專題突破卷10 七選五（教師版） 2025年高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)通關(guān)卷（新高考用）

專題突破卷10七選五最新高考真題1.（2024年新高考I卷）Notallgreatwritersaregreatspellers.Ifyouwanttobepublished,it'svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(原稿).____36____Noeditorislikelytotolerateawriterwhodoesnottakethetroubletospellwordscorrectly.Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk:dictionaryandthesaurus(同義詞詞典).Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.____37____Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI'mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.IusetheConciseOxfordDictionaryandtheCollinsThesaurus.____38____Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical.Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced.Inaddition,Ihaveanoldtwo-volumecopyoftheShorterOxfordDictionary,pickedupafewyearsagoinabookshopsaleforjust99pence.Ofcourse,withits2,672pages,it'snotexactlyshort.Itcontainsaround163,000words,pluswordcombinationsandidiomaticphrases.____39____However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there'snothingbetter.ForwelloverahundredyearsthemostinfluentialEnglishdictionarywasSamuelJohnson'sDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagepublishedin1755."Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work,"wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof"dull".____40____Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.A.Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.B.Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.C.ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem.D.Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.E.Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.F.Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.G.Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation.【答案】36.F37.B38.E39.A40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了作者使用英語(yǔ)詞典的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和心得以及從中獲得的樂(lè)趣。【36題詳解】上文“Ifyouwanttobepublished,it’svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(如果你想發(fā)表，提交一份完美的、專業(yè)的手稿是至關(guān)重要的)”提到了完美的、專業(yè)的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有語(yǔ)法和拼寫錯(cuò)誤是專業(yè)的手稿的要求之一。F選項(xiàng)“Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.(這意味著語(yǔ)法正確，沒(méi)有拼寫錯(cuò)誤。)”是對(duì)手稿要求的進(jìn)一步解釋說(shuō)明，符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Idon’ttrustmylaptop’sspellchecker.(我不相信我筆記本電腦的拼寫檢查器。)”提到了作者不相信電腦的拼寫檢查器;下文“Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI’mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.(當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)在有很多在線詞典和同義詞庫(kù)，但我是一個(gè)守舊的人，更喜歡精裝的書和能用手指翻閱的書頁(yè)。)”提到了作者更喜歡實(shí)體書和能用手指翻閱的書頁(yè)，說(shuō)明電子設(shè)備可能不會(huì)考慮上下文，所以B選項(xiàng)“Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.(它不考慮上下文。)”解釋了上文的原因，具有承上啟下的作用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】下文“Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical.Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced.(它應(yīng)該給出每個(gè)單詞的精確定義，從而將其與其他含義相似但不相同的單詞區(qū)分開來(lái)。它通常還會(huì)顯示單詞的發(fā)音。)”提到了字典的功能，E選項(xiàng)“Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.(當(dāng)然，字典不僅僅是用來(lái)拼寫的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文內(nèi)容。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文“However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there’snothingbetter.(然而，如果我需要檢查一個(gè)單詞的來(lái)源或查找其用法的例子，沒(méi)有什么比這更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情況，A選項(xiàng)“Idon’toftenusethisdictionary.(我不經(jīng)常用這本字典。)”是對(duì)字典使用頻率的說(shuō)明，與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)。【40題詳解】上文“

“Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work,”wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof”dull".(約翰遜在解釋“dull”的一個(gè)定義時(shí)寫道：“編字典是件無(wú)聊的工作(乏味)。”)”提到了編寫字典是件乏味的工作，下文“Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.(花幾分鐘的時(shí)間瀏覽一兩頁(yè)是一種有益的體驗(yàn)。)”提到瀏覽字典也是一種閱讀的樂(lè)趣，D選項(xiàng)“Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.(但是一本字典讀起來(lái)是一種樂(lè)趣。)”是作者對(duì)字典的評(píng)價(jià)，與上文的“乏味”形成對(duì)比，與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。2.（2024年新高考II卷）OvertourismIsForReal:HowCanYouHelp?Travelpromotesunderstanding,expandsourminds,makesusbetterpeople,andboostslocaleconomiesandcommunities,buttherapidgrowthoftravelhasledtoovertourismincertainregionsanddestinations.___16___Certainlynot.Thelossofwhattravelofferswouldbeunacceptableintoday’sworld.Herearesometipsonmakingwisedecisionstominimizepressureontheplaceswevisitandimproveourexperience.●Choosemindfully.Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they’respecial.Withsomanyonlinepostsfeaturingthesameplaces,it’seasytofeellikeyou’remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.___17___●Getcreative.Thebestwaytoeasepressureonover-touristeddestinationsistogosomewhereelse.Thoughovertourismisdescribedasaproblemaffectingtheentireworld,it’sactuallyconcentratedtoasmallnumberofextremelypopularspots.Thatmeansyouhavetonsofless-visitedoptionstochoosefrom.___18___Whynottryaregionalalternativeorcheckoutapopulardestination’slesser-knownsights?●___19___Minimizeimpactandmaximizeexperiencebyskippingmajorholidaysorrushhour.You’llcompetewithfewertourists,savemoney,experienceadifferentsideofapopularplace,andboosttheeconomywhentourismistraditionallyslower.Visitingaplacethatotherscallhomeisaprivilege(榮幸).Doyourparttopreservewhatmakesadestinationspecialinthefirstplace.___20___Youmaybeamazedhowmuchcloseryou’llfeeltothepeoplethere.A.Visitduringoff-peaktimes.B.So,shouldwestoptraveling?C.Travelforyouandnooneelse.D.Canovertourismbeavoidedthen?E.Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.F.You’llfindyourselfvirtuallyalone,orclosetoit.G.Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou’revisiting.【答案】16.B17.C18.E19.A20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了如何避免“過(guò)度旅游”的現(xiàn)象。【16題詳解】前文“Travelpromotesunderstanding,expandsourminds,makesusbetterpeople,andboostslocaleconomiesandcommunities,buttherapidgrowthoftravelhasledtoovertourismincertainregionsanddestinations.(旅游促進(jìn)理解，擴(kuò)展我們的思想，使我們成為更好的人，促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)和社區(qū)，但旅游業(yè)的快速發(fā)展導(dǎo)致了某些地區(qū)和目的地的過(guò)度旅游)”表明旅游帶來(lái)了一些問(wèn)題，后文“Thelossofwhattravelofferswouldbeunacceptableintoday’sworld.(在當(dāng)今世界，失去旅行所能提供的東西將是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，結(jié)合后文“Certainlynot.(當(dāng)然不)”可知，空處提問(wèn)能否停止旅行，D選項(xiàng)“那么，我們應(yīng)該停止旅行嗎？”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。【17題詳解】前文“Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they’respecial.Withsomanyonlinepostsfeaturingthesameplaces,it’seasytofeellikeyou’remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.(游客過(guò)多的目的地是有原因的：它們很特別。網(wǎng)上有這么多關(guān)于同一個(gè)地方的帖子，很容易讓你覺(jué)得你錯(cuò)過(guò)了。只有當(dāng)風(fēng)景、文化或食物深深吸引你時(shí)，才去某個(gè)地方)”表明不要跟風(fēng)旅游，C選項(xiàng)“為你而不是其他人旅行”表明要關(guān)注自己在旅行時(shí)的感受，忠實(shí)自己的感受，不用管其余的建議，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?8題詳解】前文“Thatmeansyouhavetonsofless-visitedoptionstochoosefrom.(這意味著你有很多不太受歡迎的選擇)及后文“Whynottryaregionalalternativeorcheckoutapopulardestination’slesser-knownsights?