2024-2025學年浙江Z20名校聯盟高三第一次聯考英語試題（解析版）

高中英語試卷浙江Z20名校聯盟2024-2025學年高三第一次聯考英語試題第Ⅰ卷(選擇題部分)第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)：(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Buyanewrefrigerator. B.Cleantherefrigerator. C.Havetherefrigeratorfixed.【答案】C【原文】M:I’mnoexpert.Butthatnoiseinyourrefrigeratordoesn’tsoundgood.Maybeyoushouldcallandhaveitcheckedout.W:You’reright.AndIsupposeI’veputitofflongenough.2.Whatdoesthemanplantodotomorrow?A.Havearest. B.Attendameeting. C.Watchamatch.【答案】B【原文】W:TakethemedicineandI’msureyouwillgetwellagaininacoupleofhours.M:Ihopeso.OrIwon’tbeabletotakepartinthemeetingabouttomorrow’sbasketballmatch.3.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Angry. B.Disappointed. C.Excited.【答案】B【原文】M:Honey,I’mhome.W:Didyouremembertobuythetickets?M:Well,Iremember,buttheyweresoldout.W:Ohno.Iwasreallylookingforwardtotheplay.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Sheisn’tfeelingwell. B.Shelikesgymnasticsalot. C.Sheisunabletojointheteam.【答案】C【原文】M:Ifyouareinterestedingymnastics,theuniversityhasanoutstandingteam.W:Ican’tevenclimbthestairswithouthavingtostopandcatchmybreath.5.Whendoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inthemorning. B.Atnoon. C.Intheafternoon.【答案】A【原文】W:Haveyougivenoutyourmonthlyreportyet?M:No,Ihaven’t.Iwasplanningtogiveitoutthisafternoon.W:Pleasedoitassoonaspossible.Themonthlyreportissupposedtobegivenoutbeforelunchhour.M:I’msorry.Ididn’tknowthat.I’lldoitrightaway.第二節(jié)：(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間，每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.WhatdoweknowaboutCaroline?A.Shedoesballetexercises. B.Sherunsastudio. C.Sheisadancer.7.Wheredoesthemanprefertoexercise?A.Inagym. B.Inapark. C.Inastudio.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】M:Wow!Youlookamazing,Caroline!W:Thanks!I’vebeentakingballetclasses.Theexercisesareverychallenging.Theyhavehelpedmegetintogreatshape.M:Ididn’tknowyouwereadancer.W:Oh,I’mnot.Butthere’sastudionearmyhousethatletsregularpeopletakeclassesanddoballetexercises.Ithelpsthestudiomakemoney,anditgivesusachancetogetfit.M:Arethereonlywomenintheclasses?W:No,therearemen,too.Doyouwanttocomewithmesometime?M:No,thanks.Ipreferrunninginthepark.Thesunshineandfreshairaregoodforme.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Schoolmates. B.Teacherandstudent. C.Waiterandcustomer.9.WhatdoesthemanusuallydoonTuesdayafternoons?A.Hetakesclasses. B.Heworkspart-time. C.Hegoestolibrary.10.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.OnTuesday. B.OnThursday. C.OnFriday.【答案】8.A9.A10.C【原文】M:Hey,Marina!How’sitgoing?W:Great!It’snicetoseeyou.How’syourschoolgoing?M:Oh,fine.Butit’stoobusy.I’mtakingfourclasses,butI’malsoworkingintheStudentUnionCafeteria.IworkthereMondaythroughFridayfrom6:00amto8:30am.W:Yousoundbusy.Doyouhavetimetogettogetherandhavecoffee?IcometotheuniversityformyclassesonTuesdayandThursdayafternoons.M:I’dloveto.Ifinishworkatnoon,butthenIhaveclasses.W:Oh.WhataboutFriday?Isometimescometousethelibrary.DoyouhaveclassesintheafternoononFriday?M:No.Wecangettogetherthenandcelebratetheendoftheweek.