河南省部分名校2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省部分名校2024-2025學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第一次聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWantedSomeoneforaKissWe’relookingforproducerstojoinusinthesecondofLondon100FM.You’llworkonthestation’smusicprogrammes.Musicproductionexperienceinradioisnecessary,alongwithrichknowledgeofmoderndancemusic.PleaseapplyinwritingtoProducerVacancies,Kiss100.FatherChristmasWe’relookingforaveryspecialpersonpreferablyover40,tofillourFatherChristmassuit.Workingdays:EverySaturdayfromNovember24toDecember15andeverydayfromDecember17toDecember24exceptSunday,10:30—16:00.Excellentpay.PleasecontacttheEnterpriseShoppingCenter,StationParade,Eastbourne.AccountantsAssistantWhenyoujointheteaminourRevenueAdministrationUnit,youwillbeprovidingassistancewithinallpartsoftheRevenueDivision,dealingwithpostandothergeneralduties.IfyouareeducatedtoGCSEgradeClevel,wewouldliketotalktoyou.Thispositionisequallysuitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.WealdenDistrictCouncilSoftwareTrainerIfyouareaged24-45andhaveexperienceinteachingandtraining,youcouldbethepersonwearelookingfor.Youshouldbegoodatthecomputerandhavesomeexperienceinprogrammewriting.Youwillbeallowedtomakeourdecision,andtodesigncoursesaswellaspresentthem.Payupwardsof

