北京市2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第二次普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語試卷 含解析

2024年北京市第二次普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語試卷考生須知1．考生要認(rèn)真填寫考場號和座位序號。2．本試卷共10頁，四道大題(共100分)。3．試題所有答案必須填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。選擇題必須用2B鉛筆作答：非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆作答。4．考試結(jié)束后，考生應(yīng)將試卷和答題卡按要求放在桌面上，待監(jiān)考員收回。一、聽力理解(共25小題;每小題1分，共25分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1分，共20分)聽下面十段對話或獨(dú)白，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。每段對話或獨(dú)白你將聽兩遍。聽第1段材料，回答第1題。1．Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?A．Rainy.B．Windy.C．Sunny.聽第2段材料，回答第2題。2．Whatkindofcardoesthemanwanttorent?A．Small-size.B．Mid-size.C．Full-size.聽第3段材料，回答第3題。3．Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A．Athome.B．Inadepartmentstore.C．Onabus.聽第4段材料，回答第4題。4．Whenwillthetwospeakersmeet?A．At1:00pm.B．At2:00pm.C．At2:10pm.聽第5段材料，回答第5題至第6題。5．Wheredidthewomangointhemorning?A．Tothewoods.B．Totheschool.C．Tothelibrary.6．WhatwasBobdoingwhenthewomanmethim?A．Swimming.B．Makingbookmarks.C．Fishing.聽第6段材料，回答第7題至第8題。7．Wheredoesthewomanwanttogo?A．Toahotel.B．Toabookstore.C．Toabank.8．Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A．Classmates.B．Strangers.C．Neighbours.聽第7段材料，回答第9題至第11題。9．Whatistheman’slifelikeincollege?A．Relaxing.B．Busy.C．Boring.10．Whatistheman’smajor?A．Computerscience.B．French.C．Hotelmanagement.11．Wheredoesthewomanworkforherpart-timejob?A．Inacollege.B．Inatheatre.C．Inarestaurant.聽第8段材料，回答第12題至第14題。12．Whyisthewomansohappy?A．Shehaspassedherdrivingtest.B．Shehashadanicedinner.C．Shehasmetagoodfriend.13．Whatfoodarethetwospeakersgoingtoeat?A．Italianfood.B．Chinesefood.C．Frenchfood.14．Whatdoesthemanlikeabouttherestauranttheyaregoingto?A．Theenvironment.B．Thefood.C．Theservice.聽第9段材料，回答第15題至第17題。15．Whatisthewomandoing?A．Makingasurvey.B．Askingtheway.C．Goingtowork.16．Howdoesthemangotowork?A．Bybus.B．Bysubway.C．Bytrain.17．Whatdoesthemancomplainabout?A．Busescometoolate.B．Rushhoursaretoolong.C．Thesubwayistoocrowded.聽第10段材料，回答第18題至第20題。18．Whatwillawinnerof“GuessWho”get?A．Abook.B．Acard.C．Aballoon.19．WhatcanyoubringonthePetsDay?A．Photos.B．Plants.C．Gifts.20．Whenwillthebigbirthdaypartybeheld?A．OnTuesday.B．OnWednesday.C．OnFriday.第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1分，共5分)聽下面一段對話，根據(jù)題目要求在答題卡相應(yīng)題號后的橫線上寫下第21題至第25題的關(guān)鍵信息。此段對話你將聽兩遍。LibraryCardPhotoName:Olivia21Age:22Department:the23DepartmentTime:24afternoonandFridaymorning.ReadingPreferences:literatureand25二、完形填空(共15小題;每小題1分，共15分)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。24-year-oldVictoriaArlenhasasaying:“FaceIt,EmbraceIt,DefyIt,ConquerIt.”ThisattitudeiswhatdrovehertoovercomedisabilityandbecomeaParalympicgoldmedalswimmer,aTVprogrammehostess,andamotivationalspeaker.Arlenwasanactivechildwhoenjoyedswimminganddancing.____1____,whenshewas11yearsold,shesuddenlygot____2____.Herconditiongotworseandworseuntilshefellintoacoma(昏迷).Threeandahalfyearslater,hermindawokebutherbodydidn’t.Shecould____3____theoutsideworld,butnoonewasawareofthis.Sherecalledhearingdoctorstellherfamilysheprobablywouldn’t____4____it.Shesaid,“Iwasconstantlyfightingthispulltojustgiveup,butIhadsomuchIwantedtolivefor.”