Unit 5 語法（復(fù)習(xí)講義）-2023-2024學(xué)年五年級英語上冊單元速記·巧練（譯林版三起）

Unit5Whatdotheydo?語法梳理：一般現(xiàn)在時的陳述句精講精練(含答案)一般現(xiàn)在時表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作或表示現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)，也可表示客觀事實或普遍真理。一、第三人稱單數(shù)的具體狀況總結(jié)我們已經(jīng)了解當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時，謂語動詞要相應(yīng)地使用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。那么如何判定主語是否是第三人稱單數(shù)呢?具體有以下分類：人稱代詞he,she,it作主語。單個的人名、地名或稱呼作主語。例如:Mysisterworkshere.我的姐姐/妹妹在這里工作?？蓴?shù)名詞單數(shù)或“this/that/the/a等+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”作主語。例如:Thisboylookshappy.這個男孩看上去很興奮。Therabbitjumpshigh.這只兔子跳得高。不定代詞someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something等以及指示代詞this和that作主語。例如:Someonetalksinclass.有人在課堂上說話。不行數(shù)名詞作主語。例如:Thesoupistoohot.湯太燙了。數(shù)字或者字母作主語。例如:Thirteenandsevenistwenty.十三加七等于二十。特殊疑問句中，what，who等疑問代詞作主語。例如：Wholiveshere?誰住在這兒?Whatmakesyouhappy?什么讓你興奮?二、一般現(xiàn)在時的確定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+動詞原形/動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式+其他.”。例如：Helikesswimming.他寵愛游泳。Igotoschooleveryday.我每天去上學(xué)。Thisgiraffeissotall.這只長頸鹿是如此的高。MissLiteachesEnglish.李老師教英語。三、一般現(xiàn)在時的否定句1.含有be動詞的句子，改為否定句時，在be動詞后加not，句中如有some則改為any。例如：I'mastudent.→I'mnotastudent.Thereissomemilk.→Thereisn'tanymilk.2.含有情態(tài)動詞(can,should,would等)的句子,改為否定句時,在情態(tài)動詞后加not。例如:Icansingwell.→Ican’t/cannotsingwell.3.含有行為動詞的句子，改為否定句時，需要使用助動詞do或does，后加not，然后再接動詞原形。donot?？s寫為don’t,doesnot常縮寫為doesn’t,后接動詞原形。例如:Myteacherbuyssometoys.→Myteacherdoesn'tbuyanytoys.Wemakeafruitsaladtogether.→Wedon'tmakeafruitsaladtogether.留意：此處do和does作為助動詞，本身沒有實際意義。do/does作為實義動詞時，意思是“做，干(某事)”。例如:Hedoeshomeworkintheevening.→Hedoesn'tdohomeworkintheevening.四、動詞第三人稱單數(shù)一般現(xiàn)在時是英語中應(yīng)用最廣泛的時態(tài)之一，在一般現(xiàn)在時中，由于主語不同，動詞會發(fā)生相應(yīng)的變化。主語為第一人稱、其次人稱或第三人稱復(fù)數(shù)時，動詞為原形。例如：Ieatlunchattwelveo’clock.我在12點吃午餐。Youlookverynice.你看上去很好看。Theyoftengotoschooltogether.他們經(jīng)常一起去上學(xué)。SuHaiandSuYangusuallyflykitesonSundays.蘇海和蘇洋通常在星期天放風(fēng)箏。主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(能用he，she，it代替)時，動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。例如：Hehelpssickpeople.他掛念病人。MissLispeaksEnglishwell.李老師英語說得好。在一般現(xiàn)在時中，動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)變化規(guī)章如下：分類例詞讀音一般狀況下，在動詞詞尾直接scook—cooksswim—swimswrite—writesread—readss在清輔音后讀/s/，在濁輔音和元音后讀/z/;與/t/和/d/連起來時讀/ts/和/dz/以“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動詞，直接在詞尾加splay—playssay—saysbuy—buyss讀/z/(由于一般以“元音字母+y”結(jié)尾的讀音是元音)以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的動詞，變y為i再加esfly—fliesstudy—studiescarry—carriescry—criesy變i后讀音不變,es讀/z/以“輔音字母+o”結(jié)尾的動詞，一般在詞尾加esgo—goesdo—doeses讀/z/以“s,x,sh,ch”結(jié)尾的動詞,一般在詞尾加esguess—guessesfix—fixes(修理)push—pusheswatch—watcheses讀/?z/不規(guī)章變化:have和be動詞have—hasbe—ishas/h?z;h?z/is/?z/注：部分動詞變?yōu)榈谌朔Q單數(shù)時，原詞的元音部分發(fā)音會發(fā)生變化，如：do—does，say—says?！