專題23 主謂一致-中考英語語法單項選擇題專項突破（原卷版）

主謂一致是指主語和謂語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。主謂一致的基本原則是：單數(shù)主語謂語用單數(shù)，復數(shù)主語謂語用復數(shù)。中考對主謂一致的考查非常靈活，除對主謂一致的基本規(guī)則考查外，還考查學生對主語的辨識能力，主要是在主語前后添加修飾語。主要有：主語前有分數(shù)、百分數(shù)或數(shù)量詞修飾；主語后有各種短語，尤其是介詞短語修飾；定語從句中準確辨識先行詞等?？键c一.單數(shù)主語謂語動詞用單數(shù)主語是一個單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞、一個不可數(shù)名詞、一個動名詞（短語）、一個不定式短語或一個主語從句時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。1.Listen!Thelittlegirl_______singingintheroom.(齊齊哈爾)A./ B.are C.is2.—Excuseme,sir,smokinginthegasstation.(安順)—Oh,I’mawfullysorry.A.doesn’tallow B.isallowedC.aren'tallowed D.isn’tallowed3.John_______asoccer.(綏化)A.have B.has C.is考點二帶有修飾語的主謂一致主語后有短語或從句修飾時，這些修飾語不影響主語的人稱和數(shù)；主語前的修飾語一般情況下也不影響主語的人稱和數(shù)。但是主語前有數(shù)量詞時，謂語動詞應與數(shù)量詞在數(shù)上保持一致；“anumberof+復數(shù)名詞”做主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)，“thenumberof+復數(shù)名詞”做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。1.Weallknowthatoneoftheworld’smostpopularsports______football.(貴陽)A.am B.is C.are2.Look!There_________apairofglassesandtwoboxesonthetable.（丹東）A.is B.are C.was D.were3.Anumberofvisitors________visitingtheWestLakeandthenumberofthevisitors_________increasing.(齊齊哈爾)A.are,is B.is,are C.are,are4.Inourcity,thenumberoftheteachers________about2,000,butonlyabout_______ofthemarementeachers.(眉山)A.is;sevenhundredsB.are;sevenhundredC.is;sevenhundredD.are;sevenhundreds考點三“分數(shù)/百分數(shù)+of+名詞”作主語的主謂一致“分數(shù)/百分數(shù)+of+名詞”做主語時，如果分數(shù)、百分數(shù)說明的是不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，則謂語動詞用單數(shù)，如果說明的是可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)，則謂語動詞用復數(shù)。1.—Mum,________oftheapples_______gonebad.(安順)—We’dbettereatuptherestassoonaspossible.A.onethird;have B.onethirds;haveC.onethird;has D.firstthree;has2.________ofthelandinthattown_________coveredwithtreesandgrass.(達州)A.Twofifth,is B.Twofifth,are C.Twofifths,is D.Twofifths，are3.—Mum,______ofmyclassmates_____glasses.(宿遷)—Oh,myGod.Youneedtoprotectyoureyeswell.A.three-fourths;wears B.three-fourth;wearC.three-fourth;wears D.three-fourths;wear考點四并列主語的主謂一致由or,either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso等連接的名詞或代詞作主語時，謂語動詞要和最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。1.NotonlymyparentsbutalsomysistercrazyabouttheTVplayInTheNameofPeople.(長沙)A.isB.areC.havebeen2.NeitherJimnorTom______Australiabefore,buttheyknowthecountryverywell.(泰州)A.hasgoneto B.hasbeento C.havegoneto D.havebeento3.—DoyouenjoythesongssungbyJayChou?(鎮(zhèn)江)—Ofcourse.NotonlyIbutalsomyparentshisfans.A.am B.are C.was D.were考點五后跟介詞短語的主謂一致主語后接with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,like,suchas,besides,but,except,including,inadditionto,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan等介詞或結構引起的短語時，主語不受這些短語的影響，謂語動詞由主語的單復數(shù)而定。1.Mary_________ismyfriend,aswellashersisters,_______ChineseinChina.(呼和浩特)A.that;arestudyingB.which;havestudiedC.who;studyD.who;studies2.OnegreatthingaboutSingapore,unlikemostotherAsiancountries,______thatthetemperatureisalmostthesameallyearround.(攀枝花)A.are B.is C.was D.were考點六定語從句和倒裝句中的主謂一致定語從句的謂語動詞與其先行詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，因此，要準確辨識先行詞。倒裝句中，主語在謂語動詞的后面，應注意辨識。倒裝句中的主謂一致主要考查Therebe句型。1.定語從句中的主謂一致定語從句的謂語動詞與其先行詞在人稱和數(shù)上要保持一致。1.Aliceprefersstoriesthat_____shortandfunny.(遂寧)A.are B.is C.was D.were2.—Whatkindofmoviesdoyouprefer?(濰坊)—Ipreferthemovies________mesomethingtothinkabout.A.whichgiveB.thatgivesC.thatgivesD.whogives3.Mycousinisaboy__________lotsoftroubletohisparents.（丹東）A.whobring B.whichbrings C.whobrings D.thatbring2.Therebe句型中的主謂一致Therebe句型中，be動詞后面是主語，如果是并列主語，謂語動詞與最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。1.Look!There________aphotoofourEnglishteacherintoday'snewspaper!(南京）A.is B.are C.have D.has2.— ________thereanythingnewintoday’sQianzhongMorningDaily?(安順)—No.Butthere someinspiringstoriesworthreading.A.Is;is B.Are;are C.Is;are D.Are;is3.There________abookandfourpensonthedesk.(黔東南）A.has B.is C.are D.have考點七其他形式的主謂一致除注意以上考點外，還應注意一些小的考點：表示時間、距離、價格等復數(shù)名詞作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)；“the+形容詞/分詞”作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)；class,family,group,team,crowd等集合名詞作主語時，如果看作整體，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，如果看作個體，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。1.Twomonths________alongtime.Wecanvisitourgrandparentsduringthevacation.(宜賓)A.amB.isC.are2.Threeyears_______andwe’vemadesomanyfriendsduringourjuniorschool.(恩施)A.haspassed B.haspast C.havepassed3.Inolddays,thepoor_______forthebossforover18hoursaday.(恩施)A.wasmadetobeworked B.weremadework C.weremadetowork4.Tom’sfamilyisabigone.AndthefamilytogethertohaveabigdinneronChristmasEveeveryyear.(遵義)A.get B.gets C.got鞏固練習：1.Thereanamusementparknearmyhome.Ioftenseechildrenplaythere.(長春)A.amB.isC.areD.be2.Thenumberofthestudents__________over2000inourschool.(六盤水)A.is B.are C.he D.Were3.—What’sinthepicture?(銅仁)—Thereateacherandsomestudentsplayinggamesontheplayground.A.is B.are C.has D.have4.—Theremanyforeignstudentsinherclass.(營口)—Yes.Iknowtwoofthemare.A.are；JapaneseB.is；AustralianC.are；GermanyD.is；America5.Don’tworry.There_____