專題十六 簡單句與主謂一致（課件）-2022年中考英語語法知識點大全

備戰(zhàn)2022中考英語語法專題過關專題十六簡單句與主謂一致2021年中考考點真題1.(河北)my,it,birthday,was,yesterday________________________________.2.(四川)Jane,Irangyouuplastnightbutnobodyanswered.—Oh,Itogetherwithmyparents____walksintheparkthen.A.havetakenB.wastakingC.weretaking D.hadtaken3.(廣西)NotonlyPeterbutalsohisfather____crazyaboutthebasketballmatch.A.am B.is C.are D.beItwasmybirthdayyesterday考點1：簡單句BB考點2：主謂一致簡單句

圖解語法主語+系動詞+表語主語+謂語(不及物動詞)(+狀語)主語+謂語(及物動詞)+賓語(+狀語)主語+謂語(及物動詞)+間接賓語+直接賓語(+狀語)主語+謂語(及物動詞)+賓語+賓語補足語(+狀語)主謂一致語法一致原則

謂語動詞的單復數(shù)根據(jù)主語的單復數(shù)形式而定就近原則謂語動詞的單復數(shù)與離它最近的主語保持一致意義一致原則謂語動詞的單復數(shù)根據(jù)句子主語所表達的意義來確定主語＋謂語[不及物動詞(短語)](＋狀語)該句型中，不及物動詞(短語)后面不能直接加賓語，但可以用狀語修飾謂語動詞或整個句子。①Class

begins.

主語

謂語②Hisfather

hasgone

abroad.

主語

謂語

狀語考點1：簡單句的五種句式主語＋謂語[及物動詞(短語)]+賓語(＋狀語)該句式中的動詞(短語)都是及物動詞(短語)，可作賓語的有名詞(短語)、代詞、動詞-ing形式、不定式(todo)或名詞性從句。①She

likes

English.主語謂語賓語②You

mustlistento

me.主語謂語賓語③He

knows

whattodonext.主語謂語賓語考點1：簡單句的五種句式主語＋系動詞＋表語(＋狀語)be動詞和become是常見的系動詞，后面必須接表語或表語從句，說明主語“……是……”或“……變成……”的意思。*其他系動詞：變化系動詞：get/go/grow/turn持續(xù)系動詞：keep/remain/stay/lie/stand感官系動詞：look/seem/feel/sound/taste/smell考點1：簡單句的五種句式①He

became

ateacher.主語系動詞表語②This

is

allwehave．主語系動詞表語③This

is

wherehewasbroughtup．主語系動詞表語從句④Children

grow

wiser

astheygrowolder.主語系動詞表語狀語從句主語＋系動詞＋表語(＋狀語)考點1：簡單句的五種句式主語＋謂語(及物動詞)＋間接賓語＋直接賓語(＋狀語)一般情況下，間接賓語位于直接賓語的前面，但有時根據(jù)強調(diào)需要，間接賓語可置于直接賓語后，這時要在間接賓語前加介詞to或for。這類動詞有bring,give,offer,promise,show,lend等?？键c1：簡單句的五種句式①I

bought

John

abirthdaygift．主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語②Theteacher

showed

me

howtoreadthis

word．主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語③Mymother

gave

abook

to

theboy.

主語謂語直接賓語介詞

間接賓語主語＋謂語(及物動詞)＋賓語＋賓語補足語(＋狀語)在某些及物動詞后面，要用一個“賓語＋賓補”才能表達完整的意思。賓語與賓補合稱為復合賓語，介詞、形容詞、副詞、非謂語動詞和介詞短語可作賓補?？键c1：簡單句的五種句式①Ialsowant

you

torememberit.主語謂語賓語賓補②I

wantedtomake

theroom

warm.主語謂語賓語賓補1.Theygivehimabookasapresent.(改為同義句)They

abook????himasapresent.2.Mymotherboughtmeabookasmybirthdaypresent.(改為同義句)Mymother______abook______measmybirthdaypresent.3.Theteacherencouragedus______goodcompositions.A.WritingB.written

