專題04  語(yǔ)法-2023-2024學(xué)年六年級(jí)英語(yǔ)寒假專項(xiàng)提升（外研版三起）

2023-2024學(xué)年六班級(jí)英語(yǔ)寒假專項(xiàng)提升（外研版三起）專題四語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)指引語(yǔ)法學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)一：方位介詞我們常用到的方位介詞有：at、in、on、above、over、below、under、beside、into、behind、between、nextto、near。1.at我們常用到的方位介詞有：at、in、on、above、over、below、under、beside、into、behind、between、nextto、near。at通常指小一些的地方，或者所指范圍不太明顯。例如學(xué)校、家、角落等。例：Intheafternoon,hefinallyarrivedathome.他最終在下午的時(shí)候到家了。2.in●in的用法要多一些，首先一般用于較大的地名(方)前。例：IliveinBeijing.我住在北京?！衿浯蝘n表示在內(nèi)部例：Thereisaballinthebox.有一個(gè)球在盒子里。●除此之外，in還表示“在……范圍之內(nèi)”(是從屬關(guān)系)。例：GuangdongliesinthesouthofChina.廣東坐落于中國(guó)的南部。3.on、above、overon和above,over都表示在……上，區(qū)分是：●on是表面相互接觸●而above只表示“在……上方或位置高出……”●over是“在……正上方”例：1.Thereisanappleonthetable.桌上有一個(gè)蘋(píng)果。2.Aplaneflewaboveourheads.一架飛機(jī)從我們頭上飛過(guò)。3.Thereisabridgeovertheriver.河上有一座橋。4.under、belowunder,below都是在……下方。under,below的區(qū)分：●under就是在物體下方，可以有接觸，也可以垂直在下面?！竦玝elow是在物體下方，不肯定垂直在下面。例：1.Therearemanyflowersbelowthewindow.窗下有很多花。2.Thereisatoycarunderyourdesk.你的書(shū)桌下有一個(gè)玩具小汽車(chē)。5.betweenbetween在……之間(指兩者)。例：Thebuildingstandsbetweentheparkandthesupermarket.那幢大樓位于公園和超市中間。6.behindbehind表示“在……后面”。例：Behindthebuildingstandsatalltree.大廈的后面有一棵高高的樹(shù)。7.intointo進(jìn)入例：Pleaseputthewaterintothebottle.請(qǐng)把水倒入到瓶子里。8.nextto,beside和near●nextto是在旁邊、緊挨著；●beside表示在……近旁；●near在……四周，距離比前兩者還要遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)。例：1.Thedeskisnexttothebed.那張書(shū)桌挨著床。2.Comeandsitbesideme.坐到我邊上來(lái)。3.Myhomeisneartheschool.我的家離學(xué)校近。這里有一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔易懂的小chant,供大家參考!這里有一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔易懂的小chant,供大家參考!Bird,bird——inthetreeApple,apple——onthetreeBird,bird——intheskyBowl,bowl——inthebowlPlate,plate——ontheplatePhoto,photo——onthewallDoor,door——inthewall語(yǔ)法學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)二：Therebe句型Therebe句型的用法：表示某個(gè)地方存在某物或某人，Be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)必需依主語(yǔ)的變化而變化。(單數(shù)is復(fù)數(shù)are)例：Thereisatableintheroom.房間里有一張桌子。Therearesomebirdsinthetree.樹(shù)上有很多鳥(niǎo)。一、Therebe句型的結(jié)構(gòu)1.常見(jiàn)句型結(jié)構(gòu)：(一)Thereis+單數(shù)可數(shù)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)例：Thereisaruleronthedesk.書(shū)桌上有一把尺。(二)Thereare+復(fù)數(shù)主語(yǔ)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)例：Therearefourapplesonthetree.樹(shù)上有四個(gè)蘋(píng)果。Therearesomeflowersinthepark.公園里有很多花。(三)thereis+不行數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)(即使有some也是單數(shù))例：Thereissomewaterinthebottle.瓶子里有一些水。(水是不行數(shù)名詞)2.Therebe選擇就近原則：Therebe句型的就近原則是Therebe句型中語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目的重點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)。