第04輯一輪閱讀 專題06 閱讀理解難點(diǎn)分類突破（說明文選標(biāo)題+細(xì)節(jié)理解題+心理效應(yīng)題）（教師版） 2025屆新高三英語提分培優(yōu)通關(guān)練（高考真題+名校模擬）

2025屆新高三英語提分培優(yōu)通關(guān)練（高考真題+名校模擬）第04輯一輪閱讀專題06閱讀理解難點(diǎn)分類突破（說明文選標(biāo)題+細(xì)節(jié)理解題+心理效應(yīng)題）解析版目錄說明文選標(biāo)題1+3篇P1【名師點(diǎn)津】P1【高考真題】P2【名校模擬】P3細(xì)節(jié)理解題1+3篇P10【名師點(diǎn)津】P10【高考真題】P10【名校模擬】P11心理效應(yīng)題1+3篇P17【名師點(diǎn)津】P17【高考真題】P17【名校模擬】P19說明文選標(biāo)題1+3篇【名師點(diǎn)津】說明文標(biāo)題錯(cuò)誤三大特征1.范圍太寬泛：選項(xiàng)太過于寬泛，與文章內(nèi)容相距甚遠(yuǎn)。2.范圍太具體：選項(xiàng)死扣文章某一細(xì)節(jié)不適合用于標(biāo)題。3.范圍太偏頗：選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容過于偏頗，明顯偏離文章主旨。說明文選標(biāo)題三大方法1.主題段法標(biāo)題段一般在文章的第一段和最后一段，一般來說第一段經(jīng)常提出文章的主題或最后一段總結(jié)文章的主題，知道了文章的主題也就知道了文章的中心，把中心概括成一句話或一個(gè)短語即是文章的標(biāo)題。2.主題句法解題的關(guān)鍵要抓住每段的首尾句，要注意貫穿文章始終的詞語。通過尋找文章的主題句，并對(duì)主題句進(jìn)行概括和提煉，從而確定文章的標(biāo)題。2.關(guān)鍵詞法任何一篇文章都是圍繞某個(gè)主題展開的，因此有的文章中最明顯的特點(diǎn)之一是有一個(gè)反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的中心詞，即關(guān)鍵詞，也叫做主題詞。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。說明文選標(biāo)題三大策略1.正面肯定法在理解文章主旨的基礎(chǔ)上，揣摩哪個(gè)選項(xiàng)能準(zhǔn)確概括主旨。2.反面否定法撇開原文，拿各個(gè)備選項(xiàng)去嘗試用它們寫出來的“文章”將是什么內(nèi)容，然后和原文對(duì)照，一一排除荒謬者。3.排除干擾法研究干擾項(xiàng)里面的中心詞、修飾詞的變化、結(jié)構(gòu)、新奇性、概括性等。文章的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該新穎奇特，易激發(fā)讀者的好奇心，吸引讀者注意力?！靖呖颊骖}】(2024全國甲卷第27題)Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(聲音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.Butcatsarespecialcreatureswhopossessamazingvocalizationskills.Theyareabletohaveentireconversationswithhumansusingmeowsandyou'reabletointerpretit.Ifapetcatishungry,itwillkeepmeowingtoattractattentionandfindfood.However,whenacatislookingforaffection,theytendtoproducestretchedandsoftmeows.Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother'sattentionandbefed.Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.Theywillsniffoutspecificareasbeforetheychooseaplacetorelax.However,anotherwaythecatsareabletodistinguishbetweensituationsisbylookingforfamiliarsmells.Yourcatwilllikelysmellyourfaceandstorethesmellinitsmemoryanduseittorecognizeyouinthefuture.That'swhymostpetcatsareabletotellimmediatelyiftheirownerswerearoundanyothercats,whichtheydon'tusuallylike.Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,butcatstakethisbehaviorupanotch.Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.Thisisaveryoldhabitthat'sbeenpresentinallkindsofpredators(食肉動(dòng)物).Catsbringgiftsfortheirownerstoshowtheyloveyou.Theseadorablelittlehuntersarejustdoingsomethingthatit'sbeenintheirnaturesincethebeginningoftime.Sojustgoalongwithit!24.Whatcanbelearnedaboutcats'meowingfromthefirstparagraph?A.It'sasurvivalskill. B.It'staughtbymothercats.C.It'shardtointerpret. D.It'sgettinglouderwithage.25.Howdoesapetcatassessdifferentsituations?A.Bylisteningforsounds. B.Bytouchingfamiliarobjects.C.Bycheckingonsmells. D.Bycommunicatingwithothercats.26.Whichbestexplainsthephrase"take...upnotch"inparagraph3?A.Performappropriately. B.Movefaster. C.Actstrangely. D.Dobetter.27.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TipsonFindingaSmartCat B.UnderstandingYourCat'sBehaviorC.HaveFunwithYourCat D.HowtoKeepYourCatHealthy【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了貓通過叫聲、嗅覺和帶回禮物來表達(dá)需求、評(píng)估環(huán)境和展示愛意。