2025屆高考英語二輪專題闖關(guān)導(dǎo)練50分閱讀理解提分練七含解析

PAGE50分閱讀理解提分練(七)閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。A[2024·一般高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試(模擬卷)]WhygotoMadrid?Theremaybeaslightchill(寒冷)intheair,withtemperaturesstayingaround15℃inMarch,butSpain'shandsomecapitalisslowlystartingtowarmup.Evenmoreattractivearetheculturalevents.AnewexhibitiononthelivingandworkingspacesofSpain'sgreatestartist,Picasso,hasjustopenedinthestudioattheFundaciónMapfreatPaseodeRecoletos23.Itrunsuntil11Maywithrarelyseenpiecesborrowedfromhisfamily.Laterthissummer,theanniversaryofthedeathoftheRenaissance(文藝復(fù)興)painterElGrecowillbemarkedwithanexcitingexhibitionattheMuseodelPradoatPaseodelPradofrom24Juneto5October.Howtogo?ThewidestrangeofflightsisofferedbyEasyJet—fromBristol,Edinburgh,Gatwick,LiverpoolandLuton.BritishAirwaysanditssisterairlineIberiacombineforcesfromHeathrowandLondonCity.RyanairfliesfromManchesterandStansted;AirEuropafliesfromGatwick.BarajasAirportis12kmnorth-eastofthecitycentreandisservedbyfrequenttrainsonMetroline8,buttheshortestundergroundjourneyisabitcomplexwithatleastonechangeatNuevosMinisteriosstationandtakesabout30minutes.Thefaretoanystationinthecitycentreis4.50.Theairportexpressbusrunsevery15to35minutesaroundtheclock;5oneway.Ittakes40minutestoreachthecitycentre.Ataxitakeshalfthetime.Aflatrateof30coversmostofcentralMadrid.1．WhenwilltheexhibitionaboutPicassoclose?A．On23March.B．On11May.C．On24June.D．On5October.2．WhichairlineoperatesflightsfromManchestertoMadrid?A．EasyJet.B．Ryanair.C．AirEuropa.D．BritishAirways.3．WhatisthefastestwaytoreachcentralMadridfromBarajasAirport?A．Takeataxi.B．Takeacitybus.C．TakeMetroline8.D．Taketheairportexpressbus.B[2024·廣州市一般中學(xué)畢業(yè)班綜合測試(一)]Adrianaputdowntheknife,steppedbackandlookedatherfinishedpainting.Shewasusuallyherownworstcritic,buttodayAdrianawaspleasedwithwhatshesaw.Sunsetwasherbestworkyet!Notthatherclassmateswouldagree.Theirreactiontoherabstractartwasalways“What'sthatsupposedtobe？”or“Artistsusebrushestopaint,notknives,stringandcloth”.Still,shedidn'tcare.Adrianapaintedtopleaseherself,notothers.WhensheshowedtheworktoMr.Marcus,herhighschoolartteacher,thenextday,heshookhisheadandsaidsternly,“Please,Adriana,I'vehadenoughofthis.”AnyonehearingthiscommentanditstonewouldnaturallythinkMr.Marcuswascriticizingherwork,butitwashisfrustrationspeaking.HelovedAdriana'spaintingsandhadrepeatedlybeggedhertoshowthempublicly.Shealwaysrefused.Asherhighschoolgraduationapproached,however,Adrianabeganworryingaboutuniversity.Herparentswouldcoverherstudyfees,butAdrianaplannedtopayforheruniversitybooks,artsuppliesandaccommodationherself.So,thistime,whenMr.Marcusmadethesuggestion,Adrianaagreed.AdisbelievinggrinappearedonMr.Marcus'sface.Thefollowingday,aftercheckingthenewspapersandvisitingseverallocalrealestateoffices,AdrianaandMr.Marcuswanderedaroundthetownlookingforasuitablelocation.Finally,though,theycouldnotfindanythingwithintheirpricerange.Attheday'send,thepairenteredasmallcoffeeshoptorest.Mr.MarcuscouldseethedisappointmentonAdriana'sfaceand,asawomancametotaketheirorder,said,“Don'tworry.We'llfindsomewheretoshowyourart.”O(jiān)nhearingthis,thewomansaid,“Didyousayart?Youknowweshowlocalartists'worksrighthereinthecafe，”pointingtothepaintingshangingonthewalls.“Bringafewofyourpiecesaroundtomorrowformetolookat.I'mSusanbytheway,theowner.”AfterthankingSusanforheroffer,AdrianaandMr.Marcusleftthecafeinamazement.ThenextmorningAdrianabroughtalongSunsetandMr.MarcusthetwopaintingsofAdriana'she'dpurchasedearlierthatyear.Susanstudiedthepaintingsinsilence,concentratinghardoneachone.Afterwhatfeltlikealifetime,sheturnedtoAdrianaandsaid,“I'dbehonouredtohangtheseinmycafe.”4．WhatcanwelearnaboutAdrianafromthefirstparagraph?A．Shewasveryindependentinherthinking.B．Shewasnotverypopularwithherclassmates.C．Shewaseasilyaffectedbyotherpeople'sopinions.D．Shewasveryconfidentinherownartisticabilities.5．WhatwasMr.Marcus'sopinionofAdriana'spaintings?A．Stronglycritical.B．Verypositive.C．Somewhatfrustrating.D．Alittleconfusing.6．WhydidAdrianafinallyagreetoshowherartworks?A．Herhighschoolgraduationwasgettingnearer.B．ShefeltguiltyabouttroublingMr.Marcus.C．Herparentswereindesperateneedofmoney.D．Shewantedtohelpsupportherselfduringuniversity.7．Adrianafinallyfoundaplacetoshowherartworksmainlybecauseof________.A．friendlyencouragementB．strongdeterminationC．carefulplanningD．goodluckC[2024·福州市中學(xué)畢業(yè)班質(zhì)量檢測]Braindiseaseresearchcouldbespedupusingasmartphone-controlled“plug-and-play”neuralimplant(神經(jīng)植入物)inventedbyscientistsfromtheUSAandSouthKorea.Theresearchers,whocomeprimarilyfromtheKoreaAdvancedInstituteofScienceandTechnology(KAIST)andtheUniversityofWashington,designedthesoftdevicetodeliverdrugsorcolouredlightsdirectlytotargetneurons(神經(jīng)元),withthegoalofacceleratingdiscoveryaboutaddiction,depressionandpain.TheLEDsinvolvedaresmallerthanagrainofsalt,andthedrugsaredeliveredbytinychannelswiththethicknessofahumanhair.Forresearchers,themainadvantageofthenewwirelessimplantiseaseofuse.Theinventorsdescribeitsreplaceabledrugtubeas“Lego-like”and“plug-and-play”，whiletheset-uphappensoveran“elegant,simple”smartphoneinterface(界面)．Forthesubjects—mice,incurrenttesting—thesmall,softdevicewon'timpedemovementandissafertouseovertime.Currentdevicesusedinthisfieldarerigid,sotheycausedamageinsoftbraintissueovertime.Withthenewdevice,scientistscannowmonitoroneareaofthebrainovermuchlongerperiods,andwiththetestsubjectsmovingfreely.“Itallowsustobetteranalyzetheneuralbasisofbehaviourinvariousways，”saidMichaelBruchas,aprofessorattheUniversityofWashingtonwhoheadstheBruchasLab.