Therebe句型中be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式由最挨近的一項(xiàng)的單復(fù)數(shù)打算。如：Thereisapen,twobooksandmanypencilsonthedesk.(解讀：在本句中盡管有鋼筆、書(shū)和鉛筆，但是由于離be動(dòng)詞最近的一項(xiàng)是單數(shù)apen,因此，be動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)is。)二、Therebe句型的疑問(wèn)句及回答(一)Therebe句型的一般疑問(wèn)句1.在“Thereis/are…”的一般疑問(wèn)句中，要把Be動(dòng)詞放在there之前，并將句號(hào)變問(wèn)號(hào)。(難點(diǎn)：句中消滅的some要改成any。)2.確定回答為：Yes,thereis/are.3.否定回答為：No,thereisn't/aren't.(二)Therebe句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句Therebe句型的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式有以下三種變化：①對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人時(shí)，用"Who's+介詞短語(yǔ)?";當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是物時(shí)，用"What's+介詞短語(yǔ)?"。留意：無(wú)論原句的主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)之提問(wèn)時(shí)一般都用be的單數(shù)形式，回答時(shí)卻要依據(jù)實(shí)際狀況來(lái)打算。②對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：提問(wèn)地點(diǎn)用"Whereis/are+主語(yǔ)?"③對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)：一般有兩種句型結(jié)構(gòu)：Howmany+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+arethere+介詞短語(yǔ)?Howmuch+不行數(shù)名詞+isthere+介詞短語(yǔ)?例：Howmanypeoplearethereinthepicture?Howmuchwateristhereinthebottle?三、Therebe句型的否定形式否定形式只要在be動(dòng)詞后面加not即可，isnot=isn't;arenot=aren't但要留意的是句中假如消滅some則改成any.1.確定：Thereisaknifeinthekitchen.否定：Thereisnotaknifeinthekitchen.2.確定：Therearefiveapplesonthetree.否定：Therearenotfiveapplesonthetree.3.確定：Thereissomewaterinthebottle.否定：Thereisnotanywaterinthebottle.4.確定：Therearesomebirdssinginginthetree.否定：Therearenotanybirdssinginginthetree.語(yǔ)法學(xué)問(wèn)點(diǎn)三：祈使句祈使句：用來(lái)表示下達(dá)命令、提出要求、建議和勸告的句子。說(shuō)話的對(duì)象通常是其次人稱you,習(xí)慣上常省略。祈使句的確定句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形，否定句一般用don't,never開(kāi)頭。確定祈使句句型1:動(dòng)詞let+第一、三人稱賓格代詞+V.例：Let'sgotoschool.讓我們?nèi)ド蠈W(xué)吧。Letmetry.讓我試一試。Lethimcomeupstairs.讓他上樓吧。句型2:動(dòng)詞+其他部分例句：Pleaseopenthedoor.請(qǐng)開(kāi)門(mén)。Turntopagetwo.請(qǐng)將書(shū)翻到其次頁(yè)。Listentome.請(qǐng)聽(tīng)我講。Stoptalking.別說(shuō)話。否定祈使句(一般在句首加Don't.)1.Climbthetree,please.請(qǐng)爬樹(shù)。(確定句)Don'tclimbthetree!不要爬樹(shù)。(否定句)2.Openthedoor.打開(kāi)門(mén)。(確定句)Don'topenthedoor.不要開(kāi)門(mén)。(否定句)陳述句變祈使句1.Youcan'tmakefacesinclass.你不能在課堂上做鬼臉。Don'tmakefacesinclass.不要在課堂上做鬼臉。2.Youcan'treadinbed.你不要在床上看書(shū)。Don'treadinbed.不要在床上看書(shū)。真題回顧一、選擇題。()1．（22-23上·山東濰坊·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）Canyoutellmesomething______Americanfestival?A．a(chǎn)t B．a(chǎn)bout C．on()2．（22-23上·山東濰坊·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）Youcan______anotherstampnow.A．has B．having C．have()3．（22-23上·山東濰坊·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）—What’syourhobby?