____5____,Arlen’sfamilynevergaveuponher.Onedayin2010,Arlenwasfinallyabletosenda____6____tothem:sheblinked(眨眼).Afterthat,sheslowlylearnedhowtomove,eat,andspeakagain.Shewaspracticallyheroldself,exceptthatherlegswereparalysed(癱瘓的).Doctorssaidshewouldbeinawheelchairfortherestofherlife,butshedidn’tletthisgether____7____.Althoughunabletowalk,Arlenwasexcitedtoreturntoher____8____life.Shewentbacktoschoolandworkedhardto____9____.Shealsogotbackintothepool,learningtoswimwithouttheuseofherlegs.Twoyearslater,shecompetedinthe2012ParalympicGamesinLondon,______10______threesilvermedalsandagoldmedal.AfterhersuccessintheParalympics,Arlen’s______11______storyspread.Shebegantospeakateventsandontelevision.OneTVprogrammetooknoticeofher,andshebecameoneoftheiryoungesthostseveratage21.Duringallthis,Arlennevergaveupon______12______again.Eventually,shefoundaparalysisrecoverycentrewillingtohelphertrytogetbackonherfeet.Afterintensetraining,shelearnedtowalkeventhoughshestillcouldn’tfeelherlegs.She______13______learnedtodanceandcompetedin“DancingwiththeStars”,achildhooddreamofhers.Today,Arlenisdevotedto______14______others.ShefoundedVictoria’sVictoryFoundationtohelpthosedealingwithdisabilityandhascontinuedtoinspirepeoplewithheramazingstoryofperseverance(不屈不撓的精神).Forher,it’sallaboutgivingothers______15______andshowingthemthatnothingisimpossible.1.A.However B.Therefore C.Otherwise D.Instead2.A.lost B.sick C.angry D.bored3.A.smell B.see C.hear D.touch4.A.forget B.know C.believe D.make5.A.Thankfully B.Unfortunately C.Strangely D.Regretfully6.A.wave B.report C.signal D.letter7.A.down B.off C.in D.away8.A.hard B.normal C.modern D.private9.A.compete B.run C.play D.graduate10.A.returning B.selling C.designing D.winning11A.funny B.ordinary C.inspiring D.simple12.A.walking B.jumping C.climbing D.talking13.A.only B.just C.still D.even14.A.following B.helping C.visiting D.greeting15.A.truth B.luck C.hope D.notice【答案】1.A2.B3.C4.D5.A6.C7.A8.B9.D10.D11.C12.A13.D14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述的是殘疾人Arlen克服殘疾，成為殘奧會游泳金牌得主、電視節(jié)目主持人和勵志演說家以及她建立慈善組織幫助他人的勵志故事?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當(dāng)她11歲的時候，她突然生病了。A.However然而；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否認(rèn)；D.Instead反而。根據(jù)上文的“Arlenwasanactivechildwhoenjoyedswimminganddancing.”可知，Arlen是一個活潑喜歡游泳和跳舞的孩子，結(jié)合下文的“whenshewas11yearsold,shesuddenlygot____2____.”可知，在她11歲的時候應(yīng)該是發(fā)生了不幸的事情，上下文之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以此處表示“然而”符合邏輯。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當(dāng)她11歲的時候，她突然生病了。A.lost丟失的；B.sick生病的；C.angry生氣的；D.bored厭倦的。根據(jù)下文的“Herconditiongotworseandworseuntilshefellintoacoma(昏迷).”可知，她的情況越來越糟糕，最后陷入昏迷，由此可知，此處指的是她突然生病了，符合語境。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她能聽到外面世界的聲音，但沒有人意識到這一點(diǎn)。A.smell聞；B.see看見；C.hear聽見；D.touch觸碰。根據(jù)下文的“Sherecalledhearingdoctorstellherfamilysheprobablywouldn’t____4____it.”可知，她能聽到一聲跟她家人說的話，所以此處指的是“聽見”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她回憶起醫(yī)生告訴她的家人，她可能活不下去了。A.forget忘記；B.know知道；C.believe相信；D.make制作。