24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.Forinstance,almostallanimalshavedistinctvocals(聲音)thattheyrelyontoeitheraskforhelp,scareawayanydangerousanimalsorlookforshelter.(動(dòng)物可以用很多方式來表達(dá)他們的需求。例如，幾乎所有的動(dòng)物都有獨(dú)特的聲音，它們依靠這些聲音來尋求幫助，嚇跑危險(xiǎn)的動(dòng)物或?qū)ふ冶幼o(hù)。)”和“Meowingstartsassoonasababycatisbroughttolifeandusesittogetthemother’sattentionandbefed.(貓寶寶一出生就開始喵喵叫，喵喵叫是為了引起媽媽的注意和被喂食。)”可知，貓叫聲是一種生存技能。故選A。25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Catshavemanyheightenedsenses,buttheirsenseofsmellisquiteimpressive.Theyusetheirnosestoassesstheirenvironmentandlookoutforanysignsofdanger.(貓有許多敏銳的感官，但它們的嗅覺令人印象深刻。它們用鼻子來評(píng)估周圍的環(huán)境，尋找任何危險(xiǎn)的跡象。)”可知，寵物貓通過檢查氣味來評(píng)估不同情況。故選C。26.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段劃線詞前半句“Dogsareknownfortheirimpressivefetchinghabit,(狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取習(xí)慣而聞名)”和后句“Manycatswillfindrandomobjectsoutsideandbringthemtotheirowners.(許多貓會(huì)在外面隨意找到一些東西，并把它們帶給主人。)”可知，狗以取回東西而聞名，但貓可以從外邊找到東西帶回來，因此在這一行為上更上一層樓。短語take...upanotch是用來形容貓?jiān)趲Щ貣|西這一行為上做得更好或更出色。故選D。27.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Animalscanexpresstheirneedsusingalotofways.(動(dòng)物可以用很多方式來表達(dá)他們的需求。)”及全文可知，文章都在介紹和解釋貓的各種行為方式，包括叫聲、嗅覺和帶回禮物的習(xí)慣，以及這些行為背后的原因和意義。所以“UnderstandingYourCat’sBehavior(了解你的貓的行為)”作文文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選B?！久ＤM】（2024·江蘇南京·模擬預(yù)測）Whileliftingweightsoneday,Iheardaloudclickonmyback.Iwasrushedtotheemergencyroom,whereIwastoldthepainwouldeventuallydisappear.Itdidn’t,however.WhatI’velearnedaboutpainsincethen—bothasapatientandasaphysician—hasmequestioninghowwetreatit.VaniaApkarian,oneoftheworld’sleadingpainresearchers,toldmetheclassicideaisthatpaincontinuesaslongastheinjurydoes,buttheinjuryandpainitproducesendupbeingseparate.“AlthoughMRIs(核磁共振)arereliableindicatorsofinjury,theyarenotreliableindicatorsofpain,”hesays.Areviewof33studiesfoundthatamongagroupof20-year-oldswithoutanybackpain,37percenthaddiscdegeneration(腰椎間盤退化)onMRI.Andinpeoplewhosebackshurt,MRIresultshaveabsolutelynoconnectionwiththeirpain.Thisisareallybigdeal:millionsofpeopleintheU.S.alonegetMRIsforbackpain.Yet5percentofthemweremedicallyjustified,andofthosewhoreceivedMRIs,65percentreceivedpotentiallyharmfuladvice—includingcallsforriskybacksurgerythatprobablywouldn’thaveresolvedtheirpain.Icouldhavebeenoneofthosepeople,yetwhenItookmyMRIfilmstoanexperiencedsurgeon,hetoldmeanoperationmightleavemybackworseoff.IfMRIdoesn’texplainlong-lastingpains,whatdoes?Onemajorfactorisourmentality.Arecenttrialhasrevealedthepoweroftherapies(療法)thattargethowwethinkaboutdiscomfort.Peoplewhoareanxiousaboutbeinginpainaretwiceaslikelytodeveloplongtimepain.Athoroughexaminationofpainanditsoriginsshouldencourageeffortstomakesureeveryoneinpainreceiveskindnessandrespect,aswellasaccesstomorethanpillsandsurgicalprocedures.Fullyacceptingthecomplexityofpaincanopenthedoortonewandinnovativewaystoensurethatevenifwehurt,wedon’thavetosuffer.1.Whatdoesparagraph2imply?A.Backpainisnotnecessarilyanemergencycase.B.MRItestscan’tgiveafullpictureofone’scondition.C.Minorinjuriescanleadtoseverepain.D.Boneproblemsbegintobothertheyoung.2.Whatcanwelearnfromtheauthor’spersonalstory?A.Hefoundhisbacksurgerymedicallyjustified.B.Thesurgeonmisledhimaboutthebackinjury.C.Asurgerymightdohimmoreharmthangood.D.Beingaphysicianhelpshimtreathisbackpain.3.Accordingtotheauthor,whatshouldapatientwithlong-lastingpaindo?A.Consultprofessionalstoreceivesurgeries.B.Havepainkillersasearlyaspossible.C.TakecomprehensiveMRIexaminations.D.Acquireathoroughunderstandingofthepain.4.