2020-2021學年高一年級上學期期中考試英語試卷-含解析

2020-2021上學期期中考試高一年級英語試卷本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分,共150分，考試時間120分鐘。第I卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatdoesSimonplantodoontheweekend?A.Gocamping.B.Playfootball.C.Watchamatch.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Husbandandwife.C.Teacherandstudent.3.WherewillJasonprobablygofirst?A.Thebarber’s.B.Thepartyhall.C.Jennifer'shome.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.SheenjoystalkingtoAlan.B.Shedoesn'tlikethemovie.C.Shewon'tsitnexttoAlan.5.Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A.Tohaveadrivinglesson.B.Togetatrainticket.C.Toreporthisloss.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的ABC三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第六段對話，回答第6-7題。6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Jeff'sfamily.B.Jeff'sdailylife.C.Jeff'sschoolactivities.7.WhatdoesJeffusuallydorightafterhegetshome?A.Dohishomework.B.Haveasnack.C.WatchTV.聽第七段對話，回答第8-9題。8.HowdoesMarkusuallygetnews?A.BywatchingTV.B.Byreadingnewspapers.C.Byvisitingnewssites.9.Whoistoblameforthespreadoffakenewsaccordingtothewoman?A.Reporters.B.Technologycompanies.C.Thegovernment.聽第八段對話，回答第10-12題。10.Whattimewillthespeakerssetout?A.At8:45.B.At9:15.C.At9:30.11.Howmanypeoplewillgofortheshoppingtrip?A.2.B.3C.4.12.Whatdoesthemanexpectthewomantodo?A.Bringsomefood.B.Givehimaride.C.Buyabathingsuit.聽第九段對話，回答第13-16小題。13.WhatdoesGeorgethinkoftheexhibition?A.Excellent.B.Boring.C.Expensive.14.WhatdoesGeorgelikebest?A.Portraits.B.Watercolors.C.Oilpaintings.15.WhatdoesGeorgesayabouthimself?A.Heisagoodpainter.B.Hehasartisticability.C.Helovesartverymuch.16.WhatisMarygoingtodonow?A.Getaticket.B.Buyapicture.C.Gototheexhibition.聽第十段對話，回答第17-20小題。17.WhocangoonafreetourinWindsorA.Theold.B.Theblind.C.Thepoor.18.Whatareespeciallyofferedtothosevisitingwithchildren?A.Expertguides.B.Aspecialfamilytour.C.Someadventurousactivities.19.Wheredothetoursend?A.AttheCourtyard.B.AtSt.George'sChapel.C.AttheentrancetotheStateApartments.20.Whencanvisitorsgeticecreamintheshops?A.InMarch.B.InJune.C.InOctober.第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ABookreadingiscertainlyoneofthemostabsorbinghabits.Foryoungadultswholovetoread,findingsomegoodbookstoreadisveryessential.Writingabookreviewcanhelpyoutoimproveyourlanguageandwritingskills.TheBookThiefListedonTheNewYorkTimesChildren’sBestSellerListforover100weeks,TheBookThiefbyMarkusZusakisthestoryofayounggirlintheNazicampssetduringWorldWarII.So,ifyoulovehistoryandwishtolearnhowthelifewasduringAdolfHitler’stime,readthishistoricbook.TheDiaryofYoungGirlEvenAnneFrankcannothaveimaginedthatherpersonaldiarywrittenduringWorldWarIIwouldbecomesuchapopularbook.It’samustreadthatdescribesthesituationofafamilyintheevilsofwarsthroughtheeyesofateenager.AnimalFarmAnimalFarmisoneofthemostpopularbooksbyGeorgeOrwell.ItisjustareflectionoftheStalinandWorldWarIIperiodthathasbeensocreativelypresentedinthisbook.Itisaninterestingexampleofhowliteraturecanbeusedtopresentconditionscommoninthesociety.AdventuresofHuckleberryFinnMarkTwain’sAdventuresofHuckleberryFinnisoneofthegreatAmericannovelsinhistory,andiscertainlyagreatpickforyoungadults.YoungHuckFinnandhismischiefalongwiththecolorfuldescriptionofpeoplearoundtheMississippiRivermakethisnovelagreatbooktoread.1.Whichbookdescribestheauthor’sownexperiencesaccordingtothispassage?A.TheBookThief