安徽省六安市第一中學高三下學期質量檢測（一）英語試題

六安一中2024屆高三年級質量檢測卷英語試卷（一）時間：120分鐘總分：150分第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whereisthewomanprobablyfrom?A.Peru.B.Britain.C.Mexico.2.Whatwillthemandotonight?AAttendaparty.B.Replytoaninvitation.C.Practisefootball.3.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofheroldroommate?A.Selfcentered.B.Considerate.C.Cautious.4.Whatshouldthecitydoaccordingtothewoman?A.Createmorejobs.B.Improvetheairquality.C.Closesomebusinesses.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theirinsufficientsleep.B.Theirprettydormitory.C.Theunusualweather.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whattimeisitwhentheconversationhappens?A.At2:50pm.B.At3:20pm.C.Around3:10pm7.Whatdoesthewomanplantodowiththepaper?A.Tonotedownthesolareclipse（日食）.B.Tostopthebirdssinging.C.Toprotecthereyes.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Howdoesthewomanfeelnow?A.Excited.B.Upset.C.Angry9.Whatdidthewomandowell?A.Drivinguphill.B.Makingturns.C.Parking10.Whydidthewomanhitacar?A.Shefailedtousethehandbrake.B.Shedidn'tturnherhead.C.Shedrovetoofast.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Wheredidthemanstartmakingpots?A.InIndia.B.InScotland.C.InAustria.12.Whydidthemantravelattheverybeginning?A.Topursuearomanticrelationship.B.Tofindoutwhathewasinterestedin.C.Tolearnhowtomakebeautifulpots.13.Whatcanbeknownaboutthemanafter1970?A.Hemadelargerobjectsformuseums.B.Heproducedobjectsfordomesticuse.C.Hefocusedonmakingsmallbowlsonly.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.WhoareGrigoriLup'sregularcustomers?A.Performers.B.Housewives.C.Businessmen.15.WhydidGrigoriLupmakesuchshoes?A.Toprotestagainsttherestrictions.B.Tomakepeoplekeepsocialdistance.C.Todrawattentionfromsocialmedia.16.WhathappenedafterGrigoriLuppostedpicturesonsocialmedia?A.Hewasteasedbyothershoemakers.B.Hegotsomeordersacrosstheworld.C.Hewasurgedtoproducedifferentstyles.17.HowlongdoesittakeGrigoriLuptomakesuchapairofshoes?A.Oneandahalfdays.B.Twodays.C.Threedays聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Thelocationofeachsession.B.Theavailabilityofcoolingsystem.C.Thearrangementfortheupingmeeting.19.Whatdoweknowabouttheconferenceprogram?A.Thenewversionhasbeensenttoattendees.B.Amajorpresenterhasquitduetotheheat.C.There'sachangeofplantosomesessions.20.Whatactivitycanpeopledothere?A.Havedrinkswiththemanagementbesidethepool.B.Haveaprivatelunchat11:30inthediningroom.C.Havefreesnacksservedalldayinthehotelcafe.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。AThesocialpurposeofthecopyrightsystemistoencouragecreativityandtheadvancementofknowledgebygivingthosewhomakeintellectual(智力的)contributionsa“uniquerighttotheirwritingsanddiscoveries”forlimitedtimes.Protectionisprovidedforamuchlongertimeforcopyrightsthanforpatents.TheU.S.CopyrightLawof1976providesatermorthelifetimeoftheauthorplus50years.Itrecognizesthatthevalueofwrittenworksoftenextendsoveralongertimethanthatoftechnologicaladvancesinthepublicarea.Itisessentialtoregisterforformalcopyrightprotectioninordertohavesomedegreeofprotectionagainstthecopyrightofone’sworksbyothers.Theprocedureforobtainingacopyrightregistrationisquitesimple—anapplicationissubmittedwithasmallfeeandtwocopiesofthework.Noexaminationismade,andthecopyrightisimmediatelyinforce.TheCopyrightOfficewillprovideonrequestavarietyofleaflets(小冊子)describingtheprocedureandgivinginformationabouttheclassesofsubjectmatterthatcanberegistered.Thosearesubjecttoprotection:(1)Booksandnewspapers(2)Lectures(3)Dramaticpositions(4)Films(5)Maps(6)Worksofant(7)Soundrecordings(8)Photographs(9)Printsandlabels(10)MusicalpositionsThosearenotsubjecttoprotection:(1)Ideas(2)Systems,methodsandplans(3)Governmentpublications(4)LawsandopinionsofcourtsYoucancontacttheCopyrightOffice()formoreinformation.1.Inwhichaspectdocopyrightsdifferfrompatents?A.Theapplicationfee. B.Thedurationofprotection.C.Theintellectualvalue. D.Thecontributiontosociety.2.Whichofthefollowingshouldyouprovideforcopyrightregistration?A.Copiesofyourwork. B.Photosofyourself.C.Introductoryleaflets. D.Examinationcertificates.3.Accordingtothetext,theCopyrightOfficemayreject______.A.amovieaboutanewmethodoftimetravelB.anoriginalmusicalpositionforchildrenC.abookaboutone’sopinionsonAmericanlawsD.anofficialdocumentissuedbythelocalcounty【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹的是版權制度，獲得版權注冊的程序和版權局接受和不接受的東西?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段“Protectionisprovidedforamuchlongertimeforcopyrightsthanforpatents.(版權的保護期比專利的保護期長得多。)”可知，版權和專利的保護期限不同，故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第二段“Theprocedureforobtainingacopyrightregistrationisquitesimple—anapplicationissubmittedwithasmallfeeandtwocopiesofthework.(獲得版權注冊的程序非常簡單——提交申請，只需支付少量費用和兩份作品副本。)”可知，你應提供你作品的副本來作版權登記，故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據Thosearenotsubjecttoprotection:部分的“Governmentpublications(政府出版物)”可知，版權局可能會拒絕當地縣政府發(fā)布的官方文件，故選D。BOnthedayhealmostdied,KimbalMuskhadfoodonthebrain.TheInternetstartuptalentandrestaurateurhadjustarrivedinJacksonHolefromaconferencewherechefJamieOliverhadspokenaboutthebenefitsofhealthyeating.ThiswassomethingMuskthoughtaboutalot—howhemightmakeadifferencetothefoodindustry—butbeyondexpandinghisfarmtotablemovementalongwithhisrestaurant,Muskhadn'tyetbrokenthecode.Thenhewentsailingdownasnowyslope(坡)andfellover,breakinghisneck.Theleftsideofhisbodywasparalyzed.Muskeventuallymadeafullrecovery,butitinvolvedspendingtwomonthsonhisback,whichgavehimplentyoftimetoeupwithaplan.Sincethen,hehaslaunchedaninitiativetoput"learninggardens"inpublicschoolsacrossAmerica;attractedGenerationZtothefarmingprofessionbychangingshippingcontainersintohightech,datadriven,yearroundfarms;andthisyear,iskickingoffanewcampaigntocreateonemillionathomegardens.Aimedatreachinglowinefamilies,theMillionGardensMovementwasinspiredbythepandemic,asbothadesiretofeelmoreconnectedtonatureandfoodinsecurityhavebeenattheforefrontofsomanypeople'slives."Weweregettingalotofinquiriesaboutgardeningfrompeoplethathadnevergardenedbefore,"saysMusk."Peoplewerelookingtogardenforabunchofreasons:tosupplementtheirbudget,toimprovethenutritionalqualityoftheirdiets,orjusttocuretheboredomthatcamewiththelockdown."Theprogramoffersfreegardenkitsthatcanbegrownindoorsoroutdoors,andwillbedistributedthroughschoolsthatMusk'snonprofit,BigGreen,hasalreadypartneredwith.Italsooffersfreecoursesonhowtogetthegardengrowingandfreshseedsandmaterialsforthechanginggrowingseasons."IgrewupintheprojectswhenIwasyoung,inwhatwenowcallfooddeserts,"saysEVE,oneofthemanycelebritieswhohaveteamedupwiththeorganizationtoencouragepeopletopickupafreegarden."WhatIloveaboutthisisthatit'snotdifficult.Weareallabletogrowsomething."4.WhatinspiredMusktobedevotedtofoodindustry?A.Anaccident. B.JamieOliver'sspeech.C.Thepandemic. D.Thefarmtotablemovement.5WhatcanwelearnabouttheMillionGardensMovement?A.Ithasjustacplisheditstarget.B.Itincreaseseconomicburdensforthepoor.C.Itmaybestimulatedbyalackoffoodsecurity.D.Ithasmainlyattractedstudentsinpublicschools.6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMusk?A.Charitable. B.Dependable. C.Approachable. D.Knowledgeable.7.WhyisEVEtakenasanexample?A.Todemonstratetheprogramtobenonprofit.B.Tosharehisexperienceinafooddesert.CToencouragepeopletostartafreegarden.D.Toclarifythereasonwhyhelovesagarden.【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了Musk在受JamieOliver演講的啟發(fā)后，創(chuàng)立百萬個家庭花園，鼓勵和教授人們自己種植自己的食物，來讓自己吃的食物更健康。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第一段的“TheInternetstartuptalentandrestaurateurhadjustarrivedinJacksonHolefromaconferencewherechefJamieOliverhadspokenaboutthebenefitsofhealthyeating.ThiswassomethingMuskthoughtaboutalot—howhemightmakeadifferencetothefoodindustry（這位互聯網創(chuàng)業(yè)天才和餐館老板剛剛參加完JacksonHole的一個會議抵達JacksonHole，會上主廚JamieOliver談到了健康飲食的好處。這讓馬斯克思考了很多——他如何能對食品行業(yè)作出改變）”可知，Musk在參加完JamieOliver的演講之后開始考慮對食品行業(yè)作出改變，即受到了這個演講的啟發(fā)。故選B。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據第三段的“Aimedatreachinglowinefamilies,theMillionGardensMovementwasinspiredbythepandemic,asbothadesiretofeelmoreconnectedtonatureandfoodinsecurityhavebeenattheforefrontofsomanypeople'slives.(旨在幫助低收入家庭，百萬花園運動受到疫情的啟發(fā)，因為許多人生活的首要問題是希望更多地與自然聯系，以及糧食不安全。)”可知，MillionGardensMovement可能是由于缺乏糧食安全而引起的。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第三段的“Aimedatreachinglowinefamilies(旨在惠及低收入家庭)”可知Musk創(chuàng)立百萬花園運動主要針對低收入家庭；由文章最后一段的“Theprogramoffersfreegardenkitsthatcanbegrownindoorsoroutdoors(該計劃提供可以在室內或室外種植的免費花園套件)”可知他免費給人們提供種植套件；“Italsooffersfreecourses(它還提供免費課程)”可知Musk的計劃還給人提供免費課程：綜上所述，可推知Musk是富有慈善意識的。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段的““IgrewupintheprojectswhenIwasyoung,inwhatwenowcallfooddeserts,”saysEVE,oneofthemanycelebritieswhohaveteamedupwiththeorganizationtoencouragepeopletopickupafreegarden."WhatIloveaboutthisisthatit'snotdifficult.Weareallabletogrowsomething.”（“我小時候在這些項目中長大，我們現在稱之為食物沙漠，”伊芙說，她是許多名人之一，與該組織合作，鼓勵人們挑選一個免費的花園。“我喜歡這個的原因是它并不難。我們都能種點東西?！保笨赏浦?，最后一段用EVE的例子是為了鼓勵人們開始免費的花園。故選C。