語法復(fù)習(xí) 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣

高三英語抓專題復(fù)習(xí)要點(diǎn)回顧與精講專題12情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣【考綱解讀】情態(tài)動詞與虛擬語氣有千絲萬縷的聯(lián)系，它們往往放在一起考查?？v觀近幾年的高考題可以看出，高考對情態(tài)動詞的考查熱點(diǎn)依次是：（1）推測和可能性；（2）“情態(tài)動詞+havedone”結(jié)構(gòu)表示猜測或表示虛擬語氣；（3）shall,should,can,must表示特定語氣。尤其是對“情態(tài)動詞+havedone”結(jié)構(gòu)的考查頻率較高。試題的情景設(shè)置往往生動、真實(shí)，但考查的角度趨于細(xì)微化和綜合化，有效信息較為隱蔽，這就決定了情態(tài)動詞題是難題之一。虛擬語氣是高考熱點(diǎn)，考生需要注意if條件從句中虛擬語氣的用法、含蓄條件句中虛擬語氣的用法和名詞性從句中虛擬語氣的用法；以及虛擬語氣中倒裝的出現(xiàn)；虛擬語氣用于定語從句等。二【考點(diǎn)聯(lián)想】三【基礎(chǔ)強(qiáng)化】---語境填空：Passage1---用適當(dāng)?shù)那閼B(tài)動詞填空使得短文語意完整通順（必要處要用否定）。TheKing’sNewClothes皇帝的新裝Manyyearsago,therewasakingwholikednewclothesverymuch.Oneday,twostrangerscameandsaid,“We1_______makethemostwonderfulclothesintheworld.”Theytoldthekingtheclothes2._______helphimtotellthewisefromthefoolish.“That’sgreat!”saidtheking.“Iwillbeabletotellwhichofmyministersarestupid.”“Ofcourse!”saidoneofthestrangers.“Infact,thekinginourkingdom3_______dothatyearsago.”“4_______wemaketheclothesinsidethepalace?”oneofthemasked.“Certainly,you5_______,”saidtheking.Sothekinggavethestrangersalotofgoldcoins.Afterafewdays,thekingsenthisoldministertoseethestrangers.“How6______thisbetrue?”Thepoorministeropenedhiseyeswide,forhecouldn’tseeanyclothinthestrangers’room.“AmIfoolish?No,it7________betrue.”Buthesmiled,saying,“Itisreallywonderful.You8______berewarded.”Andhecamebacktotellthekingwhatniceclotheshehad“seen”.Hedarednottellthetruth.“Now,I9_______rulemycountryinanewway.I10_______liketoseetheclothmyself,”thekingsaidtohimself.Sohedid.Thetwomencameovertotheking.“YourMajesty,11_______youpleasetakeoffyourshoessothatwecantakeyourmeasurements?”“OK.You12_______haveexperiencedmuchpain.13_______Icallforsomementohelpyou?”askedtheking.“Noyouneedn’t/don’thaveto.We14_______wantoutsiderstobotherus.”Thegreatmomenthadcomeatlast.Peoplelinedbothsidesofthestreettoseetheking’snewclothes.What15_______theyseeontheking?1.can/areableto2.could/wasableto3.would/wasableto4.Could/Can/May/Might5.can6.can7.can’t8.shall9.should10.would11.will/would/could12.must13.Shall/Can/May14.won’t15.wouldPassage2---根據(jù)中文提示及句式結(jié)構(gòu)完成下面短文中的空白部分。Todaymostleaderstravelinbulletproof(防彈的)cars.1_________（如果受到攻擊），thesecarswouldbestrongenoughtoprotectthem.Ifyouwereapresident,2_______________（你不會乘敞篷車外出旅行）.It’sdangeroussometimes.ButPresidentJohnF.Kennedy,thethirty-fifthPresidentoftheUnitedStates,likedridinginanopencar.OnNovember22,1963,hewasshotdeadinDallas,Texas,whilehewasridinginanopencar.Manypeoplethinkitwasfoolishofhimtobeinanopencar.Ifhehadnotbeeninanopencar,3__________（他就不會遭到槍擊）.4______________（要是坐在封閉的防彈車?yán)铮?hewouldnothavebeensobadlywounded.Immediatelyafterhisdeath,aperson,LeeHarveyOswaldwasarrested.Twodayslater,asOswaldwasbeingsenttoaprison,hehimselfwaskilledbyagunmaninthecrowd.Soaninvestigationtookplacetofindoutthetruthbehindthedeaths.ItwasbelievedthatOswald5_____________（一定是）thepersonwhoshotKenndy.However,manytheorieshavebeenmadeaboutwhyhedidit.SomepeoplethinkOswald6___________（或許是）acrazypersonwhothoughthecouldgetattentionbykillingafamousperson.AnothertheorystatesthathemighthavebeenaspyfromRussia.HadOswaldnotbeenkilledbeforebeingsenttoprison,7_____________（許多問題都會迎刃而解的）now.Eventhoughthishappenedmanyyearsago,peoplearestillinterestedintheevent.1.Iftheywereattacked,2.youwouldnotoftentravelinanopencar3.hewouldn’thavebeenshot4.Ifhehadbeeninacoveredbulletproofcar5.musthavebeen6.might/could/mayhavebeen7.manyquestionswouldbeanswered四【真題提能】1.【2012江西】WehaveboughtsomuchfoodnowthatSuziewon’tbewithusfordinner. A．maynot B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t2.【[2012湖南]Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI____time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou. A.havehad B.hadhad C.have D.had3.【2012重慶】---____youinterruptnow?Can’tyouseeI’monthephone?---SorrySir,butit’surgent.A.CanB.ShouldC.MustD.Would4.【2012遼寧】Oneofourrulesisthateverystudentwearschooluniformwhileatschool.A.mightB.couldC.shallD.will5.【2012四川】IgotcloseenoughtohearthemspeakingChinese,andIsaid“NiHao”justasI____doinChina.A.mustB.mightC.canD.should6.【2012陜西】Ifmaycar_________morereliable,IwouldhavedriventoLhasainsteadofflyinglastsummer. A.was B.hadbeen C.shouldbe D.wouldbe7.【2012陜西】I______thankyoutoomuchforallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome.A.won’tB.can’tC.canD.will8.【2012北京】We______thedifficultytogether,butwhydidn’tyoutellme?A.shouldface B.mightfaceC.couldhavefaced D.musthavefaced9.【2012北京】Don’thandlethevaseasifit________madeofsteel.A.is B.were C.hasbeen D.hadbeen10.【2012天津】Wewouldn’thavecalledataxiyesterdayifHarold__________usaridehome. A.didn’toffer B.wouldn’toffer C.hasn’toffered D.hadn’toffered11.【2012全國】Iuseaclocktowakemeupbecauseatsixo'clockeachmorningthetraincomesbymyhouse.A.couldn'tB.mustn't C.shouldn'tD.needn't12.【2012山東】Ifwe_______adequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn’thavebeensosuccessful.A.haven’tmade B.wouldn’tmake C.didn’tmake D.hadn’tmade13.【2012福建】Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe________moreplacesofinterestyesterday.A.visited B.hadvisited C.wouldvisit D.wouldhavevisited14.