B.TheDiaryofYoungGirlC.AnimalFarm D.AdventuresofHuckleberryFinn2.Whatdothefirstthreebookshaveincommon?A.Allofthemareaboutwars.B.Allofthemareaboutfarms.C.Allofthemareintendedforhistorylovers.D.AllofthemwerewrittenduringWorldWarII.3.Thepurposeofthispassageisto_________.A.instructyoungstershowtoimproveskillsB.tellyoungsterssomewonderfulreadinghabitsC.introduceseveralgoodbookstoyoungstersD.giveyoungstersadviceonwritingabookreview【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了適合年輕人閱讀的四本好書?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章TheDiaryofYoungGirl中的“EvenAnneFrankcannothaveimaginedthatherpersonaldiarywrittenduringWorldWarIIwouldbecomesuchapopularbook.(即使是安妮·弗蘭克也沒有想到她在二戰(zhàn)期間寫的個人日記會成為一本如此受歡迎的書)”可知，《安妮日記》這本書描述了作者自己的經(jīng)歷。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。前兩本書的背景介紹中都出現(xiàn)了“WorldWarII”，而第三本書的背景介紹中則出現(xiàn)了“WorldWarI”，即都是關于戰(zhàn)爭的。故選A。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句“Bookreadingiscertainlyoneofthemostabsorbinghabits.Foryoungadultswholovetoread,findingsomegoodbookstoreadisveryessential.(讀書當然是最引人入勝的習慣之一。對于喜歡讀書的年輕人來說，找一些好書來讀是非常必要的)”可推斷，本文目的就是向年輕人介紹一些好的書籍。故選C。BNajibisanAfghanwhogrewupinIran.Heledatoughlife.Whenhefoundhischildrenwouldbeinthesamesituation,hisfamilyinitiallyreturnedtoAfghanistan.Butwiththecountryfilledwithconflicts,theydecidedtoleaveforIndonesia.“Whenwefirstcamehere,wewereinabadsituation.Itslanguage,cultureandevenweatherweredifferent.Wehadmovedawayfromfriendsandfamily,”saysNajib.“IwasinatoughpositionbutIactedstrongbecausetherewerenootherchoices.”Refugees(難民)cannotworkinIndonesiaandtherearelimitedchoicesforrefugeechildrentoattendlocalschools.Determinedtoavoidsuchafate,agroupofrefugeesinPuncaktookactionandscrapedtogether(東拼西湊)theirresourcestosetupaschool—theRefugeeLearningCenter(RLC).“Ouronlygoalandtaskistoprovidebasiceducation,andpreparetherefugeechildrenfortheirfuture,”saysAbdullahSarwari.“We’realsotryingtoprovideanormallifeasmuchaspossibleforthem.”TheRLChasalsostartedofferingBahasaIndonesiaclassestotherefugeecommunity.“Betweentherefugeeandthelocalcommunity,Ifeellikethere’salanguagebarrierwhichstopstherefugeefromhavinganhonestandopeninteractionwithIndonesians,”saysAbdullah.“Ifyoutryyourbest,tolearnthelanguageofaparticularplaceorcountry,itreallyhelpsmakethingseasier,”saysNajib.Heisamongthosewhosignedupforclasses,althoughheadmitsprogresshasbeenslow.Butlifehasimprovedinsomewaysforhimandhisfamily.Najibsays,“Thecentreisanopportunityforrefugeetoshowthattheyarenotaburden.Iftheyhavetheopportunity,theycanaccomplishbigandgreatthingslikethis.”4.WhydidNajibdecidetoleaveforIndonesia?A.ToescapetheconflictinAfghanistanB.ToexperienceIndonesianculture.C.TohelprefugeesinIndonesia.D.Togetequalrightstovote.5.What’sthemainpurposeoffoundingtheRLCforrefugeechildren?A.TohelpthemlearnEnglish.B.Tomakethemstayawayfrombadluck.C.ToprovidethemwithchancestoliveinIndonesia.D.Tomakethemhaveaccesstoreceivingbasiceducation.