河北省十縣聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月期中英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省十縣聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期10月期中英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASomebeachesareperfectforrelaxing,whileothersofferactivitieslikehikingandwatersports.Visitthesebeautifulbeachesforanunforgettablevacation.CannonBeachIfyourperfectbeachvacationspotfeaturespostcard-worthysceneryandpeace,looknofurtherthanCannonBeach.InthisPacificNorthwesttown,youcanevenbuildafireonthebeachtorelaxbesidewhilewatchingthesunset.Whenyouneedabreakfromthebeach,grababikeandheaddowntowntoexploreitsartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.HorseshoeBayBeachForaone-of-a-kindbeachexperience,headtoHorseshoeBayBeachonBermuda’sSouthShore.Knownforitspinksand,thisbeachisapopulardestinationforfamilieslookingtoplayinthecalmblue-greenwatersandbuildblush-coloredsandcastles.Adventureseekerscanalsotakepartintheself-guidedislandbicycletourorengageinexcitingwatersports.MoheganBluffsThisbeachisfamousforitsnaturalbeauty.Uponarrival,pausetoadmireyoursurroundingsandlearnaboutitstiestothenativepeople,theirancienttraditions,andconnectiontotheland,addingdepthtoyourbeachexperience.Then,takethe141stepsdowntothesandtosunbathe.Afterthat,climbbackuptovisittheSoutheastLightforanup-closeviewofits18th-centurylighthouse.SouthBeachThistropicaldistrictonFlorida’sAtlanticCoastisworld-renownedforitspowderywhitesand.AlthoughtechnicallypartoftheMiamiBeacharea,SouthBeachstandsoutduetoitsArtDecoarchitectureseenineverythingfromthebeachfrontlifeguardtowerstothehigh-risebuildingsalongthefamedOceanDrive.1.WhatsimilaritydoCannonBeachandHorseshoeBayBeachshare?A.Thechancetocyclearound. B.Theirlivelyartisticscene.C.Theuniquewatersports. D.Theirdistinctivesandcolor.2.WhoismostlikelyattractedtoMoheganBluffs?A.Thoseseekingwatersports. B.Fansofmodernlighthouses.C.Thoseinterestedinlocalculture. D.Enthusiastsofmountainclimbing.3.WhatsetsSouthBeachapartfromtherestoftheMiamiBeacharea?A.Itsbeachsand. B.Itsarchitecturalstyle.C.Itsoceandrive. D.Itshigh-risebuildings.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了一些美麗的海灘。【1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CannonBeach部分中“Whenyouneedabreakfromthebeach,grababikeandheaddowntowntoexploreitsartgalleries,shopsandrestaurants.(當(dāng)你需要離開海灘休息一下的時候，可以騎上一輛自行車，前往市中心的藝術(shù)畫廊、商店和餐館)”和HorseshoeBayBeach部分中“Adventureseekerscanalsotakepartintheself-guidedislandbicycletourorengageinexcitingwatersports.(喜歡冒險的人還可以參加島上的自助自行車之旅，或者參加刺激的水上運(yùn)動)”可知，兩個海灘的共同點(diǎn)是都可以在周圍騎行，故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MoheganBluffs部分中“Uponarrival,pausetoadmireyoursurroundingsandlearnaboutitstiestothenativepeople,theirancienttraditions,andconnectiontotheland,addingdepthtoyourbeachexperience.(抵達(dá)后，停下來欣賞周圍的環(huán)境，了解它與當(dāng)?shù)厝说穆?lián)系，他們的古老傳統(tǒng)，以及與土地的聯(lián)系，為您的海灘體驗(yàn)增添深度)”可知，對當(dāng)?shù)匚幕信d趣的人最有可能被MoheganBluffs所吸引，故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SouthBeach部分中“AlthoughtechnicallypartoftheMiamiBeacharea,SouthBeachstandsoutduetoitsArtDecoarchitectureseenineverythingfromthebeachfrontlifeguardtowerstothehigh-risebuildingsalongthefamedOceanDrive.