)youcanreallyappreciateit.2.Ireceivedhismother’stelephonecallateleven.Itwastheneq\f(when,that)Iknewthathewasbadlyhurtinatrafficaccidentyesterday.3.Itwaseq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(not))untilneartheendoftheletterthatshementionedherownplan.4.Afterhardeffortsweremade，thefamilydid或eq\f(managed,manage)tosendhimtoatechnicalschool.5.Whenwasiteq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(that))hemadeuphismindtotakethiscourse?題組四省略句集訓(xùn)Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Oneday，hecameupwithanideathathewouldpluckupallofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday.2.Filmhasamuchshorterhistory，especiallywhenpared(pare)tosuchartformsasmusicandpainting.3.Herparentswouldn’tallowhertogototheparty，butshestillhopesto.4.Make(make)gooduseoflearningresourcessuchasthewebsiteandlibrary，andyouwillmakegreatprogress.5.Youcan’timaginewhatdifficultywehadwalkinghomeinthesnowstorm.Ⅱ.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)1.Suchknowledgeisstillusefulwheneq\f(applying,applied)tosimilarsituationsinothercountries.2.eq\f(Stopping,Stop)criticizingyourchildrenlikethis，ortheywillrefusetotellyoutheirtruefeelings.3.ThoughI’mnotavolunteeranymore，Iusedtoeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(be))andI’vedonesomevoluntaryworkwithmyfriends.4.eq\f(What,How)differentlifetodayisfromwhatitwas20yearsago!5.Iwon’tgotothepartyevenifbeinginvited.Ⅲ.語法填空(特殊句式專練)Dealingwithhomelessfamilies1.is(be)onepartofmyjob.Itwasfromasinglemother2.thattheveryfirstcallIhadwas.Shewasweeping.NotuntilIpromisedtohelpher3.didshestopweeping.Afterbeingtoldthatshehadgotintoaterriblecaraccident，Ilearnedthataccidentmadeherloseherjob.Becauseofthis，shefellbehindwithherrent4.andshewasbeingforcedtoleaveherapartment.Shehadtopayfortherent.5.Ifnot，nowherecouldsheandhertwochildrengo.Havingexplainedthesituation，shestopped，saying，“I’msosorry！Thankyouforlettingmetellmystory.I’vetriedeveryshelterandchurchorganizationintheareabutnoone6.doeslistenorcare.”7.Whatanunfortunatething！Atthattimetherebeingnoopeningsforfamilyhousing，ItookhernumberdownandtoldherI’dcallherrightback.Later，hardly8.hadIfoundanopeningforafamilyinashelterinherareawhenIcalledherback.Shewasshockedwhen9.answering(answer)mycall.Shesaid，“Never10.didIreallyexpectyoutocallmeback.”Igaveherthegoodnewsandshestartedweepingagain.Butthistimetheyweretearsofhappinessandhope.

在書面表達(dá)中適當(dāng)引入特殊句式，可提高表達(dá)的層次，增強(qiáng)交際效果。但是學(xué)生在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中主要存在以下問題：1.主謂不一致eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(誤Yourfriendandadviserhaveagreedtolendme,somemoney.,正Yourfriendandadviserhasagreedtolendme,somemoney.))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(誤Manyascientisthavesacrificedtheirlivesfor,science.,正Manyascientisthassacrificedhislifeforscience.))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(誤MrWang，togetherwithhiswife，havegoneto,Australia.,正MrWang，togetherwithhiswife，hasgoneto,Australia.))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(誤Eachoftheboyshavetheirownbooks.,正Eachoftheboyshashisownbooks.))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(誤Theblindisnotabletowalkwithoutsticks.,正Theblindarenotabletowalkwithoutsticks.))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(誤Fiveyearshavepassedsincethen.,正Fiveyearshaspassedsincethen.))2.缺乏運(yùn)用意識語言輸出時，多用正常語序的簡單句、并列句等，而缺乏運(yùn)用特殊句式的意識。eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(簡單句堆積IamLiHua.Iamchairmanofthe,StudentUnion.IamfromChenguangHighSchool.,同位語IamLiHua，chairmanoftheStudent,Union，fromChenguangHighSchool.))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(一般表達(dá)Ididn’trealizeitsimportanceuntilIwas,chosenmonitorofmyclassinmyseniormiddleschool.,倒裝句NotuntilIwaschosenmonitorofmyclass,inmyseniormiddleschooldidIrealizeitsimportance.,強(qiáng)調(diào)句ItwasnotuntilIwaschosenmonitorofmy,classinmyseniormiddleschoolthatIrealizedits,importance.))3.運(yùn)用中出現(xiàn)語法錯誤eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(誤Onlyworkhardcanyouachieveyourgoal.,正Onlybyworkinghardcanyouachieveyourgoal.))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(誤Therehavesomeproblemsexistinourschool.,正Thereexistsomeproblemsinourschool.))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(誤Onlyafterthewarlearnedhethesadnews.,正Onlyafterthewardidhelearnthesadnews.))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(誤ItwasatmidnightwhenIgotbackhomeyesterday.,正ItwasatmidnightthatIgotbackhomeyesterday.,正ItwasmidnightwhenIgotbackhomeyesterday.))