江蘇省2022-2023學(xué)年普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1江蘇省2022-2023學(xué)年普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語試卷第一部分選擇題（共兩節(jié)，滿分70分）第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAstrategyisaplanfordoingsomethingwell.Youcanusestrategiesbefore,during,andafterreading.BeforeYouReadLookatthetitle,headings,andphotographsorillustrations.Thinkaboutwhatyoualreadyknowaboutthetopic.GuesswhatthetextwillbeaboutandwhatyoumightlearnfromreadingitSetapurposeforreading.WhileYouReadThinkaboutwhatyouunderstandandwhatyoudonotunderstand.Usethereadingstrategiesbelowtohelpyouunderstandthetext.Usestorystructure(結(jié)構(gòu)):Payattentiontothecharacters,background,andplot(情節(jié))eventstohelpyouunderstandhowastoryisorganizedMakeasummary:Stopforashortwhileasyoureadtofindoutthemostimportantideasinthetext.Askandanswerquestions:Askyourselfquestionsaboutwhatyoudonotunderstandinthetext.Lookforanswerstoquestionsasyouread.Usediagrams:Makediagramsasyoureadtoshowhowimportantideasinthetextareconnected.Checkunderstanding:Whenyoudonotunderstandasectionoftext,useoneofthesestrategiestomaketheinformationclear?Readagain?Changereadingspeed?Readon?Self-correctAfterYouReadTalkwithaclassmateaboutwhichstrategiesyouusedandwhyyouusedthem.1.Whatshouldyoudobeforeyouread?A.Usediagrams. B.Changereadingspeed.C.Talkwithaclassmate. D.Lookatthetitleandheadings.2.Whichofthefollowingcanhelpyouunderstandhowastoryisorganized?A.Usingstorystructure. B.Makingasummary.C.Checkingunderstanding. D.Askingandansweringquestions.3.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Proceduresforquestioning. B.Waysofmakingdiagrams.C.Strategiesforreading. D.Examinationsofunderstanding.4.Whereisthepassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Afilm. B.Atextbook. C.Adictionary. D.Adocument.【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.B【語篇解讀】本文體裁為應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了在閱讀過程中可以使用的策略，包括在閱讀前、閱讀中和閱讀后應(yīng)該做些什么來幫助理解和記憶文本內(nèi)容。這些策略包括觀察標題、標題和插圖，思考已知信息，猜測文本內(nèi)容，設(shè)定閱讀目的，使用故事結(jié)構(gòu)，制作摘要，提問和回答問題，使用圖表，檢查理解等。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由BeforeYouRead部分中的“Lookatthetitle,headings,andphotographsorillustrations.(看題目、標題、照片或插圖。)”可知，在閱讀之前應(yīng)該看題目、標題和照片或插圖。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由WhileYouRead部分中的“Usestorystructure(結(jié)構(gòu)):Payattentiontothecharacters,background,andplot(情節(jié))eventstohelpyouunderstandhowastoryisorganized(使用故事結(jié)構(gòu)：注意人物、背景和情節(jié)事件，幫助你理解故事是如何組織的)”可知，使用故事結(jié)構(gòu)可以幫助你理解故事是如何組織的。故選A?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Astrategyisaplanfordoingsomethingwell.Youcanusestrategiesbefore,during,andafterreading.(策略是做好某件事的計劃。你可以在閱讀前、閱讀中、閱讀后使用策略。)”可知，本文主要介紹在閱讀前、閱讀中和閱讀后都可以使用的閱讀策略。故本文主要談?wù)摰氖情喿x策略。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章第一段“Astrategyisaplanfordoingsomethingwell.Youcanusestrategiesbefore,during,andafterreading.