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.WhydoesElizabethlookworriedtoday?A.Herwalletwasgone. B.Shedidn’tgethervisa. C.Shegotlostinthetheater.12.WhathasElizabethdone?A.She’scontactedthetheater. B.She’sputanadinChinaDaily. C.She’sturnedtothepoliceforhelp.13.WhatwillthemandoforElizabeth?A.Treathertobreakfast. B.Callhisuncle. C.Lendsomemoneytoher.【答案】11.A12.C13.B【原文】M:Hello,Elizabeth.Howareyou?Youlookabitworriedtoday.W:Well,thereissomethingwrongactually.Perhapsyoucangivemesomeadvice.LastnightwhenIreturnedfromthetheater,IfoundthatIlostmywallet.M:Ohdear!Whatwasinyourwallet?W:Somemoney,ofcourse,myvisa,allmyidentitycardsandsomephotos.M:Well,ifIwereyou,I’dgotothepolicestationstraightawayandreportit.W:Yes.I’vealreadydonethat,andtheysaidthey’dlookforit.Butwe’releavingsoonandIneedmyvisaandidentitycardbadly.M:IthinkyoushouldputanadvertisementinChinaDaily,sayingwhenandwhereyoulostit.W:Butthattakestoolong.M:Waitaminute!Myunclelivesveryclosetothetheater.I’lltelephonehimandaskhimtogotheretoinquireaboutit.You’dbetterhavebreakfastnowandI’llmeetyoulater.W:Oh,thankyou.Ihopehefindsit.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatdoesthewomanwanttodofirst?A.Touraroundthecity. B.BookticketstoAmsterdam. C.ReserveahotelonGotherstreet.15.Whatisthewoman’sexpectationofthehotel?A.Itwon’tcostmuch. B.It’scleanandgreen. C.It’sclosetotheshoppingmalls.16.WhatdoweknowabouttheRoyalFactory?A.It’sstate-owned. B.Itproducesgreatsilk. C.Itwasbuilt100yearsago.17.Whydothespeakerscometothecity?A.Totakeavacation. B.Togoonbusiness. C.Tovisitafriend.【答案】14.A15.C16.B17.A【原文】M:Wow!Whatagreatcity!It’sasbeautifulasAmsterdam.W:IthinkI’mgoingtolikeit,too.Canwejustdrivearoundbeforewecheckintoahotel?M:Sure.WhileinAmsterdam,IphonedaheadtomakereservationsinonehotelonGotherStreet.It’sinthecenterofthecity.W:Good!Ihopeit’snottoofarfromtheshoppingdistrict.Ididn’tbuythatmuchinAmsterdam,soIhavesomeextramoneytospendhere.M:Lookatalltheparks.It’swonderfultoseehowcleanandgreentheseEuropeancitiesare.Andlook!There’stheRoyalFactory.W:Whataboutit?M:Theroyalfamilyownsit.Ithasbeenmakingworld-classsilkforhundredsofyears.W:Isee.Andwhat’soverthere?Lookatallthepeople!M:That’stheCentralStationnexttoCentralGarden.TheCentralGardenisfamousaroundtheworldasanamusementpark.W:Willwehavetimetogothere?M:Ofcourse!We’reonvacation,remember?聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Whatisthespeaker?A.Anarchitect. B.Ahostess. C.Atourguide.19.WhatisuniqueaboutMichealJackson’shome?A.Therearesixcars. B.Itofferscoursesinsports. C.Variousanimalslivethere.20.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutMichealJackson?A.Hishomebroughthimfame. B.Hisprivatelifewaswellknown. C.Hedeservedhiswonderfulhome.