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Originsofpain. B.Killersofpain.C.Victimsofpain. D.Effectsofpain.【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了關(guān)于疼痛的話題，指出核磁共振（MRI）并非判斷疼痛的可靠指標(biāo)，并提出長期疼痛的一個(gè)重要因素是我們的心態(tài)。最后，文章強(qiáng)調(diào)了全面理解疼痛及其起源的重要性，并提倡創(chuàng)新的疼痛治療方式。1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“AlthoughMRIs(核磁共振)arereliableindicatorsofinjury,theyarenotreliableindicatorsofpain”（雖然核磁共振是判斷受傷的可靠指標(biāo)，但它們并不是判斷疼痛的可靠指標(biāo)）和“Areviewof33studiesfoundthatamongagroupof20-year-oldswithoutanybackpain,37percenthaddiscdegeneration(腰椎間盤退化)onMRI.Andinpeoplewhosebackshurt,MRIresultshaveabsolutelynoconnectionwiththeirpain.”（一項(xiàng)對(duì)33項(xiàng)研究的回顧發(fā)現(xiàn)，MRI顯示在一群沒有背痛的20歲年輕人中，37%的人有椎間盤退變。對(duì)于背部疼痛的人來說，核磁共振成像結(jié)果與他們的疼痛完全沒有關(guān)系。）可知，MRI檢查結(jié)果與疼痛沒有絕對(duì)的聯(lián)系。由此推知，不能僅憑MRI檢查結(jié)果來判斷一個(gè)人的疼痛情況，MRI檢查結(jié)果并不能完全反映一個(gè)人的狀況。故選B項(xiàng)。2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“yetwhenItookmyMRIfilmstoanexperiencedsurgeon,hetoldmeanoperationmightleavemybackworseoff”（然而，當(dāng)我拿著MRI膠片去找一位經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的外科醫(yī)生時(shí)，他告訴我手術(shù)可能會(huì)讓我的背部狀況更糟）可知，在作者的經(jīng)歷中，手術(shù)可能帶給他的不是好處，而是更大的傷害。故選C項(xiàng)。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Athoroughexaminationofpainanditsoriginsshouldencourageeffortstomakesureeveryoneinpainreceiveskindnessandrespect,aswellasaccesstomorethanpillsandsurgicalprocedures.Fullyacceptingthecomplexityofpaincanopenthedoortonewandinnovativewaystoensurethatevenifwehurt,wedon’thavetosuffer.”（對(duì)疼痛及其根源的深入研究應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)人們努力確保每個(gè)經(jīng)歷疼痛的人都能得到善待和尊重，并且除了藥物和手術(shù)之外，還能獲得更多幫助。完全接受疼痛的復(fù)雜性可以為創(chuàng)新和新穎的方法打開大門，以確保即使我們受傷，也不必承受痛苦。）可推知，作者認(rèn)為對(duì)于長期疼痛的患者來說，不僅僅是依賴藥物或手術(shù)，還應(yīng)該徹底了解疼痛的原因，獲得對(duì)痛苦的徹底理解。故選D項(xiàng)。4.主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第四段中“IfMRIdoesn’texplainlong-lastingpains,whatdoes?Onemajorfactorisourmentality.”（如果核磁共振不能解釋持久疼痛，那什么能解釋呢？一個(gè)主要因素是我們的心態(tài)。）可知，全文主要討論了關(guān)于疼痛的話題，指出核磁共振（MRI）并非判斷疼痛的可靠指標(biāo)，并提出長期疼痛的一個(gè)重要因素是我們的心態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)了全面理解疼痛及其起源的重要性。因此，最適合的標(biāo)題是“疼痛的起源”。故選A項(xiàng)。（2024·河南·模擬預(yù)測）“Twinkle,Twinkle,LittleStar”couldeventuallybecomelessofababylullabyandmoreofanelegy(挽歌).Seeingstarskeepsgettingmoredifficultbecauseartificiallightingismakingthenightskyabout10%brightereachyear,accordingtoastudythatanalyzedreportsfrommorethan50,000amateurstargazers.That’samuchfasterrateofchangethanscientistspreviouslyestimatedlookingatsatellitedata.Toillustratethechange,researchersgavethisexample:Achildisbornwhere250starsarevisibleonaclearnight.Bythetimethatchildturns18,only100starsarestillvisible.“Wearelosing,yearbyyear,thepossibilitytoseethestars,whichhasbeenauniversalhumanexperience,”saidFabioFalchi,aphysicistatChile’sUniversityofSantiagodeCompostela.“Ifyoucanstillseethedimmeststars,youareinaverydarkplace.Butifyouseeonlythebrightestones,youareinaverylight-pollutedplace.”