—Myhobbyis______.A．takepictures B．takingpictures C．tookpictures()4．（22-23上·山東濰坊·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）Wecan’tgotoChinatown,______it’snineo’clock.A．a(chǎn)nd B．but C．because()5．（22-23上·山東濰坊·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）______thereanywaterinthebottle?A．Are B．Is C．Have()6．（22-23上·廣東茂名·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）Here’smylibrary______.A．card B．a(chǎn)card C．cards()7．（22-23上·廣東茂名·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）Lookatthephoto.Youare______yourroom.A．cleans B．cleaning C．clean()8．（22-23上·山西臨汾·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）Damingsayshe________toyousoon.A．write B．willwrite C．writes()9．（22-23上·山西臨汾·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）Mymother________manyphotosofmeyesterday.A．takes B．took C．take()10．（22-23上·山西臨汾·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）Thereareflagsfrom________theworld.A．a(chǎn)llaround B．a(chǎn)llabout C．a(chǎn)roundall二、（22-23上·海南省直轄縣級(jí)單位·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）從方框中選出下列句子的答語(yǔ)。A．Yes,Ido.B．MissZhang.C．Becauseshegotuplate.D．InChina.E．It’satrain.()11．Where’stheGreatWall?()12．Whywasshelate?()13．What’sthat?()14．WhoisyourEnglishteacher?()15．Doyoulikeplayinggames?三、用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。16．（22-23上·河南周口·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）Heis(ride)hisbikeontheplaygroundnow.17．（22-23上·河南周口·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）Elephantsuse(they)nosestodrinkwater.18．（22-23上·河南周口·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）(have)JackgotabookaboutChina?19．（22-23上·山東德州·六班級(jí)校考期末）Amyshould(listen)carefullyinclass.20．（22-23上·山東德州·六班級(jí)?？计谀㎝ax’shobbyis(ride)hisbicycle.21．（22-23上·山東濰坊·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）Many(country)givepresentstotheUN.22．（22-23上·山東濰坊·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）She(have)gotabeautifuldoll.Sheoftenplayswithit.23．（22-23上·山東濰坊·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）Lindacanswimverywell,so(swim)isherhobby.24．（22-23上·河南洛陽(yáng)·五班級(jí)洛陽(yáng)市其次外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校校聯(lián)考期末）Animalsareourbestfriends.Let’stakecareof(they).25．（22-23上·河南洛陽(yáng)·五班級(jí)洛陽(yáng)市其次外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校校聯(lián)考期末）Elephantseat(leaf).四、連詞成句。26．（22-23上·山東聊城·六班級(jí)?？计谀﹚ant,Guilin,do,to,you,visit(?)27．（22-23上·山東聊城·六班級(jí)校考期末）postcards,from,are,these,China(.)28．（22-23上·山東德州·六班級(jí)?？计谀㏒hanghai,I,to,want,go,to(.)29．（22-23上·山東德州·六班級(jí)校考期末）eat,Pandas,twelve,a,hours,for,day(.)30．（22-23上·山東德州·六班級(jí)?？计谀﹜ou,Chinese,be,my,Can,friend(?)五、（22-23上·遼寧朝陽(yáng)·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）依據(jù)句意，選擇正確的圖片，并翻譯句子。A．