根據(jù)下文的“Shesaid,“Iwasconstantlyfightingthispulltojustgiveup,butIhadsomuchIwantedtolivefor.””可知，她聽到醫(yī)生對家人說的話，她一直在和放棄的想法作斗爭，她有很多想要活下去的事情，由此可推斷，此處指的是醫(yī)生跟她家人說的是她核能活不下去了，makeit意為“幸免于難，渡過難關(guān)”符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：謝天謝地，Arlen的家人從未放棄過她。A.Thankfully幸虧；B.Unfortunately不幸地；C.Strangely奇怪地；D.Regretfully遺憾地。根據(jù)語境和下文的“Arlen’sfamilynevergaveuponher.”可知，在醫(yī)生告訴她的家人，她活不了后，她的家人沒有放棄，所以此處應(yīng)為“幸虧”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：2010年的一天，Arlen終于能夠向他們發(fā)出一個信號：她眨眼了。A.wave波浪；B.report報(bào)告；C.signal信號；D.letter信件。根據(jù)下文的“sheblinked.”可知，她眨了下眼，這是Arlen身體能動的一個信號，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞和副詞詞義辨析。句意：醫(yī)生說她將在輪椅上度過余生，但她并沒有因此而沮喪。A.down沮喪，情緒低落；B.off不新鮮；C.in在里面；D.away離開。根據(jù)常理和上文的“Doctorssaidshewouldbeinawheelchairfortherestofherlife”可知，醫(yī)生說她將會余生在輪椅上度過，結(jié)合but可知，此處指的是這樣的信息沒有讓她感到沮喪。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然不能走路，阿倫還是很興奮能回到正常的生活。A.hard困難的；B.normal正常的；C.modern現(xiàn)代的；D.private私人的。根據(jù)上文的“Althoughunabletowalk,Arlenwasexcited”以及下文的“Shewentbacktoschooland…”可知，雖然不能走路，但是Arlen仍然很高興，而且她能重回學(xué)校上學(xué)，由此可知，此處指的是她很高興能過上正常的生活。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她回到學(xué)校，努力學(xué)習(xí)畢業(yè)。A.compete競爭；B.run運(yùn)行；C.play玩耍；D.graduate畢業(yè)。根據(jù)常理和上文的“Shewentbacktoschoolandworkedhard”可知，她重回學(xué)校并且努力學(xué)習(xí)為了可以畢業(yè)。故選D項(xiàng)。10題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：兩年后，她參加了2012年倫敦殘奧會，贏得了三枚銀牌和一枚金牌。A.returning歸還；B.selling售賣；C.designing設(shè)計(jì)；D.winning贏得。根據(jù)下文的“AfterhersuccessintheParalympics”可知，她在殘奧會上取得成功，由此可知，此指的是贏得了三枚銀牌和一枚金牌。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在她在殘奧會上取得成功后，Arlen鼓舞人心的故事傳開了。A.funny滑稽可笑的；B.ordinary普通的；C.inspiring鼓舞人心的；D.simple簡單的。根據(jù)上文的“ThisattitudeiswhatdrovehertoovercomedisabilityandbecomeaParalympicgoldmedalswimmer,aTVprogrammehostess,andamotivationalspeaker.”可知，Arlen克服殘疾，成為殘奧會游泳金牌得主、電視節(jié)目主持人和勵志演說家，由此可知，關(guān)于她的故事應(yīng)該是鼓舞熱心的。故選C項(xiàng)。【12題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在這期間，Arlen從來沒有放棄過行走。A.walking走路；B.jumping跳躍；C.climbing攀爬；D.talking談話。根據(jù)語境和下文的“Eventually,shefoundaparalysisrecoverycentrewillingtohelphertrytogetbackonherfeet.”可知，一個康復(fù)中心愿意幫助她再站起來，由此可知，此處指的是Arlen從未放棄過能夠走路，符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：她甚至學(xué)會了跳舞，并參加了“與星共舞”的比賽，這是她童年的夢想。A.only僅僅；B.just恰好；C.still仍然；D.even甚至。根據(jù)上文的“Afterintensetraining,shelearnedtowalkeventhoughshestillcouldn’tfeelherlegs.”可知，在經(jīng)過高強(qiáng)度的訓(xùn)練，她學(xué)會了走路，結(jié)合下文的“l(fā)earnedtodanceandcompetedin“DancingwiththeStars””可知，她學(xué)會了跳舞，還參加“與星共舞”的比賽，這比簡單的學(xué)會走路難度更大，由此可知，此處應(yīng)為“甚至”符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如今，Arlen致力于幫助他人。A.following跟隨；B.helping幫助；C.visiting參觀；D.greeting問候。根據(jù)下文的“ShefoundedVictoria’sVictoryFoundationtohelpthosedealingwithdisability…”可知，她成立了維多利亞勝利基金會來幫助那些殘疾人，由此可知，此處指的是Arlen致力于幫助他人。故選B項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：對她來說，這一切都是為了給別人希望，告訴他們沒有什么是不可能的。A.truth真理；B.luck幸運(yùn)；C.hope希望；D.notice注意。根據(jù)下文的“andshowingthemthatnothingisimpossible.”可知，她告訴他們沒有什么是不可能的，由此可知，這給人們帶來的是希望。故選C項(xiàng)。