Unit3 詞匯精講課堂

詞匯課堂

版本：新人教單元：選擇性必修二

Unit3重難點詞association音譯詞搭配義consume熟詞生義正式用語一詞多義trick名詞動詞化名詞后綴-(e)rconsist&consistent一詞多義詞根viv/vit分詞形容詞話題詞匯stuff名詞動詞化fundamental搭配義根據(jù)所給漢語，在空白處填入適當?shù)膯卧~或詞塊。Upto70%ofyourtotalbodyweight______________________________________________________________（由……構成）water.comprises/iscomprisedofismadeupof/consistsof正式用語consistconsistin［正式用語］在于；存在于：Happinessconsistsincontentment.Successconsistsintheabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.2014福建consistof由……構成；由……組成：HowmanycountriesdoestheUKconsistof?Lifeconsistsofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.2008

遼寧改consistvi［不用于進行時和被動語態(tài)］consistentadj（人、言行、文章等）前后一致的；始終如一的；連續(xù)的:Makesurethatthetensesareconsistent.Remember,evenworldchampionathletespracticetheirskillsonaconsistentbasis.2020山東beconsistentwithsth與某物相一致；與某物相吻合：Thepatternofinjuriesisconsistentwithanattackwithaknife.詞匯拓展consistentlyadv

始終如一地；一貫地stuffn[U]東西；物品：There’ssomereallygoodstuffupthere.2018天津vt把……填（滿）；給……填餡：Istuffedafewclothesintoasuitcase.Thepillowwasstuffedwithfeathers.名詞動詞化名詞動詞化（一）寫出下列句子中畫線詞的漢語釋義。1.Tomakeahamsandwich,sliceapieceofhamandthenputitbetweentwoslicesofbread.__________2.Whatisthestuffwhichyouhavejuststuffed

intoyoursuitcase?__________3.Thedrivertoldthemanwhowasn’twearingaseatbeltthatanypassengersinthevehiclemustbeltup.__________4.TheTVstationplanstojunkthejunkfoodadsinkids’TVprogrammes.__________

5.Inthemiddleoftheyardwasawaterpumpwherethefourlittlegirlspumpedwaterforcooking,cleaningandwateringthegarden.__________英語中有很多表示實物類的名詞可轉化為動詞，常表示具有該名詞的活動特點或性質特征的動作。切把……塞進系放棄/剔除抽出（水等）名詞動詞化（二）寫出下列句子中畫線詞的漢語釋義。1.Thesalesmantrickedtheoldladyoutofhermoneybyatrick.__________2.Itisyourfaultfornotgettingthejobdonewell.Howcanyoufaultothers?__________3.Hebudgetedforbuyinganewcarthoughhewasonatightbudget.

__________4.Whoangledthemirror?Itisatananglenow!__________

5.Theyareonhisside,butI’llsidewithyouonthisquestion.__________英語中有一些抽象名詞可轉化為動詞，常表示具有該名詞的活動特點或性質特征的動作。欺騙指責/找……的缺點編預算斜移支持consume是由con-+sume兩部分構成。前綴con-的意思是together“共同”“一起”，sume同sum，表示“買或錢數(shù)”。consume的詞源義是“一起的花費”，基本義為“消費”。consume詞源解讀consumevt

消耗；消費；耗費：Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.2020全國Lookingafterthechildren,cookingandcleaningaretime-consuming.

2008四川改

［正式用語］吃；喝：Heconsumedallthecookies.【詞匯拓展】consumern[C]消費者；用戶；客戶consumptionn[U]消費（量）；消耗（量）

正式用語與非正式用語用膳吃飯用膳吃飯非正式用語中性詞正式用語（使）花一大筆錢costalotofmoney/舉例/giveanexample參加體育運動/takepartin/be(get)involvedinsports患感冒sufferfromacold/catchacold/減少……的數(shù)量/reducetheamountof此外；而且plusinaddition/besides選擇性必修B2U1——B2U3典型詞costanarmandalegciteanexampleparticipatein/engageinsportsgo/comedownwithacolddecreasetheamountoffurthermore/moreover12associationNBA聯(lián)賽是由美國“國家籃球協(xié)會（theNationalBasketballAssociation）”創(chuàng)辦的比賽，是由北美30支職業(yè)球隊組成的男子職業(yè)籃球聯(lián)盟，是美國四大職業(yè)體育聯(lián)盟之一。其中誕生了如：邁克爾·喬丹、科比·布萊恩特、姚明等傳奇球星。associationn

[C]協(xié)會；聯(lián)盟；社團：theNationalBasketballAssociation(NBA)

[C]&[U]（與人或團體的）關聯(lián)；交往：HisEnglishimprovedrapidlybecauseofhisassociationwithBritishpeople.Weareworkinginassociationwithalocalcompanytoraisemoneyforthehomeless.

