2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit4Everydayeconomics泛讀技能初養(yǎng)成教用文檔教案外研版選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

PAGEUnit4Everydayeconomics閱讀教材P44－45課文，選出最佳選項(xiàng)1．Whichoneisnotthebenefitofthesharingeconomy?A．Savingmoney.B．Makingmoney.C．Leakingpersonalinformation.D．Makingfriends.2．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthesharingeconomy?A．Subjective. B．Objective.C．Indifferent. D．Neutral.[答案]1－2CBWordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)1)discriminatev．卑視；區(qū)分，辨別[教材P41]However，somepeoplearelessoptimistic，andarguethatitdiscriminatesagainstproducersnotpartoftheGoodDealmovement.然而，一些人不那么樂(lè)觀，他們認(rèn)為這是卑視不屬于GoodDeal運(yùn)動(dòng)的生產(chǎn)者。[例1]Itisillegaltodiscriminateongroundsofrace,sexorreligion.因種族、性別或宗教信仰而實(shí)行卑視是非法的。[例2]Anumberoffeaturesdiscriminatethisspeciesfromothers.有些特征使這一物種與其他物種區(qū)分開(kāi)來(lái)。[造句]法律絕不卑視窮人偏袒富人。Thelawdoesnotdiscriminateagainstthepoorandinfavouroftherich.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]discriminateagainst 卑視；排斥；人身攻擊；區(qū)分discriminatebetweenAandB＝discriminateAfromB 區(qū)分A和Bdiscriminateinfavourofsb. 偏袒某人discriminationn. 卑視；偏袒；區(qū)分；識(shí)別[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Womencomplainthatemployersdiscriminateagainstfemaleworkerswhencalculatingtheirrankandpay.②Itisunfairtodiscriminatebetweenblackpeopleandwhitepeople.③ThePopesaidtherighttofoodwasarightforallhumanbeingswithoutdiscrimination(discriminate)．eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)2)superioradj.(品質(zhì)、價(jià)值)較好的；地位較高地，上級(jí)的；(在數(shù)量上)占多數(shù)的，占優(yōu)勢(shì)的；不受……左右的，不屈服的n．長(zhǎng)官；長(zhǎng)輩；前輩；優(yōu)越的人[教材P41]ThiskindofCoffeehasspecialfeatures：superior，smoothblend，withmildflavour.這種咖啡的特點(diǎn)是：品質(zhì)上乘，混合勻稱，味道溫柔。[例1]Heissuperiortotheotherman.他比另一個(gè)男子級(jí)別高。[例2]Thatarmywonbecauseofsuperiornumbers.那支軍隊(duì)以人多取勝。[造句]你在這項(xiàng)技術(shù)上肯定賽過(guò)我。Youmustbesuperiortomeinthisskill.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]AissuperiortoB＝A'ssuperioritytoB A高于或好于Bsuperiorityn. 優(yōu)越；優(yōu)先權(quán)superior用作形容詞時(shí)，本身含有“較”的意思，故不再有比較級(jí)或最高級(jí)形式。表示“兩者的比較”，用“superiorto”，而不能用“superiorthan”。[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Thismodelistechnicallysuperiortoitscompetitors.②Hewonthecompetitionwithobvioussuperiority(superior)．eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)3)sorrown．哀痛；哀思；哀痛；難過(guò)事；哀痛事v．感到(或表示)哀痛[教材P44]Parentsandteacherskeepremindingustosharetoys，snacks，books，happymemories，andsometimesevensorrowswithothers.家長(zhǎng)和老師不斷提示我們，要和別人共享玩具、零食、書籍、歡樂(lè)的回憶，有時(shí)甚至是哀痛。[例1]Itwasatimeofgreatsorrow.這是一個(gè)特別哀痛的時(shí)刻。[例2]Wordscannotexpressmysorrow.言語(yǔ)無(wú)法表達(dá)我的哀傷。[造句]聽(tīng)到她的死訊，他表示哀傷。Heexpressedhissorrowatthenewsofherdeath.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)joysandsorrows 悲歡(2)toone'ssorrow 讓某人難過(guò)的是moreinsorrowthaninanger 哀痛多于生氣(3)sorrowfuladj. 哀痛的[即學(xué)即練]完成句子/單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theysaidthatthedecisionwasmademoreinsorrowthaninanger(與其說(shuō)是出于生氣，不如說(shuō)是出于哀痛)．②Tomysorrowmycarbrokedown.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)4)takeoff(飛機(jī))起飛；起先勝利；脫去(衣服等)；摘掉；匆忙離開(kāi)；休假[教材P44]Thesharingeconomyistakingoffinallsortsofareas.共享經(jīng)濟(jì)正在各個(gè)領(lǐng)域蓬勃發(fā)展。[例1]Theyneedtoexpandthenumberoffarmerswhoareinvolvedifthescheme'sgoingtoreallytakeoff.