三、閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，40分)第一節(jié)(共16小題;每小題2分，共32分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATHEDEEPVisitTHEDEEPandexploretheamazingoceanfloor.Discoverthestoryoftheworld’sseasandoceansonanexcitingjourney.ThisisEurope’sdeepestseawateraquarium(水族館)containing2.5millionlitresofwaterand87tonnesofsalt—hometothemanyinterestingseaanimalsyouwillseehere.AMAZINGEXPERIENCESINTHEDEEP·Rideinanunderwaterglasslift,whilesurroundedbysharks,hogfish,andhundredsofotherstrangeseaanimals.·Driveasubmarine(潛水器)intheresearchstation,DeepBlueOne,deepdownontheoceanfloor.·WalktheoceanfloorinEurope’sdeepestviewingtunnel(隧道),alongpassageunderwater,whilesandtigersharksandleopardsharksmovequietlyoveryourhead.·Watchthesharksfeeding—dailyat2pm.OPENINGTIMES10amto6pmdaily(lastticket5pm).HOWTOFINDUSFollowsignstoHullCityCentre,thenlocalsignsforTHEDEEP.WatchoutfortheHullNavigatorsintheiryellowandreduniforms(制服).Theycarryawealthofknowledgeandexperience—allyouneedtodoisask.VISITINGTHECITYCombineyourvisittoTHEDEEPwithawalkalongHull’shistoricwalkways,filledwithcafes,barsandrestaurants.16.WhatexactlyisTHEDEEP?A.Akindoffish. B.Aseawateraquarium.C.Astoryoftheseas. D.Thenameofarestaurant.17.Youcanwalktheoceanfloor________.A.inamuseum B.inaglassliftC.inaviewingtunnel D.inaresearchstation18.WhattimedoesTHEDEEPclose?A.At2pm. B.At4pm. C.At5pm. D.At6pm.19.Theauthorwritesthepassageto________.A.attracttourists B.introduceacityC.explainasecret D.shareknowledge【答案】16.B17.C18.D19.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了THEDEEP水族館的特色體驗(yàn)和開放時間，吸引游客前來參觀?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)THEDEEP部分第二段中“ThisisEurope’sdeepestseawateraquarium(水族館)containing2.5millionlitresofwaterand87tonnesofsalt—hometothemanyinterestingseaanimalsyouwillseehere.(這是歐洲最深的海水水族館，含有250萬升水和87噸鹽——這里是眾多有趣海洋動物的家園)”可知，THEDEEP是一個海水水族館。故選B。【17題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AMAZINGEXPERIENCESINTHEDEEP部分的第三段中“WalktheoceanfloorinEurope’sdeepestviewingtunnel(隧道),alongpassageunderwater,whilesandtigersharksandleopardsharksmovequietlyoveryourhead.(在歐洲最深的觀賞隧道中漫步于海底，這是一條位于水下的長通道，同時沙虎鯊和豹鯊會靜靜地在你的頭頂上方游動)”可知，你可以在觀景隧道里漫步于海底。故選C?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)右下框中“OPENINGTIMES:10amto6pmdaily(lastticket5pm).(開放時間：每日上午10點(diǎn)至下午6點(diǎn)(最后入場時間為下午5點(diǎn)))”可知，THEDEEP在下午6點(diǎn)關(guān)門。故選D?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容及THEDEEP部分第一段中“VisitTHEDEEPandexploretheamazingoceanfloor.Discoverthestoryoftheworld’sseasandoceansonanexcitingjourney.(參觀THEDEEP，探索神奇的海底世界。在一次激動人心的旅程中，發(fā)現(xiàn)世界海洋的故事)”可知，文章詳細(xì)介紹了THEDEEP的各種體驗(yàn)和開放時間，以及如何找到這個地方。這些信息顯然是為了吸引游客前來參觀。故選A。BFruitForAllOnedayin2020,ahighschoolstudentnamedZachSelbyfoundoutawaytohelppeoplewhoneedfood.Theorganisationshelearnedabouttakeextrafruitfromfruittreesandgiveittolocalfoodbanks.Selbydecidedhecouldstarthisowngroupinhisneighbourhood.HecalledthegroupFruitForAll(FFA).Itisanon-profitgroupthatcollectsextrafruitfromhomeowners’treesanddonatesittolocalfoodbanks.TomakeFFAsuccessful,Selbyneededeagervolunteersandtreeswithfruit.Selbyaskedcommunitymemberstocallorcontacthimonlineandlethimknowwhethertheyhadtreeswithextrafruit.Atfirst