(雖然嚴(yán)格來說是邁阿密海灘地區(qū)的一部分，但南海灘因其裝飾藝術(shù)建筑而引人注目，從海濱救生塔到著名的海洋大道沿線的高層建筑，隨處可見)”可知，SouthBeach因其裝飾藝術(shù)風(fēng)格的建筑而脫穎而出，故選B。BAssocialcreatures,researchhashistoricallypointedusawayfromtimealone.Butrecently,morepeoplearespendingtimeawayfromthecrowd,andevenseemtodesireit.InSolitude(獨(dú)處)—Thescienceandpowerofbeingalone,abookco-writtenbyHeatherHansen,anaward-winningjournalistandauthor,withtheresearcherNguyen,theysetouttounderstandhoweverydaysolitudeaffectspeople’slives.Inthelargeststudyofitskind,thousandsagedbetween13and85participatedinonlinesurveys.Forsome,thinkoftheword“solitude”,andtheywillthinkofadeterminedhikeraloneinthewilderness.Mostpeopledescribedexperiencesofsolitudeachievedwhile,forexample,walkinginaparkorwritinginajournal.Surprisingly,somedescribedsolitudeashavingapsychologicaldistancefromothers,butnotnecessarilyaphysicalone.Inseveralseparateexperiments,Nguyenfoundthatwhenpeoplespend15minutesalone,thereisa“deactivationeffect”,meaning“highexcitement”emotionslikeanxietyaredecreased,whilepositive“l(fā)owexcitement”feelingslikecalmnessareincreased,whichwasn’tseenwhenpeoplespent15minuteswithanotherperson.Onecaveatisthatsometimessolitudealsoincreasesthenegativelowexcitementfeelingofloneliness.However,afurtherexperimentshowedthatthisincreasecouldbeweakenedwhenindividualschosetothinkaboutpositivethoughtsorwhentheyweregivenachoicewhethertospendtimealone.Thelistdoesn’tendthere,though.Severalstudieslinktimealoneandcreativity,butonlywhenpeopleavoidsocialinteractionsbecauseofwhatisknownasa“non-fearful”preferenceforsolitude.Ontheotherhand,thereisnosuchlinkinthosewhosefearoranxietypreventsthemfrominteractingwithothers,orbecauseofavoidance,wherepeopledislikedsocialinteractions.Nowthinkaboutthenexttimeyouwillbeonyourown.Willyouenjoyorsufferit?Asevidenceincreasesforhowtimealonecanbeapositiveforceinshapingourlives,Hansenandhercolleaguesrecommendplanningforit-andprotectingit.4.Whatisthesurveyinparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Whensolitudeisneeded. B.Whatsolitudelookslike.C.Howsolitudeaffectspeople’slives. D.Howpeoplemakethebestofsolitude.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“caveat”inparagraph3mean?A.Trap. B.Bonus. C.Warning. D.Prediction.6.Accordingtothestudies,timealonewillboostcreativityforthosewho__________.A.prefertotakerisks B.choosetobealonewithoutfearC.dislikesocialinteractions D.enjoynegativeemotions7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ThePowerofOne B.ProfitofSocializingC.TheUrgetoLiveAlone D.BattleAgainstSolitude【答案】4.B5.C6.B7.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要討論了獨(dú)處對人們生活的積極影響，包括提高創(chuàng)造力和幫助人們更好地規(guī)劃自己的生活?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Forsome,thinkoftheword“solitude”,andtheywillthinkofadeterminedhikeraloneinthewilderness.Mostpeopledescribedexperiencesofsolitudeachievedwhile,forexample,walkinginaparkorwritinginajournal.Surprisingly,somedescribedsolitudeashavingapsychologicaldistancefromothers,butnotnecessarilyaphysicalone.(對一些人來說，一想到“獨(dú)處”這個詞，他們就會想到一個堅定的徒步旅行者獨(dú)自在荒野中。大多數(shù)人描述了在公園散步或?qū)懭沼洉r獲得的獨(dú)處經(jīng)歷。令人驚訝的是，一些人將孤獨(dú)描述為與他人保持心理距離，但不一定是身體上的距離。)”可知，該段主要討論的是獨(dú)處的表現(xiàn)形式，即“獨(dú)處是什么樣子的”。故選B?