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutNajibaccordingtothetext?A.Heistheleaderofrefugees.B.HefoundedtheRLChimself.C.HestudiesIndonesianintheRLC.D.HelivesawealthylifeinIndonesia.7.What’sthebesttitleforthistext?A.TheGoalofFoundingaSchoolB.ASchoolforRefugeesbyRefugeesC.AReasonforLeavingforIndonesiaD.TheBenefitofLearningaNewLanguage【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。納吉布是在伊朗長大的阿富汗人。他過著艱苦的生活。當他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的孩子也將面臨同樣的處境時，他的家人最初回到了阿富汗。但由于這個國家充滿了沖突，他們決定前往印度尼西亞。難民不能在印度尼西亞工作，難民兒童在當?shù)厣蠈W的選擇有限。為了避免這樣的命運，一群來自塔提克的難民采取了行動，聚集他們的資源建立了一所學?！y民學習中心?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的Butwiththecountryfilledwithconflicts,theydecidedtoleaveforIndonesia.(但由于這個國家充滿了沖突，他們決定前往印度尼西亞)可知，納吉布決定前往印度尼西亞，以逃避阿富汗的沖突。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Ouronlygoalandtaskistoprovidebasiceducation,andpreparetherefugeechildrenfortheirfuture,”saysAbdullahSarwari.(“我們唯一的目標和任務是提供基礎教育，為難民兒童的未來做好準備，”阿卜杜拉·薩瓦里說)可知，為難民兒童建立難民學習中心的主要目的是使他們有機會接受基礎教育。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的TheRLChasalsostartedofferingBahasaIndonesiaclassestotherefugeecommunity.(RLC也開始為難民社區(qū)提供印尼語課程)及第六段中的“Heisamongthosewhosignedupforclasses,(他是報名參加課程的學生之一)可知，他在難民學習中心學習印尼語。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段中的Determinedtoavoidsuchafate,agroupofrefugeesinPuncaktookactionandscrapedtogether(東拼西湊)theirresourcestosetupaschool—theRefugeeLearningCenter(RLC).(為了避免這樣的命運，一群來自塔提克的難民采取了行動，聚集他們的資源建立了一所學?！y民學習中心)及下文對難民學習中心的介紹可知，本文主要介紹了為難民建立的一所學?！y民學習中心。所以短文的最佳標題為“一所由難民建立的難民學?！?。故選B?！军c睛】閱讀是理解的前提和手段；理解是分析、加工和處理信息，是閱讀的目的和結(jié)果。因此，做閱讀理解題時，考生可以先看題目，然后再看文段，這樣帶著問題去閱讀就更有目的性。如第4小題，What’sthebesttitleforthistext?要求判斷本文的最佳標題。根據(jù)第三段中的Determinedtoavoidsuchafate,agroupofrefugeesinPuncaktookactionandscrapedtogether(東拼西湊)theirresourcestosetupaschool—theRefugeeLearningCenter(RLC).(為了避免這樣的命運，一群來自塔提克的難民采取了行動，聚集他們的資源建立了一所學?！y民學習中心)及下文對難民學習中心的介紹可知，本文主要介紹了為難民建立的一所學校——難民學習中心。由此可知，B.ASchoolforRefugeesbyRefugees(一所由難民建立的難民學校)適合做本文最佳標題。故選B。CAnadvanceinelectronicpublishingcouldmaketheebookyouarereadingseemasdatedasasilentfilm.Publishershopetoexplorethegrowingsuccessofebooksbyreleasingversionswithaddedsoundtracksandmusicalaccompaniments.Thenoisesinthefirstmultimediabooks-releasedinBritainonFriday-includerainhittingawindowinaSherlockHolmestale.Whentheplotofabookreachesthemostexcitingpart,backgroundscoreswillcreatetension.InAmerica,worksbyShakespeareandJaneAustenhavealreadybeenreleasedwithmusicandbackgroundnoisesothat,forexample,readerscanhearteacupsclinkinginMr.Darcy'sgardenastheyreadPrideandPrejudice.Supportersarguethatsoundeffectsarethenextlogicaldevelopmentforebooksandwilladdexcitementforyoungerreaders.Critics,however,willarguethatthenoisewillruinthesimplepleasureofhavingtheimaginationstimulatedbyreading.CarolineMichel,chiefexecutiveoftheliteraryagency,saidthenewgenerationofcomputer-literatereaderswasusedtomultiplesensoryinput.Shesaid,“Youngpeoplehavesplitcomputerscreenswheretheymaybewatchingtelevisionandreplyingtoanemailatthesametime.Ifthat'swhatthemarketwantsthenweshouldrespondtothemarket.”Booktrack'ssoundeffectsworkbyestimatingtheuser'sreadingspeed.Eachtimeyou“turn”apage,thesoftwarereassesseswhereyouhavereachedinthetextandtimesthesoundstoswitchonaccordingly.Ifthesoundtrackbecomesoutofsynch(同步),aclickonanywordwillre-setit.Someauthorsfearthatasoundtrackcoulddestroythepeaceandquietoflibrariesandruinthepleasureofreading.DavidNicholls,authorofOneDay,thebestsellernowreleasedasafilm,said,“Thissoundsliketheoppositeofreading.IhaveenoughtroublereadinganebookbecauseI’mconstantlydistractedbyemails.”StuartMacBride,thecrimewriterwhosenovelShattertheBoneswasanebookbestseller,sells18%ofhisbooksaselectronicdownloads.Hesaid,“IfI’mreading,Iwilldothenoiseinmyhead.Idon'tneedsomeonetotellmewhatteacupsclinkingsoundslike.Thatwouldirritateme.”8.What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A.Opinionsaboutebookswithsoundtracks.B.Responsetotheneedofthebookmarket.C.Reasonsfortraditionalebooksbecomingoutdated.D.Suggestionsonencouragingreaders'imagination.9.Whatdopublishersexpectanebooksoundtracktodo?A.Helptoreleaseanebookasafilm.B.Helpreadersimprovereadingspeed.C.Addtensionatabook'sexcitingpoint.D.Getreadersfamiliarwiththebackground.10.Whoisinfavourofaddedsoundtracksforebooks?A.Mr.Darcy. B.CarolineMichel.C.DavidNicholls. D.StuartMacBride.11.WhatdoweknowaboutStuartMacBride?A.Hewasapersonwhowaseasytogetangry.B.Heknewagreatdealaboutteaandteaculture.C.Eighty-twopercentofhisbooksdescribedcrime.D.Heimaginedsoundsrelatedtothestorywhenreading.【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章說明了出版商希望通過發(fā)行帶有附加音軌和音樂伴奏版本的電子書，支持者認為，聲音效果是電子書的下一個合乎邏輯的發(fā)展，并將增加年輕讀者的興奮。然而，批評家會爭辯說，噪音會破壞閱讀所激發(fā)的想象的簡單樂趣。文章介紹了不同的人對此的看法?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段Supportersarguethatsoundeffectsarethenextlogicaldevelopmentforebooksandwilladdexcitementforyoungerreaders.Critics,however,willarguethatthenoisewillruinthesimplepleasureofhavingtheimaginationstimulatedbyreading.可知支持者認為，聲音效果是電子書的下一個合乎邏輯的發(fā)展，并將增加年輕讀者的興奮。然而，批評家會爭辯說，噪音會破壞閱讀所激發(fā)的想象的簡單樂趣。結(jié)合文章說明了出版商希望通過發(fā)行帶有附加音軌和音樂伴奏版本的電子書，支持者認為，聲音效果是電子書的下一個合乎邏輯的發(fā)展，并將增加年輕讀者的興奮。然而，批評家會爭辯說，噪音會破壞閱讀所激發(fā)的想象的簡單樂趣。文章介紹了不同的人對此的看法。由此可知，這篇文章主要講了對帶有配樂的電子書的看法。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Whentheplotofabookreachesthemostexcitingpart,backgroundscoreswillcreatetension.可知當書的情節(jié)發(fā)展到最激動人心的部分時，背景的得分會制造緊張感。由此可知，出版商希望一個電子書原聲帶在書中令人興奮的地方增加緊張感。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中CarolineMichel,chiefexecutiveoftheliteraryagency,saidthenewgenerationofcomputer-literatereaderswasusedtomultiplesensoryinput.可知這家文學機構(gòu)的首席執(zhí)行官CarolineMichel表示，新一代懂電腦的讀者習慣于多重感官輸入。以及Ifthat'swhatthemarketwantsthenweshouldrespondtothemarket.可知如果這是市場想要的，那么我們應該對市場作出反應。由此可推知，CarolineMichel支持為電子書添加配樂。故選B。【11題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Hesaid,“IfI’mreading,Iwilldothenoiseinmyhead.Idon'tneedsomeonetotellmewhatteacupsclinkingsoundslike.Thatwouldirritateme.”可知他說：“如果我在看書，我會在腦子里制造響聲。我不需要有人告訴我茶杯叮當?shù)穆曇羰鞘裁礃拥?。那會激怒我的。”由此可知，StuartMacBride在閱讀時想象與故事有關的聲音。故選D。