(為什么不嘗試一個(gè)地區(qū)性的選擇，或者看看一個(gè)熱門目的地不太為人所知的景點(diǎn)呢)”提出建議，可以選擇一些冷門的景點(diǎn)，E選項(xiàng)“你仍然可以找到相對(duì)未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的地方”語(yǔ)境一致。故選E?！?9題詳解】空處為小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“Minimizeimpactandmaximizeexperiencebyskippingmajorholidaysorrushhour.(通過(guò)跳過(guò)重大節(jié)假日或高峰時(shí)間來(lái)最小化影響并最大化體驗(yàn))”表示旅游時(shí)要注意避開高峰期，選擇合適的時(shí)間，A選項(xiàng)“在非高峰時(shí)間參觀”概括本段內(nèi)容。故選A。【20題詳解】前文“Doyourparttopreservewhatmakesadestinationspecialinthefirstplace.(盡你的一份力，從一開始就保護(hù)一個(gè)目的地的特別之處)”表明旅游時(shí)應(yīng)保護(hù)旅游景點(diǎn)，后文“Youmaybeamazedhowmuchcloseryou’llfeeltothepeoplethere.(你可能會(huì)驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)你和那里的人感覺(jué)如此親近)”表示這樣做的感受，G選項(xiàng)“考慮回饋你所訪問(wèn)的社區(qū)”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。2024年高考模擬真題（2024·福建寧德·三模）Upuntilthe1980s,peopleinmanycountriesregularlyfollowedintheirparents’footstepsbyworkinginthefamilybusinessorjoiningthesameprofessionasthem.Inyourgrandparents’time,therewastheprospectofdoingthesamejobfromgraduationuntilretirement.1Mostpeoplenowhavenointentionoffollowingintheirparents’footstepsorevenstayingatonejobforverylong.Infact,planningtoworkinthesamefieldforyourentireworkinglifejustisn’tpracticalanymore.Onereasonforthisistechnology.Theskillsyouhavenowareunlikelytoremainrelevant.2Andthenwhatwillyoudo?Workhard?Winthelottery?Hopeforthebest?Youmightbelucky.Butmostofustodayhavetolookbeyondthelittleboxcalled“career”.Ifyouthinkyoucanworkeighthoursadayandbuildacareer,thinkagain.Itishardlyarecipeforgreatcareersuccess.3Keepdoingthis,youcanbecomeaspecialistinsomethingoneday.Youhaveachancetochoosetobuildacareer,ratherthanbeingtoldtostayortogo.4Youmayhavetogobacktotheclassroomandberetrainedtoqualifytoworkinanotherfield.Itisentirelyyourchoicetolearn,ortobeforcedtolearn.Inshort,lifetimesecurityfromoneemployerisnolongercertain.5Itisuptoyoutodecidewhatyoucandoandhowwellyoucandoit.A．Areyoureadyforthis?B．Howtimeshavechanged!C．Theywillprobablybeoutofdateverysoon.D．Thetruthisthatyouarethebossofyourcareer.E．Theseskillsshouldhavebroughtyouanice,comfortablelife.F．Whatifyourjobdisappearsafterworkingfor10yearsinthefield?G．Instead.you’dbetterkeeplookingforsmarterwaystodoyourwork.【答案】1．B2．C3．G4．F5．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文，文章主要說(shuō)明了在如今的職場(chǎng)中，大多數(shù)人不再打算追隨父母的腳步，甚至不再打算在一份工作上待很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，并分析了其原因。1．根據(jù)上文“Inyourgrandparents’time,therewastheprospectofdoingthesamejobfromgraduationuntilretirement.（在你祖父母的時(shí)代，從畢業(yè)到退休都要做同樣的工作。）”和下文“Mostpeoplenowhavenointentionoffollowingintheirparents’footstepsorevenstayingatonejobforverylong.(現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人都不想追隨父母的腳步，甚至不想在一份工作上待很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間)”可知，上下文形成對(duì)比，意在表明現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人與過(guò)去的情況不同?？仗帒?yīng)該承上啟下，起到過(guò)渡的作用。B選項(xiàng)“Howtimeshavechanged!（時(shí)代變了?。狈衔囊狻９蔬xB。2．根據(jù)上文“Onereasonforthisistechnology.Theskillsyouhavenowareunlikelytoremainrelevant.(其中一個(gè)原因是技術(shù)。你現(xiàn)在擁有的技能不太可能一直保持相關(guān)性。)”可知，此處意在表明現(xiàn)在擁有的技能有過(guò)時(shí)的可能性。C選項(xiàng)“Theywillprobablybeoutofdateverysoon.(它們可能很快就會(huì)過(guò)時(shí))”符合文意，承接上文。故選C。3．根據(jù)上文“Ifyouthinkyoucanworkeighthoursadayandbuildacareer,thinkagain.Itishardlyarecipeforgreatcareersuccess.(如果你認(rèn)為你可以每天工作8小時(shí)并建立一份事業(yè)，那再想想吧。這很難成為事業(yè)成功的秘訣)”可知，此處意在表明不能每天只工作8小時(shí)，而要用更好的方法工作。G選項(xiàng)“Instead,you’dbetterkeeplookingforsmarterwaystodoyourwork.(相反，你最好繼續(xù)尋找更聰明的工作方法)”符合文意，承接上文。