這個(gè)方案要想真正勝利，他們就須要增加參加的農(nóng)場(chǎng)主的人數(shù)。[例2]In1944，hemetEdithPiaf，andhiscareertookoff.1944年，他結(jié)識(shí)了伊迪思·比阿夫，從今他的事業(yè)起先騰飛。[造句]在第三部電影之后，他的電影表演事業(yè)起先有起色了。Afterhisthirdfilm，hiscareeroffilmperformancetookoff.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]takesth.away 解除，消退(感情，苦痛等)takesb./sth.back 與……重歸于好；收回；帶回；使回 想起takedown 寫下，登記；拆卸takein 汲取；理解；欺瞞；收留takeon 具有，呈現(xiàn)；擔(dān)當(dāng)，擔(dān)當(dāng)；雇用takeup 舉(拿、撿、拔)起；占據(jù)；從事takeover 接管；接任；限制[即學(xué)即練]寫出下列句中takeoff的含義①Threeplaneswerestandingontherunway，waitingtotakeoff.起飛②Iwishyou'dtakeoffthathatwhenyouareintheclassroom.摘掉③Congratulations，Paulo!Nowmaybeyoucantakeafewdaysoff.休假④Hetookoffbecauseofhisgoodperformance.起先勝利⑤Thesixboysgotintothecarandtookoffforthedrugstore.匆忙離開(kāi)eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)5)cutdown削減；削減運(yùn)用；砍倒；奪去……的生命[教材P45]What'smore，sharingencouragesustoreuseitems，therebycuttingdownonwaste.更重要的是，共享激勵(lì)我們重復(fù)運(yùn)用物品，從而削減奢侈。[例1]Ifyouspendmorethanyourincome，canyoutrytocutdown?假如你入不敷出，可以試著削減開(kāi)支嗎？[例2]Cutdownonanimalfatsfoundinredmeat，hardcheesesandsoon.削減攝入存在于紅肉、硬干酪等中的動(dòng)物脂肪。[造句]汽車制造業(yè)縮減了生產(chǎn)量。Thecarindustrycutdownproduction.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]cutin 插話；讓(某人)共享利潤(rùn)cutup 打傷；使難過(guò)cutout 刪除；裁剪cutthrough 開(kāi)拓cutoff 切斷；中止；隔絕；剝奪繼承權(quán)[即學(xué)即練]寫出下列句中cutdown的含義/單句語(yǔ)法填空①M(fèi)yunclehasn'tbeenabletoquitsmoking，butatleasthehascutdown. 削減②Thisarticleistoolong，andyouhavetocutitdownto1，000words. 刪減③Immediateactionsshouldbetaken，likestoppingcuttingdowntrees，tobettertheenvironment. 砍倒④Hunger，coldandillnesscutdownmanyofthevillagers.奪去……的生命⑤Wewerecutoffinthemiddleofourtelephoneconversationbecausemycellphonewasoutofpower.⑥Itisimpoliteforchildrentocutinwhentheirseniorsaretalking.eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)6)casen．詳細(xì)狀況；事例；實(shí)例；實(shí)情；事實(shí)；特別狀況；盒子；案例；傷員[教材P45]Asisoftenthecaseallovertheworldwithnewareasofeconomicactivity，thesharingeconomyisdevelopingfasterthanexistingregulationsorongoingsupervision.正如世界各地新的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)領(lǐng)域常常出現(xiàn)的狀況一樣，共享經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展速度超過(guò)了現(xiàn)有的法規(guī)或持續(xù)的監(jiān)管。[例1]Ifthatisthecase(＝ifthesituationdescribedistrue)，weneedmorestaff.假如真是那樣，那我們就須要更多的員工了。[例2]Itissimplynotthecasethatprisonconditionsareimproving.監(jiān)獄條件得到改善的狀況絕非事實(shí)。[造句]他的錢全部輸光，真有其事嗎？Isitthecasethathehaslostallhismoney?[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)insb.'scase 就某人的狀況而言(2)inthatcase 假如是那樣的話incase 以防萬(wàn)一incaseof 要是……，在……的時(shí)候thecase 事實(shí)inanycase 無(wú)論如何；不管怎樣[即學(xué)即練]寫出下列句中case/thecase的含義/單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Thereisamisbeliefthatpopcorniscalorie-free，butthatisnotthecase. 事實(shí)②Theseideascanbetrueincertaincases，butverywronginothers. 狀況③Toattractmorevisitors，themuseumdisplayedtheexhibitionsunglasscases. 盒子④Judgingfromthewholeprocess，itwasatypicalcaseofbadmanagement. 案例⑤Fortunately，themostseriouscasesweretreatedatthesceneoftheaccident. 傷員⑥There'snopointcomplainingnow—we'releavingtomorrowinanycase.⑦You'dbettertakethekeysincaseI'mout(以防萬(wàn)一我不在家)．eq\a\vs4\al(學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)7)expensen．