“Priorstudiesofartificiallighting,whichusedsatelliteimagesoftheEarthatnight,hadestimatedtheannualincreaseinskybrightnesstobeabout2%ayear,”saidChristopherKyba,aphysicistattheGermanResearchCentreforGeosciencesinPotsdam.Butthesatellitesusedweren’tabletodetectlightwithwavelengthstowardtheblueendofthespectrum(光譜)—includingthelightfromenergy-efficientLEDbulbs.MorethanhalfofthenewoutdoorlightsinstalledintheUnitedStatesinthepastdecadehavebeenLEDlights,accordingtotheresearchers.Thesatellitesarealsobetteratdetectinglightthatscatters(散射)upward,likeaspotlight,thanlightthatscattershorizontally(水平地).GeorgetownUniversitybiologistEmilyWilliams,whowasnotpartofthestudy,said,“Skyglowdisturbscircadianrhythmsinhumansandotherformsoflife.Migratorysongbirdsnormallyusestarlighttofindoutwheretheyareintheskyatnight.Andwhenseaturtlebabieshatch,theyuselighttoorienttowardtheocean—lightpollutionisahugedealforthem.”5.Whatdidtheresearchers,exampleindicateinparagraph3?A.Therapiddecreaseinstarvisibility. B.Theseverityofoutdoorairpollution.C.Children’sfondnessforaclearnightsky. D.People’sregretforlostchildhoodactivities.6.Whichofthefollowingwasadisadvantageofsatellitesusedinpreviousstudies?A.Itcouldn’tdiscoverthebluecolor. B.Itfailedtodetectthewholespectrum.C.ItwassensitivetolightfromLEDbulbs. D.Itcouldn’tfindhorizontallightresources.7.WhatisEmilyWilliams’attitudetotheeffectsoflightpollution?A.Tolerant. B.Concerned. C.Unclear. D.Doubtful.8.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.StarsAreDisappearingfromtheNightSkyB.TheMeaningBehindaTraditionalBabySongC.LightPollutionHarmsWildlifeandEcosystemsD.SatellitesUsedinMeasuringNightSkyBrightness【答案】5.A6.D7.B8.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了由于人造照明的增加，夜空的亮度每年以大約10%的速度增長，導(dǎo)致星星的可見性迅速減少。研究者通過例子說明了這一變化，并指出人造照明的增加速度比之前通過衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)估計(jì)的要快。5.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Toillustratethechange,researchersgavethisexample:Achildisbornwhere250starsarevisibleonaclearnight.Bythetimethatchildturns18,only100starsarestillvisible.(為了說明這種變化，研究人員舉了一個(gè)例子：在晴朗的夜晚，一個(gè)孩子出生時(shí)可以看到250顆星星。當(dāng)這個(gè)孩子18歲的時(shí)候，只有100顆星星是可見的。)”可知，研究者通過一個(gè)孩子從出生到18歲時(shí)星星可見數(shù)量的變化，說明了星星可見性的快速下降。故選A。6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“Butthesatellitesusedweren’tabletodetectlightwithwavelengthstowardtheblueendofthespectrum(光譜)—includingthelightfromenergy-efficientLEDbulbs.(但是使用的衛(wèi)星無法探測到波長接近光譜藍(lán)色末端的光，包括節(jié)能LED燈泡發(fā)出的光。)”以及本段中“Thesatellitesarealsobetteratdetectinglightthatscatters(散射)upward,likeaspotlight,thanlightthatscattershorizontally(水平地).(衛(wèi)星在探測像聚光燈一樣向上散射的光方面也比探測水平散射的光要好。)”可知，先前使用的衛(wèi)星無法檢測到波長偏向光譜藍(lán)色端的光，包括節(jié)能LED燈泡發(fā)出的光，同時(shí)先前使用的衛(wèi)星更擅長檢測向上散射的光，而不是水平散射的光即它的缺點(diǎn)是找不到水平的光源。故選D。7.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“GeorgetownUniversitybiologistEmilyWilliams,whowasnotpartofthestudy,said,“Skyglowdisturbscircadianrhythmsinhumansandotherformsoflife.Migratorysongbirdsnormallyusestarlighttofindoutwheretheyareintheskyatnight.Andwhenseaturtlebabieshatch,theyuselighttoorienttowardtheocean—lightpollutionisahugedealforthem.”(喬治城大學(xué)的生物學(xué)家EmilyWilliams沒有參與這項(xiàng)研究，她說:“天光擾亂了人類和其他生命形式的晝夜節(jié)律。遷徙的鳴禽通常在夜間利用星光來確定它們?cè)谔炜罩械奈恢?。?dāng)海龜寶寶孵化時(shí)，它們利用光來定位海洋——光污染對(duì)它們來說是一個(gè)巨大的問題?！?”