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“Inseveralseparateexperiments,Nguyenfoundthatwhenpeoplespend15minutesalone,thereisa“deactivationeffect”,meaning“highexcitement”emotionslikeanxietyaredecreased,whilepositive“l(fā)owexcitement”feelingslikecalmnessareincreased,whichwasn’tseenwhenpeoplespent15minuteswithanotherperson.(在幾個獨(dú)立的實(shí)驗(yàn)中，Nguyen發(fā)現(xiàn)，當(dāng)人們獨(dú)處15分鐘時，會產(chǎn)生一種“失活效應(yīng)”，這意味著焦慮等“高度興奮”的情緒會減少，而平靜等積極的“低興奮”情緒會增加，而當(dāng)人們與另一個人相處15分鐘時，則不會出現(xiàn)這種情況。)”可知，上文提到獨(dú)處的好處，結(jié)合下文“sometimessolitudealsoincreasesthenegativelowexcitementfeelingofloneliness.(有時獨(dú)處也會增加消極的低興奮感)”可知，此處的意思是獨(dú)處不僅會增加積極的低興奮感，也會增加消極的低興奮感，這是值得警醒的事情，由此可知，caveat意為“警告，警醒”。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Severalstudieslinktimealoneandcreativity,butonlywhenpeopleavoidsocialinteractionsbecauseofwhatisknownasa“non-fearful”preferenceforsolitude.(幾項(xiàng)研究將獨(dú)處時間與創(chuàng)造力聯(lián)系起來，但只有當(dāng)人們因?yàn)樗^的“無所畏懼”的獨(dú)處偏好而避免社交時才會如此。)”可知，只有那些因?yàn)椤胺强謶帧钡钠枚x擇獨(dú)處的人，獨(dú)處時間才會促進(jìn)他們的創(chuàng)造力。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要討論了獨(dú)處對人們生活的積極影響，包括提高創(chuàng)造力和幫助人們更好地規(guī)劃自己的生活。因此，最適合的標(biāo)題應(yīng)該是強(qiáng)調(diào)獨(dú)處的好處或力量的標(biāo)題，即“一個人的力量”。故選A。CTexan81-year-oldgoodfriendsEllieHambyandSandyHazeliptouredtheworldin80days,provingthatadventuredoesn’thaveanagelimit.Theirfirststopwasalocationchallengingevenmanyexperiencedtravelers:theAntarctic.GettingtothesouthernmostcontinentfirstrequiredcrossingtheDrakePassage,thewatersbetweenthesoutherntipofSouthAmericaandtheAntarctic’sSouthShetlandIslands.“Foralmosttwodays,wewererockingandrolling,slippingandslidingthroughtheDrakePassageandwewereholdingonfordearlife,“Hambysaid.Thevoyage,however,fadedfromtheirmindastheysetfootonthegroundoftheAntarctic,fascinatedbythebreathtakingbeautyofpenguins,icebergsandglaciers.Sincethatfirstventure,thepairhavevisited18countriesacrossallsevencontinents.Anddespitethechallengesinternationaltravelpresented,thegoodfriendssaidtheyhadfinishedtheirtripwithoutanyargument.Thoughthey’rebothindependentandstubborn,theyrespecteachother’sfeelings.Andwhattheyrememberthemostarethepeoplethattheymet.“Wemetsomeofthemostwonderful,kindest,friendliestpeople.Wejusthavefriendsnowallovertheworldthatwelovedearly,”Hambysaid.Thetwosharedacrucialpieceofadvicefortravelersworryingaboutthelanguagebarrierontheirownadventures.”Youknow,peopleoftenaskusaboutit,”saidHamby.”Wetellthemthere’soneuniversallanguage,andthat’sthesmile.WefounditworkedwondersbecausewewereoftenawarethatEnglishwasnotalwaysspokenandthatthesmilecouldcoveralllanguages.”Theyalsoencouragedotherolderpeoplenottoletageholdthemback.Asidefromsomeminorchangesinplans,theiragedidn’taffecttheiritinerary(旅程)abroad.Theysaidtheyfeltconfidentthatiftheywereinjuredduringtheirtrip,theirchildrenwouldhavebeenatpeaceknowingthattheyweredoingwhattheyabsolutelywanted.AndHazelipdescribed81astheperfectagetoembarkonatrip.”Gettingolderdoesgiveusalittlebitofwisdomofmakingdecisions,”shesaid.8.WhatmightthepairthinkoftheirtriptotheAntarctic?A.Briefbutexciting. B.Toughbutworthwhile.C.Interestingbutfruitless. D.Unpleasantbutmemorable.9.Whatisthehighlightofthepair’sadventuresforthemselves?A.Meetingnicepeoplealongtheway.B.Experiencingmanychallengingactivities.C.Learningaboutdifferentculturesfromtravelers.D.Avoidingconflictsdespitetheirstubbornnature.10.Whathelpedthepaircommunicatewithpeopleduringtheadventure?A.English. B.Thesmile.C.Crucialadvice. D.Universalgestures.11.Whatcanweinferaboutthepairfromthelastparagraph?A.TheyfelldownwhenridingabikeinBali.B.Theyregrettednotexploringtheworldearlier.C.Theirchildrenunderstoodandsupportedthem.D.Theirwisdomsavedthemlotsoftimeduringtheirtrip.