￡15,000fortherightperson.PleaseapplybysendingyourCVtoMrs.R.Oglivie,PalmlaceLimited.1.Whoshouldyougetintouchwithifyouhopetoworkinaradiostation?A.ProducerVacancies,Kiss100. B.Mrs.ROglivie,PalmlaceLimited.C.TheEnterpriseShoppingCentre D.WealdenDistrictCouncil.2.Whichpositionisopentorecentschoolgraduates?A.Producer,LondonKiss. B.FatherChristmas.C.AccountantsAssistant D.SoftwareTrainer3.WhatkindofpersonwouldprobablyapplytoPalmlaceLimited?A.OnewithGCSEgradeClevel. B.Onewithsomeofficeexperience.C.Onehavingagoodcomputerknowledge D.Onetrainedinproducingmusicprogrammes.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章是一則招聘啟事，介紹了四份工作的情況，包括其工作內(nèi)容、要求以及聯(lián)系方式等信息?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SomeoneforaKiss部分中“You’llworkonthestation’smusicprogrammes.；PleaseapplyinwritingtoProducerVacancies,Kiss100.(你將為該電臺(tái)的音樂(lè)節(jié)目工作；請(qǐng)以書(shū)面形式向ProducerVacancies,Kiss100提出申請(qǐng))”可知，如果你想在電臺(tái)工作，你應(yīng)該聯(lián)系ProducerVacancies,Kiss100。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AccountantsAssistant部分中“Thispositionisequallysuitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.(這個(gè)職位同樣適合離校學(xué)生或有辦公經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人)”可知，會(huì)計(jì)師助理這個(gè)職位對(duì)應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生開(kāi)放。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SoftwareTrainer部分中“Youshouldbegoodatthecomputerandhavesomeexperienceinprogrammewriting.；PleaseapplybysendingyourCVtoMrsR.Oglivie,PalmlaceLimited.(你應(yīng)該擅長(zhǎng)計(jì)算機(jī)，并且在程序編寫(xiě)方面有一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)；有意者請(qǐng)將簡(jiǎn)歷寄至PalmlaceLimited公司R.Oglivie女士處)”可知，有良好的計(jì)算機(jī)知識(shí)的人可能會(huì)申請(qǐng)PalmaceLimited公司。故選C。BWhilesmallmaybebeautiful,tallisjustplainuncomfortableitseems,particularlywhenitcomestostayinginhotelsandeatinginrestaurants.TheTallPersonsClubGreatBritain(TPCGB),whichwasformedsixmonthsagotocampaignfortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohotelsandrestaurants.Bedsthataretoosmall,showerheadsthataretoolow,andrestauranttableswithhardlyanyleg-roomallmakelifedifficultforthoseofaboveaverageheight,itsays.Butitisnotjusttheextra-tallwhoseneedsarenotbeingmet.Theaverageheightofthepopulationhasbeenincreasingyetthestandardsizeofbeds,doorways,andchairshasremainedunchanged.“Thebeddingindustrysaysabedshouldbesixincheslargerthanthepersonusingit,soevenaking-sizebedat6′6″(6feetand6inches)isfallingshortfor25%ofmen,whilethestandard6′3″bedcatersforlessthanhalfofthemalepopulation.”SaidTPCGBpresidentPhilHeinricy,“seven-footbedswouldworkfine.”Similarly,restauranttablescancausenoendofproblems.Smalltables,whichmeanthelong-leggedhavetositafootorsoawayfromthem,areenoughtomaketallcustomersgoelsewhere.Somehavealreadytakennote,however.AtQueensMoatHouses′CaledomanHotelinEdinburgh,6′6″bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbedsfromtallervisitors,particularlyAmericans.4.WhatisthepurposeoftheTPCGBcampaign?A.Toprovidebetterservices.B.Torebuildhotelsandrestaurants.C.Todrawpublicattentiontotheneedsofthetall.D.Toattractmorepeopletobecomeitsmembers.5.WhichofthefollowingmightbeabedofproperlengthaccordingtoPhilHeinricy?A.7′2″. B.7′ C.6′6″ D.6′3″6.Whatmayhappentorestaurantswithsmalltables?A.Theymaylosesomecustomers.B.Theymaystartbusinesseselsewhere.C.Theyhavetofindeasychairstomatchthetables.D.Theyhavetoprovideenoughspaceforthelong-legged.7.WhatchangehasalreadybeenmadeinahotelinEdinburgh?A.Tallpeoplepaymoreforlargerbeds.B.6′6″bedshavetakentheplaceof6′3″beds.C.SpecialroomsarekeptforAmericans.D.Guestroomsarestandardized.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述一個(gè)英國(guó)的高個(gè)子組織TPCGP在六個(gè)月以前向賓館和酒店發(fā)起的針對(duì)高個(gè)子的一些特殊需求的活動(dòng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句話TheTallPersonsClubGreatBritain(TPCGB),whichwasformedsixmonthsagotocampaignfortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohotelsandrestaurants.可知，這次活動(dòng)的目的是引起公眾對(duì)高個(gè)子的人的需要的關(guān)注。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句中的“Seven--footbedswouldworkfine.”可知，床鋪的合適長(zhǎng)度是7英尺。選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段可知，餐桌太小會(huì)使高個(gè)子的人們到別的地方去（吃飯），也就是說(shuō)，餐桌太小的飯店會(huì)失去一些客人。選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段的句子：AtQueensMoatHouses′CaledomanHotelinEdinburgh,6′6″bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbedsfromtallervisitors,particularlyAmericans.可知，愛(ài)丁堡的一家賓館已經(jīng)使用6英尺6英寸的床鋪?zhàn)鳛闃?biāo)準(zhǔn)床鋪，故選B項(xiàng)。CCandogsandcatsliveinperfectharmonyinthesamehome?Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatsareworriedthattheywillfight.Arecentresearchhasfoundanewrecipeofsuccess.Accordingtothestudy,ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog,andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung(lessthan6monthsforcats,ayearfordogs),itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Two-thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.However,itwasn’tallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomes,whileaggressionandfightingwereobservedin10%ofthehomes.Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalswerejustopposite.Forexample,whenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsaggression,whileadogdoingthesamesignalssubmission.Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefully,researchersobservedasurprisingbehaviour.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother’slanguage.Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalk‘dog’,anddogscanlearnhowtotalk‘Cat’.What’sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtodeveloptheirintelligence.Theycanlearnhowtoreadeachother’sbodysignals,suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwepreviouslysuspected.Oncefamiliarwitheachother’spresenceandbodylanguage,catsanddogscanplaytogether,greeteachothernosetonose,andenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofa.Theycaneasilysharethesamewaterbowlandinsomecasesgroom(梳理)eachother.Thesignificanceoftheresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyondpets─topeoplewhodon’tgetalong,includingneighbors,colleaguesatwork,andevenworldsuperpowers.Ifcatsanddogscanlearntogetalong,surelypeoplehaveagoodchance.8.Theunderlinedword“swimmingly”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.early B.sweetly C.quickly D.smoothly9.Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen______.A.theyarecoldtoeachother B.theylookawayfromeachotherC.theymisunderstoodeachother’ssignals D.theyareintroducedatanearlyage10.Whatisfoundsurprisingaboutcatsanddogs?A.Theyeatandsleepeachother.B.Theyobserveeachother’sbehaviors.C.Theylearntospeakeachother’slanguage.D.Theyknowsomethingfromeachother’svoices.11.ItissuggestedinParagraph4thatcatsanddogs______.A.havecommoninterests B.arelessdifferentthanwasthoughtC.haveacommonbodylanguage D.arelessintelligentthanwasexpected【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。敘述了貓和狗之間可以和諧相處的原因，告訴我們這兩種動(dòng)物之間有比我們之前認(rèn)為得更多的共同之處，引申到人與人之間也一定可以和諧相處?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“However,itwasn’tallsweetnessandlight.(然而，這并不都是甜蜜和光明。)和第一段最后一句(Two-thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.(三分之二的受訪家庭表示他們的貓和狗之間存在積極的關(guān)系。)”可知，然而，貓和狗的關(guān)系也不總是甜蜜的。說(shuō)明第一段中敘述的貓和狗的關(guān)系是很親密的。因此推斷的swimmingly與B項(xiàng)“甜蜜地”意思相近。故選B。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第三句“Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalswerejustopposite.(其中一個(gè)原因可能是他們的一些身體信號(hào)正好相反。)”可知，貓和狗之間的打斗很大一部分的原因是它們誤解了對(duì)方的肢體信號(hào)。故選C?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段前兩句“Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefully,researchersobservedasurprisingbehaviour.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother’slanguage.Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalk‘dog’,anddogscanlearnhowtotalk‘Cat’.(在有貓和狗和平生活的家庭中，研究人員觀察到一種令人驚訝的行為。它們正在學(xué)習(xí)如何說(shuō)彼此的語(yǔ)言。令人驚訝的是，貓會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)如何說(shuō)“狗”話，而狗會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)如何說(shuō)“貓”話。)”可知，令人驚訝的事情是貓和狗會(huì)學(xué)會(huì)使用對(duì)方的語(yǔ)言。故選C。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Theycanlearnhowtoreadeachother’sbodysignals,suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwepreviouslysuspected.(這兩種動(dòng)物能夠?qū)W會(huì)如何理解對(duì)方的身體語(yǔ)言，說(shuō)明這兩種動(dòng)物要比我們之前認(rèn)為的有更多的相同之處)”可知，貓和狗的不同之處比我們之前認(rèn)為的要少。故選B。DWhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheinternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthewashingmachine?Whydoesitmatterthatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeople’sopinions.However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbytheinternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso“yesterday”thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin“post-industrialsociety”hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造業(yè)),withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeinternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedtheinternationalcommunitytoworryaboutthe“digitaldivide”betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.Thishasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandinternetfacilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople’slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupinternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina“borderlessworld”.Asaresult,inthelasttwentyyearsorso,manypeoplehavecometobelievethatwhateverchangeishappeningtodayistheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress,goingagainstwhichwillbeliketryingtoturntheclockback.Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies,bothatthenationalandtheinternationallevels,andformakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.However,ourfascinationwiththelatest,andourundervaluationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon,can,andhas,ledusinallsortsofwrongdirections.12.Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto________.A.alackofconfidenceintechnologyB.aslowprogressintechnologyC.aconflictofpublicopinionsD.awasteoflimitedresources13.TheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould________.A.takepeople’sessentialneedsintoaccountB.maketheirprogrammesattractivetopeopleC.ensurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupportD.providemoreaffordableinternetfacilities14.Whathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?A.Neglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.B.Believingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.C.Ignoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.D.Over-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Peopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.B.Traditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.C.Makingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.D.Economicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇議論文。文章講述了對(duì)信息技術(shù)的過(guò)分迷戀會(huì)對(duì)國(guó)家，對(duì)個(gè)人，對(duì)慈善事業(yè)造成不利的影響?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.可知，對(duì)信息技術(shù)的錯(cuò)誤判斷會(huì)導(dǎo)致有限資源的錯(cuò)誤使用，也就是資源的浪費(fèi)，故選D?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople’slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupinternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.可知，與其給那些貧困地區(qū)孩子筆記本電腦或者建網(wǎng)絡(luò)中心，還不如給錢打井，鋪電網(wǎng)或者生產(chǎn)他們買得起的洗衣機(jī)，這些東西更能改善他們的生活。作者不是說(shuō)這些東西一定更重要，但是很多捐贈(zèng)者沒(méi)有仔細(xì)考慮捐贈(zèng)的東西的長(zhǎng)期成本，因此作者建議捐贈(zèng)者要考慮接受捐贈(zèng)的人的實(shí)際情況，而不是一味地追求信息化，故選A?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知，對(duì)新東西的迷戀讓人們認(rèn)為如今通訊技術(shù)和交通的變革讓我們生活在一個(gè)無(wú)國(guó)界的世界，正是認(rèn)為我們生活在這樣一個(gè)世界，很多政府取消了關(guān)于跨國(guó)界的資本、勞動(dòng)力以及商品流動(dòng)的法律法規(guī)，故選B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"yesterday"thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin"post-industrialsociety"hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造業(yè))withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.可知，對(duì)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)呈現(xiàn)的通訊技術(shù)變革的迷戀讓很多富裕國(guó)家做出一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤的結(jié)論，他們認(rèn)為制造產(chǎn)品已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了，他們應(yīng)該靠創(chuàng)意生活，因而忽略了制造業(yè)，從而對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)造成不利影響，故推知傳統(tǒng)的技術(shù)依然有它的地位，新興的信息技術(shù)不能取代它們，故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Muchoftheworkintoday’sworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.___16___Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent?___17___Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.Theresultsaremixed.Forfootballandbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent;abovethatlevel,theteam’sperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly,thistrendisn’tevidentinbaseball,whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteam’sperformance.Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstocoordinate(協(xié)調(diào))theiractions.___18___Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh,teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent,whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperformancewhentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris,forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hemaytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam’sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold,“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”___19___Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasinagameoftug-of-war(拔河比賽),wheneverapersonisadded,everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.___20___AnA-teammayrequireabalance--notjustAplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.A.It’snotasimplemattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.B.Sportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalent.C.Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchers’attention.D.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.F.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.D20.F【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。文章主要講了建立一支最佳陣容球隊(duì)比簡(jiǎn)單地雇傭最優(yōu)秀的人才要復(fù)雜得多。一支一流球隊(duì)可能需要一種平衡——不僅僅是最好球員，也需要一些有雅量的普通球員?！?6題詳解】上文說(shuō)“大多數(shù)人相信建立一個(gè)偉大團(tuán)隊(duì)的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天賦的個(gè)人”。下文說(shuō)“公司花費(fèi)數(shù)百萬(wàn)雇傭頂級(jí)商業(yè)人士?！痹摽粘猩蠁⑾?，也是在舉例，B選項(xiàng)“運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)老板花費(fèi)數(shù)百萬(wàn)美元吸引頂尖人才?！鼻蓄}，故選B?！?7題詳解】下文說(shuō)“他們專注于足球、籃球和棒球。結(jié)果有好有壞?！边@些都屬于體育方面，該空引出下文，E選項(xiàng)“最近的幾項(xiàng)研究調(diào)查了體育世界中人才的作用?！鼻蓄}，故選E?！?8題詳解】上文說(shuō)“為了解釋這一現(xiàn)象，研究人員探索了一場(chǎng)好的表現(xiàn)要求隊(duì)員們協(xié)調(diào)他們行動(dòng)的程度”，下文說(shuō)明了研究結(jié)果，該空承上啟下，G選項(xiàng)“這項(xiàng)任務(wù)的相互依賴性使棒球區(qū)別于足球和籃球?！鼻蓄}，故選G。【19題詳解】上文說(shuō)了“一個(gè)球星為了個(gè)人得分，而影響團(tuán)隊(duì)的表現(xiàn)”，該空承接上文，D選項(xiàng)“球星顯然沒(méi)有遵守運(yùn)動(dòng)員精神的基本原則”切題，故選D。【20題詳解】下文說(shuō)“一支一流球隊(duì)可能需要一種平衡——不僅僅是最好球員，也需要一些有雅量的普通球員。”該空引出下文，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“建立一支最佳陣容球隊(duì)比簡(jiǎn)單地雇傭最優(yōu)秀的人才要復(fù)雜得多?！鼻蓄}，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Howlongcanhumanbeingslive?Mostscientistswhostudyoldagethinkthatthehumanbodyis

