專題22 賓語從句和定語從句-中考英語語法單項(xiàng)選擇題專項(xiàng)突破（原卷版）

在主句中作賓語的句子叫賓語從句；在主句中作定語的句子叫定語從句。考點(diǎn)一.賓語從句中考對賓語從句的考查主要在于賓語從句的語序、連接詞和時(shí)態(tài)。1.賓語從句的語序賓語從句用陳述句語序。1.一Doyouknow?(白銀)一Yes,ofcourse.ItwillbehostedbyBeijingandZhangjiakou.A.howwillhethe2022WinterOlympicsB.whichcitywillhostthe2022WinterOlympicsC.whenwillbethenextWinterOlympicsD.wherewillbethenextWinterOlympics2.—Couldyoupleasetellme________?（濟(jì)南）—Well,Ialwayswritee-mailstomypenpals.A.howdoyoulearnChineseB.whatisyourpenpal'shobbyC.whatdoyoudoafterclassD.howyouimproveyourwriting3.一Excuseme,canyoutellme?(咸寧)一Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.WhynotsearchtheInternetforinformation?A.howdoessmog（霧霾）comeintobeing B.wherethenationalspacestationliesC.whyaretigersbecomingfewernowD.howmanyyearsdidtheQinempirelast4.Iwonder________.(濟(jì)寧)A.iftheprogramReadersispopularB.howdoestheprogramReaderssucceedC.whendidtheprogramReadersbeginD.whetheristheprogramReaderspopular5.Canyoutellme______?(懷化)A.WhatdoestheBeltandRoadmeanB.WhattheBeltandRoadmeansC.WhatwilltheBeltandRoadmean6.—I'dliketoknow______fortheparty.（武漢)—Ihavenoidea.A.whydidshebuysolittlefood B.whatshehaspreparedC.whetherwillshedance D.whenissheleaving2.賓語從句連接詞的選擇賓語從句連接詞的選擇可從兩個(gè)方面把握：一是連接詞在從句中作不做成分，如果作成分，作什么成分；二是連接詞在從句中有無意義，有何意義。詳見下表：連接詞作用意義That××if/whether×√是否what/which/who/whom/whose/howmany/howmuch√主語、賓語、表語、定語√什么/哪一個(gè)/誰、誰的、多少when/where/how/why√狀語√何時(shí)/何地/怎樣、為什么另外，語境和答語也是判斷賓語從句連接詞的依據(jù)。1.Thechildrensaid

_______

they_______

themselvesverymuch.A.if;enjoyB.why;enjoyedC.what;enjoyD.that;enjoyed2.—Listen!Itisstillnoisyintheheadteacher’soffice.—Goandsee________theyhavefinishedcorrectingthepapersyet.A.thatB.whetherC.whenD.how3.—Couldyoutellme_________sheislookingfor?—Hercousin,Susan.thatB.whoseC.whoD.which4.It’suptoyoutodecide_______you’llgothere,byairorbyroad.