[C]聯(lián)系；聯(lián)想：Thereisaprovenassociationbetweenpassivesmokingandcancer.Disneylandhasallkindsofhappyassociationsforpeople.associatev

vt把……聯(lián)想/聯(lián)系起來toconnectsborsthinyourmindwithsborsthelse：IassociateSwitzerlandwiththeAlps.Wetendtoassociatefreshairwithhealthcare.2019全國

vi交往；結交tospendtimewithsb,especiallysbthatotherpeopledisapproveof：Idon’tlikeyouassociatingwithsuchpeople.拓展associate由as-（=ad-去）+socia（聯(lián)合）+-ate（動詞后綴）構成，其基本義是“聯(lián)合”associate&association語義網絡圖在腦海中“聯(lián)合”人或物“聯(lián)合”人際關系把……聯(lián)想/聯(lián)系起來交往；結交associate聯(lián)合（基本義）協(xié)會；聯(lián)盟；社團（與人或團體的）關聯(lián)；交往聯(lián)系；聯(lián)想associateassociation將句子譯成英語。勤奮工作是成功所必需的。Hardwork____________________________success.isessentialto/isfundamentaltofundamentalfundamentaladj基礎的；根本的；十分重大的：Colorisfundamentalinhomedesign.Freshairisfundamentaltogoodhealth.n[C]［常用復數(shù)］基本規(guī)律/原理；根本法則；基礎：thefundamentalsofmathematicstrick在西方國家，每年的10月31日，即萬圣夜（Halloween）小孩會裝扮成各種恐怖樣子，逐門逐戶按響鄰居的門鈴，大叫：“TrickorTreat!（不給糖就搗亂！）”。主人家（可能同樣穿著恐怖服裝）便會拿出一些糖果、巧克力或是小禮物。部分家庭甚至使用聲音特效和制煙機器營造恐怖氣氛。小孩一晚取得的糖果往往以袋計算，整袋整袋的搬回家。trickn[C]

詭計；花招；惡作?。篐ertearswerejustatricktodeceiveothers.Iftheneighboursdonotgiveanysweets,thechildrenmight

playatrickon

them.

戲法；把戲：performmagictricks

［常用單數(shù)］技巧；訣竅awayofdoingsththatworkswell;agoodmethod：Patience

isthetrickofdoingthisjobwell.常用搭配dothetrick［非正式用語］奏效；起作用；達到目的：Idon’tknowwhatitwasthatdidthetrick,butIamdefinitelyfeelingmuchbetter.vt欺騙；哄騙：I’dbeentrickedandIfeltstupid.Anadvertisermightbetryingtotrick

customersintobuyingaproductoraservice.名詞后綴-(e)r選出適當?shù)膯卧~，并用其正確形式填空。1.A__________issomeonewhowritesregularlyforanonlinejournalorwebsite.2.Theauthoragreesthat__________arebornwithagiftformusic.

3.Sofartheyhavefoundfew__________oftheirpointofviewoncampus.4.Stella,21,isatartschooltrainingtobeafashion__________.5.Formanyyears,illegal__________haveattackedtheelephantanditshomehasbeenreducedtosmallpiecesofland.（2010上海改）6.IlikereadingRailwayMagazineandIhavebeena__________tothemagazineformanyyears.名詞后綴-(e)r可用于動詞后，構成表示身份的名詞。此時，后綴-(e)r表示動作的實施者。blogger

subscribe,design,defend,blog,compose,huntcomposers

defenders

designer

hunters

subscriber

詞根viv/vit詞根前綴/后綴adj/v/nviv（live活）

-id：形容詞后綴vividsur-：超過survivere-：再revivevit（life生命）-al:形容詞后綴vital-amine：胺vitamin寫出下列句子中畫線單詞的漢語釋義。1.InherlatestnovelshepaintsavividpictureoflifeinVictorianEngland.__________2.Heissurvivedbyhiswife,Laurene,andfourchildren.__________3.Economistsarguedthatfreermarketswouldquicklyrevivetheregion’seconomy.__________4.TheAmazonrainforestisavitalcarbonstorethatslowsdownthepaceofglobalwarming.__________5.Whilethesun’srayscanageandharmourskin,theyalsogiveusbeneficialvitamin.（2019全國）__________

至關重要的比……活得更長使復蘇生動的維生素分詞形容詞根據(jù)提示，用所給詞的正確形式完成下列詞塊，體會分詞形容詞。1.煮雞蛋______________

eggs

2.烤肉______________meat3.切片面包______________bread4.燴面______________noodles5.清蒸魚______________fish6.沸水______________water7.多樣化的飲食a______________diet8.不同程度______________degreesboiledroastedsteamedslicedstewedboilingvariedvary,slice,steam,stew,boil,roastvarying分詞形容詞：很多動詞的-ed形式和-ing形式已經成為獨立詞條的形容詞，其中有一類分詞形容詞表示動作已經完成或動作正在進行。例如：boiled/boiling,roasted,sliced,stewed,steamed,varied/varying將上述分詞形容詞分類：