___21___

tolivenolongerthan120years.However,110yearsisprobablythelongestthatanyonecouldhopetolive—ifheorsheis

___22___

healthyandlucky.Somescientistsevensaywecanliveaslongas130years!Yet,ourcellssimplycannotcontinuetoreproduce

___23___.Theywearout,andasaresult,wegetoldand

___24___

die.Eventhoughwecan’tliveforever,wearelivinga

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lifethaneverbefore.In1900,theaverageAmericanlifespan(壽命)wasonly47years,buttodayitis75years!Whendoesoldagebeginthen?Sixty-fivemaybeout-of-dateasthe

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linebetweenmiddleageandoldage.Afterall,manyolderpeopledon’tbegintoexperiencephysicalandmental

___27___

untilafterage75.Peoplearelivinglongerbecausemorepeople

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childhood.Beforemodernmedicinechangedthelawsofnature,manychildrendiedofcommonchildhood

___29___.Nowthatthechancesofdying

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aremuchlower,thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigherduetobetterdietsandhealthcare.Onthewhole,ourpopulationisgettingolder.The

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inourpopulationwillhavelastingeffectsonoursocialdevelopmentandourwayoflife.Somepeoplefearsuchchangeswillbefortheworse,whilesomesee

___32___,notdisaster.Today,manymenandwomenintheir"goldenyears"arehealthy,stillactive,andyoungin

___33___

ifnotinage.Asoursocietygrowsold,weneedthe

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ofouroldercitizens.Withlonglivesaheadofthem,theyneedto