CPeoplehaveetounderstandtheenormousimpactsbeneficialaswellasharmfulplasticshaveonhumanlivesandtheenvironment.Aspolymer(聚合物)scientistsmittedtoinventingsustainablesolutionsforrealworldproblems,wesetouttotackletheissueofplasticwastebyrethinkingthewaypolymersaredesignedsowecouldmakeplasticswithrecyclabilitybuiltrightin.Everydayitemsincludingmilkjug,grocerybags,andtakeoutcontainersaremadefromaclassofpolymerscalledpolyolefins.Theseplasticsarereallydurable(耐用)becausethechemicalbondsinthosepolymersareextremelystable.Inaworldsetupfordisposable(一次性的)items,durabilityisnolongeradesignfeaturebutratheradesigndrawback.Imagineifhalftheplasticsusedtodaywererecyclablethroughtwiceasmanyprocessesastheyarenow.Alsoconventionalrecyclingrequirescarefulsortingofallthecollectedmaterials,whichcanbechallengingwithsomanydifferentplastics.Forexample,separatingpaperfrommetaldoesn’trequireplextechnology,butsortingacontainerfromamilkjugofadifferentpolyolefinisdifficulttodowithouttheoccasionalmistake.InastudypublishedinScienceinOctober2023,wedescribedaseriesofpolymerswithonlytwobuildingblocksonesoftpolymerandonehardpolymerthatbehavelikepolyolefinsbutcouldbechemicallyrecycled.Connectingtwodifferentpolymersmultipletimesuntiltheyformasingle,longmolecule(分子)createswhat’scalledamultiblockpolymer.Bychanginghowmuchofeachpolymertypegoesintothemultiblockpolymer,ourteamproducedawiderangeofmaterialswithpropertiesthatcoveredallpolyolefintypes.Usingthesamestrategybutbyaddinghydrogen,wecoulddisconnectthepolymersbackintotheirbuildingblocksandeasilyseparatethemtouseagain.Whenwemadenewpolymersoutoftheserecycledplastics,theyperformedjustaswellastheoriginalmaterialsevenafterseveralroundsofchemicalrecycling.Sowewereabletocreatematerialswithsimilarpropertiesoftheplasticstheworldrelieson.Webelievethisworkisasteptowardmoresustainableplastics.8.Whatisparagraph2mainlyaboutconcerningplastics?A.Theirmultipleuses. B.Theirchemicalproperties.C.Theirrecyclingchallenges. D.Theirclassificationcriteria.9.Akeyfactorofproducingdiversemultiblockpolymersis______.A.mixingbuildingblockswithlongmoleculesB.integratingchemicalsintothetwopolymersC.biningtwodifferentmultiblockpolymersD.adjustingthepercentageofthetwopolymers10.Whichisafeatureofmultiblockpolymers?A.Theyaremadefromsustainablematerials.B.Theycanberecycledbyaddinghydrogen.C.Theirreliabilityoutperformstraditionalplastics.D.Theirpropertieschangewithroundsofrecycling.11.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitle?A.DesigningforRecycling B.ClassifyingPlasticWasteC.ReplacePlasticswithPolymers D.TechnologyCreatestheFuture【答案】8.C9.D10.B11.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了聚合物科學家如何致力于解決塑料廢物問題，通過重新設計聚合物的結構以實現其可回收性?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第二段“ Inaworldsetupfordisposable(一次性的)items,durabilityisnolongeradesignfeaturebutratheradesigndrawback.Imagineifhalftheplasticsusedtodaywererecyclablethroughtwiceasmanyprocessesastheyarenow.Alsoconventionalrecyclingrequirescarefulsortingofallthecollectedmaterials,whichcanbechallengingwithsomanydifferentplastics.Forexample,separatingpaperfrommetaldoesn’trequireplextechnology,butsortingacontainerfromamilkjugofadifferentpolyolefinisdifficulttodowithouttheoccasionalmistake.