“Wearealsoeagertousethedevicetohelpusdevelopnewtreatmentsforpain,addictionandemotionaldisorders.”Theresearchers,whopublishedtheirfindingsinthejournalNatureBiomedicalEngineering,createdtheimplantforlaboratoryusewithanimalsbutwouldliketodevelopthetechnologyforclinicalapplicationsinthefuture,meaningonedayasimilardevicecouldbetestedonhumans.TheirinventioncomesafterthreeyearsofcooperationbetweentheJeongResearchGroupatKAISTinDaejeonandtheBruchasLabinSeattle.Theformerspecializesinsoftelectronicsforwearableandimplantabledevices,whilethelatterisaresearchlaboratoryfocusingonstress,depression,addiction，painandotherdiseases.8．Howdoesthedevicework?A．Itlocatesacertainpositioninneurons.B．Itdirectlycuresthedamagedneurons.C．Itdeliversdrugsthroughahumanhair.D．Itdirectlycontrolscolouredlights.9．Whichisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedword“impede”inParagraph4?A．Destroy.B．Increase.C．Improve.D．Prevent.10．Whatcanwelearnaboutthedevice?A．Ithelpstoobservethewholebrainwork.B．Ithasbeentestedonhumanstodealwithpain.C．Ithelpstofindnewwaystotreatsomediseases.D．IthasbeeninventedbytheBruchasLab.11．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．ABrainNeuralImplantControlledbyaSmartphoneB．ANewSmartphoneThatControlstheBrainC．TheDevelopmentinExploringtheBrainD．ANewCurefortheBrainDiseaseD[2024·鄭州市中學(xué)畢業(yè)年級其次次質(zhì)量預(yù)料]“WhenIwas16yearsold,IwasdivinginGreece,butIwasdisappointedbecauseIsawmoreplasticbagsthanfish.”ThesearethewordsofBoyanSlat,anengineerwhodesignedtheworld'sfirstoceanplasticcleanupsystem.Everyyear,morethan8milliontonsofplasticsendupinouroceans,accordingtotheUNEnvironmentProgramme.Itispredictedthattheweightofoceanplasticswillmatchtheweightofallthefishinouroceansby2050.Topreventthisfromhappening,in2013SlatcreatedTheOceanCleanup,anenvironmentalnongovernmentalorganization,andputhisplanforanoceancleanupdeviceintoaction.AfteryearsofresearchanddevelopmentintheNetherlands,adevicecalledSystem001/BsuccessfullystartedgatheringplasticsonOctober2,2024.Thedeviceusesa600-meter-longC-shapedtubetogatherallthefloatingrubbish.Unlikeothercleanupmethods,thesystemfloatsfreelyaccordingtothedirectionofthewaves,whichallowswastetoflowintoandstaywithinthedevice.Aseaanchorisattachedtoeitherend.Thisslowsdownthesystemasitfloatsthroughthewaterandallowsthefaster-movingrubbish,carriedbythewaves,toflowintoitsmouth.System001/Bcanalsocollectwastebelowthesurfaceusinga3-meter-deepskirt(擋板)attachedtotheend.Afterbeinggathered,thetrashwillbedraggedbacktotheshorebyboatandrecycled.Rightnow,thesystemoperatesintheGreatPacificGarbagePatch,anareathatisthreetimesthesizeofFrance.Onceoperational,TheOceanCleanupexpectsafullfleettobeabletoclear50%oftheGreatPacificGarbagePatchin5years.“Itremainstobeseenwhetherthisdreamwillbecomeareality,butitisundeniablethathumanitymustworktogethertoreduceourplasticuseandrepairthedamageourwastehascaused，”Slatsaid.