(策略是做好某件事的計劃。你可以在閱讀前、閱讀中、閱讀后使用策略。)”可知，本文主要介紹在閱讀前、閱讀中和閱讀后都可以使用的閱讀策略，而閱讀策略是學(xué)習(xí)過程中常用的方法，因此本文可能來自一本教科書。故選B。BInOctober,2021,threeChineseastronauts,WangYaping,ZhaiZhigangandYeGuangfu,travelledtotheirspacestation.Theystayedthereforsixmonthswhiletheygotreadyfortwonewmodules(艙),WentianandMengtian,tojointhemainmodule,Tianhe.InDecember,theygaveaphysicslessonfromspacetostudentsinHongKong,Beijingandthreeothercities.Throughalivestream(網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播),thepubliccouldalsoenjoythelesson.WangYapinggavetheTiangonglesson,whileZhaiZhigangmadevideos,andYeGuangfuhelpedintheprocess.Excitedstudentsenjoyedthelessonabouttheeffectsofweightlessnessonobjectmovement.Theywerequitecuriousaboutwhatit’sliketoliveinspace.TherewasnodoubtthattheyhadlotsofquestionsspecificallyforastronautWang,whoisfamousasthefirstChinesewomantogoonaspacewalk.ShehadbeforespentseveralhoursoutsidethestationwithZhai,fixingequipmentanddoingtests.Wangsaiditwasagreatjoytoteachchildrenaboutspacewhileshewasthere,referringtothetwolivesciencelecturesshegavein2013and2021.“Myfamilytoldmethatmanynetizens(Internetusers)comparedphotosofmytwolecturesandfoundthatour’spaceclassroom’isnowbigger,thecontentoftheclassismorecolourfulandinteresting,andthatthelivestreamissmootherandpicturesclearer,”shesaid.5.WhatwasWangYaping’s2021Tiangonglessonabout?A.Arts. B.Physics. C.History. D.Travel.6.HowdidstudentsfeelabouttheTiangonglesson?A.Excited. B.Sad. C.Doubtful. D.Bored.7.WhatdidWangandZhaidooutsidethespacestation?A.Madevideos. B.Gaveaphysicslesson.C.Comparedphotosoftwolectures. D.Fixedequipmentanddidtests.8.WhatisoneofthefeaturesofWangYaping’s2021lecture?A.Fewerquestions. B.Unclearerpictures.C.Morecolourfulcontent. D.Smallerspaceclassroom.【答案】5.B6.A7.D8.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報道。短文報道了三名中國宇航員在中國空間站內(nèi)給全國的學(xué)生上了一堂太空物理課?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“InDecember,theygaveaphysicslessonfromspacetostudentsinHongKong,Beijingandthreeothercities.Throughalivestream(網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播),thepubliccouldalsoenjoythelesson.”（去年12月，他們給香港、北京和其他三個城市的學(xué)生上了一堂太空物理課。通過直播，公眾也可以享受這一課。）可知，王亞平2021年的天宮課是關(guān)于物理的。故選B項。【6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Excitedstudentsenjoyedthelessonabouttheeffectsofweightlessnessonobjectmovement.”（興奮的學(xué)生們喜歡上了關(guān)于失重對物體運動影響的課程。）可知，學(xué)生們對天宮課的感受是興奮的。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ShehadbeforespentseveralhoursoutsidethestationwithZhai,fixingequipmentanddoingtests.”（之前，她和翟在空間站外待了幾個小時，修理設(shè)備，做測試。）可知，王和翟在空間站外修理設(shè)備并進行測試。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Myfamilytoldmethatmanynetizens(Internetusers)comparedphotosofmytwolecturesandfoundthatour’spaceclassroom’isnowbigger,thecontentoftheclassismorecolourfulandinteresting,andthatthelivestreamissmootherandpicturesclearer,”shesaid.”