,itwasdifficulttofindpeoplewhowerewillingtocontributethefruitintheirtrees.ButasnewsofSelby’sideaspread,peoplecontactedhim.Soon,FFAwasreally“growing”!WiththehelpofhisbrotherJackandothervolunteers,Selbyhasgatheredanddonatedmorethan70,000poundsoffruittolocalfoodbanks.Thegroupusuallyworksontheweekends,andthevolunteerstravelasfaras20milesfromSelby’shouse.Thevolunteersusuallygatherabout500poundsoffruiteachweekend.Butoneweekendtheycollectedover2,000poundsoffruit!FFAalsohasawebsitethatexplainsthegroup’sgoal,whichistoinspirepeopletohelp.Visitorstothewebsitelearnthreewaystheycantakepartin.Theycanallowvolunteerstopickfruitfromtheirtrees.Theycanvolunteertopickfruit.AndtheycanstartanFFAgroupintheirownarea.PeoplewhoareinterestedcanalsousethewebsitetoaskSelbyandJackquestionsandpostcomments.Morevolunteersarejoiningin.Althoughthecontributionsmightbesmall,theycanmakeabigdifference.WiththehelpfromgroupslikeFFA,morepeopleareabletoenjoydeliciousfruit.20.WhatdoesFFAdo?A.Itoffersfruitclasses. B.Itgrowsandsellsfruit.C.Itbuildsafoodfactory. D.Itcollectsanddonatesfruit.21.WhatdidSelbyneedtomakeFFAsuccessfulatthestart?A.Foodmarkets. B.Volunteers.C.Websitedesigners. D.Money.22.WebsitevisitorscanhelpFFAby________.A.explainingitsgoal B.visitingneighboursC.startingtheirlocalFFA D.developinginterestinplanting23.WhatkindofboyisSelbyaccordingtothepassage?A.Caring. B.Patient. C.Polite. D.Strict.【答案】20.D21.B22.C23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述ZachSelby創(chuàng)建FFA非營利組織，來從房主的樹上收集額外的水果，并將其捐贈給當(dāng)?shù)氐氖称枫y行。【20題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Itisanon-profitgroupthatcollectsextrafruitfromhomeowners’treesanddonatesittolocalfoodbanks.(這是一個非營利組織，從房主的樹上收集額外的水果，并將其捐贈給當(dāng)?shù)氐氖称枫y行。)”可知，F(xiàn)FA主要工作是收集和捐贈水果。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“TomakeFFAsuccessful,Selbyneededeagervolunteersandtreeswithfruit.(為了使FFA取得成功，Selby需要熱心的志愿者和結(jié)滿果實(shí)的樹木。)”可知，Selby需要志愿者讓FFA在一開始就取得成功。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段“Visitorstothewebsitelearnthreewaystheycantakepartin.Theycanallowvolunteerstopickfruitfromtheirtrees.Theycanvolunteertopickfruit.AndtheycanstartanFFAgroupintheirownarea.(該網(wǎng)站的訪問者學(xué)習(xí)了三種參與方式。他們可以讓志愿者從他們的樹上摘水果。他們可以自愿摘水果。他們可以在自己的地區(qū)成立一個FFA小組。)”可知，網(wǎng)站訪問者可以通過啟動當(dāng)?shù)氐腇FA來幫助FFA。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Onedayin2020,ahighschoolstudentnamedZachSelbyfoundoutawaytohelppeoplewhoneedfood.Theorganisationshelearnedabouttakeextrafruitfromfruittreesandgiveittolocalfoodbanks.Selbydecidedhecouldstarthisowngroupinhisneighbourhood.HecalledthegroupFruitForAll(FFA).Itisanon-profitgroupthatcollectsextrafruitfromhomeowners’treesanddonatesittolocalfoodbanks.(2020年一天，一位名叫ZachSelby的高中生找到了一種幫助需要食物的人的方法。他了解到的組織從果樹上摘下多余的水果，并將其捐給當(dāng)?shù)氐氖称枫y行。Selby決定他可以在附近成立自己的團(tuán)體。他稱該組織為“全民水果”（FFA）。這是一個非營利組織，從房主的樹上收集額外的水果，并將其捐贈給當(dāng)?shù)氐氖称枫y行。)”以及下文可知，文章主要講ZachSelby創(chuàng)建FFA非營利組織，來從房主的樹上收集額外的水果，并將其捐贈給當(dāng)?shù)氐氖称枫y行。由此可知，ZachSelby是一個充滿關(guān)愛的人。故選A項(xiàng)。