高三一輪(北師大版)英語河南專版語法探究非謂語動(dòng)詞

1.(2009年山東卷)Weareinvitedtoaparty________inourclubnextFriday.A．tobeheldB．heldC．beingheldD．holding【解析】句意為：我們被邀請(qǐng)參加下周五在我們俱樂部舉行的聚會(huì)。hold與party為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以hold應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式；tobeheld作后置定語，表將來，修飾aparty?！敬鸢浮緼2.(2009年北京卷)Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit________onhisownfarm.A．grownB．beinggrownC．tobegrownD．togrow【解析】句意為：早飯他只喝自己農(nóng)場(chǎng)種的新鮮水果榨出來的果汁。此題考查非謂語動(dòng)詞作后置定語。fruit與grow為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除D選項(xiàng)；beinggrown正被種植；tobegrown將要被種植，均不合題意，所以選A?！敬鸢浮緼3．(2009年上海卷)Allofthemtrytousethepoweroftheworkstation________informationinamoreeffectiveway.A．presentingB．presentedC．beingpresentedD．topresent【解析】句意為：他們都盡力使用工作區(qū)的力量來更加有效地呈現(xiàn)信息。topresent為不定式作目的狀語?！敬鸢浮緿4．(2009年湖南卷)________twice，thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.A．BeingbittenB．BittenC．HavingbittenD．Tobebitten【解析】句意為：因?yàn)閮纱伪灰?，郵遞員拒絕給我們投遞信件，除非我們拴住我們的狗。過去分詞作原因狀語。主句主語thepostman與bite為邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，排除C項(xiàng)；D項(xiàng)表將來；A項(xiàng)表進(jìn)行；B項(xiàng)表示之前兩次被咬，故選B?！敬鸢浮緽5．(2009年天津卷)________theprojectintime，thestaffwereworkingatweekends.A．CompletingB．HavingcompletedC．TohavecompletedD．Tocomplete【解析】句意為：為了使項(xiàng)目及時(shí)完工，全體員工周末都在加班。不定式一般式作目的狀語?！敬鸢浮緿6．(2009年陜西卷)________bytheadvancesintechnology，manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.A．BeingencouragedB．EncouragingC．EncouragedD．Havingencouraged【解析】句意為：受科技進(jìn)步的激勵(lì)，很多農(nóng)民在他們的田地上建起了風(fēng)力發(fā)電農(nóng)場(chǎng)。C：過去分詞作原因狀語，表被動(dòng)。A：現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式，表示正在進(jìn)行；B：現(xiàn)在分詞，表示主動(dòng)；D：現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，表主動(dòng)，表示此動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。【答案】C7．(2009年江蘇卷)SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers，almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear，________reduceunemploymentpressures.A．helpB．tohavehelpedC．tohelpD．havinghelped【解析】句意為：今年全國(guó)各學(xué)校將聘用50000名大學(xué)畢業(yè)生作為短期教師，這個(gè)數(shù)字是去年的近3倍，旨在減輕就業(yè)壓力。本題主要考查的是非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法，tohelp...作目的狀語?！敬鸢浮緾8．(2009年浙江卷)________，thepayisn’tattractiveenough，thoughthejobitselfisquiteinteresting.A．GenerallyspeakingB．OnthecontraryC．InparticularD．Tobehonest【解析】句意為：說實(shí)話，這點(diǎn)工資沒有足夠的吸引力，但工作本身還是非常有趣的。tobehonest往往引導(dǎo)轉(zhuǎn)折句，其他選項(xiàng)明顯不合題意?！敬鸢浮緿9．(2008年江蘇卷)—Theyarequiet，aren’tthey?—Yes.Theyareaccustomed________atmeals.A．totalkB．tonottalkC．totalkingD．tonottalking【解析】句意為：——他們很安靜，是嗎？——是的，他們習(xí)慣了在吃飯時(shí)不講話。beaccustomedto習(xí)慣、適應(yīng)，等于beusedto。這里to是介詞，再根據(jù)句意，可知選D?！敬鸢浮緿10．(2008年山東卷)Lucy’snewjobpaidtwiceasmuchasshehadmade________intherestaurant.A．workingB．workC．toworkD．worked【解析】句意為：露西新工作的收入是以前在飯店工作收入的兩倍。將本題補(bǔ)充一下為：Lucy’snewjobpaidtwiceasmuchas(themoney)shehadmadewhenshewasworkingintherestaurant.→Lucy’snewjobpaidtwiceasmuchasshehadmoneyworkingintherestaurant.本題考查的是現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨，修飾shehadmade?！敬鸢浮緼11．(2008年遼寧卷)Pleaseremain________；thewinneroftheprizewillbeannouncedsoon.A．seatingB．seatedC．toseatD．tobeseated【解析】句意為：請(qǐng)坐好，馬上宣布獲獎(jiǎng)?wù)?。remain為系動(dòng)詞，而seated已經(jīng)形容詞化了，經(jīng)常用beseated或remainseated表示就座?！敬鸢浮緽12．(2008年全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Thedirectorhadherassistant________somehotdogsforthemeeting.A．pickedupB．picksupC．pickupD．pickingup【解析】句意為：“導(dǎo)演要他的助手為這次會(huì)議準(zhǔn)備一些熱狗?！