【答案】8.B9.A10.B11.C【語篇解讀】本文是記敘文。來自得克薩斯州的兩位81歲的好友EllieHamby和SandyHazelip周游世界八十天?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的““Foralmosttwodays，wewererockingandrolling，slippingandslidingthroughtheDrakePassageandwewereholdingonfordearlife，”Hambysaid.Thevoyage，however，fadedfromtheirmindastheysetfootonthegroundoftheAntarctic，fascinatedbythebreathtakingbeautyofpenguins，icebergsandglaciers.(Hamby說:“在差不多兩天的時間里，我們在德雷克海峽里搖晃著，打滑著，我們拼命地堅持著?！比欢?，當(dāng)他們踏上南極的土地，被企鵝、冰山和冰川的驚人美景所吸引時，這次航行就從他們的腦海中淡去了。)”可知，ElieHamby和SandyHazelip前往南極洲的旅程非常艱辛，但見到南極洲的風(fēng)光后她們又覺得很值得。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Andwhattheyrememberthemostarethepeoplethattheymet.“Wemetsomeofthemostwonderful,kindest,friendliestpeople.Wejusthavefriendsnowallovertheworldthatwelovedearly,”Hambysaid.(他們記得最深刻的是他們遇到的人?！拔覀冇龅搅艘恍┳顑?yōu)秀、最善良、最友好的人。我們現(xiàn)在在世界各地都有我們深愛的朋友。”)"可知。這兩個人旅行的亮點(diǎn)是沿途遇到一些善良的人。故選A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Wetellthemthere’soneuniversallanguage,andthat’sthesmile.WefounditworkedwondersbecausewewereoftenawarethatEnglishwasnotalwaysspokenandthatthesmilecouldcoveralllanguages.(我們告訴他們世界上有一種通用語言，那就是微笑。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這很有效，因?yàn)槲覀兘?jīng)常意識到英語并不總是被說的，而微笑可以涵蓋所有的語言。)”可知，Hammby推薦通用語言“微笑”，因此推斷“微笑”有助于她們與人的交流。故選B?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Theysaidtheyfeltconfidentthatiftheywereinjuredduringtheirtrip,theirchildrenwouldhavebeenatpeaceknowingthattheyweredoingwhattheyabsolutelywanted.(他們說，他們有信心，如果他們在旅行中受傷，他們的孩子會知道他們在做他們絕對想做的事情。)”可推斷，EllieHamby和SandyHazelip的孩子們是理解并支持她們的。故選C。DResearchershopebrainimplants(植入物)willonedayhelppeoplewhohavelosttheabilitytospeak,togettheirvoicebackandmaybeeventosing.Now,forthefirsttime,scientistshavedemonstratedthatthebrain’selectricalactivitycanbeinterpretedandusedtoreconstructmusic.AstudypublishedinPLOSBiologyanalyzeddatafrom29peoplewhoalreadyhadbrainimplantsthatmonitoredthemforepilepticseizures(癲癇).AstheparticipantslistenedtoPinkFloyd’ssong“AnotherBrickintheWall,Part1,”asongwhichis“verylayered,”andthereforeisinterestingtoanalyze,theirimplantedelectrodes(電極)obtainedelectricalactivityinseveralbrainregionsrelatedtomusicalelementssuchastone,rhythm,harmonyandlyrics.TheresearchersthenranthesedatathroughanAImodeltopartiallyreconstructwhatparticipantsheard.Thereconstructedmelodywasroughlycomplete,andthelyricswereunclearbutrecognizableifoneknewwhattolistenfor.Beyondmusic,theresultsmaybemostusefulfortranslatingbrainsignalsintohumanspeech,whichitselfcontainsmelodicdifferences,includingtempo,stress,accentsandintonation.Thesesubtledifferences“carrymeaningthatwecan’tcommunicatewithwordsalone,”Belliersays.Theresearchershopetheirnewmodelwillimprovebrain-computerinterfaces,devicesthatturnbrainactivityintosynthesized(合成的)speechforthosewhocannolongerspeakontheirown.