（她說:“我的家人告訴我，許多網(wǎng)友比較了我兩次講課的照片，發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的‘太空教室’現(xiàn)在更大了，課堂內(nèi)容更豐富有趣，直播更流暢，圖片更清晰?！保┛芍鮼喥?021年演講的特點之一是內(nèi)容更豐富多彩。故選C項。CDoyouknowhowmanykindsofbreakfastcereal(麥片)thereareinmylocalsupermarket?165kinds!That’sjustoneproduct.Thinkaboutallthevarietiesofbiscuits,yoghourt,andchocolatebars.Wehavesomuchchoicethesedays.It’sunbelievable!Soallthischoicemustbeagoodthing,right?Itmakesushappier,right?Well,notnecessarily.Peopleliketheideaofhavingachoice,andmanypeoplethinkmorechoicemustbeagoodthing.But,infact,toomuchchoicecancauseusproblems.Iftherearetoomanydifferentthingstochoosefrom,wecan’tknowwhattochoose.Ifyouoffermeachoiceofthreecookies,IcandecidequicklywhichoneIwant.Butifyouoffermeachoiceof33cookies,mybraincrashes.Anotherproblemwithtoomuchchoiceisthatwethinktheremustbetheperfectcookiesomewhere.Thefactis,thereisn’t—sowhenwehavespenthalfanhourdecidingwhichcookiewewant,wefeeldissatisfied,becauseit’snotasgoodasexpected.It’snotcookieperfection.Andthenwebegintoregretalltheothercookieswedidn’tchoose,thinkingoneofthemmighthavebeenbetter.Sotherecanbesuchathingastoomuchchoice.Weneedtorecognizethatwhilesomechoiceisgood,toomuchcanleaveusataloss.Weshouldfocusonbeingpleasedwithwhatwechoose.IamgoingtorememberthisnexttimeI’mofferedacookie—chooseoneandenjoyit!9.Whatisthepurposeofparagraph1?A.Tosellaproduct. B.Toexpresssurprise.C.Tointroducethetopic. D.Toansweraquestion.10.Whatproblemcantoomuchchoicecause?A.Difficultyinchoosing. B.Worryabouthealth.C.Acarelessdecision. D.Alossofmemory.11.Theunderlinedpart“It’snotcookieperfection”probablymeans________.A.wecan’tmakegoodcookies B.there’snoperfectchoiceC.wearepleasedwithallcookies D.thecookiedoesn’ttastedelicious12.Howwillthewritersolvetheproblemoftoomuchchoiceaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Recognizetheperfect. B.Makeaquickchoice.C.Ignorewhatisoffered. D.Enjoywhatischosen.【答案】9.C10.A11.B12.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章通過提出超市商品種類繁多這一現(xiàn)象，引發(fā)了對選擇過多可能帶來的問題的討論。作者分析了過多選擇可能導(dǎo)致的難以決策、不滿足感以及后悔等問題，并提出了應(yīng)專注于對所選擇的東西感到滿意的觀點?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。由文章第一段“Doyouknowhowmanykindsofbreakfastcereal(麥片)thereareinmylocalsupermarket?165kinds!That’sjustoneproduct.Thinkaboutallthevarietiesofbiscuits,yoghourt,andchocolatebars.Wehavesomuchchoicethesedays.It’sunbelievable!(你知道我們當(dāng)?shù)氐某欣镉卸嗌俜N早餐麥片嗎？165種！這只是一種產(chǎn)品。想想各種各樣的餅干、酸奶和巧克力棒?，F(xiàn)在我們有太多選擇了。這是難以置信的！)”可知，作者對于現(xiàn)在有這么多的選擇感到驚訝，并通過列舉超市中的麥片種類來引出后文關(guān)于選擇過多的討論。因此，第一段的目的是引入話題。故正確答案為C?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“Iftherearetoomanydifferentthingstochoosefrom,wecan’tknowwhattochoose.(如果有太多不同的東西可供選擇，我們就不知道該選什么。)”可知，過多的選擇會造成的問題是難以選擇。故正確答案為A?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測題。由文章第三段中“Thefactis,thereisn’t