故選G。4．根據(jù)下文“Youmayhavetogobacktotheclassroomandberetrainedtoqualifytoworkinanotherfield.(你可能需要回到課堂接受再培訓(xùn)，才有資格在另一個(gè)領(lǐng)域工作)”可知，此處意在提出假設(shè)，即如果工作在將來(lái)消失了該怎么辦。F選項(xiàng)“Whatifyourjobdisappearsafterworkingfor10yearsinthefield?(如果你在這個(gè)領(lǐng)域工作了10年后，你的工作消失了怎么辦？)”符合文意，引出下文。故選F。5．根據(jù)上文“Inshort,lifetimesecurityfromoneemployerisnolongercertain.(簡(jiǎn)而言之，從一個(gè)雇主那里獲得終身保障已不再可靠)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)人在職業(yè)生涯中的主體地位。D選項(xiàng)“Thetruthisthatyouarethebossofyourcareer.(事實(shí)是，你是自己職業(yè)生涯的老板)”符合文意，承接上文。故選D。（2024·四川成都·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）TipsforPositiveThinkingWhenDepressedIfyou’rewonderinghowtobecomemorepositivewhendepressed,youmayneedsomeactionabletipstogetstarted.6Keepapositivejournal.Positivethoughtscanbefewandfarbetweenwhenyouhavedepression.7Evenifit’ssomethingassmallasseeingabeautifulflowerorreceivingasupportivetextfromafriend,keeparecordofyourbettermoments.8Nexttimeyoufeelhopelessinthefaceofdifficulties,imaginethemostpositiveoutcome.Forexample,youmightdislikehavingdepression,butimaginethatonedayyoucoulduseyourstorytohelpothers—tostartasupportgrouporwriteabook.Askyourselfifyournegativebeliefsarereallytrue.Nexttimeyouobserveanegativethoughtenteringyourmind,askyourself:“Istherebasisforthisthought?”Forexample,hasanyoneevertoldyouthatyouwereaterriblefriendapartfromyourself?9Whataboutallthetimesyou’vebeensupportiveorhelpfultothepeopleinyourlife?Holdyournegativethoughtsupforinspectionandyou’llsoonseewhichareworthyourattention.10Duringdepression,however,itoftenfeelseasiertohideunderyourcoversandletthenegativethoughtstakeoverthantrytochangeyourpatterns.Trytochallengeyourselfduringyourstrongermomentstotrytofindsomethingtofeelpositiveabout.A．Howmightthatfeel?B．Herearesomeideas.C．Adjustmoodtogetapositiveresult.D．Buildinghealthyhabitscanbehardatthebestoftimes.E．Ifso,isthatperson’sopiniontheonlyoneyoutrulyvalue?F．Takeachallengingsituationandimaginethemostpositiveoutcome.G．Soeachtimeahappyorhopefulthoughtcomesintoyourhead,writeitdown.【答案】6．B7．G8．F9．E10．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了抑郁時(shí)積極思考的一些建議。6．前文“Ifyou’rewonderinghowtobecomemorepositivewhendepressed,youmayneedsomeactionabletipstogetstarted.(如果你想知道如何在抑郁時(shí)變得更積極，你可能需要一些可行的建議來(lái)開始)”提到在抑郁時(shí)變得更積極需要可行的建議，后文段落具體介紹了這些建議，空處應(yīng)該指出有這樣一些建議，因此B項(xiàng)“Herearesomeideas.(這里有一些想法)”符合語(yǔ)境，承上啟下。故選B。7．段首句“Keepapositivejournal.(堅(jiān)持寫積極向上的日記)”建議記錄積極向上的想法，前文“Positivethoughtscanbefewandfarbetweenwhenyouhavedepression.(當(dāng)你抑郁時(shí)，積極的想法可能很少)”提到抑郁時(shí)積極的想法會(huì)很少，后文“Evenifit’ssomethingassmallasseeingabeautifulflowerorreceivingasupportivetextfromafriend,keeparecordofyourbettermoments.(即使是看到一朵美麗的花或收到朋友的支持短信這樣的小事，也要記錄下你的美好時(shí)刻)”具體指出很美好的小事也值得記錄，空處應(yīng)該是建議及時(shí)記錄下那些積極的想法，因此G項(xiàng)“Soeachtimeahappyorhopefulthoughtcomesintoyourhead,writeitdown.(所以每當(dāng)一個(gè)快樂(lè)或充滿希望的想法進(jìn)入你的腦海時(shí)，把它寫下來(lái))”符合語(yǔ)境，呼應(yīng)段首句，承上啟下。故選G。8．根據(jù)后文“Nexttimeyoufeelhopelessinthefaceofdifficulties,imaginethemostpositiveoutcome.Forexample,youmightdislikehavingdepression,butimaginethatonedayyoucoulduseyourstorytohelpothers—tostartasupportgrouporwriteabook.(下次當(dāng)你在困難面前感到絕望時(shí)，想象一下最積極的結(jié)果。例如，你可能不喜歡抑郁，但想象有一天你可以用你的故事來(lái)幫助別人——成立一個(gè)支持小組或?qū)懸槐緯?”可知，本段主要建議想象一下最積極的結(jié)果，空處位于段首，是段落主旨句，應(yīng)該與此相關(guān)，且需和其他段首句一樣使用祈使句的形式。因此F項(xiàng)“Takeachallengingsituationandimaginethemostpositiveoutcome.(面對(duì)一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)性的情況，想象最積極的結(jié)果)”符合語(yǔ)境，可統(tǒng)領(lǐng)段落內(nèi)容。故選F。9．