(在一次性物品的世界中，耐用性不再是一個設計特征，而是一個設計缺陷。想象一下，如果今天使用的一半塑料可以通過兩倍于現在的過程進行回收。此外，傳統(tǒng)的回收需要對所有收集到的材料進行仔細的分類，這對于這么多不同的塑料來說是具有挑戰(zhàn)性的。例如，將紙和金屬分開并不需要復雜的技術，但將一個容器和一個牛奶罐中不同的聚烯烴進行分類卻很難做到沒有偶爾的錯誤。)”可知，文章第二段主要講述的是關于塑料回收的挑戰(zhàn)。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章第三段“InastudypublishedinScienceinOctober2023,wedescribedaseriesofpolymerswithonlytwobuildingblocksonesoftpolymerandonehardpolymerthatbehavelikepolyolefinsbutcouldbechemicallyrecycled.Connectingtwodifferentpolymersmultipletimesuntiltheyformasingle,longmolecule(分子)createswhat’scalledamultiblockpolymer.Bychanginghowmuchofeachpolymertypegoesintothemultiblockpolymer,ourteamproducedawiderangeofmaterialswithpropertiesthatcoveredallpolyolefintypes.(在2023年10月發(fā)表在《科學》雜志上的一項研究中，我們描述了一系列聚合物，它們只有兩種基本成分——一種軟聚合物和一種硬聚合物——它們的行為像聚烯烴，但可以化學回收。將兩種不同的聚合物多次連接，直到它們形成一個單一的長分子，就形成了所謂的多嵌段聚合物。通過改變多嵌段聚合物中每種聚合物的含量，我們的團隊生產出了各種各樣的材料，其性能涵蓋了所有類型的聚烯烴。)”可知，生產多種多嵌段聚合物的關鍵因素是調整兩種聚合物的含量。故選D。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據文章最后一段“Usingthesamestrategybutbyaddinghydrogen,wecoulddisconnectthepolymersbackintotheirbuildingblocksandeasilyseparatethemtouseagain.Whenwemadenewpolymersoutoftheserecycledplastics,theyperformedjustaswellastheoriginalmaterialsevenafterseveralroundsofchemicalrecycling.(使用相同的策略，但通過添加氫，我們可以將聚合物分離回它們的組成部分，并輕松地將它們分離出來再次使用。當我們用這些回收塑料制成新的聚合物時，即使經過幾輪化學回收，它們的性能也和原始材料一樣好。)”可知，多嵌段聚合物可以通過添加氫的方式被分離出來再次使用。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據文章第一段“Peoplehaveetounderstandtheenormousimpactsbeneficialaswellasharmfulplasticshaveonhumanlivesandtheenvironment.Aspolymer(聚臺物)scientistsmittedtoinventingsustainablesolutionsforrealworldproblems,wesetouttotackletheissueofplasticwastebyrethinkingthewaypolymersaredesignedsowecouldmakeplasticswithrecyclabilitybuiltrightin.(人們已經開始了解塑料對人類生活和環(huán)境的巨大影響，既有有益的，也有有害的。聚合物科學家致力于為現實世界的問題發(fā)明可持續(xù)的解決方案，我們開始通過重新思考聚合物的設計方式來解決塑料垃圾問題，這樣我們就可以制造出具有可回收性的塑料。)”以及全文內容可知，文章主要講述了聚合物科學家如何通過重新設計聚合物的結構來解決塑料廢物問題，以實現其可回收性。文章強調了設計的重要性，并介紹了如何通過特殊的化學方法制造和回收一種新型的多嵌段聚合物。因此，最能概括文章主題的標題應該是強調“設計”和“回收”這兩個關鍵詞的。故選A。DInrecentyears,aggressiononsocialmediahavebeemonplace.Morethanhalfofthevictimssaidtheydidn’tknowtheidentityoftheperpetrator(作惡者).Mostpeopleagreedthattheanonymity(匿名)oftheInternetprovidescoverfornastyandharassing(騷擾)behavior.Doesthisgrowingaggressiononsocialmediagiveusaglimpseofourrealhumannature?Areweatourcoreaggressivebeasts?It’struethathatecrimesareontherise,andpoliticaldivisionsappeartobegrowing.Thelevelofpublicbitternessespeciallyonlineissubstantial.ButIdon’tbelievethat’sbecausesocialmediahasunlockedourcruelhumannature.Asanevolutionaryanthropologist,Ihavespentyearsresearchingourtransformationasaspecies.Overthepasttwomillionyears,wehaveevolvedfromgroupsofapelikebeingsarmedwithsticksandstonestothecreatorsofcars,rockets,andnations.Ourbiggerbrainshaveallowedustobondandcooperateinmoreplexanddiversewaysthananyotheranimal.Meanwhile,“youarewhomyoumeet.”Howweperceive,experience,andactintheworldisshapedbywhoandwhatsurroundusonadailybasis.Thisprocesshasdeepevolutionaryrootsandgiveshumanswhatwecallasharedreality.Iwouldarguethattheriseinonlineaggressionisaproductofourevolutionarysocialskills,thesocialmediaboom,andthespecificpolitical,economicandsocialcontextwherewefindourselves.Thisexplosivebinationhasopenedupaspaceforincreasinglymorepeopletofantheflamesofaggressionandinsultonline.Aggressivebehaviorespeciallytothoseyoudon’thavetoconfrontfacetofaceiseasierthanit’severbeen.Andfortheaggressor,thereareoftennoconsequences.Yes,itseemsthattheworldisgettingmoreaggressive,butthat’snotbecausewearemoreaggressiveatourcore.It’sbecausewehaven’tbeenstandingupagainstbullying,abuse,andaggressiveharassment,andpromotingprosocialattitudesandactionsourcontemporaryworlddemands.Inpersonandonsocialmedia,wemustdoboth.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraphtworeferto?A.Hatecrimesontherise. B.Growingpoliticaldivisions.C.Considerableonlinebitterness. D.Thetransformationofhumans.13.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsocialmedia?A.Critical. B.Objective. C.Approving. D.Ironic.14.Whatdoestheauthorproposetoaddresstheissueofgrowingaggression?A.Embracingouraggressivenaturetopeteintoday’sworld.B.Strengtheninglawstoholdperpetratorsresponsiblefortheironlineactions.C.Promotingpositivebehaviorsandinteractionsinbothreallifeanddigitalspaces.D.Focusingonlyonreducinganonymityontheinternettoreduceoffensivebehavior.15.Whatismainlydiscussedinthispassage?A.Theimpactofsocialmediaonsociety.B.Theinfluenceofevolutiononourbehavior.C.Thereasonsbehindrisingonlineaggression.D.Thefactorsinthesocialmediadevelopment.【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.C【解析】【導語】本文是議論文。本文論述了網上霸凌或其他攻擊性言行增加的原因，是人類殘忍的本性使然，還是社交媒體的過錯?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據第二段中“Doesthisgrowingaggressiononsocialmediagiveusaglimpseofourrealhumannature?Areweatourcoreaggressivebeasts?It’struethathatecrimesareontherise,andpoliticaldivisionsappeartobegrowing.Thelevelofpublicbitternessespeciallyonlineissubstantial.(社交媒體上日益增長的攻擊性是否讓我們看到了真正的人性？我們本質上是好斗的野獸嗎？的確，仇恨犯罪正在上升，政治分歧似乎也在擴大。公眾的痛苦程度——尤其是在網上——是相當高的。)”可知，that指上文公眾相當高的痛苦程度。A.Hatecrimesontherise仇恨犯罪呈上升趨勢；B.Growingpoliticaldivisions日益嚴重的政治分歧；C.Considerableonlinebitterness相當多的網絡痛苦；D.Thetransformationofhumans人類的轉變。故選C。【13題詳解】推理判斷題。根據一段中“Mostpeopleagreedthattheanonymity(匿名)oftheInternetprovidescoverfornastyandharassing(騷擾)behavior.(大多數人認為，互聯網的匿名性為惡劣和騷擾行為提供了掩護。)”和第二段中“Thelevelofpublicbitternessespeciallyonlineissubstantial.ButIdon’tbelievethat’sbecausesocialmediahasunlockedourcruelhumannature.(公眾的痛苦程度——尤其是在網上——是相當高的。但我不相信這是因為社交媒體釋放了我們殘忍的人性。)”可知，雖然很多人認為網絡的匿名性為網上攻擊性行為提供了遮掩，作者不這么認為，然后客觀論述了背后的原因。所以作者對社交媒體的態(tài)度還是比較公正客觀的。故選B。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據最后一段“Yes,itseemsthattheworldisgettingmoreaggressive,butthat’snotbecausewearemoreaggressiveatourcore.It’sbecausewehaven’tbeenstandingupagainstbullying,abuse,andaggressiveharassment,andpromotingprosocialattitudesandactionsourcontemporaryworlddemands.Inpersonandonsocialmedia,wemustdoboth.