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sowhenwehavespenthalfanhourdecidingwhichcookiewewant,wefeeldissatisfied,becauseit’snotasgoodasexpected.(事實并非如此——所以當(dāng)我們花了半個小時來決定我們想要哪塊餅干時，我們會感到不滿意，因為它沒有預(yù)期的那么好。)”可知，當(dāng)我們花了半個小時決定想要哪種餅干時，我們會感到不滿意，因為它不如預(yù)期的好。因此，“It’snotcookieperfection”的意思是沒有完美的選擇，而不是我們不能做好餅干、我們對所有餅干都很滿意或餅干味道不好。A.wecan’tmakegoodcookies我們做不出好的餅干；B.there’snoperfectchoice沒有完美的選擇；C.wearepleasedwithallcookies我們對所有的餅干都很滿意；D.thecookiedoesn’ttastedelicious餅干味道不好。故正確答案為B。【12題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“Weneedtorecognizethatwhilesomechoiceisgood,toomuchcanleaveusataloss.Weshouldfocusonbeingpleasedwithwhatwechoose.IamgoingtorememberthisnexttimeI’mofferedacookie—chooseoneandenjoyit!(我們需要認識到，雖然有些選擇是好的，但太多的選擇會讓我們不知所措。我們應(yīng)該專注于對我們的選擇感到滿意。下次有人給我餅干的時候，我一定要記住這一點——選一個，享受它！)”可知，作者認為我們應(yīng)該專注于對自己所選擇的東西感到滿意，并在下次被提供餅干時選擇一個并享受它。因此，作者解決選擇過多問題的方法是享受所選擇的，而不是認識到完美、快速做出選擇或忽略所提供的內(nèi)容。故正確答案為D。DYoudrovetenhourstoyouraunt’shouse,andyou’rereadytogetsomesleepintheguestroom.Butthoughyou’resotired,sleepjustdoesn’tcome.Youturnfromsidetosideinbedallnight.Andfinally,whenyoudofallasleep,youwakeupjustanhourlater.It’ssoeasytofallasleepinyourownbed.Sowhycan’tyousleepwellhere?MarthaHotzVitaterna,abrainscientist,knowsallaboutthisproblem.“Insomesleepresearchcircles,thisiscalledthe“firstnighteffect”,shesays.“Peopledonotsleepwellthefirstnight.Thereislessslowbrainwaveactivity,meaningnotasmuchtimeindeepsleep.Inanimalstudies,weseethisphenomenon(現(xiàn)象)aswell.”Thefactthatthishappensinotheranimals,too,makesscientiststhinkthatbadsleepinnewplacesistheresultofaveryoldprocessinsideyourbrain.Itmaydatebacktothetimelongbeforehumansevolved(進化).Whenyou’reinyourownbed,yourbrainknowsit’shomeandyouwillbesafe.Itcanrelaxandfallintoadeep,healthysleep.Butwhenyousleepinanunfamiliarplace,yourbrainstaysslightlyattentivetomakesurenodangersarenearby.Evenfamiliarsoundsstillmakeyouworried.What’sthat?Isitdangerous?Itwakesupthebraintokeepyoureadytoescapeifyouneedto.Butthere’sgoodnews:formostpeople,afterjustoneortwonightsinanewplace,ouranxiousbrainsstarttofeelsafeagain.Andfinallywecanhaveafullnightofsleep.13.Whatisthe“firstnighteffect”?A.Poorsleeponthefirstnight. B.Lessrapidbrainwaveactivity.C.Longdeepsleepallnight. D.Goodhabitofsleeping.14.Fromparagraph3weknowthatbadsleepinnewplaces________.A.bringsdangertohealth B.existsonlyinhumansC.hasbadeffectsonthebrain D.hasaverylonghistory15.Whyisithardertosleepinnewplaces?A.Therearerealdangersnearby. B.Newbedsfeeluncomfortable.C.Peoplefeelunsafeandworried. D.Thebrainstopsworkingnormally.16.What’sgoodnewsformostpeople?A.Brainsnolongerfeelsafe. B.Theywillhaveaquickmind.C.Theycanfinallysleepwell. D.Unfamiliarsoundsdisappear.【答案】13.A14.D15.C16.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，講述了人在新的環(huán)境中無法安然入眠的“第一晚效應(yīng)。