DHumansreallydohaveasixthsensethatletsusdetectmagneticfields(磁場),butwe’renotawarewehaveit.IthaslongbeenknownasESP,SpiderSense,ortheabilitytoseethingsbeforetheyhappen.Butnowscientistshaveprovedthathumansreallydohaveasixthsense-thatletsthemdetectmagneticfields.TestshaveshownthatmankindmayhavethesameinbornsenseofEarth’smagneticfieldthathaslongbeenprovedtoexistinanimals.Byputtingaproteinfromthehumanretina(視網(wǎng)膜)intofruitflies,researchersnoticedthattheinsectadjusteditsflightpathjustasifitseyehadnotbeenchanged.Thissuggeststhatthe“sixthsense”doesexistinhumansbutwemightnotbeawareofit.Animalsusesuchsighttonavigatelongdistancesduringmigrationor,inthecaseofbirds,to“see”wheretheyaregoing.Thecomplextestsinvolvedexaminingtheprocessbywhichlightgoesthroughabird’seye,whichhasinterestedthescientificcommunityformorethan30years.Inthelate1970s,thephysicistKlausSchultenconcludedthatbirdsflybyrelyingongeomagnetically(地磁)sensitivebiochemicalreactionsintheireyes.Testshaveshownthatthespecialcellsintheeyecarryoutthisfunctionusingtheproteincryptochrome(蛋白隱色素).ProfessorReppert’steamusedwildfruitfliesreplacingtheirversionofcryptochromewiththehumanequivalent(等價物),andthenputtheminamaze(迷宮)witheachwingwrappedinametalcoil(金屬圈).TheythensentelectricitythroughitsothatthecoilwasmagnetisedinawaywhichisjustlikeEarth’selectromagneticfield(電磁場).Thefliesrespondedinexactlythesamewayasiftheyhadtheirowncryptochrome,byeitheravoidingthemagneticfieldsormovingtowardsthemiftheresearchershadplacedsugarnearby.ThenewstudywaspublishedinthejournalNatureCommunications.12.Whatdoweknowabouthumans’sixthsense?A.Humanshavebeenawareofitsinceancienttimes.B.Itisquitedifferentfromtheanimals’.C.Itistheabilitytopredictwhatwillhappen.D.Itisalsoasensedevelopedafterbirth.13.Whydidresearchersputaproteinfromthehumanretinaintofruitflies?A.Tochangefruitflies’flightpath.B.Totestifhumanshaveasixthsense.C.Toexaminetheprocessofbirds’flying.D.Toallowresearchersdetectmagneticfields.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph3referto?A.themaze B.eachwingC.cryptochrome D.themetalcoil15.Afterbeingreplacedthecryptochrome,howarethewildfruitflies?A.Theyrespondednormallyasiftherehadbeennothingchanged.B.Theycouldn’tavoidthemagneticfieldslikebefore.C.Theylostthesenseofdirectioncompletely.D.Theycouldn’tfindthesugartheresearchershadplacednearby.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。人類確實有第六感，可以探測磁場，但我們沒有意識到自己有第六感。科學家們已經(jīng)證明了人類確實有第六感——可以用來探測磁場。試驗表明，人類對地球磁場的感知能力可能與動物一樣，這一點早已被證明是存在于動物身上的。文章還詳細介紹了這一試驗的操作過程?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中IthaslongbeenknownasESP,SpiderSense,ortheabilitytoseethingsbeforetheyhappen.可知長久以來，它一直被稱為超感知覺、蜘蛛感，或者是在事情發(fā)生之前看到它們的能力。由此可知，人類的第六感是預測將要發(fā)生的事情的能力。故選C?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中Byputtingaproteinfromthehumanretinaintofruitflies,researchersnoticedthattheinsectadjusteditsflightpathjustasifitseyehadnotbeenchanged.Thissuggeststhatthe“sixthsense”doesexistinhumansbutwemightnotbeawareofit.可知通過將人類視網(wǎng)膜上的一種蛋白質(zhì)注入果蠅體內(nèi)，研究人員注意到果蠅調(diào)整了飛行路線，就好像它的眼睛沒有被改變一樣。這表明“第六感”確實存在于人類中，但我們可能沒有意識到它。由此可推知，研究人員把人類視網(wǎng)膜中的一種蛋白質(zhì)放入果蠅體內(nèi)，是為了測試人類是否有第六感。故選B?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文ProfessorReppert’steamusedwildfruitflies,replacingtheirversionofcryptochromewiththehumanequivalent,andthenputtheminamazewitheachwingwrappedinametalcoil.Theythensentelectricitythrough可知Reppert的研究小組使用野生果蠅，用人類的蛋白隱色素替代它們的蛋白隱色素，然后將它們置于迷宮中，每只翅膀都包裹在一個金屬線圈中。