CManystudieshaveshownthatdrinkingplentyofwateradayisgoodforourhealth.Peoplearepayingcarefulattentiontothatadvice,andmillionsofpeoplechoosetobuybottledwatertodrink.Unfortunately,manyoftheseplasticwaterbottlesarebeingthrownaway.Itcantakecenturiesforthesebottlestobreakdown.Forthelastseveralyears,threedesignersfromImperialCollegeinLondon,England,havebeenworkingtoaddresstheproblemofplasticbottles.Theteam’sgoalisto“makepackagingwastedisappear”.Toachievethatgoal,thesedesignershavedevelopedauniqueproductcalledOoho.Believeitornot,theOohoisseveralsmallmouthfulsofwaterwrappedinagolf-ball-sizedbubble(泡泡).Youcanmakeaholeinitsskinanddrinkthewateroutofit.Youcanalsothrowtheentirebubbleinyourmouth—nobottleneeded!Ooho’sskinismadefromseaweed(海草).Itisnearlytastelessandeasyforthebodytotakein.Ifpeoplewouldrathernoteatit,however,theskincanbethrownaway.Inlessthanamonth,itwillbreakdowncompletely.Theskinisveryaffordabletomake.Firstaballofwaterisfrozeninaspecialchemicalsolution(化學(xué)溶液).Next,itisputinasolutionmadeofbrownseaweed.Eachbubblecostslessthantwocentstomake.Itis,therefore,afarcheaperreplacementforplasticbottles.Thethreedesignershavebeenfiguringouttheflawsandsearchingforpossiblesolutions.Forexample,theOohoisgreatifsomeonejustwantsasinglemouthfulofwater.Butwhatifthepersonisespeciallythirstyandwantsmore?Theyareexploringtheideaofmakingbiggerbubblesandalsosearchingforawaytoconnectseveralbubblestogether.Anotherproblemwiththeproducthasbeenhowtotransportitinpackagingthatissafefortheenvironmentbutstillprotectsthebubblesfrombreaking.TofindoutifpeopleareinterestedinOoho,thedesignershaveplansinplacetohandouttheirbubblesnextyearatsportingeventslikemarathons,aswellasatentertainmentsites.IfOohobecomespopular,peopleacrossthecountrymaysoonfindthemselveseatingtheirwaterinsteadofdrinkingit!24.Theauthorwritesthefirstparagraphto________.A.answeraquestion B.expressanopinionC.presentaproblem D.provideanexample25.WhatisOoho?A.Aprotectiveskin. B.Bubbledwater.C.Achemicalsolution. D.Plasticmaterial.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“flaws”inParagraph5mostprobablymean?A.Functions. B.Wonders. C.Purposes. D.Weaknesses.27.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.WaterThatYouCanEat B.WaystoProducePlasticBottlesC.WasteThatPollutesOurPlanet D.BubblestoImproveOurHealth【答案】24.C25.B26.D27.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講的是來自英國倫敦帝國理工學(xué)院的三位設(shè)計(jì)師開發(fā)了一種名為Ooho的獨(dú)特產(chǎn)品，旨在解決塑料水瓶的浪費(fèi)問題?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Unfortunately,manyoftheseplasticwaterbottlesarebeingthrownaway.Itcantakecenturiesforthesebottlestobreakdown.(不幸的是，許多塑料水瓶都被扔掉了。這些瓶子可能需要幾個世紀(jì)才能分解)”可推知，作者寫第一段是為了呈現(xiàn)一個問題，即塑料要很長時間才能分解。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Believeitornot,theOohoisseveralsmallmouthfulsofwaterwrappedinagolf-ball-sizedbubble(泡泡).(信不信由你，Ooho就是幾口水包裹在一個高爾夫球大小的泡泡里)”可知，Ooho是泡泡里的水。故選B?！?6題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Forexample,theOohoisgreatifsomeonejustwantsasinglemouthfulofwater.Butwhatifthepersonisespeciallythirstyandwantsmore?Theyareexploringtheideaofmakingbiggerbubblesandalsosearchingforawaytoconnectseveralbubblestogether.Anotherproblemwiththeproducthasbeenhowtotransportitinpackagingthatissafefortheenvironmentbutstillprotectsthebubblesfrombreaking.