究碱}精練】寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。1.find________ 2.stop________ 3.push________ 4.give________5.have________ 6.dance________ 7.read________ 8.skate________9.fly________ 10.work________ 11.play________ 12.live________13.do________ 14.sit________ 15.wait________ 16.visit________17.buy________ 18.go________ 19.study________ 20.come________用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Jim________(like)hisnewsweater.2.LetHelen________(have)alookatthebook.3.Julia________(want)________(sing)anEnglishsong.4.MissWu________(teach)usEnglishthisterm.5.SuHaiandSuYang________(sleep)for8hoursaday.6.—Who________(live)inNanjinginyourfamily?—Mybrothers________(live)there.7.Mikeoften________(go)________(swim)insummer.8.—________(be)yoursistera________(cook)?—No,she________(be).9.LiuTaooften________(play)tabletenniswithWangBing.They________(be)happy.10.—What________(do)youruncle________(do)?—He________(be)adoctor.11.Thischild________(do)nothavebreakfastinthemorning.It'snotgoodforhim.12.________(notdo)eatanythinginthelibrary.13.Tina________(do)notplaytabletennisafterclass.14.Thetwins________(notdo)liketigers.Buttheylikelions.15.Theboy________(do)hishomeworkathome.16.Hesometimes________(go)totheparkand________(draw)picturesinit.17.Myfatherandmotheroften________(watch)TVintheevening.18.Myuncleisa________cook.Hecancook________.(good)19.It'sverycold.Thewater________(turn)intoice.Let'sgo________(skate).20.Helenalways________(have)________(dance)lessonsonSundays.21.Thegirlsometimes________(chat)withhere-friendontheInternet.22.Tina________(notgo)toschoolonSundays.She________(sleep)athome.23.TheteachersinClassOne________(be)friendly.24.Myaunt________(notlook)happy,because(由于)mycousin________(notdo)hishomework.按要求改寫句子。1.Theycansinganddance.(改為否定句)They________sing________dance.2.MyfathergoesfishingonSaturdays.(改為否定句)Myfather________________________onSaturdays.3.Lilywouldliketobuysomefish.(改為否定句)Lily________________to________________fish.4.Bendoesn'tspeakChinesewelleither.(改為確定句)Ben________________well________.5.WangBingdrawswell.(改為同義句)WangBing________________________drawing.6.MrBrownisamusicteacher.(改為同義句)MrBrown________________.7.Samsendshise-friendsemails.(改為同義句)Samsendsemails________________________.8.Myfriendoftengoestothecinemaatweekends.(改為同義句)Myfriendoften________________on________and________.參考答案一、1.finds2.stops3.pushes4.gives5.has6.dances7.reads8.skates9.flies10.works11.plays12.lives13.does14.sits15.waits16.visits17.buys18.goes19.studies20.comes二、1.likes2.have3.wants;tosing4.teaches5.sleep6.lives;live7.goesswimming8.Is;cook;isn’t9.plays;are10.does;do;is11.does12.Don't13.does14.don't15.does16.goes;draws17.watch18.good;well19.tur