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“MarthaHotzVitaterna,abrainscientist,knowsallaboutthisproblem.“Insomesleepresearchcircles,thisiscalledthe“firstnighteffect”,shesays.Peopledonotsleepwellthefirstnight(腦科學(xué)家MarthaHotzVitaterna對這個問題了如指掌。她說，在一些睡眠研究圈子里，這被稱為“第一晚效應(yīng)”。人們在第一個晚上睡不好。)”可知此處的第一晚效應(yīng)指的是一個人到了一個陌生地方以后睡眠不好的問題。故選A項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Thefactthatthishappensinotheranimals,too,makesscientiststhinkthatbadsleepinnewplacesistheresultofaveryoldprocessinsideyourbrain.Itmaydatebacktothetimelongbeforehumansevolved(進化).(這種情況也發(fā)生在其他動物身上，這讓科學(xué)家們認為，新地方的睡眠不好是大腦中一個非常古老的過程的結(jié)果。它可以追溯到人類進化之前很久。)”可知新地方的睡眠不好是大腦中一個非常古老的過程的結(jié)果，它可以追溯到人類進化之前很久，因此有著悠久的歷史。故選D項?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Butwhenyousleepinanunfamiliarplace,yourbrainstaysslightlyattentivetomakesurenodangersarenearby.Evenfamiliarsoundsstillmakeyouworried.What’sthat?Isitdangerous?Itwakesupthebraintokeepyoureadytoescapeifyouneedto.(但是當(dāng)你在一個不熟悉的地方睡覺時，你的大腦會保持輕微的注意力，以確保附近沒有危險。即使是熟悉的聲音也會讓你擔(dān)心。那是什么？危險嗎？它會喚醒大腦，讓你在需要的時候做好逃跑的準備。)”可知人們到了一個新地方以后會感到不安全和擔(dān)心，所以會睡眠不好。故選C項?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Butthere’sgoodnews:formostpeople,afterjustoneortwonightsinanewplace,ouranxiousbrainsstarttofeelsafeagain.Andfinallywecanhaveafullnightofsleep.(但好消息是：對大多數(shù)人來說，在一個新地方呆上一兩個晚上后，我們焦慮的大腦就會再次感到安全。最后我們可以有一個完整的睡眠。)”可知對于大多數(shù)人來說好消息是幾天之后他們最終會有一個很好的睡眠。故選C項。EWiththeincreasingnumberofEverestmountainclimbers,morelitterisleftbehindonthisnaturalwonder.Fortunately,Nepalese(尼泊爾的)officialsareworkingtodealwiththisenvironmentdisaster.MountEveresthasbroughtmuch-neededincometoNepal,butalotofwastehasgatheredasaresult.Climbersneedalotofequipmenttosuccessfullyclimbthemountain.Atypicalteamofclimberscaneasilyuseuphundredsofoxygencontainersandasmanyas15plastictentsandotherequipmentduringtheclimb.Inaddition,thereistheproblemwithhumanwaste.Thishasbeenagrowingproblemandhasputlifeindanger.Thewasteproblemnowspreadsfromthebasecamptotheriverbelow,pollutingthelocalwatersupply.In2014,theNepalesegovernmenttriedtosolvethispollutionproblem,requiringthatclimbersbringback18poundsofrubbishontheirwaydownthemountain.Butthissolutiondidnotworkwell.MountEverestofficialsandthecityofKathmanduputforwardanewproposal.Firstofall,dustbinshavebeenplacedalongthemountainpaths.Inaddition,heavyfineswillbegiventoclimberswhopollutethemountain.Theseclimbersrisklosingtheir$4,000wastedeposit(保證金)ifcaughtthrowingthings.Inthisway,carelessthrowingwillsurelybereduced.Finally,therubbishwillberemovedfromthemountain.Alocalplanecompanyhasagreedtouseitsplanestocarrythewastefromthemountaintothecapitalcity,whereitwillbetreated.Now,withthesenewrulesinplace,themountainshouldseeareturntoitsformerself.17.WhatcausedtheMountEverestenvironmentdisaster?A.Theincreasingnumberofvillagers. B.Litterleftbehindbytheclimbers.C.Nepaleseofficialswhoworkthere. D.Rubbishproducedbynatureitself.18.Whichofthefollowingpollute(s)thelocalwatersupplyaccordingtoparagraph2?A.Humanwaste. B.Plastictents. C.Oxygencontainers. D.Climbingequipment.19.Whatweretheclimbersrequiredtodoin2014?A.Limittheuseofoxygencontainers. B.Usewoodandmetaltoputuptents.C.Avoiddrinkingwaterfromtheriverbelow. D.Take18poundsoflitterdownthemountain.20.Howmanynewrulesareputforwardinthelastparagraph?