___35___

activeandbedevoted.21.A.designed B.selected C.improved D.discovered22.A.completely B.generally C.apparently D.extremely23.A.rapidly B.harmlessly C.endlessly D.separately24.A.eventually B.hopelessly C.automatically D.desperately25.A.busier B.longer C.richer D.happier26.A.finishing B.guiding C.waiting D.dividing27.A.stress B.damage C.decline D.failure28.A.survive B.enjoy C.remember D.value29.A.problems B.fears C.worries D.diseases30.A.poor B.young C.sick D.quiet31.A.changes B.recovery C.safety D.increases32.A.dreams B.chances C.strengthsD.choices33.A.mind B.appearance C.voice D.movement34.A.protection B.suggestions C.contributions D.permission35.A.sound B.appear C.turn D.stay【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.C28.A29.D30.B31.A32.B33.A34.C35.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是說(shuō)明文。這篇短文講述的是人的壽命是有限的，但是隨著社會(huì)的發(fā)展，生活水平的提高，人們的壽命比以前更長(zhǎng)了，而且老齡化已經(jīng)成為了社會(huì)的一個(gè)趨勢(shì)。我們的社會(huì)需要這些老年人們繼續(xù)保持積極的心態(tài)，為社會(huì)做貢獻(xiàn)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：大多數(shù)研究年齡的科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為人體被設(shè)計(jì)的不會(huì)活過(guò)120歲。designed設(shè)計(jì)；selected選擇，挑選；improved提高，改善；discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)livenolongerthan120years可知，人類最多不會(huì)活過(guò)120歲，科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為人體的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)決定的，bedesignedtodo被設(shè)計(jì)，故應(yīng)選A?！?2題詳解】考查副詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：然而110歲可能是人們希望能活的最長(zhǎng)的壽命-如果他非常的健康和幸運(yùn)。completely完全地；generally一般地；apparently顯然地；extremely極其，非常。根據(jù)thelongestthatanyonecouldhopetolive可知，如果一個(gè)人非常的健康而且很幸運(yùn)，人們希望能活到110歲。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查副詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：然而我們的細(xì)胞不會(huì)一直無(wú)止境的再生。rapidly快速地；harmlessly無(wú)害地；endlessly無(wú)止境的；separately分離地，分開(kāi)地。根據(jù)Theywearout,andasaresult可知，因?yàn)槿梭w的細(xì)胞會(huì)耗盡，不會(huì)無(wú)止境的再生。因此應(yīng)選C?！?4題詳解】考查副詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：他們（細(xì)胞）慢慢消耗盡，結(jié)果我們就會(huì)變老最終死亡。eventually最終；hopelessly沒(méi)有希望地；automatically自動(dòng)地；desperately絕望地，自暴自棄地。根據(jù)Theywearout,andasaresult,wegetold可知，這里在說(shuō)人的生長(zhǎng)過(guò)程。選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：盡管我們不能永久的活著，我們的壽命比以前是更長(zhǎng)了。busier更忙的；longer更長(zhǎng)的；richer更富有的；happier更開(kāi)心的。根據(jù)thaneverbefore可知，現(xiàn)在人的壽命比以前更長(zhǎng)了。故選B。【26題詳解】考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：作為中年和老年的分界線，65歲可能已經(jīng)過(guò)時(shí)了。finishing完成；guiding指導(dǎo)，指引；waiting等待；dividing劃分。根據(jù)Sixty-fivemaybeout-of-date可知，把65歲當(dāng)作中年和老年的分界線，這已經(jīng)不適合現(xiàn)在的形勢(shì)了。dividingline分界線，故選D?！?7題詳解】考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：畢竟，很多老年人直到75歲之后才開(kāi)始經(jīng)歷身體和精神的衰落。stress壓力，壓迫；damage損壞；decline衰落，衰弱；failure失敗。根據(jù)untilafterage75可知，把65歲當(dāng)作中年和老年的分界線，現(xiàn)在很多老年人是在75歲之后身體和精神才開(kāi)始衰弱的，故選C?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：現(xiàn)在人們活得更長(zhǎng)因?yàn)楦嗟娜藦耐曛行掖嫦聛?lái)。survive幸存；enjoy喜歡，欣賞；remember記得；value價(jià)值，估價(jià)。根據(jù)這一段的內(nèi)容和thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigherduetoabetterdietsandhealthcare可知，現(xiàn)在的人平均壽命比以前更長(zhǎng)的一個(gè)原因是人們從童年的疾病中幸存了下來(lái)，故選A?！?9題詳解】考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：在現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)改變了自然的法則之前，很多孩子死于常見(jiàn)的兒童疾病。