專題15 中國(guó)歷史人物

2024年中考英語(yǔ)新熱點(diǎn)時(shí)文閱讀-中國(guó)歷史人物題型主要內(nèi)容1閱讀理解通過唐太宗知人善任的故事，說明了人才應(yīng)該被重視并用在正確的地方。2閱讀理解俞伯牙和鐘子期高山流水遇知音的故事。3閱讀理解“程門立雪”的故事，告訴我們尊重師長(zhǎng)的道理。4閱讀理解介紹了中國(guó)著名的歷史人物——諸葛亮。5閱讀理解清代偉大的女科學(xué)家——王貞儀。6閱讀理解介紹了周公以及周公以禮治國(guó)的想法及孔子對(duì)周公的看法。7閱讀理解介紹了張騫出使西域的經(jīng)歷，以及它的歷史意義。8閱讀理解介紹了古代偉大的思想家孫子以及他的著作《孫子兵法》的應(yīng)用。9閱讀理解介紹管仲利用幾匹老馬把迷路的軍隊(duì)帶出山里的故事。10閱讀理解介紹了中國(guó)古代文學(xué)家蘇軾的生平和成就，告訴我們?cè)诿鎸?duì)困難時(shí)應(yīng)該保持積極的態(tài)度。01（2022上·山東青島·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）DuringtheTangDynasty,EmperorTaizongaskedFengDeyitolookfortalentedpeople.However,severalmonthspassed,hedidn’tfindanyone.“Itriedmybest,buttherearenotunusualpeopleatall.”Fengsaid.“Peopleareliketools.Whatweneedtodoistomakegooduseoftheirtalent.Youshouldcheckyourselffornotnoticingtalentedpeople.Howcouldyousaythattherearenotalentedpeopleinourcountry?”saidtheemperor.Itisreallytruethateachtoolhasaspecificuse.Aknifeismadetocutthingswhilechopsticksaremadetopickupfood.Wecan’tuseaknifeaschopsticks.Likeatool,eachpersonhasaspecialtalent.Nobodyisperfect.Wecan’texpectapersontobegoodateverything.Withthisideainmind,EmperorTaizongdiscoveredmanytalentedpeople.Heofferedthemimportantpositions,whichhelpedthemmakethemostoftheirtalentsThetalentedpeoplehelpedthesocietydevelop.AgoodexampleisMaZhou,whogrewupinapoorfamily.Magavealotofusefuladvice,soEmperorTaizonggavehimahighpositionandpromotedhimmanytimes.Hehelpeddealwithdifficultproblemsandbecameafamouspersoninhistory.Duringthatperiod,theimportantpeoplearoundEmperorTaizong,suchagFangXuanling,WeiZhengLiJing,allwerethebrightestandthebestofthetimewiththeirownstrongpoints.EmperorTaizong’stalentedpeoplehelpedthesocietydevelopandcreateda“goldenage”.1．Whowasaskedtolookfortalentedpeoplebytheemperor?A．EmperorTaizong. B．FangXuanling. C．WeiZheng. D．FengDeyi.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“promoted”mean?A．懲罰 B．批評(píng) C．教導(dǎo) D．晉升3．Whycouldn’tFengDeyifindanytalentedpeopleinTaizong’sopinion?A．Becausehisruleswerewrong. B．Becausehedidn’tagreewiththeemperor.C．Becausehewasafraidofmakingmistakes. D．Becausetherewerenotalentedpeople.4．MaZhouisagoodexampleofpeoplewho________.A．havenotalentbutarestilluseful B．a(chǎn)reunusualandperfectC．showtalentintherightfield D．knowwhentotakeachance5．Whatisthemainmessageofthestory?A．Chanceonlycomestothosewhoareprepared.B．Talentedpeopleshouldbevaluedandledtotherightplace.C．Nothingintheworldisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.D．Appearancecanbechanged,buttalentalwaysstaysthesame.02YuBoyawasafamousmasterofgin.Hehadbeenlearningfromnaturetocreatebeautifulmelodies(曲調(diào)).Once,YutookaboattriptothestateofChu.Alongtheway,theriverwaterrushedtowardstheeast,leavingthehighmountainsbehind.ThebeautifulsceneryinspiredYu.Hetookouthisginandbegantoplay.Afterawhile,henoticedawoodsman(樵夫)standingontheriverbank,enjoyinghismusicquietly.Yuhappilyinvitedthemanintotheboat.Thewoodsmanintroducedhimself,“MynameisZhongZiqi.”Afterthat,YuplayedtheqinforZhong.Heplayedmusicthatdescribedthehighmountains.Zhongsaid,“Howwonderfulitis!Iseemtoseethemagnificent(壯麗的)MountTai.”Yuplayedmusicthatdescribedtheflowingwater.Zhongsaid,“Whatabeautifulmelody!Iseemtoseetherushingriver.”Yuwassurprisedbythewoodsman’swords.