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.【答案】17.B18.A19.D20.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了隨著珠穆朗瑪峰登山者人數(shù)的增加，山上遺留的垃圾問題日益嚴重，尼泊爾官方正在采取措施應(yīng)對這場環(huán)境災(zāi)難?！?7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“WiththeincreasingnumberofEverestmountainclimbers,morelitterisleftbehindonthisnaturalwonder. Fortunately,Nepalese(尼泊爾的)officialsareworkingtodealwiththisenvironmentdisaster.(隨著珠穆朗瑪峰登山者人數(shù)的增加，這座自然奇觀上留下了更多的垃圾。幸運的是，尼泊爾官員正在努力應(yīng)對這場環(huán)境災(zāi)難)”可知，珠穆朗瑪峰環(huán)境災(zāi)難的原因是登山者留下的垃圾。故選B項?！?8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Inaddition,thereistheproblemwithhumanwaste.Thishasbeenagrowingproblemandhasputlifeindanger.Thewasteproblemnowspreadsfromthebasecamptotheriverbelow,pollutingthelocalwatersupply.(此外，還有人類排泄物的問題。這是一個日益嚴重的問題，已經(jīng)危及生命。排泄物問題現(xiàn)在從大本營蔓延到下面的河流，污染了當(dāng)?shù)氐墓┧?”可知，污染當(dāng)?shù)厮吹氖侨祟惻判刮?。故選A項?！?9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“In2014,theNepalesegovernmenttriedtosolvethispollutionproblem,requiringthatclimbersbringback18poundsofrubbishontheirwaydownthemountain.(2014年，尼泊爾政府試圖解決這一污染問題，要求登山者在下山時帶回18磅的垃圾)”可知，2014年要求登山者下山時帶走18磅的垃圾。故選D項。【20題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Firstofall,dustbinshavebeenplacedalongthemountainpaths.Inaddition,heavyfineswillbegiventoclimberswhopollutethemountain.(首先，沿著山路放置了垃圾桶。此外，對于污染山區(qū)的登山者將處以重罰)”和“Finally,therubbishwillberemovedfromthemountain.(最后，垃圾將被從山上移走)”可知，最后一段提出了三條新規(guī)定：放置垃圾桶、對污染者處以重罰和移除山上的垃圾。故選B項。第二節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。BethanyFirth,nowafamousswimmer,haslearningdifficulty.Butwhenshewasasmallchild,shefellintoaswimmingpool,whichmadeher___21___ofwateranddeterminednevertoswim.ThatwasuntilFirthwenttoaschoolwhereswimminglessonswere___22___.Firthdideverythingshecouldtogetoutofthelessons,likeleavingherswimsuit(泳衣)outofherbag___23___.Eventually,Firthcouldn’tavoid___24___lessonsanylonger-shehadtogetintothewater.___25___,surprisingly,onceshestartedswimming,sheneverlookedback.Shetrainedregularlyandbecamea(n)___26___swimmer.Herhardworkpaidoff.She___27___goldinthe2012LondonParalympics(殘奧會).Afterhersuccess,Firthcontinuedtotrainhard.Shefeltshewas___28___whenitwastimeforthe2016RioParalympics.Firthtookthechanceandreturnedhome___29___afterwinningthreegoldsandasilver.In2017,Firthwas____30____toBuckinghamPalacetoreceiveanhonour(MBE)forher____31____toswimming.