B．

C．

D．

E.()31．Bearsliketosleepinwinter.()32．Doyouoftenplaywithdolls?()33．ThisisthefamousChangjiangRiver.()34．HealsotookmanyphotosofSamandme.()35．Thesnakegetsfrightened.六、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。36．（22-23上·河南周口·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）Istherealetterforhim?(否定回答)37．（22-23上·河南平頂山·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）DoesyourfatherwanttogotoYan’an?(作確定回答)38．（22-23上·河南平頂山·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）HasLinglinggotastampfromChina?(作否定回答)39．（22-23上·河南周口·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）Ioftendomyhomeworkafterschool.(把主語(yǔ)變?yōu)閔e)Heoftenhomeworkafterschool.40．（22-23上·河南周口·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）I’mgoingtoHainannextweekend.(對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn))areyounextweekend?七、（22-23上·河南周口·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。A．Pleasehurry.A．Pleasehurry.B．Pleasebequiet.C．Howmuchisit?D．Whatareyougoingtodo?E．Hereisthemoney.Jack:John,Let’sgotothebookstore.John:OK!41Jack:I’mgoingtobuyabook.John:42Itwillcloseatfive.Atthebookstore.John:Look!Somanybooks.Seller:43John:Sorry!Jack:Ithinkthisbookisverygood.44Seller:It’stenyuan.Jack:45Seller:Thankyou.八、（22-23上·四川樂(lè)山·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）完形填空。Mr.Blackhastwo46.Oneisbigandtheotherissmall.Helikesthemverymuch.OnedayhisgoodfriendMr.Greencomesto47him.Hefindstherearetwoholes(洞)inthe48,abigholeandasmallone.Hesays,“Mydearfriend,whyaretheretwoholesinyourdoor?”“Toletmydogs49andout,”MrBlackanswers.“ButoneholeisOK.”sayshisfriend.“Howcanthebigdoggothrough(通過(guò))the50hole?”Mr.Blackasks.()46．A．dogs B．cats()47．A．buy B．visit()48．A．door B．window()49．A．to B．in()50．A．small B．tall九、（22-23上·山東聊城·六班級(jí)?？计谀┓聦?xiě)。例：often/rideabike→Heoftenridesabike.51．never/playbasketball52．a(chǎn)lways/walktoschool十、（22-23上·河南平頂山·六班級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，推斷下列句子正(T)誤(F)。Thecleversquirrel(松鼠)Thereisalittlesquirrelinatree.Afoxcomesandseesher.Hewantstoeather.Hesays,“Yourfathercanclosehiseyesandjump.Canyou?”Thelittlesquirrelanswers,“Yes,Ican.”Shecloseshereyesandjumps.Shefalls(掉落)downfromthetree.Thefoxcatches(抓住)thelittlesquirrelandsays,“Haha!Icatchyou.Iwilleatyou.”“Waitaminute(一會(huì)兒).Letmeaskyouaquestion.Yourfatheralwayswasheshishandsbeforeheeats.Whataboutyou?”saysthelittlesquirrel.Thefoxanswers,“Metoo.”Whenthefoxputsdownthelittlesquirrel,thelittlesquirrelrunsuptothetreequickly.“Haha!Goodbye,MrFox.”()53．Thestoryisaboutafoxandalittlesquirrel.()54．Thefoxfindsthesquirrelinahole.()55．Thefoxwantstoeatthesquirrel.()56．Thesquirrelissafe(平安的)atlast.()57．Thefoxiscleverer(更聰慧的)thanthesquirrel.提升訓(xùn)練一、選擇題。(

)1．Thelightisred.Please________.A．don’tcross B．cross C．walk(

)2．TheWestLakeisinHangzhou.It’sinthe________ofChina.A．west B．east C．north(

)3．Pleasewrite_______meandwecanbefriends.A．for B．to C．a(chǎn)t(

)4．They_______onFlagDay.A．singsong B．singsongs C．singssong(

)5．—HowbigisBeijing?—Beijing_______gotabouttwentymillionpeople.A．is B．has C．have(