“Youreallyunderstandmymusic!”Sothemusicianandthewoodsmanbecamegoodfriends.Theydecidedtomeeteachotheragainatthesameplacethefollowingyear.Whenthedaycame,Yuarrivedontime,butdidnotseeZhong.HevisitedthevillagewhereZhonglivedandheardthathisfriendhaddiedofanillness.Yufeltverysad.HetookouthisqinandonceagainplayedthemusicofHighMountainandFlowingWater.“Mybestfriendhaspassedaway,”hesaid.“Nooneintheworldunderstandsmymusicanymore.”Hethenbrokehisginandneverplayeditagain.6．WhatdidZhongZiqidointhestory?A．Amusician. B．Acook. C．Awoodsman. D．Afisherman.7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“inspired”inParagraph2mean?A．啟迪 B．遠(yuǎn)離 C．考驗(yàn) D．期待8．WhathappenedafterYuinvitedZhongintotheboat?A．HewenttoZhong’svillage. B．HeplayedtheginforZhong.C．HevisitedMountTaiwithZhong. D．HeenjoyedthescenerywithZhong.9．Whydidn’tZhongZiqicometomeetYuagain?A．Becausehewasseriouslyill. B．Becausehewasdead.C．Becausehemetadifferentfriend. D．Becauseheforgotthemeeting.10．Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A．AGreatMusician B．HowtoPlaytheQinC．TrueFriendship D．TheImportanceofFriendship03YangShiwascleverwhenhewasachild.Heenteredschooltostudyatfourandcouldreadandwritepoemsattheageofseven.Thelocalpeoplecalledhimatalentedman.Hewaswell-knowneverywhere.Oneday,YangShiandoneofhisschoolmateshaddifferentviewsonacertainquestion.Inordertogetacorrectanswer,hewenttovisitChengYi,afamousphilosopher(哲學(xué)家).AtChengYi’shouse,however,theguardingkidsaidtohim,“Mr.Chengisnapping(睡午覺).You’dbettergobackandcomelater.”Yangreplied,“Itdoesn’tmatter.I’llwaithereforawhile.”Afterawhile,itbegantosnowheavily.However,YangkeptonstandinginthesnowandwaitingforChengsothathecouldaskChengquestions.ThelittlekidkindlyremindedYangthatChengmightnotwakeupinashorttimeandinvitedhimtowarmhimselfinthehouse.ButYangcontinuedwaitingoutsideagainstthecoldwindandthefallingsnowwithoutevenonemove.WhenChengwokeupandcameoutofhisstudy,thelittlekidreportedtohimthatYangShiwaswaitingoutsidethedoor.ChengYiaskedthekidtoletYanginrightaway.Whenthelittlekidopenedthedoor,everyonewasshocked.Thesnowoutsidewasmorethanafootdeep,butYangstillstoodtherewithoutmovinghisfeet.“Youngman,whyareyousosilly?Youcouldhavecomeagain!”ChengYisaidtoYangShiinhisstudy.“It’sOK!Asastudent,ifIwanttolearnfromthemaster,ofcourseIshouldwaitoutsidethedoor,”Yanganswered.Later,ChengYiacceptedYangShiashisstudent.11．WhencouldYangShiwritepoems?A．Afterthreeyearsofschool. B．Afterfouryearsofschool.C．Whenhewasfour. D．Attheageofsix.12．Whichistherightorderaccordingtothepassage?