【答案】18.B19.C20.C【原文】W:WelcometoFantasticHomesoftheRichandFamous!Inthisprogramwewillexplorethebeautifulhomesoffamouspeoplefromallaroundtheworld.Today,wearelookingatthehomeofthelateMichaelJackson.MichaelJackson’shomeiscalledNeverlandRanch.Itisahomelikenoother.Ithasallthethingsthateverystar’shomeshouldhave:asix-cargarage,ahugebasketballcourt,andagolfcourse.Whatmakesitspecialisthatitisalsohometotwenty-sevendifferenttypesofanimals,andtherearetonsofridesandgames.Jacksonbelievedthathishomeshouldbeaplaceforkidstohavefunandrelax.Therearealsomanygreatplacesforadults,includingahugeballroom,aspaceformusicandart,andalargetheater.Jackson’shomewasmainlyaplaceforhimtoescapefromhisfameandrelaxbyhimselfandwithfriends.Hewantedtobuildhisownprivateworldtoenjoyandhecertainlymanagedtodothat.Afterall,MichaelJacksonwastheKingofPop,andhedeservedtoliveinaniceplace.第二部分：閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)：(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AJoinusonajourneyofdiscoverythissummeratTheNewYorkPublicLibrary!Discoverfreeprogramsforkids,teensandadults.SkillsfortheWorkplaceTeensreviewprofessionalworkplaceskillstopreparefortheirentryintotheworkforce.We’llreflectonchallengingworksituations,discusshowtorespondtothem,andlearnaboutresourcesavailableforsupport.Date:Wednesday,July10Location:ParkchesterLibraryAudience:Teens/YoungAdultsAdultArtWorkshopJoinusforabasicpaintingusingwatercolorsorcoloringpencils.Coloringpromoteswellness,andalsostimulatesbrainareasrelatedtomotorskills,thesenses,andcreativity.Allmaterialswillbeprovided.NoRegistrationrequired.Date:Monday,August12Location:CastleHillLibraryAudience:AdultsSTEAMCraftsandChatLearnhowto3Dprintyourowndesigns,expressyourcreativitythroughdrawingandpainting,makejewelrybyhand,andmoreatourweeklySTEAMCraftsandChatworkshop.Firstcome,firstserved.Date:Wednesday,September4Location:HarryBelafonteLibraryAudience:Teens/YoungAdultsFamilyStorytimeJoinusforsongs,rhymes,andfavoriteread-aloudbooksinthisstorytimethat’sfunforthewholefamily.Foryoungchildrenofallages.Idealforcaregiverswithmultiple-agedchildren.Date:Friday,September6Location:RiverdaleLibraryAudience:Pre-schoolersIfyouhaveanyquestionsabouttheeventslistedabove,pleasecontactthebranchformoreinformation.SeehereforserviceupdatesattheLibrary.21.Whichbranchlibraryshouldteenschooseiftheywanttopracticeessentialjobskills?A.ParkchesterLibrary. B.CastleHillLibrary.C.HarryBelafonteLibrary. D.RiverdaleLibrary.22.WhatcanparticipantsdointheprogramSTEAMCraftsandChat?A.Designa3Dprinter. B.DIYhand-madejewelry.C.Learntoserveothers. D.ExploretheNewYorkcity.23.Whatdotheprogramshaveincommon?A.Theyaretargetedatteenagers. B.Theyarefreeofcharge.C.Theyareavailableallsummer. D.Theyneedtoberegisteredinadvance.【答案】21.A22.B23.B【語篇解讀】本文為一篇應用文。文章介紹了紐約公共圖書館的幾個免費項目?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章SkillsfortheWorkplace中的“Teensreviewprofessionalworkplaceskillstopreparefortheirentryintotheworkforce.(青少年復習職場技能，為進入職場做準備。)”以及“Location:ParkchesterLibrary(地點：帕克切斯特圖書館)”可知，帕克切斯特圖書館，能夠練習必要的職業(yè)技能。故選A?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章STEAMCraftsandChat中“Learnhowto3Dprintyourowndesigns,expressyourcreativitythroughdrawingandpainting,makejewelrybyhand,andmoreatourweeklySTEAMCraftsandChatworkshop.