表示動作已完成：_______________________________

表示動作正在進行：_____________________________boiled,roasted,sliced,stewed,steamed,variedboiling,varying音譯詞1.卡路里________2.維他命________3.芒果

________4.吐司

________5.培根

________6.啤酒________7.布丁________8.巧克力

________9.咖啡

________10.漢堡包

________11.三明治

________12.芝士________13.曲奇

________14.酒吧

________15.咖啡館

________calorie英語是當今世界上使用最廣泛的語言，隨著我國對外交往的日益頻繁，來自英語的外來詞（借詞）日益增多。漢語所吸收的英語外來詞很多是跟日常生活密切相關的詞語，漢語中沒有與之對應的詞，翻譯時，往往會借用英語發(fā)音來翻譯。vitaminmangotoastbaconbeerpuddingchocolatecoffeehamburgersandwichcheese根據(jù)漢語寫出對應的英語。cookiebarcafé音譯詞1.

wonton

________2.tofu

________3.dimsum

________4.chowmein

________5.jiaozi________6.lichee/litchi________7.taichi________8.mahjong

________9.kungfu________10.yinyang

________11.guanxi

________12.fengshui

________餛飩英語詞匯的來源有三種：本族語（nativewords）、借詞（loan/borrowedwords）和新詞（neologism），其中，借詞和新詞是英語詞匯的新生力量的源泉。英語中也存在許多源于漢語的詞匯和表達法，其中，音譯法也是借用漢語詞匯的重要途徑。豆腐點心炒面餃子荔枝

太極麻將功夫陰陽

關系風水根據(jù)英語寫出對應的漢語。話題詞匯FoodandDietfoodbun,dimsum,dessert,dumpling,grain,hamburger,noodle,pancake,pizza,sandwich,toast;bacon,beef,haggis,ham,lamb,lambkebab,pork,redbraisedpork,sausage;beancurd,cabbage,chille,garlic,mushroom,olive,onion,,pea;fig,lemon,melon,pineapple,strawberry,watermelon,etc.butter,cheese,dough,flour,honey,jam,oil,pepper,peppercorn,salt,sugar,vinegar,etc.conveniencefood,fastfood,junk,food,organicfood,etc.cookingbakery,cafeteria,canteen,restaurant;buffet,,café,menu,order,serve,etc.beer,cocoa,coffee,Coke,dairy,drink,juice,wine,etc.chef,raw,bake,boil,cook,flavour,fry,heat,roast,slice,steam;cuisine,ingredient,recipe,etc.calorie,nutrition,protein,vitamin,etc.othersbeereatingout隨堂檢測consist&consistent一、在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。1.Therehasbeena____________(consist)improvementinherattitude.2.Theresultsareentirelyconsistent____________ourearlierresearch.3.Wehaveargued____________(consist)forachangeinthelaw.二、根據(jù)所給詞塊，將下列句子譯成英語。1.生活不僅有陽光，還有風雨。（2008遼寧改）(consistof)___________________________________________________________2.成功在于百折不撓。（2014福建）(consistin)___________________________________________________________Lifeconsistsofnotonlysunshinebutalsostorms.Successconsistsintheabilitytocontinueeffortsthroughfailures.consistentwithconsistently寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Howdoyouthinkyou’regoingtofitallthatstuffintothecar.___________2.I’vegotsomuchstufftodothisweekend.

___________3.There’ssomeverygoodmusicthere,CDsystemsandstuff,andlaserdiscs.___________4.Shestuffed

twomoresweatersintoherbag.___________5.Underherbed,theyfoundabagstuffedwithmoney.___________東西/物品

事情

等等

塞stuff裝滿

一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Only27%ofthepaperweconsumeisrecycled.___________2.Hewasconsumedwithguiltaftertheaccident.___________Marywouldconsumenearlyapoundofcheeseperday.

___________二、在空白處填入括號內單詞的正確形式。1.Cake-makingisaverytime__________(consume)process.2.Thenewtelephonerateswillaffectall__________(consume)includingbusinesses.3.Gasandoil__________(consume)alwaysincreasesincoldweather. 消耗

充滿吃consumeconsumingconsumersconsumptionassociation一、寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.ThesupportofourmembersisofgreatimportancetotheAssociation.

______________2.Shebecamefamousthroughherassociationwiththegroupofpoets.______________3.Theseasidehadallsortsofpleasantassociationswithchildhoodholidaysforme.______________二、在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~。1.Theyhave