可知，EmilyWilliams提到了光污染對(duì)人類和其他生物生物鐘的干擾，以及對(duì)遷徙鳥類和海龜幼崽導(dǎo)航能力的影響，顯示出她對(duì)光污染影響的關(guān)心。故選B。8.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Seeingstarskeepsgettingmoredifficultbecauseartificiallightingismakingthenightskyabout10%brightereachyear,accordingtoastudythatanalyzedreportsfrommorethan50,000amateurstargazers.That’samuchfasterrateofchangethanscientistspreviouslyestimatedlookingatsatellitedata.(一項(xiàng)研究分析了來自5萬多名業(yè)余觀星者的報(bào)告，發(fā)現(xiàn)觀測星星越來越困難，因?yàn)槿斯ふ彰魇挂箍彰磕曜兞?0%左右。這比科學(xué)家先前通過衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)估計(jì)的變化速度要快得多。)”以及通讀全文，文章主要討論了由于人造照明的增加，夜空的亮度每年以大約10%的速度增長，導(dǎo)致星星的可見性迅速減少。研究者通過例子說明了這一變化，并指出人造照明的增加速度比之前通過衛(wèi)星數(shù)據(jù)估計(jì)的要快。A選項(xiàng)“StarsAreDisappearingfromtheNightSky(星星正在從夜空中消失)”概括文章主要內(nèi)容，符合標(biāo)題。故選A。（2024·北京昌平·二模）In1992,EdwarddeBonoarguedthat“creativityisthemostimportanthumanresourceofall.”Butmightcomputershavethecapacitytobecreative?Couldartificialintelligenceoutperformusineventhemosthumanofphenomena?ThesequestionshavemovedtotheforefrontofsocietywiththelaunchofChatGPTandDALL-E,twopowerfuldeeplearningmodelscapableofcreatingart.Wherehumancreativitycomesfromisacomplexandheavily-debatedtopic.Onetheorysupposesthatcreativityemergesfromsolvingproblemsinnewways.ThegamedesignerMarkRosewaterexplainsthat“ifyouusethesameneuralpathways,yougettothesameanswers,andwithcreativity,that’snotyourgoal.”ButstudiesfromtheUniversityofVirginiasuggesthumansmostdefault(默認(rèn))tosolvingproblemsbybuildingonknownsolutions,restrictingoriginality.Someneuroscientistsproposeanothertheoryregardingcreativity.ResearchfromtheUniversityofCalgaryrevealsthatwhenbeingcreative,humansdon’tusethesamebrainregionsassociatedwiththoughtandproblem-solving,implyingthatcreativityisprimarilyanunconsciousprocess.Accordingtothistheory,thebrainsolvesproblemsbestwhennotdirectlyfocusingonthemusingthefrontallobe(前額葉),insteadlettingtheotherpartsofthebraintakeover.A.I.cannotcurrentlyemulate(仿真)thefullcomplexityofthehumanmind.Dothesedeeplearningnetworksevenhavetherequiredcomponentsthatweusewhenwearecreative?DouglasHofstadterexplainshow“emergentphenomena,”suchascreativity,correspondtoconnectionsbetweenlevelswithinmentalsystems.Similarconnectionscouldexistinartificialneuralnetworks,evenifthemechanicsdiffer.Forexample,modernartificialintelligenceemploysattentioncircuitsthatmaycauseittobehavesimilarlytothefrontallobewheremostofthebrain’sfocusingtendenciescomefrom.Theemergentnatureofcreativityopensthedoorforsimilartendenciesinmachines,buttheyaretunedsocarefullytocopyexistingideasthatitmaynotbeenoughfortrueoriginality.Mr.Rosewater’stheoryoncreativitysuggeststhatforA.I.tobecreative,itshouldbeabletosolveproblemsinnewways,whichisdifficultbecauseA.I.isbasedsoheavilyonalreadyexistingideas.Alternatively,ifcreativityisanunconsciousprocessastheUniversityofCalgaryresearchsuggests,thenitoccursmostlyoutsidethefrontallobeandmaynotexistinmachinelearningnetworks.Eitherway,currentA.I.probablylacksthecapacityforgenuinecreativityandoriginality,butitcancombineexistingideasininterestingways.Thequestionofmachinecreativityhasrepercussionsinmanyareas,suchasdevelopingcopyrightlawregardingA.I.works,consideringA.I.submissionsinartcontests,anddeterminingtheuseofChatGPTasatoolforschoolassignments.Creativitymaybe,atleastfornow,auniquehumanquality.Computersarenotyetstartingrevolutionaryartisticmovements,buttheyarealreadycombiningwhatexistsintosomethingnew,challengingustolookdeeperintoourowncreativity.9.Aboutthesourceofhumancreativity,researchfromtheUniversityofCalgarydiscoversthat______.A.humancreativityheavilyreliesontheexistingideasB.dealingwithproblemshelpsdevelophumancreativityC.beingcreativeiscloselyrelatedtocertainbrainregionsD.humancreativityisaprocessthathappensautomatically10.Theauthorwouldprobablyagreethat______.A.effortsshouldbeputintothestudyofhumancreativityB.creativitycanbeattainedconsciouslyonmostoccasionsC.A.I.createsbetterthanhumansinsomeareasatpresentD.humansneedmachinestobemorecreativeinvariousareas11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“repercussions”inParagraph5probablymean?A.Influences. B.Objections. C.Doubts. D.Causes.12.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ComputingCreativity:Isitagoodthing?B.ComputingCreativity:Canitbepossible?C.HumanCreativity:Whydoeshumandevelopit?D.HumanCreativity:HowcanA.I.helphumancreate?【答案】9.D10.A11.A12.B【導(dǎo)語】本文一篇說明文。文章討論了人工智能是否具備創(chuàng)造力，與人類創(chuàng)造力的對(duì)比，探討了創(chuàng)造力的起源及其與問題解決的關(guān)系，認(rèn)為雖然人工智能能夠結(jié)合現(xiàn)有的想法創(chuàng)造新的作品，但其缺乏真正的創(chuàng)造力和原創(chuàng)性。9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ResearchfromtheUniversityofCalgaryrevealsthatwhenbeingcreative,humansdon’tusethesamebrainregionsassociatedwiththoughtandproblem-solving,implyingthatcreativityisprimarilyanunconsciousprocess.(卡爾加里大學(xué)(UniversityofCalgary)的研究表明，當(dāng)人們富有創(chuàng)造力時(shí)，大腦中負(fù)責(zé)思考和解決問題的區(qū)域并不相同，這意味著創(chuàng)造力主要是一個(gè)無意識(shí)的過程)”可知，卡爾加里大學(xué)的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)創(chuàng)造力是一個(gè)無意識(shí)的過程，是一個(gè)自動(dòng)發(fā)生的過程。故選D項(xiàng)。10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Wherehumancreativitycomesfromisacomplexandheavily-debatedtopic.Onetheorysupposesthatcreativityemergesfromsolvingproblemsinnewways.ThegamedesignerMarkRosewaterexplainsthat“ifyouusethesameneuralpathways,yougettothesameanswers,andwithcreativity,that’snotyourgoal.”ButstudiesfromtheUniversityofVirginiasuggesthumansmostdefault(默認(rèn))tosolvingproblemsbybuildingonknownsolutions,restrictingoriginality.Someneuroscientistsproposeanothertheoryregardingcreativity.ResearchfromtheUniversityofCalgaryrevealsthatwhenbeingcreative,humansdon’tusethesamebrainregionsassociatedwiththoughtandproblem-solving,implyingthatcreativityisprimarilyanunconsciousprocess.Accordingtothistheory,thebrainsolvesproblemsbestwhennotdirectlyfocusingonthemusingthefrontallobe(前額葉),insteadlettingtheotherpartsofthebraintakeover.(人類創(chuàng)造力的來源是一個(gè)復(fù)雜且備受爭議的話題。有一種理論認(rèn)為，創(chuàng)造力來自以新方式解決問題。游戲設(shè)計(jì)師馬克·羅斯沃特解釋說，“如果你使用相同的神經(jīng)路徑，你會(huì)得到相同的答案，而創(chuàng)造力不是這樣。”但弗吉尼亞大學(xué)的研究表明，人類通常默認(rèn)通過構(gòu)建已知的解決方案來解決問題，從而限制了原創(chuàng)性。一些神經(jīng)科學(xué)家提出了關(guān)于創(chuàng)造力的另一種理論?？柤永锎髮W(xué)的研究表明，在進(jìn)行創(chuàng)造性活動(dòng)時(shí)，人類并不使用與思考和解決問題相關(guān)的同樣腦區(qū)，這暗示著創(chuàng)造力主要是一種無意識(shí)的過程。根據(jù)這一理論，大腦在不直接使用前額葉集中注意力時(shí)最能解決問題，而是讓大腦的其他部分接管)”可知，人類創(chuàng)造力的來源是一個(gè)復(fù)雜且備受爭議的話題，現(xiàn)存許多不同的研究理論，由此推知，作者可能會(huì)贊成我們應(yīng)該努力研究人類的創(chuàng)造力這一觀點(diǎn)。故選A項(xiàng)。11.詞句猜測題。