県avesb.dosth.為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，其中dosth.為省略to的不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。和have類似用法的使役動(dòng)詞有make，let?！敬鸢浮緾13．(2008年全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood________.A．tobebreathedB．tobreatheC．breathingD．beingbreathed【解析】句意為：在夏季我喜歡早點(diǎn)起床。能呼吸到早上的新鮮空氣真好。tobreathe在句中作狀語，和主語themorningair之間存在邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。在形容詞easy，difficult，comfortable，heavy，expensive等詞后常用不定式作狀語，主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)。如：Theproblemisdifficulttoanswer.【答案】B14．Thepassengershadachatwiththecollegestudents______asconductorsduringthesummervacation.A．helpoutB．helpedoutC．tohelpoutD．helpingout【解析】現(xiàn)在分詞helpingout作后置定語，helpout意為“臨時(shí)幫忙”?！敬鸢浮緿15．—DidyougotovisittheScience—No.I________，butIdidn’thavethetime.A．hopesoB．hopedtoC．hadhopedtoD．Ifeltlikedoing【解析】hadhopedtodosth.表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，意為“本來希望做……”。為了表達(dá)簡(jiǎn)練，我們把不定式中的動(dòng)詞和后面的部分省略，而僅僅保留不定式符號(hào)to?！敬鸢浮緾16．________togiveupsmoking，hethrewawayhis________cigarettes.A．Determined；remainedB．Determined；remainingC．Determining；remainingD．Determining；remained【解析】第一空determined為過去分詞作原因狀語，從bedeterminedtodosth.(下定決心做……)演變而來。后一空是現(xiàn)在分詞remaining作定語?！敬鸢浮緽17．Believeitornot，________agoodknowledgeofsomeforeignlanguageswillbeofgreathelpinthejobinterview.A．tohavehadB．havinghadC．haveD．having【解析】空格所在的句子缺少主語，B、C兩項(xiàng)可以排除。這里表示的是時(shí)間概念不明確的動(dòng)作，故選D?！敬鸢浮緿18．Ifyouwanttomasteralanguage，youshouldfollowtheadvice：learnalanguagebymakingmistakesand________them.A．correctB．correctingC．correctsD．tocorrect【解析】由and可知這里要用與making相同的形式，故選B?！敬鸢浮緽19．________，theworkersdecidedtostoppedworking.A．ThestormdrawingnearB．ThestormisdrawingnearC．ThestormwasdrawingnearD．Sincethestormisdrawingnear【解析】逗號(hào)后面是一個(gè)完整的句子，這說明逗號(hào)前面要么是從句，要么是短語。B、C可先排除；D項(xiàng)是從句，但時(shí)態(tài)不對(duì)，故選A?！敬鸢浮緼20．Thestudentscameoutfromtheclassroom，each________somenewsbooksundertheirarms.A．hasB．hadC．havingD．tohave【解析】逗號(hào)后面沒有并列連詞或從屬連詞，這暗示空格處是非謂語動(dòng)詞。eachhavingsomenewsbooksundertheirarms相當(dāng)于eachofwhomhadsomenewsbooksundertheirarms這一定語從句?！敬鸢浮緾21．Everything________intoconsideration，theyoughttohaveanotherchance.A．totakeB．takenC．tobetakenD．taking【解析】everything與take之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞。【答案】B22．________，hecan’tgooutforawalkasusual.A．WithsomuchworktodoB．WithsomuchworkdoingC．WithsomuchworkdoneD．Withoutsomuchworktodo【解析】從意思上看，逗號(hào)前面要表達(dá)的意思是“有許多工作要做”，表示“有工作要做”時(shí)往往用不定式表示。這里todo的邏輯主語是句子的主語he，故選A。【答案】A23．Davidofferedusaliftwhenhewasleavingtheoffice，butourwork________，wedeclinedtheoffer.A．notbeingfinishedB．nothavingfinishedC．hadnotbeenfinishedD．wasnotfinished【解析】這里ourworknotbeingfinished相當(dāng)于asourworkwasnotfinished這一從句?！敬鸢浮緼24．Anneissaid________inAfrica，andshewillcomebacknextmonth.A．todoresearchB．tobedoingresearchC．tohavedoneresearchD．tohavebeendoingresearch【解析】由andshewillcomebacknextmonth可知“她現(xiàn)在正在非洲作研究”，故用動(dòng)詞不定式的進(jìn)行式?！敬鸢浮緽25．________fromthewayhespeaks，hemaycomefromthenorth.A．JudgedB．JudgingC．WhenyoujudgedD．Becauseyoujudge【解析】judgingfrom，accordingto，generallyspeaking等都是固定用法。【答案】B26．Neartheclubtherewasagarden，itsowner________underthetreeplayingbridgewithhischildren.A．wasseatedB．wasseatingC．seatedD．seating【解析】由its可知逗號(hào)后面的部分不是一個(gè)從句，而是一個(gè)名詞短語，那么空格處的動(dòng)詞不是用來作謂語的，這里seated是whowasseated的省略形式?！敬鸢浮緾27．________manytimes，theproblemsweresettledatlast.A．HavingdiscussedB．BeingdiscussedC．TobediscussedD．Disc