“Ifeellikesporthas____32____somanydoorsforme.I’mhappyto____33____mystoryandhelpinspirepeopleto____34____theirdreams.Ialsowanttohelppeoplegetabetterunderstandingofpeoplewith____35____difficulty,”saidFirth.21.A.afraid B.capable C.proud D.short22.A.missed B.funny C.required D.boring23.A.insight B.inturn C.ontime D.onpurpose24.A.jumping B.swimming C.running D.jogging25.A.So B.But C.For D.Or26.A.honest B.average C.strong D.patient27.A.bought B.made C.borrowed D.won28.A.hopeless B.ready C.moved D.weak29.A.successful B.careful C.awful D.painful30.A.attracted B.forced C.pushed D.invited31.A.contributions B.agreements C.introductionsD.responses32.A.closed B.kicked C.opened D.broken33.A.remember B.share C.record D.sell34.A.drop B.steal C.change D.realize35.A.learning B.hearing C.dancing D.smelling【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.B25.B26.C27.D28.B29.A30.D31.A32.C33.B34.D35.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。本文講述了BethanyFirth克服對水的恐懼，從不喜歡游泳到成為奧運冠軍的勵志故事?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是當(dāng)她還是個小孩子的時候，她掉進了一個游泳池，這讓她害怕水，決定永遠不游泳。A.afraid害怕的；B.capable有能力的；C.proud自豪的；D.short短的。根據(jù)下文“determinednevertoswim.”可知，她害怕水，決定永遠不游泳。故選A項。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：直到弗斯上了一所要求學(xué)生上游泳課的學(xué)校。A.missed被錯過的；B.funny有趣的；C.required必需的；D.boring令人厭煩的。根據(jù)下文“Eventually,Firthcouldn’tavoid_____lessons”可知，弗斯上了一所要求學(xué)生上游泳課的學(xué)校。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查介詞短語詞義辨析。句意：費斯想盡一切辦法逃避課程，比如故意把泳衣放在包里。A.insight在視野內(nèi)；B.inturn輪流；C.ontime準時；D.onpurpose故意地。根據(jù)上文“Firthdideverythingshecouldtogetoutofthelessons”可知，她故意把泳衣放在包里。故選D項。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：最終，費斯無法再逃避游泳課了——她不得不下水。A.jumping跳；B.swimming游泳；C.running跑；D.jogging慢跑鍛煉。根據(jù)上文“swimminglessons”可知，費斯無法再逃避游泳課了。故選B項?！?5題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：但令人驚訝的是，一旦她開始游泳，她就再也沒有放棄。A.So所以；B.But但是；C.For因為；D.Or或者。根據(jù)句意可知，前后句為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她定期訓(xùn)練，成為一名強壯的游泳運動員。A.honest誠實的；B.average平均的；C.strong強壯的；D.patient有耐心的。根據(jù)上文“Shetrainedregularly”可知，她成為了一名強壯的游泳運動員。故C。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：她在2012年倫敦殘奧會上獲得金牌。A.bought買；B.made制作；C.borrowed借；D.won贏得。根據(jù)下文“winning”可知，她在2012年倫敦殘奧會上獲得金牌。故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)2016年里約殘奧會到來時，她覺得自己已經(jīng)準備好了。A.hopeless無希望的；B.ready準備好的；C.moved感動的；D.weak弱的。根據(jù)上文“Afterhersuccess,Firthcontinuedtotrainhard.”可知，她覺得自己已經(jīng)準備好了參加殘奧會。故選B項?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：費斯抓住了這個機會，成功地贏得了三枚金牌和一枚銀牌。A.successful成功的；B.careful認真的；C.awful糟糕的；D.painful疼痛的。根據(jù)下文“afterwinningthreegoldsandasilver”可知，成功地贏得了三枚金牌和一枚銀牌。故選A項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2017年，費斯被邀請到白金漢宮接受榮譽勛章(MBE)，以表彰她對游泳的貢獻。A.attracted吸引；B.forced迫使；C.pushed推；D.invited邀請。根據(jù)下文“toBuckinghamPalacetoreceiveanhonour(MBE)”可知，指被邀請去參加。故選D項。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：2017年，費斯被邀請到白金漢宮接受榮譽勛章(MBE)，以表彰她對游泳的貢獻。