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)和劃線詞后“inmanyareas,suchasdevelopingcopyrightlawregardingA.I.works,consideringA.I.submissionsinartcontests,anddeterminingtheuseofChatGPTasatoolforschoolassignments(在許多領(lǐng)域，例如制定有關(guān)人工智能作品的版權(quán)法，考慮藝術(shù)比賽中的人工智能在提交的作品，以及確定將ChatGPT用作完成學(xué)校作業(yè)的工具)”可推知，人工智能創(chuàng)造力的問題會(huì)對(duì)下文列舉的這些領(lǐng)域產(chǎn)生影響，故劃線詞repercussions與influences同義。故選A項(xiàng)。12.主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段中“Butmightcomputershavethecapacitytobecreative?Couldartificialintelligenceoutperformusineventhemosthumanofphenomena?ThesequestionshavemovedtotheforefrontofsocietywiththelaunchofChatGPTandDALL-E,twopowerfuldeeplearningmodelscapableofcreatingart.(但是，計(jì)算機(jī)有創(chuàng)造力嗎？人工智能能在最人性化的現(xiàn)象上超越我們嗎？隨著ChatGPT和DALL-E這兩個(gè)能夠創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)的強(qiáng)大深度學(xué)習(xí)模型的推出，這些問題已經(jīng)走到了社會(huì)的前沿)”和最后一段中“Computersarenotyetstartingrevolutionaryartisticmovements,buttheyarealreadycombiningwhatexistsintosomethingnew,challengingustolookdeeperintoourowncreativity.(計(jì)算機(jī)還沒有開始革命性的藝術(shù)運(yùn)動(dòng)，但它們已經(jīng)將現(xiàn)有的東西結(jié)合成新的東西，挑戰(zhàn)我們更深入地審視自己的創(chuàng)造力)”可知，文章討論了探討了人工智能是否可以模仿人類的創(chuàng)造力以及這一過程中涉及的復(fù)雜性。故“ComputingCreativity:Canitbepossible?(計(jì)算機(jī)創(chuàng)造力：可能嗎？)”是最佳標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。細(xì)節(jié)理解題1+3篇【名師點(diǎn)津】“細(xì)節(jié)理解題”的最優(yōu)處理方法：第一、快速通讀全文，把握大意。細(xì)節(jié)理解題分直接細(xì)節(jié)理解題、間接細(xì)節(jié)理解題和綜合細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二、結(jié)合題干鎖定原文答題區(qū)間，圈劃關(guān)鍵詞句，留意正確選項(xiàng)與原文之間是同義轉(zhuǎn)換或高度概括。第三、比對(duì)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容，采用“排除法”，防止偷換概念、以偏概全、過于絕對(duì)化等確定最佳答案。【高考真題】(2024新課標(biāo)II卷第25-27題)Doyouevergettothetrainstationandrealizeyouforgottobringsomethingtoread?Yes,weallhaveourphones,butmanyofusstillliketogooldschoolandreadsomethingprinted.Well,there’sakiosk(小亭)forthat.IntheSanFranciscoBayArea,atleast.“Youenterthefaregates(檢票口)andyou’llseeakioskthatislitupandittellsyoucangetaone-minute,athree-minute,orafive-minutestory,”saysAliciaTrost,thechiefcommunicationsofficerfortheSanFranciscoBayAreaRapidTransit—knownasBART.“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.”It’sthatsimple.Ridershaveprintednearly20,000shortstoriesandpoemssincetheprogramwaslaunchedlastMarch.Someareclassicshortstories,andsomeareneworiginalworks.Trostalsowantstointroducelocalwriterstolocalriders.“WewantedtodosomethingwherewedoacalltoartistsintheBayAreatosubmitstoriesforacontest,”Trostsays.“Andasofrightnow,we’vereceivedabout120submissions.Thewinningstorieswouldgointoourkioskandthenyouwouldbeapublishedartist.”Ridershipontransit(交通)systemsacrossthecountryhasbeendownthepasthalfcentury,socouldshortstoriessavetransit?Trostthinksso.“Attheendofthedayalltransitagenciesrightnowaredoingeverythingtheycantoimprovetheriderexperience.SoIabsolutelythinkwewillgetmoreridersjustbecauseofshortstories,”shesays.Andyou’llneverbewithoutsomethingtoread.24.WhydidBARTstartthekioskprogram?A.Topromotethelocalculture. B.Todiscouragephoneuse.C.Tomeetpassengers’needs. D.Toreduceitsrunningcosts.25.Howarethestoriescategorizedinthekiosk?A.Bypopularity. B.Bylength.C.Bytheme. D.Bylanguage.26.WhathasTrostbeendoingrecently?A.Organizingastorycontest. B.Doingasurveyofcustomers.C.Choosingaprintpublisher. D.Conductinginterviewswithartists.27.WhatisTrost’sopinionaboutBART’sfuture?A.Itwillclosedown. B.Itsprofitswilldecline.C.Itwillexpandnationwide. D.Itsridershipwillincrease.