①TheguardingkidinvitedYangShitowarmhimself.②YangShibecameastudentofChengYi.③Itstartedtosnowheavily.④ChengYicameoutofhisstudy.A．①③④② B．③①④② C．③①②④ D．④③①②13．WhywaseveryoneshockedtoseeYangShi?A．Becausehewasplayingwithsnow. B．Becausehewasstandinginthedeepsnow.C．Becausehewasreadinginthesnow. D．Becausehewasrunninginthesnow.14．Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A．Weshouldlearntobepatienttowait. B．Wemustsolveourproblemsbyourselves.C．Westudentsshouldlearntohelpeachother. D．Westudentsshouldrespectourteachers.04（2023上·廣東深圳·九年級(jí)深圳市高級(jí)中學(xué)校考期中）ZhugeLiang,alsoknownasKongming,wasafamousandsmartpersoninancientChina.Hewasgoodatstrategyandwasveryclever.Borninthelate2ndcentury,ZhugeLangbecamewell-knownwhenhejoinedLiuBei,theleaderoftheShuKingdom,ashismainstrategist.ZhugeLiangwasreallygoodatplanningmilitaryactionsandhelpedLiuBeiwinmanybattles.ThismadetheShuKingdomoneofthethreemajorpowersatthattime.ZhugeLiangwasnotonlygoodatmilitarystrategy,butalsoskilledingovernance(統(tǒng)治),engineering,anddiplomacy(外交).Hewasknownforbeinghumbleandvirtuous(品德高尚的),whichmadepeopletrustandrespecthim.OneofZhugeLiang’smostfamousachievementswastheLongzhongPlan,astrategyhemadetoprotecttheShuKingdomfromattacksbytherivalWeiKingdom.Hesuccessfullydefendedagainstseveralinvasionsbycarefullyplanningandbuildingfortifications(防御工事).ZhugeLiang’sreputationlastedthroughhistory,andhebecamealegendaryfigureinChina,seenasthesymbolofwisdomandintelligence.Hiscontributionsandaccomplishmentscontinuetoinspirepeople,bothinChinaandworldwide.15．WhowasZhugeLiang?A．AfamousmilitarystrategistinancientChina.B．AleaderoftheWeiKingdom.C．Afamousscholar(學(xué)者)ofdiplomacy.D．AskilledengineerintheShuKingdom.16．WhichkingdomdidZhugeLiangjoinasastrategist?A．WeiKingdom. B．ShuKingdom.C．WuKingdom. D．QinKingdom.17．HowdidZhugeLianghelpLiuBei’skingdom?A．Hehelpedhiskingdomgainindependence.B．Hehelpedhiskingdombecomethemostpowerfulatthattime.C．Hehelpedhiskingdomwinmanybattles.D．Hehelpedhiskingdomestablishtraderoutes.18．WhatwasoneofZhugeLiang’smostfamousachievements?A．TheconstructionoftheGreatWall.B．Theinventionofpapermaking.C．TheideaoftheLongzhongPlan.D．TheestablishmentoftheSilkRoad.19．HowisZhugeLiangrememberedinChinesehistory?A．Asamasterofliteratureandpoetry.B．Asaskilleddiplomatandpolitician.C．Asavictorofmanykingdoms.D．Asasymbolofwisdomandintelligence.05（2023·寧夏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）AStarWoman—WangZhenyiWangZhenyi,bornin1768,wasagreatwomanscientistinQingDynasty（朝代）.Atthattime,girlscouldn’tgetgoodeducation,butherfatherencouragedhertoreadbooksandeducateherself.Shebecameinterestedinastronomy（天文學(xué)）,math,geography,medicineandpoems.In1786,shedecidedtogivemuchattentiontoastronomy,mathandpoems.Afteryearsofhardwork,sheachievedalot.WangZhenyi（1768—1797）Herachievements·Foundoutwhentheeclipses（日蝕；月蝕）ofthesunandthemoonwouldhappen·Learnedalotabouthowthesun,themoonandtheearthmoveinspace·Madesomenewrulesinmath·WrotemanybooksandpoemsSadly,WangZhenyidiedwhenshewasonly29yearsold.Eventhoughherlifewasshort,herthoughtsanddiscoveriesliveon.In2000,aplanetwasnamedafterher.Herspiritandhardworkcontinuetoinspire（激勵(lì)）peopletoday.20．