(是的，這個世界似乎變得越來越好斗，但這并不是因為我們內心更好斗。這是因為我們沒有站出來反對欺凌、虐待和侵略性的騷擾，沒有提倡當代世界所要求的親社會態(tài)度和行動。無論是面對面還是在社交媒體上，我們都必須做到這兩點。)”可知，不管是線上還是線下，整個社會之所以變得越來越有攻擊性，不是因為我們本性好斗好攻擊，而是因為一直以來我們沒有勇敢地站出來與這些攻擊性行為做斗爭，所以作者提倡線上線下我們都應有積極的言行和互動。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是通過第一段“Inrecentyears,aggressiononsocialmediahavebeemonplace.Morethanhalfofthevictimssaidtheydidn’tknowtheidentityoftheperpetrator(作惡者).Mostpeopleagreedthattheanonymity(匿名)oftheInternetprovidescoverfornastyandharassing(騷擾)behavior.(近年來，社交媒體上的攻擊性已經變得司空見慣。超過一半的受害者說他們不知道行兇者的身份。大多數人認為，互聯網的匿名性為惡劣和騷擾行為提供了掩護。)”引入話題：網上攻擊性言行的增加，很多人認為始作俑者是網絡本身。第二段中“ButIdon’tbelievethat’sbecausesocialmediahasunlockedourcruelhumannature.(但我不相信這是因為社交媒體釋放了我們殘忍的人性。)”作者提出是不是因為人類本性好斗呢？他不認為是社交媒體釋放了我們的本性，接著概括了三個原因：人類進化出的社交特性，網絡媒體的繁榮，各種政治、經濟和社會環(huán)境的影響。最后一段“Yes,itseemsthattheworldisgettingmoreaggressive,butthat’snotbecausewearemoreaggressiveatourcore.It’sbecausewehaven’tbeenstandingupagainstbullying,abuse,andaggressiveharassment,andpromotingprosocialattitudesandactionsourcontemporaryworlddemands.Inpersonandonsocialmedia,wemustdoboth.(是的，這個世界似乎變得越來越好斗，但這并不是因為我們內心更好斗。這是因為我們沒有站出來反對欺凌、虐待和侵略性的騷擾，沒有提倡當代世界所要求的親社會態(tài)度和行動。無論是面對面還是在社交媒體上，我們都必須做到這兩點。)”作者呼吁大家行動起來，與這些攻擊性言行作斗爭。綜上，作者主要探討了日益增長的網絡攻擊行為背后的原因，故選C。第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HowtoPlotaShortStoryAgreatshortstorydropsthereaderintoitsworldswiftlyandholdstheirattentionallthewaythrough.____16____Itcanbeassimpleasknowingafewkeymomentsyouwanttoworkyourwaytoward.You’llwindupwiththingsyouneverimaginedatthestart.Followthesestepstoplotyournextstory.Brainstorm.Youdon’tneedtohavemultipleshortstoryideasreadytogoatamoment’snotice.____17____Whenthatideaestoyou,sitdownandfleshitout.Makenoteofanycharacters,settings,orbitsofdialoguethatyousee.____18____Thefoundationsofyourmainconflictorthemeoftenformashortstory’srisingaction.Tocreatetensionandmovement,youmustknowexactlywhatyourcharacterwantsandwhatwouldpreventthemfromgettingit.Conflictscanbeinternalorexternal,soimagineatwhatstagethereaderwillbemeetingyourcharacter.Createabriefoutline.Sketchout(草擬)theflowofeventsyourshortstorywillcontain,includinginteractionsbetweencharactersandkeymoments.Writedownidentifyingcharacteristics.Butwhenitestodrafting,pickyourmomentsofbackstorycarefully.____19____Pickapointofview.Manyshortstoriesworkwellinfirstpersonbecauseoftheirbrevity(簡潔).____20____Ifyourstoryneedstobetoldinsecondpersonorthirdperson,thatworks,too.RegardlessofwhichPOVyouchoose,it’susuallybesttocenterthatnarrativearoundonemaincharactertoensureaconsistentreadonthesituationathand.A.Selecttherightcharacter.B.Writeoutthecentralconflict.C.Allyouneedisonesolidconcept.D.Butthere’snohardandfastrulesayingyoursmust.E.Shortstoriesallowthefreedomtoexperimentbecauseoftheirfreestyle.F.Plottingashortstorydoesn’thavetoinvolveadetailedlistofplotpoints.G.Tomakethecut,apieceofinformationmustcontributetothestory’scentralevents.