然后他們把它（金屬線圈）通上電，這樣線圈就被磁化了，就像地球的電磁場一樣。由此可知，it指代的是“金屬線圈”。故選D?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中Thefliesrespondedinexactlythesamewayasiftheyhadtheirowncryptochrome,byeitheravoidingthemagneticfieldsormovingtowardsthemiftheresearchershadplacedsugarnearby.可知果蠅的反應與它們自身的蛋白隱色素完全相同，它們要么避開磁場，要么在研究人員把糖放在附近的情況下向磁場移動。由此可知，蛋白隱色素被取代后，野生果蠅的反應很正常，就好像什么都沒有改變一樣。故選A?！军c睛】代詞指代題要求同學們根據(jù)語境的邏輯關系、判斷畫線的人稱代詞或指示代詞在文章中指代的對象，包括考查it（指動物，無生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them(指代人、物、事件的復數(shù)名詞)，he/she等人稱代詞的指代意義，以及指示代詞this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意義，考查同學們對文章中敘述特定的人，物，事件的認知能力。解答這類題時，同學們要認真閱讀畫線詞所在句和前后臨近句的內(nèi)容，分析人稱轉(zhuǎn)換和動作變換的詳細過程，理清來龍去脈和前后的因果關系，從而準確推斷其指代的對象。如第三小題，根據(jù)上文ProfessorReppert’steamusedwildfruitflies,replacingtheirversionofcryptochromewiththehumanequivalent,andthenputtheminamazewitheachwingwrappedinametalcoil.Theythensentelectricitythrough可知Reppert的研究小組使用野生果蠅，用人類的蛋白隱色素替代它們的蛋白隱色素，然后將它們置于迷宮中，每只翅膀都包裹在一個金屬線圈中。然后他們把它（金屬線圈）通上電，這樣線圈就被磁化了，就像地球的電磁場一樣。由此可知，it指代的是“金屬線圈”。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。SupportingOthersWe’realwaysbeingtoldthatthesecrettohappinessliesinhelpingothers,Indeed,it’snaturaltowanttosupportthosewecareabout,especiallyifweareinapositiontodoso.___16___Whenweoffersupport,itmaynotalwaysbewanted.___17___Inthiscase,offeringsupportinthemannerof“...iflwereyou,Iwould…”canfeellikeascoldingratherthansupport.Ifoursupportfeelsconditional,itcanfeelburdensome.___18___Whensomeoneistryingtomanageillnessorahousemove,justsaying,“Whatwouldhelpyoutoday?”canbeamazinglysupportive.Or,suggestwhatyoucandoforthem:pickingupsomeshopping,takingthedogforawalk.Evenifit’snotneeded,justknowingyou’vebeenthoughtofcanbesupportiveinitself.Trytobemindfulofofferingsupportthatisdisabling,ratherthanenabling.Myson,whenagedfive,wantedtomakeacupoftea.Icouldseehowinspiringitwastohimtobeabletodothis.SoIfilledthekettleandtookhimthroughthesafetymeasures.Itfeltlikeahugeriskbutitworked.Hispleasurewasimmeasurable.Thesameprincipleapplieswhenweoffersupportthatincreasessomeoneelse’scapacity.___19___Sometimestheonlysupportthat’sneededistolistenwithoutjudgement.___20___Thisreassures(使安心)themthatsomeonecaresenoughtolistenwhiletheygroundthemselves.Whentimesaretough,remembertokeepthingsstable.Waitinguntilthestormhaspassedisallittakes.Supportoftenworksbestwhenit’satwo-wayprocess.Itisgoodtoknowhowtoaccepthelpfromothersaswellasoffersupporttothem.A.Walkalongsidesomeoneandmakecomments.B.Comeupwithacoupleofideasforyourfriends.C.Askwhatsupportisneededandprovideapracticalone.D.Thiscanoftenbeabiggergiftthanjustdoingitforthem.E.Butwecandomorebythinkingaboutthesupportweoffer.F.Sometimespeoplearctryingtomanagelifeintheirownway.G.Justbethere,occasionalwhilesomeoneletsouttheirfeeling.【答案】16.E17.F18.C19.D20.G【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章介紹了我們應該如何支持別人及在支持別人的過程中應注意什么?！?6題詳解】由上一句“確實，想要支持那些我們在乎的人是很正常的，特別是如果我們有能力這么做的話?！笨芍?，E選項“但是，通過考慮我們提供的支持，我們可以做的更多?！背薪由衔?，且選項中“thinkingaboutthesupportweoffer.”