(了解如何3D打印自己的設計，通過繪畫和涂鴉表達你的創(chuàng)造力，手工制作珠寶，以及更多活動，都在我們每周舉辦的STEAM工藝與交流工作坊中。)”可知，在這里能自己動手制作的手工珠寶。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第一段“JoinusonajourneyofdiscoverythissummeratTheNewYorkPublicLibrary!Discoverfreeprogramsforkids,teensandadults.(今年夏天，加入我們在紐約公共圖書館的探索之旅！發(fā)現為孩子們、青少年和成年人提供的免費項目。)”可知，這些項目都是免費的。故選B。BGrowingupasakidintheUK,Iwasfascinatedbyinsects.Wantingtoprotectthem,Istartedbuildinghousesforants,usinglittlepiecesofwoodandleaves.Ithenmovedontomakinglittlecupsandsaucersfromsilverfoil(箔紙)forthemagicalcreatures.Whenseeingmywork,mymothertoldmethatthesmallerImadethings,thebiggermynamewouldbecome.Astheyearswentby,mydesignsbecamemorecomplicated.Makingsculpturesisn’tactuallyenjoyable.Isometimesworkfor16hoursadaywithoutbreaks,andittakesmeuptothreemonthstofinishasculpture.Ihavetoholdmybreathduringthesculptingprocess.Onetime,aflylandedonaCinderellacarriagesculptureIwasworkingon.Thefly’swingsblewitaway,anditwaslost.Iwasheartbroken.Anothertime,IaccidentallybreathedinamicroscopicAlicefromAliceinWonderland.AliceisnowintheWonderlandforever.Butitdidgivemethechancetomakeanevenbetteronethesecondtimearound.Mysculptureshavetakenmetoincredibleplaces.In2012,Imetthequeen,givingheracrownontheheadofapin.In2013,IreceivedmyfirstGuinnessWorldRecordforcreatingthesmallestsculpturebyhand,a24-caratgoldmotorbikethatfittedinsideahair.In2017,Ibeatmyrecordwithasculptureofahumanfetus(胎兒)thatmeasured0.078mmby0.053mm.Iwasdiagnosedwithautism(自閉癥)asanadult.Inschool,myteachershadpointedmeoutasanexampleoffailure;now,Iseemyautismasagift.It’spushedmetobethebestIcanbe.Iholdworkshopsinschoolsforneurodiversechildren,sharingmystoryandhelpingthemcreatetheirownminiaturefigures.Themicroscopicworldhasalwaysbeenmyhappyplace.I’vetriedtomakebiggersculptures,butsmallisbestforme.Weneedtoappreciatethelittlethingsinlife.Smallthingscanalsobemighty,too.24.Whatdrovetheauthortomaketinysculptureatthebeginning?A.Hisinterestininsects. B.Hisdesiretomakeaname.C.Hisdreamofsettingarecord. D.Hisawarenessofwildlifeprotection.25.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’ssculptingprocess?A.Eventfulandenjoyable. B.Complexandfrustrating.C.Money-wastingbutentertaining. D.Time-consumingbutfulfilling.26.Howdoestheauthordealwithhisautismnow?A.Hereceivesmedicaltreatment. B.Hetakesfulladvantageofit.C.Heregardsitasthesourceoffailure. D.Hesharesitandaskshelpfromothers.27.Whatmessagedoestheauthormainlyconveythroughthetext?A.Greatartcomesatacostofloss. B.Childhoodexperiencessculptacareer.C.Minorthingsinlifecancarryweight. D.Hardworkcontributestogreatachievements.【答案】24.A25.D26.B27.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者利用自己的自閉癥來讓自己變得更好的故事。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“GrowingupasakidintheUK,Iwasfascinatedbyinsects.Wantingtoprotectthem,Istartedbuildinghousesforants,usinglittlepiecesofwoodandleaves.(我小時候在英國長大，對昆蟲很著迷。為了保護它們，我開始用小塊木頭和樹葉為螞蟻建造房屋)”可知，對昆蟲的興趣驅使作者在一開始制作雕塑作品。故選A。