【答案】16.F17.C18.B19.G20.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了策劃短篇故事情節(jié)的方法?！?6題詳解】上文“Agreatshortstorydropsthereaderintoitsworldswiftlyandholdstheirattentionallthewaythrough.(一個好的短篇故事會讓讀者迅速進入它的世界，并始終吸引他們的注意力)”說明一個好的短篇故事需要快速吸引讀者并保持其注意力，以及下文“Itcanbeassimpleasknowingafewkeymomentsyouwanttoworkyourwaytoward.(它可以很簡單，只要知道你想要努力實現的幾個關鍵時刻)”說明短篇故事的情節(jié)設計可以很簡單，只需要知道幾個關鍵點，F項“策劃一個短篇故事不一定要列出詳細的情節(jié)要點?！狈仙舷挛倪壿?，起到了承上啟下的作用。故選F?！?7題詳解】上文“Youdon’tneedtohavemultipleshortstoryideasreadytogoatamoment'snotice.(你不需要在一瞬間就準備好多個短篇故事的想法)”以及下文“Whenthatideaestoyou,sitdownandfleshitout.(當你想到這個想法時，坐下來把它充實起來)”說明寫短篇故事不需要隨時準備好多個故事想法，只要有想法出現就可以坐下來充實它，C項“你所需要的只是一個堅實的概念。”與上下文語境相符，符合題意。故選C?！?8題詳解】下文“Thefoundationsofyourmainconflictorthemeoftenformashortstory’srisingaction.(你的主要沖突或主題的基礎通常構成短篇故事的上升情節(jié))”說明本段談論的是短篇故事的主要沖突或主題，B項“寫出中心沖突。”引出下文內容，適合作為段落標題句。故選B?！?9題詳解】上文“Butwhenitestodrafting,pickyourmomentsofbackstorycarefully.(但當涉及到起草時，請仔細選擇你的背景故事)”說明在創(chuàng)作過程中要精心挑選背景故事的內容，G項“為了切入，一條信息必須對故事的核心事件有所貢獻?！边M一步說明了如何選擇合適的信息和背景，確保它們能夠推動情節(jié)發(fā)展。故選G?！?0題詳解】上文“Manyshortstoriesworkwellinfirstpersonbecauseoftheirbrevity(簡潔).(許多短篇故事以第一人稱寫得很好，因為它們的簡潔)”說明很多短篇故事由于其簡潔性，以第一人稱敘述效果很好，以及下文“Ifyourstoryneedstobetoldinsecondpersonorthirdperson,thatworks,too.(如果你的故事需要用第二人稱或第三人稱講述，那也行)”說明如果故事需要以第二人稱或第三人稱講述也是可行的，D項“但沒有硬性規(guī)定你必須這樣做?！闭f明盡管第一人稱常用且有效，但并不是唯一的選擇，呼應了下文內容。故選D。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Forthepast18years,mydaughterhasbeenaroundmeallthetime.Nowthatsheisincollege,the___21___ofourrelationshiphastotallychangedandourrelationshipispletely___22___.I’mnotgoingtobethereeverymorningtohavebreakfastwithher.Iwon’tknowwhenshe’smadorwhenshe’shappy.Here’salittlestoryofournew___23___.Aweekago,mydaughterwantedto___24___soshecalledmeduringthedayasIwasinmeetings.I___25___herlateron,butshewasinclass.Atmidnight,shereachedout___26___toaskifwecouldtalk.Well,guesswhat?Iwas___27___.Ithoughtwewouldtalkthenextday,butshewasnot___28___.Researchshowsthatparentsare___29___whentheirchildrenaregrownup,butformethatiswhenIstarttogetconcerned.Iamalwaysleftto____30____,howcanI,asaparent,remain____31____tomydaughtertoguide,supportandlovethroughlife'schanges?Wemayhaveto____32____thewaywemunicate.Mydaughterencouragedmetogodigital.That’showIventuredintotheworldofsocialmedia,followingherupdatesandoccasionallysharingmyownexperiences.Throughthis____33____presence,thephysicalgapis____34____andIfeelIstillhaveanactiveroleinherlife.Thisexperienceservesasareminderthat____35____,howeverscary,holdsthepromiseofgrowthinoursharedjourney.21.A.problem B.progress C.goal D.context22.A.cold B.special C.different D.casual23.A.normal B.idea C.approach D.solution24.A.catchup B.takeover C.checkout D.breakaway25.A.visited B.touched C.tried D.emailed26.A.bytaxi B.bytext C.inprivate D.inperson27.A.stupid B.angry C.excited D.asleep28.A.available B.interested C.ready D.guilty29.A.saddest B.busiest C.happiest D.best30.A.decide B.wonder C.