A.how

B.why

C.that

D.when5.—Canyoutellme?(東營)—ItwillbebuilttohelpworkoutbigcityproblemsinBeijing.A.ifXiong’anNewAreawillbebuilt B.WhenwewillbuildXiong’anNewAreaC.whyXiong’anNewAreawillbebuiltD.whatwillhappentothepeopleinXiong’anNewArea6.—Excuseme，Iwonder___________.(德州)一Yes,it’snearthebookstore.A.wherewewillgofortheholidayB.ifthereisalostandfoundofficeC.whenshewillgivemeacallD.howwecangotoHongKong7.—Boy,yourheadteacherhassetupaWeChatgroup.Couldyoutellme________?(濰坊)—OK.I’llteachyou.It’ssoeasy.A.howIjoinitB.whyhesetsitupC.whatitisusedforD.whenitwassetup8.—Couldyoutellme_______?(呼和浩特)—BysearchingtheInternet.A.howdidCarlgetthenewsB.whyCarlgotthenewsC.howCarlgotthenewsD.whydidCarlgetthenews9.—Doesanyoneknowthefamousscientistwasborn?（資陽）—Iknow!InNewYork.A.whenB.whyC.whetherD.where10.Everyoneplaysanimportantpartinsociety.Asmembers,weshouldtryourbesttodo______tomaketheworldbetterandbetter.(龍東)A.whatweshoulddo B.whatshouldwedo C.howweshoulddo3.賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)要和主句的時(shí)態(tài)一致。如果主句是過去時(shí)態(tài)，賓語從句也要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)。一般情況下，可根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語來確定時(shí)態(tài)，如無明確的時(shí)間狀語，則可根據(jù)語境來判斷賓語從句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間。如果題干是人物對話，則答語也是判斷賓語從句時(shí)態(tài)的依據(jù)之一。另外，因?yàn)橘e語從句表示將來要用一般將來時(shí)，而狀語從句表示將來要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以要注意把賓語從句和狀語從句區(qū)分開來，如果從句性質(zhì)判斷錯(cuò)了，答案自然就錯(cuò)了。1.—Judy,couldyoutellme________theschoolbag.(北京)—Oh,yes.IboughtitinastoreontheInternet.A.wheredidyoubuyB.wherewillyoubuyC.whereyouboughtD.whereyouwillbuy2.—Doyouknow__________atthistimelastnight?(六盤水)—Sorry,Idon’tknow.A.whatsheisdoing B.whatshewasdoingC.whatisshedoing D.whatwasshedoing3.Charliefinallytoldme___________.(烏魯木齊)A.whyhewasangrywithmeB.whathewilldothisweekendC.whodidheplayvolleyballwithD.whendoeshegettoschool4.—Haveyoudecided_________thissummerholiday?（淮安)—Yes.ToParis.A.wheredoyougoB.whereyougoC.wherewillyougoD.whereyouwillgo5.—IwanttoknowmoreaboutHongKong.Canyoutellme?(長春)—In1997.A.whendiditreturntoChinaB.whenitreturnedtoChinaC.whendoesitreturntoChinaD.whenitreturnstoChina6.Idon’tknowifEric_______thisSunday.Ifhe_____here,I’llcallyouatonce.(眉山)A.willcome;willcomeB.come;comesC.comes;willcomeD.willcome;comes7.Idon'tknowwhenhe________back.Pleasetellmewhenhe________back.(宜賓)A.comes;comesB.comes;willcomeC.willcome;comes8.Couldyoutelluswhere______thedayaftertomorrow?(黔東南）A.youwillgoB.willyougoC.youhavegoneD.youwent考點(diǎn)二.定語從句在主句中作定語的句子叫定語從句。引導(dǎo)定語從句的連接詞叫關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞分為關(guān)系代詞指和關(guān)系副詞。中考對于定語從句的考查主要在于關(guān)系詞的選擇和定語從句中的主謂一致。關(guān)系代詞who,whom,which,that,whose引導(dǎo)定語從句定語從句對關(guān)系詞的考查主要是關(guān)系代詞指，關(guān)系代詞主要有who,whom,which,that和whose。關(guān)系代詞指的選擇可以從兩個(gè)方面入手，一是作用，二是先行詞所指。詳見下表：關(guān)系代詞作用指代Who主語、賓語人Whom賓語人Which主語、賓語人、物That主語、賓語人、物Whose定語人、物1.WeshouldlookuptothosescientistssentTianzhou-1CargoSpaceship(天舟一號(hào)貨運(yùn)飛船)tospace.(岳陽)A.whichB.whoC.what2.Themancalledyesterdaywantstobuythehouse.(株洲)A.whoB.whatC.which3.HaveyouheardabouttheTVprogramReader_____isverypopularnow?(永州)A.which B.who C.where4.I’dliketotellyouaboutthetablemanners________youshouldknowwhenyouvisitFrance.(濱州)A.which B.who C.what D.how5.YesterdayMr.Greenwenttohishometownandvisitedtheoldhouse______hewasbornin.(泰安)A.whichB.whereC.whatD.it6.Thisisaheartwarmingstoryaboutaboy_____savedhismother'slife.（十堰）A.which B.who C.whose D.whom2.定語從句中的主謂一致問題關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，便涉及到主謂一致的問題。定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞與其先行詞在人稱和數(shù)上要保持一致。因此，準(zhǔn)確辨識(shí)先行詞是解決這一問題的關(guān)鍵。1.Aliceprefersstoriesthat_____shortandfunny.(遂寧)A.are B.is C.was D.were2.—Whatkindofmoviesdoyouprefer?(濰坊)—Ipreferthemovies________mesomethingtothinkabout.A.whichgiveB.thatgivesC.thatgivesD.whogives3.Mycousinisaboy__________lotsoftroubletohisparents.（丹東）A.whobring B.whichbrings C.whobrings D.thatbring鞏固練習(xí)：1.—Doyouknow________themanwithsunglassesis?（永州）—I’mnotsure.Maybeareporter.A.whoB.whatC.whereD.how2.一Doyouknow________TheBeltandRoadForum(“一帶一路”高峰論壇）began?(連云港)—OnMay14th,2017.A.that B.when C.if D.where3.—Doyouknowthemaniscookinginthekitchen?(銅仁)—Sure.Heismyuncle.A.whose B.which C.who D.whom4..Mom,haveyouseenmytoybear?Idon’tknow______Ihaveleftit.(蘇州)A.why B.when C.how D.where5.—Couldyoupleasetellme______“TheReader”,aTVprogrammehostedbyDongQing?—Well,itisfunandteachesusalotofknowledge.(泰州)A.howdopeoplelike B.howpeoplelikedC.whydomanypeoplelikeD.whymanypeoplelike6.—Helen,couldyoutellme_____livinginthecountryside?(宿遷)—Perhapsnextweekend.A.whyyouwillvisitourgranny B.whenwillyouvisityourgrannyC.whenyouwillvisityourgranny D.whywillyouvisityourgranny7.TodayisFather’sDay,I’mthinkingabout__________.(鹽城)A.whatpresentIgavemyfatherB.ifIplannedapartyformyfatherC.howIcangivemyfatherasurpriseD.wherewillmyfatherandIhaveabigmeal8.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme_______?(揚(yáng)州)—Well,there’soneonyourleft.A.whenthebankopens B.wherethebankisC.howfaristhebank D.howcanIgettothebank9.Father’sDayiscoming.I’mthinkingabout_________.(濱州)A.whatpresentIgavehim B.wherewillwehaveabigmealC.ifIplannedapartyforhim D.howIwillgivehimasurprise10.—Excuseme,couldyoutellme