Ⅰ.單句語法填空(一)1.Tibetissuchaplaceasallthepeopleacrosstheworldaredreamingofvisiting.2.Toourastonishment，wesawalightandsomepeopleinacabin.JimwastoofrightenedtogoonbutIfeltcurious，wonderingwhatwashappening.3.Thoughithasbeenoneyearsincehecametothecity，heknowseverystreetherelikethebackofhishand.4.Thepoordoglayattheendofthedrivewayandhardlymoved.Iwasverysad，butdarednotsayanythingtomymother.5.Ifyouhappentogetlostinthewild，you’dbetterstaywhereyouareandwaitforhelp.6.ItissincesheleftChinathatJanehasbeenlivinginLondon.7.Manyyoungpeople，mostofwhomwerewell-educated，headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.8.Finally，keepinmindthattherearemanythingsthatcan’tbelearntimmediately，andneverbefrustratedwhenyoufailinoneortwoexams.9.InatalkatTsinghuaUniversityinBeijing，ZuckerbergspokeChineseforabout30minutes.Though/Although/WhilehisChinesewasfarfromperfect，thestudentscheeredhiseffort.10.Atthetopofthehilllies(lie)anoldcottagewhichhasawonderfulviewofthewholecity.11.SotouchingdidthesongsoundthatIcouldn’tholdmytearsbackwhenIhearditforthefirsttime.12.Thebooksonthedesk，whosecoversareshiny，areprizesforus.13.Successpartiallydependsonwhetheryouhavethepatiencetodosimplethingsperfectly.14.NooneinthedepartmentbutTomandIknows(know)thatthedirectorisgoingtoresign.15.Everydayread(read)aproverbaloudseveraltimesuntilyouhaveitmemorized.(二)16.IwillneverforgetsuchabeautifulvillagewhereIspentmychildhoodwithmygrandparents.17.Themostpleasantthingoftherainyseasonisthatonecanbeentirelyfreefromdust.18.Neverloseheartandyou’llmakeaquickadvanceinyourproject.19.Morethanonedoctorwas(be)involvedintherescuethattookplaceaftertheearthquake.20.Theretheymetpeoplefromotherpartsofthecountry，whohadalsovolunteeredtohelp.21.Recently，anewresearchhassuggestedthepossibilityinapopularmagazinethatpleasantsmellsmightreducepain.22.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyearsbeforeitispossibletotestthismedicineonpatients.23.Shesaysthatshe’llhavetoclosetheshopunlessbusinessimproves.24.Bobisinahopelesssituation，whichwewillkeepaverycloseeyeon.25.MrWhiteisopposedtorepairingtheoldbuilding，andthat’swhereIdon’tagree.Ⅱ.單句改錯(每小題僅有1處錯誤)(一)1.Everyonehasperiodsintheirliveseq\f(that,when)everythingseemsveryhard.2.It’sourhopeeq\f(what,that)thetwosideswillworktowardspeace.3.Mybrotherdoesn’tstudyveryhard，eq\f(and,but)healwaysgetsexcellentgrades.4.Astheproverbsays，“Wherethereeq\f(has,is)awill，there’saway.”5.Iwillneverforgetthedayoneq\f(that,which)wewenttobuyguitarsinaguitarstore.6.Thesalesgirldidn’tunderstandeq\f(that,what)theforeignerwassaying.7.Withlittlesleepandhardlyanybreak，soheworksfrommorningtillnight.8.eq\f(Reading,Read)thisstory，andyouwillrealizethatnoteverythingcanbeboughtwithmoney.或Readingthisstory，andyouwillrealizethatnoteverythingcanbeboughtwithmoney.9.TherearethreepeopleinmyfamilyandI’mtheonlychild，eq\f(who,which)isverymoninChinesefamilies.10.eq\f(That,It)isknowntousthatrespectforone’sparentsisoneofChinesetraditionalmoralvalues.11.Oncethedamageisdone，anditwilltakemanyyearsforthefarmlandtorecover.13.EverytimeIsawthestrawhat，anditremindedmeofthetourImadeyearsbefore.14.Ihaveahabitoftakingacoffee，whicheq\f(make,makes)mefeelenergeticwhenIhavetostayuplate.15.Theringtoneofsomepeoplesoundsverynoisyeq\f(but,and)unpleasant，especiallyinthecinema.(二)16.Mostimportantly，livingwithyourfriendswillimproveyourteamspirit，eq\f(that,which)willbebeneficialtoyourfuturecareer.17.eq\f(Following,Follow)theinstructionsonthepacketwhenyoutakethedrugandthedrug，Ithink，willworksoon.18.eq\f(What,That)hesuddenlyfellilllastweekmadeussurprised.19.Inspiteofthesedifficulties，butIbelievepracticemakesperfect.20.Goodnightandremember，you，deardiary，eq\f(is,are)myonlysouvenirfrommypastlifeandmyonlyfriend.21.Thenewseq\f(what,that)hediedinthebattlehasgonearoundinthevillage.22.Iwillstayonahealthfarmeq\f(which,where)Iwon’tbeabletoeatmuchandI’llhavetosticktomyregulardietforamonth.23.Thereisnodoubteq\f(whether,that)ourpanywillmakegreaterandgreatercontributionstothedevelopmentofJinan.24.Furthermore，wecan’toverlookthefacteq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(that))itmustbeoperatedwithaphoneandanetwork.25.Westoodaroundhimandwatchedattentively，aftereq\f(that,which)westartedtotrybyourselves.或Westoodaroundhimandwatchedattentively，eq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(and))afterthatwestartedtotrybyourselves.Ⅲ.語法填空(2018·江西贛州十四縣(市)期中聯(lián)考)Oneday，abouttenyearsago，while1.working(work)attheca