費(fèi)用；經(jīng)費(fèi)；損失，犧牲[教材P45]Somecompaniesaretakingunfairadvantageofthissituationtoexpandtheirshareofthemarket，oftenattheexpenseofmoretraditionalandestablishedcompanies.一些公司正在利用這種不公允的狀況來(lái)擴(kuò)大其市場(chǎng)份額，往往以犧牲更多的傳統(tǒng)和老牌公司為代價(jià)。[例1]IsparenoexpensetocollectthepaintingsbyPicasso.我不惜花費(fèi)巨資保藏畢加索的畫。[例2]Ourexpensesfaroutweighourincome.我們的支出遠(yuǎn)超我們的收入。[造句]他自己籌措支付全部的學(xué)費(fèi)。Hepaidalltheschoolexpensesbyhimself.[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]atone'sownexpense 用自費(fèi)atthepublicexpense 用公費(fèi)livingexpenses 生活費(fèi)atanyexpense 不管花多少錢；不管犧牲多大attheexpenseofaperson 用(某人)的費(fèi)用；麻煩(某人)attheexpenseof 犧牲；付出……的代價(jià)expensiveadj. 昂貴的，花錢的itisexpensive＋todo ……是很花錢的[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空①Shegaveaconcertatherbrother'sexpense.②Hesecuredfameandwealthattheexpenseofhishealth.③Itisexpensivetotravel(travel)byplane.段落大意題段落大意類題型多在說(shuō)明文和爭(zhēng)論文中進(jìn)行考查，這類文章涉及多種話題如社會(huì)文化類、科普說(shuō)明類等。設(shè)問(wèn)形式常有：(1)Whatdoesthelastparagraphtalkabout?(2)Themainideaofthesecondparagraphprobablyis．解題技巧——“首尾兼顧”知段意(1)段首：說(shuō)明文和爭(zhēng)論文中的主題句常在段首句。(2)段尾：先表述細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，后歸納概括，段落中心在段尾。[典例]...Meanwhile，thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—“bad”tables，crowding，highprices—don'tnecessarily.Dinersatbadtables—nexttothekitchendoor，say—spentnearlyasmuchasothersbutsoonfled.Itcanbeconcludedthatrestaurantkeepersneednot“beoverlyconcernedabout‘bad’tables，”giventhatthey'reprofitable.Asforcrowds，aHongKongstudyfoundthattheyincreasedarestaurant'sreputation，suggestinggreatfoodatfairprices.Anddoublingabuffet'spriceledcustomerstosaythatitspizzawas11percenttastier.★Whatdoestheparagraphtalkabout?A．Tipstoattractmorecustomers.B．Problemsrestaurantsarefacedwith.C．Waystoimproverestaurants'reputation.D．Commonmisunderstandingsaboutrestaurants.D[依據(jù)文章第一句“Meanwhile，thingsthatyoumightexpecttodiscouragespending—‘bad’tables，crowding，highprices—don'tnecessarily.”可知，你認(rèn)為可能會(huì)影響人們消費(fèi)的因素如：不好的桌子、擁擠以及高價(jià)等不肯定會(huì)影響人們的消費(fèi)，然后依次舉例進(jìn)行了證明，所以本段主要講的是人們對(duì)于飯店的幾個(gè)誤會(huì)，故選D。][對(duì)點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練]A...Aseparateconcert，“SongsWeLove”，foundBridgewatersinginglesspoliticallycharged(butstillexciting)farelike“St.JamesInfirmary”，whichappearsonhermostrecentalbum.Inwordsaswellasmusic，thisperiodrevealshowseriouslyBridgewatertakesthatresponsibility，seeingashowitconnectstoherownexperienceinthejazzlineage.Butmaybe“seriously”isn'ttherightwordwhenitcomestoDeeDee，whoseeffervescence(歡騰，活潑)shinesthrougheveninareflectivemood.Joinherhereforawhile；she'sexcellentcompany，nomoreorlesssonowthatmasteryisofficiallyapartofherresume.★Whatdoestheparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Bridgewater'smusictheme.B．Bridgewater'smusicexperience.C．Bridgewater'spersonalcharacters.D．Bridgewater'sgreatachievements.A[段落大意題。依據(jù)第一句中的“singinglesspoliticallycharged...”可知，她的歌曲政治味不太劇烈，故本段主要講了布里姬沃特的音樂(lè)主題。]BThereisabreakthroughinbuildingaircraft.Bendablewingscoveredwithoverlapping(部分重疊)piecesresemblingfishsizescouldbeusedtobuildswifter，fuel-efficientaircraft，anewstudyfinds.Nowadays，conventionalaircrafttypicallyrelyonailerons(副翼)tohelpcontrolthewaytheplanestipastheyfly.However，whentheWrightbrothersflewthefirstairplane，F(xiàn)lyer1，overacenturyago，theyusednoaileronsbutwiresandpulleysthattwistedthewood-and-canvaswings，tocontroltheplane.Scientistshavelongso