【2012江蘇】Dayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,but _________saywherehewas.A.mustn't B.shouldn't C.wouldn't D.mightn't15.【2012安徽】Gracedoesn'twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe_______there,shewouldn'tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.A.livesB.wouldliveC.havingaskedD.Weretolive16.【2011全國】Theyhavearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.A.willB.canC.mustD.should17.【2011全國II】Ifyousmoke,pleasegooutside.A.canB.shouldC.mustD.may18.【2011北京】——Idon’treallylikeJames.Whydidyouinvitehim?——Don’tworry.Hecome.Hesaidhewasn’tcertainwhathisplanswere.A.mustnotB.neednotC.wouldnotD.mightnot19.【2011北京】——Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.——Iwishtheyalwayslate.A.weren’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.wouldn’thavebeen20.【2011北京】MaybeifIscience,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wasstudying21.【2011天津】I______soonerbutIdidn’tknowthattheywerewaitingforme.A.hadcomeB.wascomingC.wouldcomeD.wouldhavecome22.【2011江蘇】——Ileftmyhandbagonthetrain,butluckilysomeonegaveittoarailwayofficial.——Howunbelievabletogetitback!Imean,someone______it.A.willhavestolenB.mighthavestolenC.shouldhavestolenD.musthavestolen23.【2011福建】——ShallIinformhimofthechangeoftheschedulerightnow?——Iamafraidyou_____,incasehecomeslateforthemeeting.A.willB.mustC.mayD.can24.【2011福建】——Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.——Iit,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended25.【2011四川】Thepolicestillhaven’tfoundthelostchild,butthey’redoingallthey.A.canB.mayC.mustD.should26.【2011重慶】——Whydidn’tyoucometoSimon’spartylastnight?——Iwantedto,butmymomsimply_________notletmeoutsolateatnight.A.couldB.mightC.wouldD.should27.【2011陜西】I__________throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.A.couldn’thavegoneB.didn’tgoC.wouldn’tgoD.hadn’tgone28.【2011陜西】——Willyoureadmeastory,Mummy?——OK.You________haveoneifyougotobedassoonaspossible.A.mightB.mustC.couldD.shall29.【2011江西】It_______bethepostmanatthedoor.It’sonlysixo’clock.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.won’tD.needn’t30.【2011江西】We_____John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.A.willputB.willhaveputC.wouldputD.wouldhaveput31.【2010安徽】Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe_______。A.wasbusy B.isbusy C.hadbeenbusy. D.willbebusy32.【2010湖南】Ifhemyadvice,hewouldn'thavelosthisjob.A.followed B.shouldfollow C.hadfollowed D.wouldfollow33.【2010山東】I_______havewatchedthatmovie—it’llgivemehorribledreams.A.shouldn’tB.needn’tC.couldn’tD.mustn’t34.【2010江蘇】Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe_______moreonitsculture.A.focusB.focusedC.wouldfocusD.hadfocused35.