“Insteadofroboticallysaying,‘ILove.You,’youcanyell,‘Iloveyou!”saysthestudy’sseniorauthor,RobertT.Knight,acognitiveneuroscientist.Thecurrentmodelreliesonsurgicallyimplantedelectrodes.Butasbrain-recordingtechniquesimprove,itmaybepossibletogathersuchdatawithmoresensitiveelectrodesattachedtotheoutsideofthescalp(頭皮).Fornowtheresearchershopetogeneratecrispermusicalplaybackbypackingtheelectrodesclosertogetheronthebrain’ssurface,enablinganevenmoredetailedlookattheelectricalsymphonytheorganproduces.“Todaywereconstructedasong,”Knightsays.“MaybetomorrowwecanreconstructtheentirePinkFloydalbum.”12.Whathaveresearchersachievedatthepresentstage?A.Theyhaverecreatedalittlebrainmusic.B.Theyhaveimplantedelectrodestointerpretlyrics.C.Theyhavefoundacureforpeoplewithepilepticseizures.D.Theyhavegivenpeoplewhocan’tspeakthepowertocommunicate.13.WhatdidthestudypublishedinPLOSBiologyanalyze?A.Theeffectsofbrainimplantsonepilepticseizures.B.TheimpactofPinkFloyd’smusiconbrainfunction.C.Themusicalpreferencesofindividualswithbrainimplants.D.Theelectricalactivityinthebrainwhilelisteningtoaspecificsong.14.AccordingtoRobertT.Knight,what’sthesignificanceofthenewmodel?A.Itwillmakeroboticvoicemorepleasanttohear.B.Itcanhelppeopleexpressthemselvesmorefluently.C.Itmayhelpsomedisabledpeoplebetterconveytheirmeaning.D.Itislikelytofreepeople’shandswhenoperatingthecomputer.15.What’sthedecisivefactorofthefurtherdevelopmentofthestudy?A.Thearrangementofimplantedelectrodes.B.TheeffortstoreconstructPinkFloyd’sentirealbum.C.Thedevelopmentoftechniquestopickupbrainsignals.D.Theinterpretationoftheelectricalactivityofthebrain.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.C【語篇解讀】本文是說明文。詳細(xì)描述了科學(xué)家們?nèi)绾瓮ㄟ^研究大腦的電活動來重建音樂，以及這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的潛在應(yīng)用和未來的發(fā)展方向。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AstheparticipantslistenedtoPinkFloyd’ssong“AnotherBrickintheWall,Part1,”asongwhichis“verylayered,”andthereforeisinterestingtoanalyze,theirimplantedelectrodes(電極)obtainedelectricalactivityinseveralbrainregionsrelatedtomusicalelementssuchastone,rhythm,harmonyandlyrics.TheresearchersthenranthesedatathroughanAImodeltopartiallyreconstructwhatparticipantsheard.Thereconstructedmelodywasroughlycomplete,andthelyricswereunclearbutrecognizableifoneknewwhattolistenfor.(當(dāng)參與者聽平克·弗洛伊德(PinkFloyd)的歌曲AnotherBrickintheWall,第一部分時，他們植入的電極在與音調(diào)、節(jié)奏、和聲和歌詞等音樂元素相關(guān)的幾個大腦區(qū)域獲得了電活動。這首歌“非常有層次”，因此分析起來很有趣。然后，研究人員通過人工智能模型運(yùn)行這些數(shù)據(jù)，部分重建參與者聽到的內(nèi)容。重建的旋律大致完成了，歌詞不清楚，但如果你知道要聽什么，就能辨認(rèn)出來)”可知，目前研究人員重新創(chuàng)造了一段大腦音樂。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AstheparticipantslistenedtoPinkFloyd’ssong“AnotherBrickintheWall,Part1,”asongwhichis“verylayered,”andthereforeisinterestingtoanalyze,theirimplantedelectrodes(電極)obtainedelectricalactivityinseveralbrainregionsrelatedtomusicalelementssuchastone,rhythm,harmonyandlyrics.TheresearchersthenranthesedatathroughanAImodeltopartiallyreconstructwhatparticipantsheard.Thereconstructedmelodywasroughlycomplete,andthelyricswereunclearbutrecognizableifoneknewwhattolistenfor.(當(dāng)參與者聽平克·弗洛伊德(PinkFloyd)的歌曲AnotherBrickintheWall,第一部分時，他們植入的電極在與音調(diào)、節(jié)奏、和聲和歌詞等音樂元素相關(guān)的幾個大腦區(qū)域獲得了電活動。這首歌“非常有層次”，因此分析起來很有趣。然后，研究人員通過人工智能模型運(yùn)行這些數(shù)據(jù)，部分重建參與者聽到的內(nèi)容。重建的旋律大致完成了，歌詞不清楚，但如果你知道要聽什么，就能辨認(rèn)出來)”可知，研究人員讓參與者聽PinkFloyd的歌曲，并通過植入電極監(jiān)測他們大腦中與音樂元素相關(guān)的幾個區(qū)域的電活動，如音調(diào)、節(jié)奏、和聲和歌詞等。