C.towriteD.iswriting4.Hismothertoldhim____abikeinthestreet.A.nottoride

B.tonotride

C.notrideD.ridenotto5.Icouldfeelthewind___onmyfacefromanopenwindow.A.toblowB.blowingC.tobeblowingD.blowngivetoboughtforCAB簡單句的五種句式---考點練習主謂一致即謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上要和主語保持一致，包括語法一致、意義一致和就近原則三大原則。語法一致原則：謂語動詞在單復數(shù)形式上要和主語保持一致。意義一致原則：根據(jù)句子主語的意義，而不是主語的形式來確定謂語動詞的單復數(shù)。就近原則：謂語動詞的形式與靠近它的主語保持一致?？键c2：主謂一致語法一致原則主語成分謂語例句動詞不定式短語、動名詞短語或從句單數(shù)Whathesaid

isveryimportantforusall.不定代詞each,every,either,neither,everything,nobody等Each

ofushasanewdictionary.thenumberof/oneof＋名詞復數(shù)Thenumberofstudentsinourclassis32.apair/akind＋of＋復數(shù)名詞Apairofglovesislyingonthetable.考點2：主謂一致主語成分謂語例句pairs/kinds＋of＋復數(shù)名詞復數(shù)Sixtypairsofsocksaresoldeveryweekonaverageintheshop.anumberof＋名詞復數(shù)Anumberoftrees

arecutdown.and或both...and...連接的名詞或代詞BothJohnandMikeare

students.語法一致原則考點2：主謂一致主語成分謂語例句主語后有with,alongwith,togetherwith，aswellas等修飾的名詞或代詞取決于主語Tom

withhisparentsiswatchingTV.alotof/lotsof/plentyof/mostof＋名詞Lotsof

people

havebeenthere.分數(shù)或百分數(shù)＋of＋名詞Twothirdsofthework

hasbeenfinished.語法一致原則考點2：主謂一致1.BothMikeandhissisterLucy

goodatChinese.A.is B.am C.are D.be2.—Look!Someone________theiceboxbacktothecorner.—Well,itwasn?tme.Ididn?tdoit.A.hasmovedB.ismovingC.wasmoving D.willmove3.Sofar,thenumberofpeopleusing5Gmobilephones______alot.A.isincreasing B.areincreasingC.hasincreased D.haveincreased4.Thispairofjeans_______nice.A.look B.looks C.islook5.Musicalongwithotherformsofart________（play）animportantroleinourdailylife.CACB語法一致原則---考點練習plays6.—Didyousleepwelllastnight????????—Farfromthat!Oneofmyneighbours______musicprettyloud.A.plays B.isplaying C.wasplaying D.wouldplay7.—Anumberofstudents_______inthedinningroom.—Letmecount.Thenumberofthestudents_____about400.A.are;is B.are;arC.is;are D.is;is8.—________thepopulationofyourcity?—About80thousand,Ithink.A.Whatare B.Howmuchis C.Howmanyare D.Whatis9.Eitheroftheboys___(know)therightanswer.Let'saskthemforhelp.10.?????Neitherofthetwins__________(invite)tothepartylastnight.CADknowswasinvited語法一致原則---考點練習主語成分謂語例句集體名詞(如family/class/team/group/public等)取決于主語的意義Hisfamily

isgoingtomovetoBeijing.(作為整體時，用單數(shù))Thewholefamily

are

havingdinner.(作家庭成員講時，用復數(shù))考點2：主謂一致意義一致原則主語成分謂語例句集合名詞(如：people/police等)復數(shù)Thepolice

arehelpingthegirlfindhermother.the＋姓氏名詞復數(shù)，表示“……一家”或“……夫婦”TheBlacks

enjoyworkinginChina.the＋某些形容詞，表示一類人Theyoung

areenergetic.意義一致原則考點2：主謂一致主語成分謂語例句and連接并列主語，表示同一個人或物(即：and后面無冠詞)單數(shù)Afamouswriterandteacheris

goingtohaveaspeechinourschool.表示重量、度量、時間、長度、價格、數(shù)學運算等的詞或短語Twopounds

isn't

soheavy.Twomonths

isalongholiday.意義一致原則考點2：主謂一致1.Theyoungalways___animportantpartinsuchactivities.A.plays B.play C.playing D.toplay2.Myfamilyusually_______bread，eggsandmilk_______breakfast．A.has；for B.have；for C.has；on D.have；on3.Infrontoftheseoldhouses__________ariver,whichisnotwideordeepbutclean.A.stand B.stands C.run D.runs4.80%ofthestudents_______toschoolbybus.A.go B.goes C.attend D.attendsBBDA意義一致原則---考點練習5.Sixtypercentofmypocketmoney___frommymother.A.get B.are C.come D.comes6.Peopleatthecommunitycentre_______abigfamily.Theyarehelpfulandkindtoeachother.A.likes B.arelike C.don?tlike D.lookslike7.Twohoursofplayinggames______(be)enoughforyou.DBis意義一致原則---考點練習(1)由either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...butalso...，not...but...或or連接兩個并