WhenwasWangZhenyiborn?A．In1768. B．In1786. C．In1797. D．In2000.21．Accordingtothepassage,whatdidWangZhenyidecidetogivemuchattentionto?A．Math,geographyandmedicine.B．Astronomy,mathandpoems.C．Astronomy,medicineandpoems.D．Astronomy,medicineandgeography.22．WhatcanwelearnfromWangZhenyi?A．Itiseasytobecomesuccessful.B．Nothingisimpossibleifweworkhard.C．Womenarealwayswiserthanmen.D．It’simpossibleforawomantobeascientistinancienttimes.23．Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyouprobablyreadthepassage?A．Health. B．Business. C．Sports. D．People.06（2022上·山東煙臺(tái)·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）Dreamingofanancientduke（公爵）Q:ChinesepeopleoftensaytheydreamabouttheDukeofZhou.IstheDukeofZhouarealperson?A:TheDukeofZhouwasapolitician（政治家）wholivedduringtheWesternZhouDynasty（1046-771BC）.HisactualnamewasJiDan.HewastheyoungerbrotherofKingWuwangofZhou.ThedukehelpedhisbrotherbeattheKingdomofShangandestablish（建立）thedynasty.HehimselfwasaregionalrulerorZhuhou.However,afterseveralyears,KingWuwangfellsickandwantedtheduketobecometheking,butthedukerefused.KingWuwang’soldestsonthencametopower-hewasknownasKingChengwang.Thedukeactedasaresponsibleregent（攝政王）tohelphisnephew（侄子）.Heputdownarebellion（暴亂）.Hecameupwiththeideaofrulingthroughrituals（禮儀）.Whenhisnephewcameofage,thedukehandedoverpower.SeveralcenturieshadpassedbeforeConfucius（孔子）sawtheDukeofZhouasagreatpoliticianagain.HestudiedtheknowledgepasseddownfromtheZhouDynastyfromayoungage.Heevendreamedaboutthedukequiteoften.WhileservingtheStateofLu,Confuciussuggestedthatitsrulerrunthestatewithritualsbuttherulerdidn’tlistentohim.Thisiswhyhetraveledtootherstatestopromote（推廣）theidea.Aftermanyyears,hisideastilldidn’thavemuchsupport.Alreadyanoldman,hesaidthathewastoooldtodreamabouttheDukeofZhou.Later,peoplestartedusing“dreamingabouttheDukeofZhou”torefertorememberingscholarsofthepast（先賢）.Today,itsimplyreferstogoingtosleep.24．WhatwastheDukeofZhou’srealname?A．JiDan. B．Wuwang. C．Zhuhou. D．Chengwang.25．WhatdidKingChengwangcalltheDukeofZhou?A．Father. B．Uncle. C．Nephew. D．Cousin.26．Whichistherightorderofthefollowingevents?a.JiDanputdownarebellion.b.ConfuciussuggestedtheruleroftheStateofLurunthestatewithrituals.c.KingWuwangofZhouestablishedtheWesternZhouDynasty.d.TheKingdomofShangwasestablished.e.Thedukecameupwiththeideaofrulingthroughrituals.f.Confuciustraveledtootherstatestopromotetheideaofrulingthroughrituals.A．d-c-a-b-e-f B．d-a-c-e-b-f C．d-c-a-e-b-f D．d-c-e-a-b-f27．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothepassage?A．ConfuciusservedtheStateofLuthroughouthislife.B．JiDanbecamethesecondkingoftheWesternZhouDynasty.C．