(例如，如果有人只想要一口水，Ooho就很棒。但如果這個人特別渴，想要更多呢？他們正在探索制造更大氣泡的想法，同時也在尋找一種將幾個氣泡連接在一起的方法。該產(chǎn)品的另一個問題是如何用對環(huán)境安全的包裝運(yùn)輸，同時仍能保護(hù)氣泡不破裂)”可知，這三個設(shè)計(jì)師一直都在找出這個產(chǎn)品的缺點(diǎn)，并尋找解決辦法。由此可知，劃線詞flaws的意思是“缺點(diǎn)”，和weaknesses意思相近。故選D?！?7題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第三段“Believeitornot,theOohoisseveralsmallmouthfulsofwaterwrappedinagolf-ball-sizedbubble(泡泡).Youcanmakeaholeinitsskinanddrinkthewateroutofit.Youcanalsothrowtheentirebubbleinyourmouth—nobottleneeded!(信不信由你，Ooho就是幾口水包裹在一個高爾夫球大小的泡泡里。你可以在它的皮膚上打一個洞，然后喝里面的水。你也可以把整個泡泡扔進(jìn)嘴里——不需要瓶子！)”可知，本文主要講的是來自英國倫敦帝國理工學(xué)院的三位設(shè)計(jì)師開發(fā)了一種名為Ooho的獨(dú)特產(chǎn)品，旨在解決塑料水瓶的浪費(fèi)問題。由此可知，最好的題目是A選項(xiàng)“WaterThatYouCanEat(你可以吃的水)”。故選A。DThere’safamousstoryaboutNASAandtheRussianspaceprogramme.ItissaidthatNASAspentmillionsofdollarsdevelopingapenthatwouldwriteinspace.TheRussians,ontheotherhand,justusedapencil.Thisstoryisn’ttrue,butithelpsillustratetheusefulnessofpencils.TheearliestformofthepencilwasametalstickthatwasusedbytheRomans.Thepencilthatweknow,however,gotitsstartinEnglandin1564.Inthatyear,farmersinacountynorthofLondondiscoveredgraphite(石墨),whichtheycalled“blacklead”andusedtomarksheep.Therewasonlyoneproblem:thegraphiteblackenedtheirhandsandclothes.Topreventthisfromhappening,theycoveredsheepskinaroundgraphitesticks.TheItaliansfinallythoughtofputtingthegraphiteintoawoodenholder.Atfirst,theydugoutwoodandslidthegraphitein.Later,though,theyputthegraphitebetweentwopiecesofwoodandgluedthewoodtogether.Then,in1662,someGermanslearnedhowtousepowdered(粉末的)graphiteandbeganmass-producingpencils.Thenextmajordevelopmentoccurredinthemid-18thcentury,whenwarbrokeoutbetweenEnglandandFrance.SinceEnglandhadtheonlysourceofgraphite,Francewasunabletoimportthemineral.ThisledaFrenchmantomixclay(黏土)withthegraphitepowderthathehad.Bychangingtheamountofgraphiteinthemixture,hecouldcontrolthehardnessanddarknessofthepencil.TheHB(HardnessandBlackness)systemofpencilswasthusborn.Soonafterthat,pencilswereproducedinlargenumbersandbecamecommoneverywhere.Pencilsareprimarilyusedtowrite,buttheycanserveinotherrolestoo.Forexample,rubapenciloveranewly-boughtkeytoensurethatitslideseasilyintoalock.Thismethodalsoworkswithzippers(拉鏈)thatarerepeatedlygettingstuck.Additionally,useitasareplacementforarulertohelpyoudrawstraightlines.Today,morethan15billionpencilsaremadeeachyear.Formany,thepencilistheirpreferredchoiceforawritingtool.Itsdesignmayhavechangedthroughouttheyears,yetitsusefulnesshasallowedittocontinuemakingamarkonourlives.28.WhatdoesthestoryabouttheRussianspaceprogrammehelptoshow?A.Thedarknessofpencils. B.Theweaknessofpencils.C.Thehardnessofpencils. D.Theusefulnessofpencils.29.Whowerethefirsttothinkofputtingthegraphiteintoawoodenholder?A.Italians. B.Germans. C.Englishmen. D.Frenchmen.30.Whatmadepencilsbecomecommoneverywhere?A.Theoutbreakofawar. B.Theuseofgluedwood.C.ThebirthoftheHBsystem. D.Theimportofthegraphite.31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theeffectofpencils. B.Thehistoryofpencils.C.Thedesignofpencils. D.Thevarietyofpencils.【答案】28.D29.A30.C31.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了鉛筆的歷史、發(fā)展、用途及其在人們生活中的持續(xù)影響?