與下文“Whenweoffersupport,itmaynotalwaysbewanted.”相呼應，符合語境。故選E?！?7題詳解】由上一句“當我們提供支持時，它可能并不總是被需要的。”和下一句“在這種情況下，以一種“如果我是你……，我會……”的方式提供幫助，感覺像是一種斥責而不是支持?！笨芍?，此空承上啟下。F選項“有時人們想用自己的方式管理生活。”與上文“itmaynotalwaysbewanted”和下文“Inthiscase”相呼應。故選F。【18題詳解】由下文“當別人正試圖處理疾病或者搬家的時候，只是說一句“有什么能幫你的嗎？”就是一種極大的支持?！笨芍?，C選項“詢問需要什么支持并提供一個實際的?！狈险Z境，選項中“Askwhatsupportisneeded”與下文“justsaying,“Whatwouldhelpyoutoday?””相呼應。故選C?！?9題詳解】由上一句“同樣的原則也適用于，當我們提供支持以增強一個人的能力時?！笨芍?，D選項“與為他們做這件事相比，這往往是一個更大的禮物?！狈险Z境。D選項中“This”指代上文“whenweoffersupportthatincreasessomeoneelse’scapacity.”。故選D?！?0題詳解】由上一句“有時，唯一需要的支持就是聆聽，不加評判。”可知，G選項中“Justbethere”承接上文“tolistenwithoutjudgement”。G選項“只是在那里，偶爾有人發(fā)泄他們的感情。”切題，故選G。第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面的短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ihavegrownupwithpicturesandshapes.EversinceIwasalittlegirl,still___21___abletoread,mymomwouldsetmeuponherlapandreadchildren’spicturebooksforme.Shewouldpointtoeachpicture,traceeachlineandtellmewhichshapesmadethepicturesup.___22___bythetracingofherfinger,Iwouldstareandconcentratemyeyestocatchevery___23___thatherfingermadeandwouldlistenforthenameoftheshape.IfI___24___anything,Iwouldbeghertorepeatthepageoverandoveragain,untilIhadthenameandfigureoftheshapeinmy___25___.AsIenteredthesecondgrade,mymemorizationoftheshapes___26___withme.Ilearnednewer,complexshapesandmyknowledgeofshapes___27___tothepointwheremyoldpicturebooksIhadathomecouldnolonger___28___myneedforshapes.Instead,I___29___theworldasmynew,_____30_____picturebookandreadeachbuilding,houseandtruckasrectangles（長方形），squareswithtrianglesandrectangleswithcirclesonthebottom.IfIcould,Iwouldgouptoeachobjectandfollowthetracing_____31_____thatmymomdidwhenIwasyounger.I’dtakemyfingerandtracealongtheoutlinesoftheobjectand_____32_____whatkindofshapesmadeitup.Atschool,duringthe_____33_____,otherkidswouldsayplayingdodgeball,butIwouldsayplayingspheres（圓球）._____34_____otherkidssawaredwagon（馬車），Iwouldbreakthewagondowninmymindintoarectangleandtwocircles.Iwastheonlyonethatsawthese“pictures”brokendownintoshapes,whereaseveryoneelsesawitasa_____35_____.NowthatIamaseniorinhighschool,Istillseethingsinthesameway.21.A.hardly B.clearly C.constantly D.occasionally22.A.Annoyed B.Attracted C.Concerned D.Frightened23.A.shape B.sign C.sound D.movement24.A.followed B.missed C.recognized D.understood25.A.hand B.note C.mind D.step26.A.connected B.changed C.grew D.stuck27.A.increased B.enriched C.reduced D.remained28.A.read B.satisfy C.realize D.widen29.A.entered B.approached C.viewed D.mentioned30.A.colourful B.big C.thin D.limitless31A.idea B.imagination C.method D.track32.A.figureout B.keepup C.setdown D.turnout33.A.course B.break C.lesson D.campus34.A.After B.Since C.Though D.When35.A.whole B.scene C.section D.collection【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.B25.C26.C27.A28.B29.C30.D31.C32.A33.B34.D35.A【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。全文講述了受母親啟蒙教育的影響，現(xiàn)在作者對事物的認識就是圖片與形狀?！?1題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當我還是個小女孩的時候，我還幾乎不能讀書，媽媽就會把我放在她的腿上，給我讀兒童圖畫書。A.hardly幾乎不；B.clearly清楚地；C.constantly不斷地；D.occasionally偶爾地。