problems問(wèn)題；fears恐懼，害怕；worries擔(dān)心；diseases疾病。根據(jù)Beforemodernmedicinechangedthelawsofnature,可知，由于以前沒(méi)有現(xiàn)代藥物，當(dāng)時(shí)很多普遍的兒童因?yàn)榧膊《?，所以?dǎo)致平均壽命比較低。故選D。【30題詳解】考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：既然年少夭折的可能性更低了，那么活得更長(zhǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)就更高了，因?yàn)橛辛烁玫娘嬍澈歪t(yī)學(xué)護(hù)理。poor窮的；young年輕的；sick病的；quiet安靜的。根據(jù)thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigher可知，以前人們?cè)谛〉臅r(shí)候就因?yàn)樯∷廊チ?，現(xiàn)在少年死去的幾率低了，dyingyoung就是年少死去。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：人口結(jié)構(gòu)的改變會(huì)對(duì)我們社會(huì)的發(fā)展和我們的生活方式有持續(xù)的影響。changes改變；recovery恢復(fù)；safety安全；increases增長(zhǎng)，增加。根據(jù)下文中Somepeoplefearsuchchangeswill…可知，我們現(xiàn)在的人口結(jié)構(gòu)改變了，故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：一些人擔(dān)心這個(gè)改變將會(huì)帶來(lái)一些壞處，然而還有一些人看到的是機(jī)會(huì)，而不是災(zāi)難。dreams夢(mèng)想；chances機(jī)會(huì)；strengths力量；choices選擇。根據(jù)句意可知，這句話中的while表示對(duì)比，即跟前一種人不一樣的看法，故選B。【33題詳解】考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：現(xiàn)在，很多處在“黃金年齡”的男士和女士，身體都非常健康，仍然積極，心態(tài)也很年輕。mind心態(tài)；appearance外表；voice聲音；movement移動(dòng)。根據(jù)healthy,stillactive,andyoungin___ifnotinage.可知，這里應(yīng)該是說(shuō)雖然年齡老了，但是心態(tài)依然年輕，故選A?！?4題詳解】考查名詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：隨著我們的社會(huì)老齡化，我們需要這些老年公民們的貢獻(xiàn)。protection保護(hù)；suggestions建議；contributions貢獻(xiàn)；permission允許。根據(jù)theyneedto___activeandbedevoted.可知，現(xiàn)在的社會(huì)逐漸老齡化，因此老年人也要繼續(xù)給我們的社會(huì)做貢獻(xiàn)，故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境的理解。句意：前面還有很長(zhǎng)的壽命，他們需要保持積極的心態(tài)和奉獻(xiàn)的精神。sound聽(tīng)起來(lái)；appear好像；出現(xiàn)；turn轉(zhuǎn)，變成；stay保持。根據(jù)Withlonglivesaheadofthem,可知，現(xiàn)在人們的壽命更長(zhǎng)了，因此老年人也要繼續(xù)保持積極心態(tài)，為我們的社會(huì)做貢獻(xiàn)。故應(yīng)選D。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Itdoesn’timpresslikeGeorgeWashington’splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,___36___（prove）irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.Beautifullyrestored（修復(fù)）toits1860appearance,thehousewasAbrahamandMaryLincoln’shomefor17years.In1844theyboughtit___37___$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir___38___（marry）ceremonyin1842.Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch___39___（small）thanitistoday.Mary’sniecewrote,“Thelittlehome___40___（paint）white.”Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof___41___（she）,everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.AlthoughMarylovedflowers，___42___shenorherhusbandwasknownasagardener.Along-timeneighborsaidtheyneverplantedtreesandonlykeptagardenforoneyear.Mary’ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover___43___（plant）flowersinthefrontyard.___44___Lincolnsenlargedthehousetoafulltwo-storyin1856tomeettheneedsoftheirgrowingfamily.ThreeofthefourLincolnsonswerebornhere.AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand____45____（sell）mostoftheirfurniture.【答案】36.hasproved/hasproven37.for38.marriage39.smaller40.waspainted41.herself42.neither43.toplant44.The45.sold【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了美國(guó)總統(tǒng)林肯在伊利諾伊州斯普林菲爾德市中心的老房子的變遷史?