【2010江蘇】—Ihaven’tgotthereferencebookyet,butI’llhaveatestonthesubjectnextmonth.—Don’tworry.You______haveitbyFriday.A.couldB.shallC.mustD.may【真題答案】1.【答案】B【解析】maynot不可以，needn’t不需要，can't不可能，mustn't絕不可能本句句意為：既然Suzie不和我們一起吃晚飯，所以我們就不需要買這么多食物。2.【答案】D【解析】從句中用一般過去時(shí)表現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)。動詞的時(shí)態(tài)條件狀語從句中的虛擬語氣一般過去式表對現(xiàn)在的假設(shè)3.【答案】C【解析】句意：“——你現(xiàn)在一定要打斷我嗎？難道你不能看到我在打電話嗎？——對不起，先生，事情很急?！备鶕?jù)語境結(jié)合選項(xiàng)的詞義，C選項(xiàng)符合題意。因此，正確答案為C選項(xiàng)。4.【答案】C【解析】Shall用于第二、第三人稱，表示說話人給對方命令、警告、允諾或威脅。這兒是說根據(jù)學(xué)校規(guī)定學(xué)生在校時(shí)都必須要穿校服。5.【答案】B【解析】句意為：我靠他們足夠的近以聽見他們說漢語，而且我會像我在中國可能做的那樣說“你好”。might表示“可能”。故選B。6.【答案】B【解析】根據(jù)主語的謂語動詞可知題干是表示與過去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，從句謂語動詞用haddone，選B。7.【答】B【解析】所填情態(tài)動詞與too構(gòu)成固定句型can’t/couldn’t…too…，意思是：再……都不為過，選B。8.【答案】C?！究键c(diǎn)】虛擬語氣考點(diǎn)，對過去的虛擬，本能……。9.【答案】B?！窘馕觥繉ΜF(xiàn)在的虛擬用were。10.【答案】D11.【答案】D【解析】此處考查情態(tài)動詞，needn’t+動詞原形表示：沒有必要做某事。句意：我沒有必要用鬧鐘喚醒我，因?yàn)槊刻煸缟?點(diǎn)火車都經(jīng)過我的房子。12.【答案】D【解析】在虛擬條件句中，表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況，從句用過去完成時(shí)，主句用wouldhavedone的形式。句意：如果我們沒有做好充分的準(zhǔn)備，會議就不會這樣成功。13.【答案】D14.【答案】C【解析】mustn’t意為“禁止”；shouldn’t意為“不應(yīng)該”；wouldn’t意為“不愿意”；mightn’t意為“或許不”。句意為：幾天后，我哥哥打電話說他一切很好，但不愿意說他在哪兒。根據(jù)句意可知，應(yīng)選C項(xiàng)。15.【答案】D【解析】在表示將來的情況下，主句中第一人稱可用should，其他人稱用would；從句中任何人稱都用should,不可用would.此處weretolive用于虛擬語氣，表示與將來的事實(shí)相反。16.【答案】D【解析】句意為“他們本該午飯時(shí)到達(dá)，但他們的航班推遲了?！眞illhavedone將來可以完成；canhavedone可能做過……嗎？表示對過去行為的懷疑，用于疑問句；musthavedone一定做過某事，表示對過去事情的肯定推測；shouldhavedone本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒做。buttheirflightwasdelayed這樣的結(jié)果，說明他們本來該到達(dá)卻沒有到達(dá)，因此選D。17.【答案】C【解析】句意為“如果你非得要抽煙，請到外面去抽?！眒ust(表示主張)一定要，堅(jiān)持要。根據(jù)后一句pleasegooutside的要求，選C。18.【答案】D【解析】句意為“——我真不喜歡James。你為何請了他？——?jiǎng)e擔(dān)心。他可能來不了。他說他的計(jì)劃還沒安排好?！鳖}干中的hewasn’tcertain說明他可能不來，可能來，因此使用不完全否定mightnot。選D。19.【答案】A【解析】句意為“——孩子們哪兒去了？這頓飯快要吃不起來了。——我但愿他們不要老是遲到?！眞ish引出虛擬語氣，題干中出現(xiàn)always，從句虛擬使用一般過去時(shí)。選A。20.【答案】C【解析】句意為“或許當(dāng)初我要是學(xué)了理科而不是文科，現(xiàn)在就能給你更多的幫助。”then表示過去的時(shí)間，if引導(dǎo)的從句是對過去的虛擬，因此使用過去完成時(shí)。選C。21【答案】D【解析】句意為“我本來可以早點(diǎn)來，但我真不知道他們在等我?！眀utIdidn’tknow表示了過去時(shí)間，因此前句是對過去的虛擬，用主語+should/would/could/might+havedone表達(dá)，故選D。22.【答案】B【解析】句意為“——我把我的手提包落在火車上了。但幸運(yùn)的是，有人拾到交給了鐵路部門?！Ф鴱?fù)得，簡直難以置信！我是說，本來可能有人會偷了去?！眞illhavedone將來可以完成，musthavedone一定做過某事，表示對過去事情的肯定推測，都與題意不符。shouldhavedone本來應(yīng)該做某事，而實(shí)際沒做，這就意味著希望有人偷包。mighthavestolen過去可能做過，語氣比較婉轉(zhuǎn)或不肯定，根據(jù)句意選B。23.【答案】B【解析】句意為“——需要我現(xiàn)