前文“Nexttimeyouobserveanegativethoughtenteringyourmind,askyourself:“Istherebasisforthisthought?”Forexample,hasanyoneevertoldyouthatyouwereaterriblefriendapartfromyourself?(下次當(dāng)你看到一個(gè)消極的想法進(jìn)入你的腦海時(shí)，問(wèn)問(wèn)自己：“這個(gè)想法有根據(jù)嗎”例如，除了你自己，有沒(méi)有人告訴過(guò)你，你是一個(gè)糟糕的朋友)”建議在有消極的想法時(shí)，質(zhì)疑自己的想法，向自己提問(wèn)，后文“Whataboutallthetimesyou’vebeensupportiveorhelpfultothepeopleinyourlife?(那你在生活中支持或幫助別人的時(shí)候呢)”依然是提問(wèn)的問(wèn)題，空處應(yīng)該也是一個(gè)向自己提問(wèn)的問(wèn)題，因此E項(xiàng)“Ifso,isthatperson’sopiniontheonlyoneyoutrulyvalue?(如果是這樣，那個(gè)人的意見(jiàn)是你唯一真正看重的嗎)”符合語(yǔ)境，承接前一句中的問(wèn)題。故選E。10．根據(jù)后文“Duringdepression,however,itoftenfeelseasiertohideunderyourcoversandletthenegativethoughtstakeoverthantrytochangeyourpatterns.Trytochallengeyourselfduringyourstrongermomentstotrytofindsomethingtofeelpositiveabout.(然而，在抑郁期間，躲在被子里讓消極的想法接管比嘗試改變你的模式更容易。在你情緒較好的時(shí)候，試著挑戰(zhàn)自己，試著找到一些讓你感到積極的事情)”可知，本段主要指出在抑郁期間改變自己很困難，應(yīng)在情緒較好時(shí)去找讓自己感到積極的事情，空處作為段首句，應(yīng)該與養(yǎng)成積極想法很困難相關(guān)，因此D項(xiàng)“Buildinghealthyhabitscanbehardatthebestoftimes.(即使在最好的時(shí)候，養(yǎng)成健康的習(xí)慣也很難)”符合語(yǔ)境，契合后文內(nèi)容。故選D。（2024·黑龍江吉林·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）WhocanimaginelifetodaywithoutanAutomatedTellerMachine(ATM)?Theyareavailableinconsiderablenumbersthroughouttheworld.ThefirstATMwasthebrainchildofanenterprisingTurkish-AmericaninventorLutherGeorgeSimjian.Whentheideaofanautomatedbankingmachinestruckhim,heregistered20patentsbeforeanybankagreedtogiveitatrialrun.Itiseasytoassumethattheinventorofsuchapopularmachinewaslaughingallthewaytothebank.11WithinsixmonthsofitsoperationinNewYorkin1939,thedevicewasremovedduetolackofcustomeracceptance.Itwasnotuntil1967,nearly30yearslater,thatBarclaysBank,inacarefullaunch,rolledoutaself-servicemachineinLondon,England,whichprovedsuccessful.12Thefirstcashmachinereliedoncustomers’useofprepaidtokens(代幣)togetenvelopeswithafixedamountofcashinside.13Thebanks’principlewasseeminglycustomerservice.Butitwouldbefoolishtominimizethemanyadvantagesthatcashmachinesprovidedtothebanksthemselves.Bythelate1970s,thehighestfixedcostfortheaveragelargebankwasitsbranches.Thegreatestvariablecostandlosstoprofitswereitsstaff.Bankaccountsswiftlyrecognizedthatself-serviceoperationscouldreducebankbranchstaffcostby70percent.ExpertsquicklydeterminedthatpublicacceptanceofATMscountedonconvenience,simplicity,speed,securityandtrust.14Formaximumefficiency,ATMshadtobelocatednearpublictransportorinashoppingmall,notatabranch.Thebusierandmorecrowdedthelocation,obviously,thebetter.Now,roughly75percentofallcashprovidedbybankstotheircustomerscomesfromcashmachines.15.Publicacceptanceofdeposits(存款)bymachinewassignificantlyslowerthancustomers’usageofATMsforwithdrawals.Ingeneral,itseemsthatcustomerssometimesstillpreferandtrustanover-the-countertransaction(交易)fordeposits.A．Location,inparticular,wasakeyfactor.B．Hiscashmachine,however,didn’tprovedurable.C．Thedevicewasrelativelyprimitive,atleastbytoday’sstandards.D．However,cashmachinesposedsomeinteresting,unansweredquestions.E．Aninterestingfactorwastheissueofbio-statisticsforcustomeridentification.F．Devicesoriginallydismissedbythepublicarenowrecognizedasessentialinstitutions.G．Soonafterwards,manyotherbanksbecameadmittedlychampionsofthecashmachine.【答案】11．B12．C13．G14．A15．F【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了自動(dòng)取款機(jī)(ATM)的發(fā)展歷程和其在現(xiàn)代生活中的重要性。11．根據(jù)上文“Itiseasytoassumethattheinventorofsuchapopularmachinewaslaughingallthewaytothebank.(人們很容易認(rèn)為，這樣一臺(tái)受歡迎機(jī)器的發(fā)明者一定賺得盆滿缽滿)”和下文“WithinsixmonthsofitsoperationinNewYorkin1939,thedevicewasremovedduetolackofcustomeracceptance.