TheWesternZhouDynastylastedmorethanthreehundredyears.D．ConfuciusadmiredtheDukeofZhoufromthebottomofhisheart.07（2022上·遼寧葫蘆島·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）ZhangQian(張騫)wasanearlytraveler.HewasprobablythefirstmantobringbackgoodinformationaboutthecentralAsianlandstoChina.In138BC,HanWudisentZhangQiantotheYue-chi(大月氏)toaskfortheirhelpagainsttheXiongnu(匈奴).Unfortunately,onthewaytoWestRegions,hewascaughtbytheXiongnupeople.Zhanghadtostaywiththemforabout10yearsbeforehegotaway.WhenZhangatlastreachedtheYue-chiinabout128BC,hewasdisappointedtofindthattheydidn’twanttofightagainsttheXiongnupeople.Onhisreturnjourney(旅程),

ZhangQianandhismenwereagaincaught.Itwasnotuntil125BCthattheyreturnedtoChina.Zhangdidn’tfinishhisjob,buthelearnedalotabouttheplaces,people,customsandculturesofthe36kingdoms(王國(guó))ofWesternRegions.HanWudithensentZhangtothewestagain.Zhang’sjourneytothewesthelpedwithinternationaltrade,especiallyinsilkbetweenChinaandtheWest.28．ZhangQianwassenttotheYue-chibecause________.A．HanWudiwantedtomakefriendswiththeXiongnupeople B．helikedtravellingallovertheworldtoomuchC．HanWudineededthehelpfromtheYue-chipeople D．hehopedtolearntheculturesofothercountries29．Whatdotheunderlinedwords“WestRegions”meaninChinese?A．西歐 B．西域 C．西亞 D．西方30．WhendidZhangQiangreachtheYue-chi?A．In138BC． B．Inabout148BC． C．Inabout128BC． D．In125BC．31．WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A．Zhangfinishedhisjobsuccessfullyintheend. B．Zhangdidnotreturnatlastbecausehewascaught.C．ZhangreturnedtoChinainabout125AD． D．ZhanglearnedalotabouttheWestRegion.32．HowmanytimeshasZhangQianbeentothewest?A．Onlyonce. B．Twice. C．Threetimes. D．Fourtimes.08（2021上·廣東深圳·九年級(jí)深圳外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校校考階段練習(xí)）Anancientphilosopher’swisdomcanbecomparedinvaluetogold.NowTheArtofWarbythegreatthinkerSunTzuhasactuallybeenprintedonpuregold.Thereare5,000ofthesebooksacrossChina,costing19,600yuaneach.Knownastheworld’soldestbookonmilitarystrategy,itwasoriginallywrittenonbamboostrips.SunTzulivedinthelateSpringandAutumnPeriod.ThereislittleinformationaboutSunTzu’sreallife.Accordingtoonestory,thekingaskedSunTzutodemonstratehiswayoftrainingthearmy.Agroupoftheking’sconcubines（妃子）playedasthesoldiersandtwooftheking’sfavoritesactedascommanders（指揮官）.SunTzugavethemorders,buttheythoughtitwasjustagameandcouldn’tstoplaughing.SunTzusaid,“Iftheorderisnotclear,it’smyfault.Butiftheorderisclear,andsoldiersdon’tobey,it’sthecommanders’fault.”Hethenkilledthetwocommanders,despitetheking’sprotest.WhenSunTzugaveneworders,theconcubinesperformedperfectly.SunTzu’sbookbecamepopularwithleadersinAsiaandlaterintheWest.In1782aFrenchmannamedAmiottookthebooktoEurope.ItissaidthatNapoleonuseditsprincipleswhileconqueringEurope.TodayTheArtofWarisusedinbusiness,sport,andevenrelationships.SunTzuispossiblythemostquotedChineseintheworld.Onesayingis,“Ifyouknowtheenemyandknowyourself,youneednotfeartheresultofahundredbattles.”33．