因此，該研究的重點(diǎn)是分析在聽特定歌曲時大腦的電活動。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Theresearchershopetheirnewmodelwillimprovebrain-computerinterfaces,devicesthatturnbrainactivityintosynthesized(合成的)speechforthosewhocannolongerspeakontheirown.“Insteadofroboticallysaying,‘ILove.You,’youcanyell,‘Iloveyou!”saysthestudy’sseniorauthor,RobertT.Knight,acognitiveneuroscientist.(研究人員希望他們的新模型能改進(jìn)腦機(jī)接口——那些將大腦活動轉(zhuǎn)化為合成語音的設(shè)備，服務(wù)于無法自行說話的人群?！澳憧梢月曀涣叩睾俺觥覑勰恪皇菣C(jī)械地說出‘我，愛你’，”該研究的主要作者、認(rèn)知神經(jīng)科學(xué)家RobertT.Knight說道)”可知，新模型可以幫助不能說話的人更好地傳達(dá)自己的意思，讓他們能夠更準(zhǔn)確、更自然地表達(dá)自己的情感和需求，這是RobertT.Knight所提到的新模型的重要意義。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thecurrentmodelreliesonsurgicallyimplantedelectrodes.Butasbrain-recordingtechniquesimprove,itmaybepossibletogathersuchdatawithmoresensitiveelectrodesattachedtotheoutsideofthescalp(頭皮).(目前的模型依賴于手術(shù)植入的電極。但隨著大腦記錄技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，在頭皮外部安裝更靈敏的電極，收集這些數(shù)據(jù)可能成為可能)”可知，目前的研究模型依賴于手術(shù)植入的電極，但隨著大腦記錄技術(shù)的改進(jìn)，可能通過使用更靈敏的、附著在頭皮外側(cè)的電極來收集此類數(shù)據(jù)。因此，進(jìn)一步研究的決定性因素是大腦信號采集技術(shù)的發(fā)展。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoMakeYourWritingFlow?Writingflowreferstohowsmoothlytextflowsfromonesentencetothenextandoneparagraphtoanother.____16____Ontheotherhand,choppy(不連貫的)writinglackingflowdisruptsthereadingexperience.Luckily,youhavethetipsbelowtoimprovetheflowofyourwriting.1.Varyyoursentencestructure.Usingonlyshort,choppysentencescreatesadisconnectedrhythmthatdisruptstheflow,whileaseriesoflong,complexsentencesoverwhelmreaders.____17____Varyingsentencestructurekeepsreadersengagedandcreatesnaturalmovementfromoneideatothenext.2.Usetransitionwordsandphrases.Transitionwordsandphrasesactlikebridgesbetweensentencesandparagraphs.Theycreatelogicalconnectionsbetweenideas.Usetransitionslike“however,”“therefore,”“similarly,”and“incontrast”togluesentencesandparagraphstogethersmoothly.____18____3.Structureparagraphsaroundacentralidea.____19____Thesupportingsentencesintheparagraphshouldworktogethertoexplain,develop,orarguethatcentralidea.Thiscreatescohesionwithinparagraphsandconnectsthemtoeachotherlogically.Usetopicsentencestointroducethemainideaofeachparagraph.Paragraphsstructuredaroundasingularfocusimprovewritingflowandreadability.4.____20____Revisitingwritingwithfresheyesmakesflawsinflowandtransitionsmorenoticeable.Letyourdraftsrestforadayortwotopreventgettingstuckreworkingthesamepassagerepeatedly.Approachingwritinganewallowsyoutoevaluateflowandsmoothoutimperfectionswithdistanceandobjectivity.A.Don’tleaveouttherevisingprocess.B.Letcompleteddraftsrestbeforeediting.C.Thekeyistomixsentencelengthstocreatefluidvariety.D.Placethematthebeginningofasentenceorbetweenindependentclauses.E.Flowingwritingmaintainsthecontinuityofideasandtransitionslogically.F.Eachparagraphshouldhaveacontrollingidearelatingtoyouroveralltheme.G.Asawriter,itisyourresponsibilitytopresentyourreaderswithacentralidea.【答案】16.E17.C18.D19.F20.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是如何讓你的寫作流暢。【16題詳解】空后“Ontheotherhand,choppy(不連貫的)writinglackingflowdisruptsthereadingexperience.(另一方面，不連貫的寫作會破壞閱讀體驗(yàn))”說明了不連貫的寫作會破壞閱讀體驗(yàn)，由“Ontheotherhand”可知，空格處應(yīng)該說連貫的寫作會帶來什么好處，E選項(xiàng)“Flowingwritingmaintainsthecontinuityofideasandtransitionslogically.