結(jié)合空前后的“EversinceIwasalittlegirl”和“mymomwouldsetmeuponherlap”可知，此時作者很小，幾乎不能(hardly)讀書。故選A。【22題詳解】考查動詞和形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我被她手指的游移所吸引，目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地盯著她手指的每一個動作，聽她說出那個形狀的名字。A.Annoyed惱怒；B.Attracted吸引；C.Concerned關心；D.Frightened害怕。從空后的“bythetracingofherfinger,Iwouldstareandconcentratemyeyestocatch”可知，作者被她手指的行蹤所吸引。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我被她手指的游移所吸引，目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地盯著她手指的每一個動作，聽她說出那個形狀的名字。A.shape形狀；B.sign手勢；C.sound聲音；D.movement移動。根據(jù)空前的“bythetracingofherfinger”可知這里講述她手指的移動(movement)。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我錯過了什么，我會求她一遍又一遍地重復這一頁，直到我腦海中有了那個形狀的名字和形狀。A.followed跟隨；B.missed錯過；C.recognized認出；D.understood理解。結(jié)合空后的“Iwouldbeghertorepeatthepageoverandoveragain,”可知，有時作者會錯過(miss)些東西。故選B。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我錯過了什么，我會求她一遍又一遍地重復這一頁，直到我腦海中有了那個形狀的名字和形狀。A.hand手；B.note筆記；C.mind腦海；D.step步驟。從下文“mymemorizationoftheshapes”可知，作者把這些形狀記在腦海(mind)中。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我進入二年級時，我對這些形狀的記憶也隨著我增長。A.connected連接；B.changed改變；C.grew生長；D.stuck堅持。從空前的“AsIenteredthesecondgrade,mymemorization”可知，這些記憶一直跟著作者。grow意思是“生長”，這里指早期的記憶一直伴隨自己。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我學會了新的、復雜的形狀，我對形狀的認識也越來越多，以至于我家里的舊圖畫書都不能滿足我對形狀的需求了。A.increased增加；B.enriched使豐富；C.reduced減少；D.remained保持。結(jié)合空前的“Ilearnednew,complexshapes”可知，因為學習了新的、復雜的形狀，因此自己的知識增長(increase)了。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我學會了新的、復雜的形狀，我對形狀的認識也越來越多，以至于我家里的舊圖畫書都不能滿足我對形狀的需求了。A.read讀；B.satisfy滿足；C.realize意識到；D.widen加寬。聯(lián)系空前的“myoldpicturebooksIhadathomecouldnolonger”可知，家里的那些舊的書已經(jīng)不能滿足(satisfy)作者的需要了。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，我把世界看作是我新的、無限的圖畫書，把每座建筑、房子和卡車都看成是矩形、方形和三角形、矩形和底部帶圓圈的矩形。A.entered進入；B.approached靠近；C.viewed看成；D.mentioned提及。根據(jù)空后“theworldasmynew,____10____picturebookandreadeachbuilding,”可知，作者把世界看成(view)是新的、無盡的圖畫書。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：相反，我把世界看作是我新的、無限的圖畫書，把每座建筑、房子和卡車都看成是矩形、方形和三角形、矩形和底部帶圓圈的矩形。A.colourful多彩的；B.big大的；C.thin瘦的；D.limitless無盡的?？疾樾稳菰~。從空前的“theworld”可知，作者把世界看成無盡的(limitless)圖畫書。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果我可以的話，我會去尋找每一個物體，并遵循我媽媽在我年輕的時候所做的追蹤方法。A.idea想法；B.imagination想象；C.method方式；D.track蹤跡。結(jié)合空前的“followthetracing”可知，作者講述自己母親教育自己的方式(method)。故選C。【32題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析。句意：我會用我的手指沿著物體的輪廓畫出它的形狀。A.figureout弄清楚；B.keepup保持；C.setdown記下；D.turnout證明是。聯(lián)系空后的“whatkindofshapesmadeitup”可知，自己要弄清楚(figureout)是什么形狀構(gòu)成了它。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在學校，課間休息時，其他孩子會說玩躲避球，但我會說玩球體。A.course課程；B.break休息；C.lesson課；D.campus校園。依據(jù)空后“otherkidswouldsayplayingdodgeball”可知，作者在講述課間休息(break)。故選B。【34題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：當其他孩子看到紅色的馬車時，我會在腦海里把它分解成一個矩形和兩個圓圈。A.After在……之后；B.Since自從；C.Though盡管；D.When當……時候。分析空后的“otherkidssawaredwagon”可知，當(When)別的孩子看一個紅色的車廂時。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我是唯一一個看到這些“圖片”被分解成各種形狀的人，而其他人卻把它們看作一個整體。A.whole整體；B.scene風景；C.section部分；D.collection收集。本空與前文“brokendownintoshapes”形成對比，別人看到的是整體(whole)，作者看到的是