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：它不像喬治·華盛頓在波托馬克河畔的種植園那樣給人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利諾伊州斯普林菲爾德市中心的家，自從向公眾開(kāi)放以來(lái)，就被證明對(duì)游客來(lái)說(shuō)是不可抗拒的。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“sinceitopenedtothepublic”可知，此處指過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響，故設(shè)空處用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；主語(yǔ)Lincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfieldIllinois是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以助動(dòng)詞用has，提示詞prove的過(guò)去分詞形式是proved或proven。故填hasproved/hasproven?！?7題詳解】考查介詞。句意：1844年，他們以1200美元的價(jià)格從查爾斯·德萊瑟手中買下了這座房子和一些土地，查爾斯·德萊瑟在1842年舉行了他們的婚禮。結(jié)合句意可知，此處考查固定短語(yǔ)buysth.for+價(jià)格，意為“以……價(jià)格買某物”。故填for?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。句意：1844年，他們以1200美元的價(jià)格從查爾斯·德萊瑟手中買下了這座房子和一些土地，查爾斯·德萊瑟在1842年舉行了他們的婚禮。marriageceremony意為“婚禮”，此處用名詞作定語(yǔ)，故填marriage?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意：這棟房子建成時(shí)比現(xiàn)在小得多。結(jié)合設(shè)空前的much和設(shè)空后的than可知，此處用形容詞比較級(jí)形式，故填smaller?！?0題詳解】考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：這個(gè)小房子被粉刷成了白色。語(yǔ)篇解讀句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，Thelittlehome作主語(yǔ)。結(jié)合句意及常識(shí)可知，房子是“被粉刷”的，主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；根據(jù)上文的wasbuilt可知，此處為一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)；一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)是was/were+過(guò)去分詞；主語(yǔ)Thelittlehome是單數(shù)第三人稱，所以要用was，提示詞paint的過(guò)去分詞形式是painted。故填waspainted?！?1題詳解】考查代詞。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的寫(xiě)照，一切都很有品位，井井有條。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“她自己”，可知此處考查反身代詞，作賓語(yǔ)；提示詞she的反身代詞是herself。故填herself?！?2題詳解】考查連詞。句意：雖然瑪麗喜歡花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的園丁。根據(jù)句意可知，此處考查連詞結(jié)構(gòu)“neither…nor…”，意為“既不……也不……”。故填neither?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：瑪麗的妹妹弗朗西絲·托德·華萊士經(jīng)常來(lái)前院種花。語(yǔ)篇解讀句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處作狀語(yǔ)；根據(jù)句意可知，此處是目的狀語(yǔ)；目的狀語(yǔ)用動(dòng)詞不定式表示，故填toplant。【44題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：林肯夫婦在1856年把房子擴(kuò)大到了整整兩層，以滿足他們?nèi)找嬖鲩L(zhǎng)的家庭的需要。根據(jù)句意可知，此處意為“林肯一家”；根據(jù)設(shè)空后的Lincolns可知，此處考查“the+姓氏復(fù)數(shù)”，表示夫婦倆，或者一家人。設(shè)空處位于句首，所以首字母要大寫(xiě)。故填The?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：1861年林肯當(dāng)選美國(guó)總統(tǒng)后，他們把房子租了出去，賣掉了大部分家具。語(yǔ)篇解讀句子成分可知，設(shè)空處和前面的動(dòng)詞rented一起做并列謂語(yǔ)；根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)1861可知，此處用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，提示詞sell的過(guò)去式是sold。故填sold。第四部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，上周日你班同學(xué)參加了學(xué)校組織的“變廢為寶”系列活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你為校英文報(bào)寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)道，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動(dòng)時(shí)間；2.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；3.你的感受。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【參考范文】Withthepurposeofcallinguponustoturnwasteintowealth,somerelatedactivitieswereheldinourschoollastSunday.Comingupwiththeideaofremodelingtheuseditems,webroughtsomeworn-outclothes,se