(1939年，該設(shè)備在紐約運(yùn)行了六個(gè)月后，由于缺乏客戶接受，該設(shè)備被拆除)”可知，上下文有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，B項(xiàng)“Hiscashmachine,however,didn’tprovedurable.(然而，他的取款機(jī)并沒(méi)有經(jīng)受住時(shí)間的考驗(yàn))”承上啟下，說(shuō)明設(shè)想和現(xiàn)實(shí)有差距，引出下文第一臺(tái)取款機(jī)的真實(shí)命運(yùn)，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選B項(xiàng)。12．下文“Thefirstcashmachinereliedoncustomers’useofprepaidtokens(代幣)togetenvelopeswithafixedamountofcashinside.(第一臺(tái)自動(dòng)取款機(jī)依靠顧客使用預(yù)付代幣來(lái)獲得裝有固定數(shù)量現(xiàn)金的信封)”介紹了第一臺(tái)自動(dòng)取款機(jī)的工作原理：用預(yù)付代幣來(lái)?yè)Q取現(xiàn)金信封，是對(duì)C項(xiàng)“Thedevicewasrelativelyprimitive,atleastbytoday’sstandards.(這個(gè)裝置相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)比較原始，至少以今天的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)看是這樣)”的說(shuō)明，說(shuō)明第一臺(tái)自動(dòng)取款機(jī)比較原始的工作原理，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選C項(xiàng)。13．下文“Thebanks’principlewasseeminglycustomerservice.Butitwouldbefoolishtominimizethemanyadvantagesthatcashmachinesprovidedtothebanksthemselves.Bythelate1970s,thehighestfixedcostfortheaveragelargebankwasitsbranches.Thegreatestvariablecostandlosstoprofitswereitsstaff.Bankaccountsswiftlyrecognizedthatself-serviceoperationscouldreducebankbranchstaffcostby70percent.(銀行的原則似乎是客戶服務(wù)。但是，低估自動(dòng)取款機(jī)給銀行自身帶來(lái)的諸多好處是愚蠢的。到20世紀(jì)70年代末，大型銀行的平均固定成本最高的是其分支機(jī)構(gòu)。最大的可變成本和利潤(rùn)損失是它的員工。銀行賬戶很快意識(shí)到，自助服務(wù)可以將銀行分行的員工成本降低70%)”說(shuō)明了自動(dòng)取款機(jī)給銀行帶來(lái)的諸多好處，解釋了G項(xiàng)“Soonafterwards,manyotherbanksbecameadmittedlychampionsofthecashmachine.(不久之后，許多其他銀行成為公認(rèn)的自動(dòng)提款機(jī)的擁護(hù)者)”中描述的這一現(xiàn)象，許多銀行為了獲益開始使用自動(dòng)提款機(jī)，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選G項(xiàng)。14．下文“Formaximumefficiency,ATMshadtobelocatednearpublictransportorinashoppingmall,notatabranch.Thebusierandmorecrowdedthelocation,obviously,thebetter.(為了最大限度地提高效率，自動(dòng)取款機(jī)必須設(shè)在公共交通附近或購(gòu)物中心，而不是在分行。顯然，地點(diǎn)越繁忙、越擁擠越好)”指出自動(dòng)取款機(jī)需要設(shè)在公共交通附近或購(gòu)物中心，是對(duì)A項(xiàng)“Location,inparticular,wasakeyfactor.(尤其是地理位置，是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵因素)”的舉例說(shuō)明，說(shuō)明地理位置的重要作用。故選A項(xiàng)。15．上文“Now,roughly75percentofallcashprovidedbybankstotheircustomerscomesfromcashmachines.(現(xiàn)在，銀行提供給客戶的現(xiàn)金中，大約75%來(lái)自自動(dòng)取款機(jī))”談及自動(dòng)取款機(jī)的普及和廣泛使用，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Devicesoriginallydismissedbythepublicarenowrecognizedasessentialinstitutions.(最初被公眾忽視的設(shè)備現(xiàn)在被認(rèn)為是不可或缺的設(shè)施)”承接上文，總結(jié)自動(dòng)取款機(jī)命運(yùn)的變化，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選F項(xiàng)。（2024·廣西貴港·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）HowtothinkoutsidetheboxBeingopentodissenting(持異議的)opinionsisnottheonlywaytothinkoutsidethebox.16.Abreakinoureverydaylifemayprovidetheforceneededtoshiftthedirectionofourthinking.Sowecanchangeenvironments.Forsomepeople,smallchangesmightwork,forexample,reorganizingourdeskortakinganewroutetowork.17.Afamousconceptisapproachingroutinesituationsasifwemetorsawthemforthefirsttime.Inotherwords,weshouldlookatthemasifwe’dneverseenthem.18.Forinstance,whenwebrushourteeth,takeamomenttolookatthetoothbrushasifweneverlaideyesonsuchanobjectandnoticeditscolorandshape.Thinkabouttheflavorofthetoothpasteandnoticehowourmouthfeelsaswemovethebrushbackandforth.19.Themerepresenceofagroupofpeoplewithdiverseexperiences,viewsandbackgroundsinoureverydaylifecreatesanatmosphereinwhichpeoplecanbetterrespondtochange.Why?Becausetheyarekeydriversofthedevelopmentofnewideasandsolutions.Unlikenegativeemotions(情感)thatcausespecificreactions(forexample,feardrivesustoflee),positiveemotionshelpusbroadenourattention,exploreourenvironment,andopenourselvestoabsorbinginformation.20.Theycanbethosethataregoingwellorforwhichwearegrateful.Thisshiftingintopositivityprocesswillautomaticallybrightenourmoodandfreeourbrain.A．