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段“Isometimesworkfor16hoursadaywithoutbreaks,andittakesmeuptothreemonthstofinishasculpture.(我有時一天工作16個小時，不間斷地工作，完成一件雕塑需要3個月的時間)”；第三段“Butitdidgivemethechancetomakeanevenbetteronethesecondtimearound.(但它確實給了我第二次做一個更好的機會)”以及第四段“In2017,Ibeatmyrecordwithasculptureofahumanfetus(胎兒)thatmeasured0.078mmby0.053mm.(2017年，我用一個0.078毫米乘0.053毫米的人類胎兒雕塑打破了我的記錄)”可知，作者的雕刻過程耗時但令人有成就感。故選D。【26題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據倒數第二段“Inschool,myteachershadpointedmeoutasanexampleoffailure;now,Iseemyautismasagift.It’spushedmetobethebestIcanbe.(在學校里，我的老師把我當作失敗的例子；現在，我把我的自閉癥看作是一份禮物。它促使我成為最好的自己)”可知，作者充分利用了自己自閉癥。故選B。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Weneedtoappreciatethelittlethingsinlife.Smallthingscanalsobemighty,too.(我們需要欣賞生活中的小事。小事情也可以是強大的)”可知，作者通過文章想表達的是生活中的小事也很有分量。故選C。CHere’saquickquiz.PersonAdoesafavorforyou.PersonBasksyoutodoafavorforhim.Whodoyoutendtolikemore?Surprisingly,theanswerisPersonB.Thisquirk(怪癖)ofhumannatureisknownastheBenFranklinEffect.BenjaminFranklincameacrossthephenomenonin1736whenservingasaclerktothePennsylvaniaAssembly.Apowerfulmemberdidn’tcareforFranklinandthreatenedtomakelifemiserableforhim.Whattodo?Insteadofwinninghimoverwithsweettalk,Franklinaskedifhecouldborrowarareandvaluablebookthemanowned.Thisrequestalteredtheman’sattitudeandpavedthewayfortheirfriendship.Franklin’stakeaway:“Hethathasoncedoneyouakindnesswillbereadytodoyouanother,thanhewhomyouyourselfhaveobliged.”Severalstudieshaveconfirmedthis.ButhowcanweexplaintheBenFranklinEffect?Somepsychologistsrefertocognitivedissonance(失調).It’sdifficulttoholdtwocontradictorythoughtsatthesametime.Itmakesusuncomfortable.Weresolvethistensionbychangingourmind.“Idon’tlikeJoe,butIamdoinghimafavor,”wemightthink.“SomaybeIdolikehim.”Whilecognitivedissonanceexplainsalot,italonedoesn’texplaintheBenFranklinEffect.One2015studyfoundthatitwas,rather,theaffiliative(親和的)motivethattherequestsconvey.Thatis,wehumanswanttomaintaingoodrelationswithotherhumans,andonewaytoachievethisisbydoingfavorsforothers.Thisexplainsalotaboutaltruisticbehavior.Welikebeingusefuland,byextension,welikethosewhogiveustheopportunitytodoso.It’sinourgenes.Yetthereismuchwestilldon’tknowabouttheBenFranklinEffect.Doesitapplyequallyacrosscultures?Isthereapointbeyondwhichaskingafavormakesyouless,notmorelikable?Askingtoborrowabookisonething;askingtoborrowacarisanother.28.WhydoestheauthormentionBenjaminFranklin’sexperience?A.Toillustrateadilemmainmakingchoices. B.Tosuggestawayofstrikingupfriendships.C.Tostresstheimportanceofstrategicrequests. D.TointroducetheoriginoftheBenFranklinEffect.29.Whatisareasonforpeople’stendencytolikethoseaskingforfavors?A.Reducingthetensioncausedbysocialcontact.B.Increasingthechanceofgettinghelpinreturn.C.Avoidingthediscomfortfromconflictingthoughts.D.Establishingacooperativecommunityofsharedtrust.30.