)6．What_______they_______onThanksgivingDay?A．do;doing B．do;do C．doing;do(

)7．Simoncan’t_______books.A．reads B．read C．reading(

)8．Haveyougot_______dolls?A．some B．a(chǎn)ny C．a(chǎn)(

)9．Youcanspeakvery_____English.A．best B．well C．good(

)10．—Whoisshe?—______ismyfriend.______nameisSarah.A．She;She B．She;Her C．Her;She二、選詞填空。11．Canyou(are/be)myChinesepenfriend?12．OnThanksgivingDay,wesay“thankyou”(for/at)ourfamilyandfriends.13．Haveyougot(some/any)stampsfromCanada?14．There(are/is)Chinesedancing.15．Beijinghasgotabouttwenty(million/millions)people.16．Pandaseatfortwelve(hours/hour)aday.17．Look!Jackis(eat/eating)anapplethere.18．Here(is/are)aknifeandfork.19．Theylike(sleep/sleeping)inwinter.20．Linglingcan’twrite(in/with)French.三、選出相對(duì)應(yīng)的答句。A．HehasgotaChinesedragonkite.B．IliveinNewYork.C．No,Ihaven’t.D．AbookaboutChina.E．Flyingkites.(

)21．Whatbookhaveyougot?(

)22．What’syourhobby?(

)23．HaveyougotaletterfromNewYork?(

)24．Wheredoyoulive?(

)25．WhathasDaminggot?四、請(qǐng)為句中劃線單詞選擇正確的漢語(yǔ)意思。A．故事

B．國(guó)家

C．舞蹈

D．聽(tīng)起來(lái)

E.競(jìng)賽(

)26．TheUSisabigcountry.(

)27．ThereisChinesedancing.(

)28．Weallgotoseethedragonboatrace.(

)29．Thatsoundsnice. (

)30．IcanwritestoryinEnglish.五、連詞成句。31．in,America,NewYork,the,is,of,east(.)32．a(chǎn),map,big,What,China,of(!)33．tell,about,the,Wall,Great,me,more(.)34．me,this,about,tell,more,place(.)35．presents,we,and,give,cards,send(.)六、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。36．MyfatherisinBeijingwithhisfriend.(對(duì)畫(huà)線部分提問(wèn))inBeijingwithhisfriend?37．I’vegotsomebooksfromChina.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)38．CollectingdollsisJane’shobby.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句)39．Theschoolisintheeast.(改為否定句)40．Walkonthegrass.(改為否定句)onthegrass!七、依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。A．Istakingphotosyourhobby?A．Istakingphotosyourhobby?B．Whatareyoudoing?C．Doyouoftenplaywithdolls?D．Whereisit?E．Howlongisit?A:Hi,Sam.41B:Hi,Jack.I’mlookingatmyphotos.A:Whatalotofphotos!42B:Yes,itis.Iliketakingphotos.Pleaselookatthisone.It’sgotapictureoftheGreatWallonit.A:CanyoutellmemoreabouttheGreatWall?43B:It’smorethantwentythousandkilometreslong.A:It’sreallylong.Andlookatthisone.Youareplayingwithdolls.44B:Notveryoften.A:Lookatthisone.Whatabigbuilding!B:Yes,it’stheUNbuilding.A:45B:It’sinNewYork.八、閱讀短文，選出正確的答案。Ihaveapenfriend.HernameisAnna.ShelivesinCanada.Canadaisaverybigcountryandshelivesinthewest.Annaisabeautifulgirl.Shehasgotlongcurly(卷曲的)yellowhairandtwobigblueeyes.Shelikesdancingandpainting.Shehasgotabrother.Theydon’tlivenearanyschools,sotheirmotherteachesthemathome.Theyhaveclassesinthemorning.Theyoftengoswimmingandridetheirhorsesintheafternoon.Anna’sfavouriteanimalispandas.She’sgotlotsofpicturesofpandas,butshedoesn’tseethem.ShewantstovisitSichuanandseethepandasnextyear.(

)46．Annaisa_______girl.A．American B．Canadian C．Chinese(

)47．Annahasgot_______hair.A．black B．yellow C．blue(

)48．Annalikes_______.A．dancing B．painting C．BothAandB(

)49．Annastudies_______.A．a(chǎn)thome B．a(chǎn)tschool C．a(chǎn)tthepark(

)50．Annawantstoseepandas_______.A．Tomorrow B．nextyear C．nextmonth九、看圖，仿按例句寫(xiě)對(duì)話。例：—Do