A.contributions貢獻；B.agreements同意；C.introductions介紹；D.responses反應(yīng)。根據(jù)上文“Herhardworkpaidoff.She______goldinthe2012LondonParalympics(殘奧會).”以及“Firthtookthechanceandreturnedhome______afterwinningthreegoldsandasilver.”可知，表彰她對游泳的貢獻。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我覺得體育為我打開了很多扇門。A.closed關(guān)閉；B.kicked踢；C.opened打開；D.broken打破。根據(jù)上文“Herhardworkpaidoff.She______goldinthe2012LondonParalympics(殘奧會).”以及“Firthtookthechanceandreturnedhome______afterwinningthreegoldsandasilver.”可知，她挑戰(zhàn)了自己，取得了成功，所以體育為她打開了很多扇門。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我很高興分享我的故事，并幫助激勵人們實現(xiàn)他們的夢想。A.remember記得；B.share分享；C.record記錄；D.sell賣。根據(jù)下文“helpinspirepeopleto______theirdreams.”可知，BethanyFirth很高興分享了自己的故事。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我很高興分享我的故事，并幫助激勵人們實現(xiàn)他們的夢想。A.drop掉落；B.steal偷；C.change改變；D.realize實現(xiàn)。根據(jù)下文“theirdreams”可知，幫助激勵人們實現(xiàn)他們的夢想。故選D項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我還想幫助人們更好地了解有學(xué)習(xí)困難的人。A.learning學(xué)習(xí)；B.hearing聽；C.dancing跳舞；D.smelling聞。根據(jù)上文“earningdifficulty”可知，BethanyFirth想幫助人們更好地了解有學(xué)習(xí)困難的人。故選A項。第二部分非選擇題（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。OnthemorningofFebruary5,TangYuman,___36___highschoolstudentfromHuludaocity,waswatchingthesunrisebytheseasidewhenhenoticedsomeonefloating(漂浮)onthewater’ssurface.Tangshoutedinthatdirection,butthere___37___(be)noresponse.“Ididfeelalittlescaredatthatmoment,butIknewImustrescue(搭救)theperson,”saidTang.Tangtookoffhiscoatwithout___38___(hesitate)andjumpedintothewater.Thoughhefeltpainfullycold,hetriedhisbest___39___(reach)thedrowning(溺水的)person.Itwasanoldwoman.Tangliftedhershouldersoutofthewater___40___drewhertowardtheshore.Hetriedseveraltimestopushtheelderlywomantotheshore,butwasonlyabletopull___41___(she)ontotheice.Hekepthimselfcalmandcalled120forhelp.Whilewaiting___42___thedoctors,Tangalsogavetheelderlywomanfirstaid,ashefoundshehadtroublein___43___(breathe).Justthen,anotherman,___44___wasonamorningrun,cameovertohelpthem.Thegranny___45___(rush)tothehospitalafterthedoctorsarrived.Thankstothepair’stimelyrescue,shegotoutofdanger.【答案】36.a37.was38.hesitation39.toreach40.and41.her42.for43.breathing44.who45.wasrushed【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章通過敘述唐玉滿在海邊看日出時救人的事件，展現(xiàn)了他的勇敢和冷靜，同時也體現(xiàn)了在緊急情況下如何采取有效措施的重要性。【36題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：2月5日早上，來自葫蘆島市的一名高中生唐玉滿在海邊看日出時，注意到水面上有人漂浮著。此處泛指“一名高中生”，且high發(fā)音以輔音音素開頭，應(yīng)用不定冠詞a修飾。故填a?！?7題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：唐朝著那個方向大喊，但沒有回應(yīng)。根據(jù)上文shouted可知，本句描述過去的動作和狀態(tài)，故時態(tài)用一般過去時，謂語用過去式，且therebe句型遵循就近原則，此處be動詞與noresponse保持一致，用was。故填was?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。句意：唐毫不猶豫地脫下外套，跳進水里。without為介詞，后跟hesitate的名詞hesitation“猶豫”，作賓語。故填hesitation。【39題詳解】考查非謂