(流暢的寫作保持了思想的連續(xù)性和邏輯上的過渡)”說明了連貫的寫作的好處，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選E?！?7題詳解】空后“Varyingsentencestructurekeepsreadersengagedandcreatesnaturalmovementfromoneideatothenext.(不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu)能讓讀者保持專注，并使從一個觀點(diǎn)到下一個觀點(diǎn)形成自然的過渡)”說明了不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu)的好處，空格處應(yīng)該引出要用不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，C選項(xiàng)“Thekeyistomixsentencelengthstocreatefluidvariety.(關(guān)鍵是要混合句子長度，以創(chuàng)造流暢的變化)”說明了要混合句子的長度，也就是用不同的句子結(jié)構(gòu)，因此引起下文，符合語境，故選C?！?8題詳解】空前“Usetransitionslike“however,”“therefore,”“similarly,”and“incontrast”togluesentencesandparagraphstogethersmoothly.(使用“however”、“therefore”、“similar”和“incontrast”這樣的過渡詞，將句子和段落流暢地粘合在一起)”說明要用過渡詞，空格處應(yīng)該說該怎么用，把它們放在哪里，D選項(xiàng)“Placethematthebeginningofasentenceorbetweenindependentclauses.(把它們放在句子的開頭或獨(dú)立分句之間)”說明了要把過渡詞放在什么位置，因此承接上文，符合語境，故選D?！?9題詳解】本段小標(biāo)題是“Structureparagraphsaroundacentralidea.(圍繞中心思想組織段落)”，說明本段主要講的是每一段都要有一個中心思想，空格處也是關(guān)于中心思想的，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Eachparagraphshouldhaveacontrollingidearelatingtoyouroveralltheme.(每一段都應(yīng)該有一個與你的整體主題相關(guān)的控制思想)”說明了每一段都要有中心思想，符合本段語境，故選F?！?0題詳解】空格處是本段小標(biāo)題，由空后的“Letyourdraftsrestforadayortwotopreventgettingstuckreworkingthesamepassagerepeatedly.(讓你的草稿休息一兩天，以防止反復(fù)修改相同的段落)”可知，本段主要講的是要讓草稿休息一兩天，B選項(xiàng)“Letcompleteddraftsrestbeforeediting.(在編輯之前讓完成的草稿休息一下)”說明了要讓草稿休息一下，因此概括了本段內(nèi)容，可作為小標(biāo)題，故選B。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ItwaslateNovember.Mostoftheleaveshadfallenoffthetrees,leavingonly____21____brancheswavinginthesurroundingmountains.Theskywasgraywithclouds____22____downacold,bone-chillingrain.Mymood____23____theday.TheolderIgot,thelessitseemedIlikedthewintermonths.WhenIwasaboy,theymeantplayinginthesnow,makingsnowmen,havingsnowballfights,andthencurlingupwithmydogbythe____24____andreadingmyfavoritebooks.Butnowtheyjustmeantwatchingthedaysget____25____drivingondarkroads,andfeelingthecoldwind____26____myfacelikeaslap.Isighedandlaydownonmybed.Afeelingof____27____settledovermyspiritandIwishedIcouldgetunderthecoversandsleepuntilspring.Justthenmylittledog____28____ontomybedandlookedatmewithherbig,weteyes.Shelookedsosadand____29____thatIlaughedandpettedher.I_____30_____sheoftenmirroredmymoods.Ismiledandcontinuedtopetherhead_____31_____shetoobrokeintoahappysmile.Isnuggledup(依偎)withher,lookinguptothegraysky.Thelittledog_____32_____methatinlifethewholeworldaroundusisourmirror.Wecaneitherbea_____33_____oflightorashadowofdarkness.Wecaneithergivetheworldourkindnessorour_____34_____.Mylittlepupshowedmeonceagainthatlifeis_____35_____whatwemakeitandthatwecanreflectourwarmth,love,andlighteveninwinter’sdarkestdays.21.A.rough B.bare C.dead D.thick22.A.throwing B.going C.falling D.breaking23.A.influenced B.attacked C.matched D.lifted24.A.wall B.river C.snow D.stove25.A.warmer B.longer C.shorter D.colder26.A.over B.againstC.beneathD.towards27.A.happiness B.panic C.curiosity D.depression28.A.jumpedup B.heldup C.tookup D.liftedup29.A.exhausted B.doubtful C.disappointed D.miserable30.A.disapproved B.challenged C.complained D.acknowledged31.A.while B.unless C.until D.after32.A.reminded B.persuaded C.warned D.stimulated33.A.temperature B.reflection C.recovery D.shape34.A.hope B.mood C.anger D.joy35.A.rarely B.possibly C.partially D.truly【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.C26.B27.D28.A29.D30.D31.C32.A33.B34.C35.