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thisstoryisn’ttrue,butithelpsillustratetheusefulnessofpencils.(這個故事不是真的，但它有助于說明鉛筆的有用性)”可知，關(guān)于俄羅斯太空計(jì)劃的故事有助于展示鉛筆的用處。故選D?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheItaliansfinallythoughtofputtingthegraphiteintoawoodenholder.(意大利人最后想到了把石墨放進(jìn)一個木架里)”可知，意大利人是第一個想到把石墨放進(jìn)木架里的人。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“TheHB(HardnessandBlackness)systemofpencilswasthusborn.Soonafterthat,pencilswereproducedinlargenumbersandbecamecommoneverywhere.(HB（硬度和黑度）鉛筆系統(tǒng)就這樣誕生了。此后不久，鉛筆大量生產(chǎn)，并在各地變得普遍)”可知，讓鉛筆變得無處不在的是HB系統(tǒng)的誕生。故選C?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第二段“TheearliestformofthepencilwasametalstickthatwasusedbytheRomans.(最早的鉛筆是羅馬人使用的一根金屬棒)”和最后一段“Today,morethan15billionpencilsaremadeeachyear.Formany,thepencilistheirpreferredchoiceforawritingtool.Itsdesignmayhavechangedthroughouttheyears,yetitsusefulnesshasallowedittocontinuemakingamarkonourlives.(如今，每年生產(chǎn)的鉛筆超過150億支。對許多人來說，鉛筆是他們首選的書寫工具。隨著時間的推移，它的設(shè)計(jì)可能會發(fā)生變化，但它的實(shí)用性使它繼續(xù)在我們的生活中留下印記)”可知，本文介紹了鉛筆的歷史、發(fā)展、用途及其在人們生活中的持續(xù)影響。由此可知，B選項(xiàng)“Thehistoryofpencils.(鉛筆的歷史)”能夠概括文章主旨。故選B。第二節(jié)(共4小題：每小題2分，共8分)閱讀下面短文和問題，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容和每小題后的具體要求，在答題卡相應(yīng)題號后的橫線上寫下相關(guān)信息，完成對該問題的回答。Thecombisacommontoolindailylife.Itwasinvented6,000yearsago.Atfirst,theshapeofacombwasbasedontheshapeofpeople’shands.Andthisshapeisstillwidelyused.TheChinesecombhasalongandrichhistory.Itisoneofthetraditionalhandicrafts(手工藝)inChina.Inoldtimes,traditionalChinesecombsweremadefrombamboo,woodandanimalbones.Theyweredecoratedinvariousways.Andpicturesofnaturalscenes,birdsandanimalscouldbefoundonthem.IttakesalongtimeandexcellentskilltomakeaChinesewoodencomb.28stepsareneededtomakeone,includingcutting,boiling,dryinganddecorating.Dryingisthestepthattakesthelongesttimeintheprocess.Itcantakeaslongasoneyear.Becausetheyarehandmade,everycombisdifferentfromothers.FortheChinesepeople,thecombisnotonlyausefultool,butalsohasmeanings.Inoldtimes,afamilymemberwouldcombawoman’shairbeforeherwedding.Peoplebelievethatbyfollowingthecustom,thecouplewillstaytogetheruntiltheirhairgreys.Itisalsoawaytowishthecouplemanychildrenandgrandchildren.Thisnotonlycontainsthebestwishesofthefamilybutalsopassestheirlovetotheyoungcouple.TheChinesecombisanimportantpartoftraditionalChineseculture.Withthedevelopmentofsocietypeoplebegintorealizethecombisspecialandvaluable.Nowadays,Chinesecombsarebecomingpopularagainbecausepeoplebelievecombinghairisgoodfortheirhealth.Ithelpshairgrow,makeshairhealthyandstopshairloss.Inthemodernsociety,usingtheChinesecombhasbecomeanewtrend(潮流).32.Whenwasthecombinvented?(不多于三個單詞)___________________________________________________________________33.WhatpicturescouldbefoundonChinesecombs?(不多于七個單詞)___________________________________________________________________34.WhatisthestepthattakesthelongesttimeinmakingaChinesewoodencomb?(一個單詞)___________________________________________________________________35.WhyareChinesecombsbecomingpopularagain?(不多于十個單詞)_____________________________________________________________