【答案】24.C25.B26.A27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要報(bào)道了舊金山灣區(qū)捷運(yùn)系統(tǒng)(BART)推出自動(dòng)售貨亭提供短篇故事打印服務(wù)，旨在滿足乘客閱讀需求，提升出行體驗(yàn)，Trost認(rèn)為此舉措能吸引更多乘客，對(duì)BART未來持樂觀態(tài)度，預(yù)期乘客量將會(huì)增長。24.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段““Youenterthefaregates(檢票口)andyou’llseeakioskthatislitupandittellsyoucangetaone-minute,athree-minute,orafive-minutestory,”saysAliciaTrost,thechiefcommunicationsofficerfortheSanFranciscoBayAreaRapidTransit-knownasBART.“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.”(舊金山灣區(qū)捷運(yùn)系統(tǒng)（BART）首席通訊官AliciaTrost表示：“你進(jìn)入檢票口，會(huì)看到一個(gè)亮著燈的信息亭，它告訴你可以得到一分鐘、三分鐘或五分鐘的報(bào)道。你可以選擇你想要的長度，它會(huì)給你一個(gè)類似收據(jù)的短篇故事。”)”可知，BART啟動(dòng)信息亭是為了滿足乘客在乘車過程中的閱讀需求，為他們提供不同長度的短篇故事或詩歌來打發(fā)時(shí)間。故選C項(xiàng)。25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Youchoosewhichlengthyouwantanditgivesyouareceipt-likeshortstory.(你可以選擇你想要的長度，它會(huì)給你一個(gè)類似收據(jù)的短篇故事)”可知，信息亭中的故事按長度分類，乘客可以根據(jù)自己的需求選擇不同長度的故事。故選B項(xiàng)。26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“WewantedtodosomethingwherewedoacalltoartistsintheBayAreatosubmitstoriesforacontest,(我們想做一些事情，呼吁灣區(qū)的藝術(shù)家為比賽提交故事)”以及第六段“Thewinningstorieswouldgointoourkioskandthenyouwouldbeapublishedartist.(獲獎(jiǎng)故事會(huì)進(jìn)入我們的信息亭，然后你就會(huì)成為一名出版藝術(shù)家)”可知，Trost最近在組織一個(gè)故事競賽，向?yàn)硡^(qū)的藝術(shù)家征集故事，獲勝作品將被放入售貨亭供乘客閱讀。故選A項(xiàng)。27.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Attheendofthedayalltransitagenciesrightnowaredoingeverythingtheycantoimprovetheriderexperience.SoIabsolutelythinkwewillgetmoreridersjustbecauseofshortstories,”shesays.(她說：“歸根結(jié)底，所有的交通機(jī)構(gòu)現(xiàn)在都在盡一切努力改善乘客體驗(yàn)。所以我絕對(duì)認(rèn)為，我們會(huì)因?yàn)槎唐≌f而吸引更多的乘客?！?”可知，Trost認(rèn)為通過提升乘客體驗(yàn)，包括提供短篇故事閱讀服務(wù)，BART可以吸引更多的乘客，乘客量將會(huì)增加。故選D項(xiàng)。【名校模擬】（24-25高三上·廣西柳州·開學(xué)考試）FrankHerbert’ssciencefictionDunewasthefirstcoming-of-agestorythathelpedmesurvivemelonelyjuniorhighschool.Atage12,mylifewastheliny,boringcycleofhome,schoolandmyparentsstore.DunebrokeitallopenandledmetoauniversethatmademylittleworldalotmorebearableunlikeHoldenCaulfieldwhokeptbreakingwindowsinTheCatcherintheRvehyJ.D.Sailingèr,Dune’smaincharacter,PaulAtreides,equippedmewithajunior-highsurvivalguide.Paulisnotaclassicunderdog.He’sthesonofaking.He’sbeentrainedsincebirthinwararts,politicsandcriticalsurvivalskillsbyagroupofsmartandexperiencedmenwithimpossible-to-pronouncenames.Butwhenhisworldisturnedupsidedown—whenheleaveshishome,loseshisfatherandentersaphysicallyandpoliticallyhostileenvironment—hedoesn’tcomplainandcry.Headapts.Tothisday,Icanstillrecitehiswordsagainstfear:“Imustnotfear.Fearisthemind-killer.Fearisthelittle-deaththatbringstotaldestruction.Iwillfacemyfear.Iwillpermitittopassovermeandthroughme.Andwhenithasgonepast,Iwillturntheinnereyetoseeitspath.Wherethefearhasgonetherewillbenothing.OnlyIwillremain.”Thesteadydietofliteraryfictionassignedbymyteacherswasescapist(逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)的)andtheveryactofreading(whateverthecontent)usuallytookmeoutofagivenmoment,butdidn’tprovidemuchadviceonhowtofacemydailyconflictsandpainfulinsecurity.Dunewasescapist,too.However,itwasexpansiveandliterallyredefinedpossibilityformewhohadbeenstrugglingalongwitheyesontheground,justt