“Wearestartingtoseeayounggenerationthatgetsitandisexcitedaboutasustainable(可持續(xù)的)future,butthequestionstillcomesdownto:Arewegoingfastenough,andhowmuchdamagewillhavebeendonebeforewegetthere？”12．Theunderlinedword“match”inParagraph2probablymeans“________”．A．compareB．equalC．measureD．cover13．WhydidBoyanSlatcreateTheOceanCleanup?A．Tocollectoceanplasticwaste.B．TohelptoinventSystem001/B.C．Toprotectthelivingenvironmentoffish.D．Todoresearchontheoceanenvironment.14．WhatcanweknowaboutSystem001/B?A．Itcancollectandrecyclegarbageatthesametime.B．Itcanonlygatheroceanwastewhichfloatsonthewater.C．ItaimstoclearuptheGreatPacificGarbagePatchinfiveyears.D．Itisanocean-cleaningdevicewhichhasalreadybeenputtouse.15．WhatdoesSlatwanttotellusaccordingtothelastparagraph?A．Younggenerationscarelessabouttheenvironment.B．Thefutureecologyoftheoceanisdeeplyworrying.C．Peopleshouldworkhardtodecreaseplasticpollution.D．It'squitedifficulttorepairthedamagetotheenvironment.其次節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。[2024·綿陽市中學(xué)第三次診斷性考試]HowtoExerciseExerciseisakeypartofstayinghealthy,butfiguringouthowtogetmoreactivecanbetough.__16__.Alwayslistentoyourbody'slimits,andaskyourdoctorforadviceincaseofanymedicalissues.Importantly,createanexerciseroutine.__17__.Whenyouwarmup,targetthemusclesyouplanonexercising,butuselessintensemovements.Forinstance,walkfor5to10minutesbeforejoggingordoingalowerbodyworkout.Trytoget30minutesofaerobicexerciseperday.Asaruleofthumb,youshouldgetatleast30minutesofmoderatelyintenseaerobicexercisedaily.Examplesincludegoingforbriskwalksandajog,running,cyclingandswimming.Includestrengthtrainingatleast2daysperweek.Strengthtraininginvolvesusingfreeweights,resistancebands,oryourownbodyweighttostrengthenyourmuscles.Forstarters,trydoingupperandlowerbodyworkouts1dayaweek.__18__.Mixupyourroutinetokeepthingsinteresting.__19__.Thatcanmotivateyoutostayontrack.Additionally,switchingyourworkoutswillexerciseyourentirebodyandhelppreventinjury.Walkfor5to10minutesandstretchtocooldown.__20__.Cooldownbywalkingfor5to10minutesandstretchingthemusclesyourworkouttargets.A．AdjustyourroutinetoyourlevelB．Warmupfor5to10minutesbeforeworkingoutC．Ifyou'renotusedtophysicalactivity,startslowD．VaryingyouractivitiescanhelpkeepyoufromgettingboredE．Graduallyinclude3to4strengthtrainingdaysintheweeklyroutineF．YoucandostrengthtrainingathomeoruseresistancemachinesatalocalgymG．Youneedgentlerexercisestoeaseyourbodyfromworkinghardtobeingatrest50分閱讀理解提分練(七)閱讀理解第一節(jié)A語篇類型：應(yīng)用文主題語境：人與社會——旅游——去馬德里旅游[文章大意]介紹了去馬德里旅游的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。1．答案與解析：B考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)WhygotoMadrid？部分中的“AnewexhibitiononthelivingandworkingspacesofSpain'sgreatestartist,Picasso”“Itrunsuntil11Maywithrarelyseenpiecesborrowedfromhisfamily.”