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章主要通過自己和狗狗的在一個冬天的經(jīng)歷，體會到生活真的是我們自己創(chuàng)造的，即使在冬天最黑暗的日子里，我們也能反映出我們的快樂、愛和光明。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：樹上的葉子大多落了，只剩下光禿禿的樹枝在周圍的群山中搖曳。A.rough粗糙的；B.bare光禿禿的；C.dead死的；D.thick厚的。根據(jù)上文“Mostoftheleaveshadfallenoffthetrees”可知，葉子都掉落了，所以是光禿禿的。故選B項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：天空灰蒙蒙的，烏云密布，下著刺骨的冷雨。A.throwing投；B.going去；C.falling降落；D.breaking打破，折斷。根據(jù)下文“downacold,bone-chillingrain”可知，下著刺骨的冷雨。固定搭配throwdownrain“下雨”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我的心情與天氣相符。A.influenced影響；B.attacked襲擊；C.matched匹配；D.lifted提起，舉起。根據(jù)下文“Isighedandlaydownonmybed.AfeelingofsettledovermyspiritandIwishedIcouldgetunderthecoversandsleepuntilspring.”可知，作者的心情與陰沉的天氣相符。故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我還是個小男孩的時候，它們意味著在雪地里玩耍，堆雪人，打雪仗，然后和我的狗蜷縮在火爐旁，讀我最喜歡的書。A.wall墻；B.river河流；C.snow雪；D.stove爐子。根據(jù)下文“readingmyfavoritebooks.”可知，是在溫暖的爐火旁，享受著讀書的快樂。故選D項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但現(xiàn)在，它們只意味著看著白天越來越短，在黑暗的道路上開車，感覺冷風(fēng)打在我的臉上，就像打了我一巴掌。A.warmer溫暖的；B.longer較長的；C.shorter較短的；D.colder較冷的。根據(jù)下文“ondarkroads”可知，白天越來越短。故選C項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：但現(xiàn)在，它們只意味著看著白天越來越短，在黑暗的道路上開車，感覺冷風(fēng)打在我的臉上，就像打了我一巴掌。A.over懸在……上面；B.against迎著；C.beneath在……下方；D.towards朝向。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)ikeaslap”可知，冷風(fēng)打在作者的臉上。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一種沮喪的感覺籠罩著我的精神，我希望我能鉆進(jìn)被窩，睡到春天。A.happiness快樂；B.panic恐慌；C.curiosity好奇；D.depression沮喪。根據(jù)上文“Isighedandlaydownonmybed”可知，作者是沮喪的。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我的小狗跳上我的床，用她濕漉漉的大眼睛看著我。A.jumpedup跳起來；B.heldup支撐；C.tookup從事；D.liftedup提升。根據(jù)下文“ontomybedandlookedatmewithherbig,weteyes”可知，小狗跳上床。故選A項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她看起來那么悲傷和痛苦，我笑著撫摸著她。A.exhausted筋疲力盡的；B.doubtful懷疑的；C.disappointed失望的；D.miserable痛苦的。根據(jù)上文“sosad”可知，看起來那么悲傷和痛苦。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我承認(rèn)她經(jīng)常反映我的心情。A.disapproved不同意；B.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；C.complained抱怨；D.acknowledged承認(rèn)。根據(jù)下文“sheoftenmirroredmymoods.”可知，這是作者承認(rèn)的內(nèi)容。故選D項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】考查連接詞詞義辨析。句意：我笑了笑，繼續(xù)撫摸著她的頭，直到她也露出幸福的笑容。A.while然而；B.unless除非；C.until直到；D.after之后。根據(jù)句意可知，本句為until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。故選C項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：小狗提醒我，在生活中，我們周圍的整個世界都是我們的鏡子。A.reminded提醒；B.persuaded說服；C.warned警告；D.stimulated刺激。根據(jù)上文“sheoftenmirroredmymoods.”可知，小狗在提醒作者，周圍的整個世界都是我們的鏡子。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們既可以成為光明的反射，也可以成為黑暗的陰影。A.temperature溫度；B.reflection反射；C.recovery恢復(fù)；D.shape形狀。根據(jù)常識及下文“oflightorashadowofdarkness”可知，光具有反射性，這里指我們可以是光明的反射，即傳遞光明和正能量。故選B項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們可以給世界善意，也可以給世界憤怒。A.hope希望；B.mood心情；C.anger憤怒；D.joy快樂。根據(jù)上文“kindness”可知，與善意相對的是憤怒。故選C項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】考