It’salsohelpfultoseekforthedifferenceB．WeshouldshowrespectfordifferentculturestooC．SomesmalltechniquescouldhelpbroadenthewaywethinkD．TakeafewmomentstothinkaboutthebeautifulthingsinourlifeE．PositiveemotionsplayanimportantpartinunfreezingourthinkingF．However,forothers,biggerchangessuchasanewjoboramarriagearerequiredG．“Beginners’mind”allowsustoremainopentoexperiencesdespiteanyknowledgewemayhave【答案】16．C17．F18．G19．A20．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了幾個(gè)可以幫助拓寬思維方式的技巧。16．空前提到“Beingopentodissenting(持異議的)opinionsisnottheonlywaytothinkoutsidethebox.(對(duì)持異議的觀點(diǎn)保持開放的態(tài)度不是唯一一種創(chuàng)造性思考的方法)”，C項(xiàng)“一些小技巧可以幫助拓寬我們的思維方式”能夠承上啟下，是說(shuō)還有別的一些技巧，且C項(xiàng)中“techniques”與空前一句中“way”呼應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)。17．根據(jù)空前“Forsomepeople,smallchangesmightwork,forexample,reorganizingourdeskortakinganewroutetowork.(對(duì)一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，小的改變可能會(huì)起作用，例如，重新整理我們的辦公桌或選擇一條新的上班路線)”可知，空處承接上文，指出對(duì)于其他人來(lái)說(shuō)情況是怎樣的，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中的“forothers”和上文的“Forsomepeople”對(duì)應(yīng)。由此可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“然而，對(duì)于其他人來(lái)說(shuō)，更大的變化，如新工作或婚姻是必需的”能夠承接上文，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)。18．空前提到“Inotherwords,weshouldlookatthemasifwe’dneverseenthem.(換句話說(shuō)，我們應(yīng)該像從未見(jiàn)過(guò)它們一樣，來(lái)看待它們)”，G項(xiàng)““初學(xué)者的思維”讓我們對(duì)經(jīng)驗(yàn)保持開放，盡管我們可能擁有任何知識(shí)”，是說(shuō)明空前提到的方法的好處，空后內(nèi)容是對(duì)G項(xiàng)中的“Beginners’mind”進(jìn)行舉例說(shuō)明，上下文銜接緊密，故選G項(xiàng)。19．空處位于句首，是段落主題句，根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容“Themerepresenceofa

groupofpeoplewithdiverseexperiences,viewsandbackgroundsinour

everydaylifecreatesanatmosphereinwhichpeoplecanbetterrespond

tochange.(在我們的日常生活中，一群有著不同經(jīng)歷、觀點(diǎn)和背景的人的存在創(chuàng)造了一種氛圍，人們可以更好地應(yīng)對(duì)變化)”及“Becausetheyarekeydriversofthedevelopmentofnewideasandsolutions.(因?yàn)樗鼈兪切滤枷牒徒鉀Q辦法發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵驅(qū)動(dòng)因素)”可知，本段主要說(shuō)差異的好處。由此可知，A項(xiàng)“尋找差異也有幫助”適合作本段主旨句，符合語(yǔ)境。故選A項(xiàng)。20．根據(jù)空后“Theycanbethosethataregoingwellorforwhichwearegrateful.(它們可以是那些進(jìn)展良好或者我們所感激的事情)”可知，D項(xiàng)“花一些時(shí)間來(lái)考慮生活中美好的事情”能夠銜接下文，空后的They指代D項(xiàng)中“thebeautifulthings”。故選D項(xiàng)。（2024·山東·二模）Short-formvideos,alsoknownasShorts,havegainedgreatpopularity,particularlyonplatformslikeTikTokandInstagramReels.21However,there’sagrowingconcernthatwatchingtoomanyShortscanaffectchildren’sbrains.Thephenomenonknownas“TikTokBrain”arisesfromtheapp’sshortandaddictivevideos.Similartocandy,thesevideosgeneraterapiddopamine(多巴胺)releases,stimulatingthebrain’spleasurecenter.AstudywasconductedtoinvestigatetheimpactofShortsontheteenagebrains.22Theystimulatedthebrain’srewardcentersmoreintenselythanrandomvideos.Ourbrainsprocessvisualinformationfasterthantext,whichexplainswhyvideostendtooutperformtext-basedcontentonline.Duetotheirunderdevelopedreadingskills,childrenaremoreeasilytobecomeaddictedtovisualstimuli.Remarkably,socialmediaplatformscandoalotharmtothedevelopmentofreadinghabitsamongyoungerusers.23AccordingtoJessicaGriffin,aprofessorofchildpsychology,Shortsaffectthedevelopingbrainsofchildrenandteenagers.Theprefrontalcortex(前額葉皮質(zhì))isresponsibleforattention,self-control,memory,andlearningflexibility.24ThisdelayeddevelopmentmakesyoungindividualsmoreeasilyinfluencedbyShorts.Inconclusion,theconstantexposuretofast-pacedandstimulatingcontentinShortscanimpactchildren’sattention.Toaddressthisissue,parentscanhaveopenconversationswiththeirchildrenaboutthepotentialrisks.25Furthermore,encouragingphysicalactivitiesandoutdoorexperiencesisalsocrucialtodevelopabalancedlifestyle.A．