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“altruistic”probablymeaninparagraph4?A.Selfless. B.Impolite. C.Aggressive. D.Responsible.31.WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheBenFranklinEffect?A.Itmakeslittlesense. B.Itappliestomostcultures.C.Ithassituationallimitations. D.Ithasgreatpracticalsignificance.【答案】28.D29.C30.A31.C【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章介紹了本·富蘭克林效應?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段的“Surprisingly,theanswerisPersonB.Thisquirk(怪癖)ofhumannatureisknownastheBenFranklinEffect.(令人驚訝的是，答案是B型這種人性的怪癖被稱為本·富蘭克林效應。)”和第二段的“BenjaminFranklincameacrossthephenomenonin1736whenservingasaclerktothePennsylvaniaAssembly.Apowerfulmemberdidn’tcareforFranklinandthreatenedtomakelifemiserableforhim.Whattodo?Insteadofwinninghimoverwithsweettalk,Franklinaskedifhecouldborrowarareandvaluablebookthemanowned.Thisrequestalteredtheman’sattitudeandpavedthewayfortheirfriendship.Franklin’stakeaway:“Hethathasoncedoneyouakindnesswillbereadytodoyouanother,thanhewhomyouyourselfhaveobliged.”(本杰明·富蘭克林(BenjaminFranklin)在1736年擔任賓夕法尼亞州議會書記員時遇到了這種現象。一個有權有勢的成員不喜歡富蘭克林，并威脅要讓他的生活很痛苦。該怎么辦？富蘭克林沒有用甜言蜜語來說服他，而是問他是否可以借他擁有的一本珍貴的書。這個請求改變了男人的態(tài)度，為他們的友誼鋪平了道路。富蘭克林的結論是：“曾經善待過你的人，會比你所善待的人更愿意為你做另一件事。”)”可推斷，作者提到本杰明·富蘭克林的經歷為了介紹“本杰明·富蘭克林效應”的起源。故選D?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段的“Somepsychologistsrefertocognitivedissonance(失調).It’sdifficulttoholdtwocontradictorythoughtsatthesametime.Itmakesusuncomfortable.(一些心理學家稱之為認知失調。同時持有兩種相互矛盾的思想是很難的。這讓我們感到不舒服。)”

可知，人們傾向于喜歡尋求幫助的人是因為認知失調，即避免持有矛盾的想法帶來的不適。故選C。【30題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞前文“One2015studyfoundthatitwas,rather,theaffiliative(親和的)motivethattherequestsconvey.Thatis,wehumanswanttomaintaingoodrelationswithotherhumans,andonewaytoachievethisisbydoingfavorsforothers.(2015年的一項研究發(fā)現，更確切地說，這是請求所傳達的親和動機。也就是說，我們人類希望與他人保持良好的關系，而實現這一目標的一種方式就是幫助他人。)”以及下文“Welikebeingusefuland,byextension,welikethosewhogiveustheopportunitytodoso.It’sinourgenes.(我們喜歡成為有用的人，推而廣之，我們喜歡那些給我們這樣做機會的人。這是我們的基因。)”可推斷，劃線詞所在句說明人類希望通過幫助他人來保持良好的關系，這解釋了無私的行為，因此推斷畫線詞與selfless“無私的”意思相近。故選A。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“Yetthereismuchwestilldon’tknowabouttheBenFranklinEffect.Doesitapplyequallyacrosscultures?Isthereapointbeyondwhichaskingafavormakesyouless,notmorelikable?Askingtoborrowabookisonething;askingtoborrowacarisanother.(然而，我們對本·富蘭克林效應還有很多不了解的地方。它在不同文化中都適用嗎？有沒有一個點，超過了這個點，請求別人幫忙會讓你更不討人喜歡，而不是更討人喜歡？借書是一回事；向別人借車是另一回事。)”可知，作者認為本·富蘭克林效應有情境限制。故選C。DAtonetime,ourgrowingpopulationwasseenascentraltowildlifeextinction,resourceexhaustion,pollutionandenvironmentaldestruction.Buttoday,ourconcernsshifttodecliningbirthratesduetoincreasedreproductivechoiceforwomen.Thisisapositivedevelopment,butisoftendescribedasa“crisis”inthemedia,highlightingeconomicandseniorcarechallenges.Lostintheconversationarethemanypositiveaspectsofanagingsociety,whichistheresultofpeoplelivinghealthierandlongerlives,andcommon-senserealitieslikereducedneedsforinfrastructure(基礎設施)andlowerecologicalimpacts.Alsolostisthefactthatourpopulationstillgrowsby80millionpeopleeveryyear.Andtheconsequencesofhighbirthratesaresevere.Amongthemisglobalwarming.Infact,increasedemissions(排放)frompopulationgrowthhavecanceledmorethanthreequartersoftheemissionssavedthroughenergyefficiencyandrenewablesoverthepastthreedecades.Yet,nomatterhowwelldocumentedthelinkbetweenpopulationandclimate,loweringourpopulationisnotablyabsentfromtheconversationonsolutions.Instead,thefocusisontechnologythatwillsupposedlyallowourentiregrowingpopulationtoenjoytheenergy-intensivelifestylesnowenjoyedbytherich,andwithnoclimateimpacts.But“green”technologyisnotthesolutionitisadvertisedtobe.Itsexpansiontothedegreeneededtopoweragrowingpopulationatadecentstandardoflivingwoulditselfrequireashockinginvestmentinfossil(化石)fuels.Italsorequiresmassiveminingoperations,manyofwhichtakeplaceonthebacksoflow-wageworkersinAfricawhereitisdrivingdestructionofrainforestscriticaltothesurvivalofgreatapes.Besides,itrequires10timesthelandareaasfossilfuelplantsforthesameamountofenergygenerated.Whenglobalwarmingthreatenstopushbillionsintounsafetemperatures,itisnotimetopanicthatweareaddingfewertothosebillions.Infact,decliningbirthratesshouldbecauseforcelebrationastheysignifyadvancesingenderequalityandareducedburdenonEarth.32.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Theglobalpopulationisdecreasingeveryyear.B.Thebenefitsofanagingsocietyareoverlooked.C.Theecologicalenvironmentisturningforthebetter.D.Themediamakeupmisleadingnewsaboutthepopulation.33.Whatishighlightedasadisadvantageofhighbirthrates?A.Reducedinfrastructureneeds. B.Challengesinseniorcareservices.C.Aslowdownineconomicgrowth. D.Increasedgreenhousegasemissions.34.Whyis“green”technologyquestionedinthetext?A.Itdoesdamagetotheecosystem. B.Itisnotpopulararoundtheworld.C.Itisunaffordableforpoorregions. D.Ithaslittleeffectonreducingpollution.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.AgingSocieties:AGlobalCrisis B.TheMysteryof“Green”TechnologyC.TheTrendofPopulationGrowth D.DecliningBirthRates:AHopefulSign【答案】32.B33.D34.A35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是人口高出生率的危害以及出生率降低帶來的積極影響。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段中的“Thisisapositivedevelopment,butisoftendescribedasa“crisis”inthemedia,highlightingeconomicandseniorcarechallenges.(這是一個積極的發(fā)展，但媒體經常將其描述為“危機”，強調經濟和老年人護理方面的挑戰(zhàn)。)”以及下文中介紹的人口老齡化帶來的積極影響被人們忽略的事實可知，在第二段我們了解到的是老齡化社會的好處被人們忽略。故選B項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段中的“Andtheconsequencesofhighbirthratesaresevere.Amongthemisglobalwarming.(高出生率的后果是嚴重的。其中之一就是全球變暖。)”以及下文中介紹的高出生率導致排放量增加的情況可知，高出來率的缺點是造成溫室氣體排放增加。故選D項。【34題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第五段中的“Itsexpansiontothedegreeneededtopoweragrowingpopulationatadecentstandardoflivingwoulditselfrequireashockinginvestmentinfossil(化石)fuels.Italsorequiresmassiveminingoperations,manyofwhichtakeplaceonthebacksoflow-wageworkersinAfricawhereitisdrivingdestructionofrainforestscriticaltothesurvivalofgreatapes.(它的擴張要達到為不斷增長的人口提供體面生活所需的程度，本身就需要對化石燃料(化石)進行驚人的投資。它還需要大規(guī)模的采礦作業(yè)，其中許多是在非洲的低工資工人的支持下進行的，這正在破壞對類人猿生存至關重要的熱帶雨林。)”