可知，有關(guān)畢加索生活和工作的地方的展覽會持續(xù)到5月11日，故選B。2．答案與解析：B考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)Howtogo？部分中的“RyanairfliesfromManchesterandStansted”可知，Ryanair航空公司經(jīng)營從曼徹斯特到馬德里的航線。故選B。3．答案與解析：A考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Metroline8...takesabout30minutes.”“Theairportexpressbus...takes40minutes”“Ataxitakeshalfthetime.”可知，乘坐Metroline8須要大約30分鐘，乘坐機場特快公共汽車須要40分鐘，乘坐出租車須要20分鐘。由此可知，乘坐出租車是最快的。故選A。B語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與自我——人物故事——中學(xué)生Adriana的畫展[文章大意]中學(xué)生Adriana酷愛繪畫，她的得意之作是《日落》，盡管她的同班同學(xué)不認同她的抽象藝術(shù)作品，但她的美術(shù)老師Mr.Marcus喜愛她的作品，并一再懇求她公開地展出她的繪畫作品，但她總是拒絕。不過隨著中學(xué)畢業(yè)的來臨，Adriana安排自己支付上高校所需的一部分費用，于是接受了Mr.Marcus要她開畫展的建議。然后他們起先找尋合適的地方來展出她的作品，經(jīng)過一番努力又加上機緣巧合，她的作品最終能在一家咖啡館里展出。4．答案與解析：A考查推理推斷。依據(jù)第一段，尤其是最終兩句“Still,shedidn'tcare.Adrianapaintedtopleaseherself,notothers.”可知，盡管她的同班同學(xué)不認同她的抽象藝術(shù)作品，Adriana并不在意，她畫畫是為了取悅自己，不是為了取悅別人。據(jù)此可推知，Adriana是一個很有主見的人，故A項正確。依據(jù)第一段其次句中的“Shewasusuallyherownworstcritic”可知，Adriana通常是自己最苛刻的指責(zé)者，故D項錯誤。5．答案與解析：B考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)其次段倒數(shù)其次句“HelovedAdriana'spaintingsandhadrepeatedlybeggedhertoshowthempublicly.”可知，Marcus先生喜愛Adriana的畫，曾一再懇求她公開地展出她的繪畫作品。故B項正確。6．答案與解析：D考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)第三段，尤其是其次句“Herparentswouldcoverherstudyfees,butAdrianaplannedtopayforheruniversitybooks,artsuppliesandaccommodationherself.”可知，盡管Adriana的父母能支付她的學(xué)費，但她安排自己支付高校書本費、美術(shù)用品費和住宿費。據(jù)此可知，她最終同意展出自己的作品是因為她想自己掙錢以支付一部分高校費用，故D項正確。7．答案與解析：D考查推理推斷。依據(jù)第五段的內(nèi)容，尤其是第三句“Onhearingthis,thewomansaid,‘Didyousayart?Youknowweshowlocalartists'worksrighthereinthecafe’”可知，咖啡店的老板Susan聽到了Mr.Marcus說的話，然后告知他們自己的咖啡店里就展出當(dāng)?shù)厮囆g(shù)家的作品。據(jù)此可以推知，Adriana最終找到了一個能展出她的繪畫作品的地方主要是因為運氣好，故D項正確。C語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會——科學(xué)技術(shù)——大腦神經(jīng)植入管[文章大意]科學(xué)家研制出了一種由智能手機限制的即插即用的大腦神經(jīng)植入管，它能加速大腦疾病方面的探討。8．答案與解析：A考查細微環(huán)節(jié)理解。依據(jù)其次段第一句中的“designedthesoftdevicetodeliverdrugsorcolouredlightsdirectlytotargetneurons(神經(jīng)元),withthegoalofacceleratingdiscoveryaboutaddiction,depressionandpain”可知，該裝置可以將藥物或彩色燈干脆傳輸?shù)侥繕?biāo)神經(jīng)元。由此可知，該裝置在神經(jīng)元中能精確找出某一個位置，故選A。9．答案與解析：D考查詞義揣測。依據(jù)第四段“Forthesubjects...thesmall,softdevicewon'timpedemovementandissafertouseovertime.”以及第五段其次句中的“andwiththetestsubjectsmovingfreely”可知，“won'timpedemovement”與“movingfreely”所表達的意義相近，表示“不會阻礙運動”，由此可知，畫線詞的含義與D項含義相近。10．答案與解析：C考查推理推斷。依據(jù)第六段最終一句“Wearealsoeagertousethedevicetohelpusdevelopnewtreatmentsforpain,addictionandemotionaldisorders.”可知，該裝置能幫助人類研發(fā)新的治療方法，以治療難受、上癮以及心情障礙，故選C。11．答案與解析：A考查標(biāo)題推斷。依據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容可知，科學(xué)家獨創(chuàng)了一種由智能手機限制的即插即用的神經(jīng)植入管，它可以加速大腦疾病方面的探討，下文具體介紹了這項獨創(chuàng)的相關(guān)狀況。由此可知