Someevendonotincludetextatall.B．TikTok’sfeediscreatedaddictivebydesign.C．Butitdoesnotfullymatureuntilaroundtheageof25.D．ItishelpfultousescreentimemanagementtoolsforShorts.E．Short-termmemoryandtheabilitytoconcentrateareaffected.F．Itrevealedthatthesevideosarepersonalized,selectedandfedtousers.G．They’rebriefattention-grabbingvideosthatcanbeentertainingandaddictive.【答案】21．G22．F23．E24．C25．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了短視頻對(duì)兒童和青少年大腦發(fā)展的影響。21．根據(jù)下文“However,there’sagrowingconcernthatwatchingtoomanyShortscanaffectchildren’sbrains.(然而，越來(lái)越多的人擔(dān)心看太多短片會(huì)影響孩子的大腦)”中“However”可知，上下文有轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，下文講短視頻的問(wèn)題：會(huì)影響孩子的大腦”，G項(xiàng)“They’rebriefattention-grabbingvideosthatcanbeentertainingandaddictive.(它們是簡(jiǎn)短的引人注目的視頻，可以使人愉快和入迷)”講短視頻的魅力，與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選G項(xiàng)。22．上文“AstudywasconductedtoinvestigatetheimpactofShortsontheteenagebrains.(一項(xiàng)研究調(diào)查了短視頻對(duì)青少年大腦的影響)”提到一個(gè)關(guān)于短視頻對(duì)青少年大腦的影響的研究，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Itrevealedthatthesevideosarepersonalized,selectedandfedtousers.(它揭示這些視頻是個(gè)性化的，經(jīng)過(guò)挑選并提供給用戶的)”承接上文，說(shuō)明研究的結(jié)果，句中“It”指代上文“Astudy”，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選F項(xiàng)。23．上文“Remarkably,socialmediaplatformscandoalotharmtothedevelopmentofreadinghabitsamongyoungerusers.(值得注意的是，社交媒體平臺(tái)可能會(huì)對(duì)年輕用戶閱讀習(xí)慣的養(yǎng)成造成很大傷害)”指出社交媒體平臺(tái)對(duì)閱讀習(xí)慣的養(yǎng)成的影響，E項(xiàng)“Short-termmemoryandtheabilitytoconcentrateareaffected.(短期記憶和集中注意力的能力都會(huì)受到影響)”承接上文，說(shuō)明其具體影響：影響短期記憶和集中注意力的能力，上下文語(yǔ)意連貫。故選E項(xiàng)。24．下文“ThisdelayeddevelopmentmakesyoungindividualsmoreeasilyinfluencedbyShorts.(這種延遲發(fā)育使年輕人更容易受到short的影響)”中提到“Thisdelayeddevelopment”，根據(jù)指代關(guān)系，上文會(huì)明確其指代的具體內(nèi)容，C項(xiàng)“Butitdoesnotfullymatureuntilaroundtheageof25.(但它要到25歲左右才能完全成熟)”和上文“Theprefrontalcortex(前額葉皮質(zhì))isresponsibleforattention,self-control,memory,andlearningflexibility.(前額葉皮層負(fù)責(zé)注意力、自我控制、記憶和學(xué)習(xí)靈活性)”告知，下文的“延遲發(fā)育”指的是“前額葉皮層的延遲發(fā)育”。故選C項(xiàng)。25．上文“Toaddressthisissue,parentscanhaveopenconversationswiththeirchildrenaboutthepotentialrisks.(為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，父母可以和他們的孩子就潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行開誠(chéng)布公的交流)”提出解決問(wèn)題的一個(gè)辦法：父母和孩子進(jìn)行交流。D項(xiàng)“ItishelpfultousescreentimemanagementtoolsforShorts.(使用屏幕時(shí)間管理工具是很有幫助的)”給出另一個(gè)辦法，建議使用屏幕時(shí)間管理工具。下文“Furthermore,encouragingphysicalactivitiesandoutdoorexperiencesisalsocrucialtodevelopabalancedlifestyle.(此外，鼓勵(lì)體育活動(dòng)和戶外活動(dòng)對(duì)于發(fā)展平衡的生活方式也至關(guān)重要)”提出第三個(gè)建議：鼓勵(lì)體育活動(dòng)和戶外活動(dòng)。所以，D項(xiàng)與上下文構(gòu)成并列關(guān)系，就如果解決問(wèn)題給出切實(shí)可行的建議。故選D項(xiàng)。（2024·陜西榆林·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Asapsychologistwithmorethan15yearsofexperience,I’veseenhow“hustle(忙碌)culture”canhaveaharmfuleffectonpeople.Buta2,000-year-oldChineseconcept,“Wuwei”,canhelpusleadmorebalanced,fulfillingandsuccessfullives.“Wuwei”emphasizestakingactionwhennecessary,butnotpushingyourselfwithexcessiveeffortandtension.26,whileincreasingsatis