可知，“綠色”技術的擴張需要對化石燃料進行大量投資，大規(guī)模的釆礦作業(yè)，破壞了對類人猿生存至關重要的熱帶雨林，由此可知，“綠色”技術被質疑的原因是它破壞了生態(tài)環(huán)境。故選A項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據全文內容及最后一段中“Infact,decliningbirthratesshouldbecauseforcelebrationastheysignifyadvancesingenderequalityandareducedburdenonEarth.(事實上，出生率下降應該是值得慶祝的，因為它們標志著性別平等的進步和地球負擔的減輕)”可知，本文主要討論了出生率下降的積極意義，所以D選項“出生率下降：一個充滿希望的跡象”概括全文主題，適合作為最佳標題。故選D項。第二節(jié)：(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhyarePoliceOfficersCalledCops?Policeofficersareoftenreferredtoascops.____36____Somearguethetermisshortenedfrom“copper”andcomesfromcopperbadges(徽章)wornbyapoliceman.Otherssaythatitstandsfor“ConstabularyofPolice”.Generalagreementonthewordoriginsof“cop”,however,suggeststhatthetermisbasedmoreonthepoliceman’sjobthanonhisclothingorjobtitle.InLatin,theverbcaperecanbedefinedas“tocapture.”InFrench,theverbiscaper.“Tocop”inEnglishistoseizeortotake.____37____SomealsobelievethattheDutchwordkapen,whichalsolooselytranslatesto“tostealortake”,isrelatedtopolicemenbeingcalledcoppersorcops.Essentially,thepoliceforcewastheretotakecriminalsoffthestreets.____38____AndsinceAmericanEnglishespeciallydrawsfromGerman,French,andLatin,thespecificlanguageoriginofkapenorcaperecreatesareadypathtotheterm“cop”.____39____Anditisnolongerconsideredrude.However,certainothertermsforpoliceofficersaredefinitelyunwelcome.WhileBritishPolicemightnotmindbeingcalled“bobbies”,nopolicemembersliketobereferredtoas“pigs”orthe“fuzz”.Somedon’tmindthetermthe“heat”asappliedtothewholepoliceforce,butthepoliceforcedoesnotgenerallytakekindlytotermsgiventothembycriminals.Theterm“cop”isinsuchcommonusagenowthatashowdocumentingtheirworkonthejobiscalledCops.EventhoughJ.EdgarHooveroncehighlyobjectedtotheterm,itisnowfinetorefertoapolicemanorapolicewomanasacop.____40____A.Thetermisslightlylessfamiliartopeople.B.So,theLatin,Dutch,andFrenchtermsareallsimilar.C.Thesewordsdefinesomeofwhatapoliceofficerdoes.D.Theprofessionofapoliceofficerwasnotrespectedthen.E.Buttheoriginsofthisnicknamearesomethingofadebate.F.However,theterm“policeofficer”isgenerallymostcorrect.G.Todayitisappropriatetocallmembersofthepoliceforcecops.【答案】36.E37.C38.B39.G40.F【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。文章講述了警察為什么被稱為cops的由來。【36題詳解】根據下文“Somearguethetermisshortenedfrom“copper”andcomesfromcopperbadges(徽章)wornbyapoliceman.Otherssaythatitstandsfor“ConstabularyofPolice”.(一些人認為這個詞是“copper”的縮寫，來自警察佩戴的銅徽章。也有人說它代表“警察總隊”。)”可知，關于“cop”這個昵稱的起源存在爭議。因此推斷E項“但這個綽號的起源卻存在爭議?！狈险Z境。故選E?！?7題詳解】根據上文“Generalagreementonthewordoriginsof“cop”,however,suggeststhatthetermisbasedmoreonthepoliceman’sjobthanonhisclothingorjobtitle.InLatin,theverbcaperecanbedefinedas“tocapture.”InFrench,theverbiscaper.“Tocop”inEnglishistoseizeortotake.(然而，關于“cop”一詞起源的普遍共識表明，這個詞更多地是基于警察的工作，而不是他的服裝或頭銜。在拉丁語中，動詞capere可以被定義為“捕獲”。在法語中，動詞是caper?！癟ocop”在英語中的意思是抓住或拿走。)”可知，在不同的語言中有不同的詞定義了警察的部分工作，因此推斷C項“這些詞定義了警察的部分工作”總結上文，thesewords指代前文的詞匯。故選C?！?8題詳解】根據上文“Essentially,thepoliceforcewastheretotakecriminalsoffthestreets.(SomealsobelievethattheDutchwordkapen,wh