Whichistrueaboutthebook“TheArtofWar”?A．Itwascomparedtogold.B．Ithasbeenprintedonpuregold.C．Itwaspublishedonbamboostripsagain.D．ItwasaboutthestoryofSunTzuandtheking.34．WhowasSunTzu?A．Agreatancientthinker.B．ApopularChinesewriter.C．AfamousChinesebusinessman.D．Aeducatorknownallovertheworld.35．InthestoryofSunTzu’swayoftrainingthearmy,whodidSunTzukill?A．Twofamouscommanders.B．Twooftheking’sfavoritesoldiers.C．Twogroupsoftheking’sconcubines.D．Twooftheking’sfavoriteconcubines.36．WheredidSunTzu’sbookfirstlybecomepopular?A．InFrance. B．InEurope. C．InAsia. D．Inthewest.37．Whichisthebesttitleofthisarticle?A．TheArtofWar.B．TheValueofGold.C．SunTzuandhisWork.D．TheWiseWordsofSunTzu.09（2022上·重慶渝中·九年級(jí)重慶巴蜀中學(xué)?？计谀〥uringtheSpringandAutumnperiod,DukeHuanofQihadamilitaryadvisor(軍師)namedGuanZhong.GuanwasawisemanwhohadhelpedQibecomeapowerfulstateatthattime.Onespring,theShanrong,aminoritygroup(少數(shù)民族)fromthenorth,①attackthestateofYan.TherulerofYanaskedQiforhelp.DukeHuanofQiledhisarmyto②rescueYan.Guanalsowentwithhim.WhentheShanrongsoldiersheardthattheQiarmywascoming,theyranawayfromYanandintothemountainsofthestateofGuzhu.TheQisoldiersfollowedandfoughtwiththemthere.Thebattle(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng))lastedforalmostayear.WhentheQiarmyfinally③defeatedtheenemy,itwasalreadywinter.DukeHuanofQiwasthenreadytoleadhisarmybacktoQi,butheandhissoldiersgotlostinavalley(山谷).DukeHuanofQisentseveralteamsofsoldierstolookforawayout.However,thevalleywascoveredbysandandrocks.Inthatcoldwinter,eventheskywasdark.Alltheteamsreturnedinvain(徒勞無功).Astimewentby,thesoldierswouldsoonrunoutoffood.DukeHuanofQiwasasanxious(焦急的)asanantonahotpot.Suddenly,Guancameupwithanidea.“I’veheardthatwhendogsweretakenawayfromtheirhomes,mostofthemcouldfindtheirwayback.Horsesmayalsohavetheabilityto④recognizetheirwaybackhome,”saidGuan.“Wecanpicksomeoldhorsesandletthemleadtheway.Maybetheycanhelpusgetoutofhere.”DukeHuanofQiagreed.Guanchoseacoupleofoldhorsesandletthemwalkahead.Thehorseslookedaroundandthenwalkedalongthehillside.Thearmyfollowedthem.Luckily,withtheoldhorsesleadingtheway,thearmywasabletogetoutofthevalleyandreturnedsafelytoQi.NewWords:①attack:useknives,gunsetc.againstanenemyinawar②rescue:tosavesb.fromadangeroussituation③defeat:towinagainstsb.inawaroracompetition④recognize:toknowwhatsomethingiswhenyouseeitbecauseyouhaveseenitbefore38．WhatwasGuanZhong?A．Hewasamilitaryadvisor. B．Hewasawiseman.C．HewastherulerofYan. D．Hewasabravesoldier.39．Thearmycouldn’tfindthewayoutbecause________.A．thebattlelastedforalmostoneyear.B．thevalleywascoveredbysandandrocksanditwascoldwinterC．thevalleywascoveredbysandandrocksanditwasdarkoutthereD．thesoldierswerelazyandnotintelligentenough40．Whatidiom(成語(yǔ))doesthestorytellof?A．塞翁失馬 B．老馬識(shí)途 C．金戈鐵馬 D．單槍匹馬41．Whichofthefournewwordscanbeusedtocompletethissentence?Whichteam________Franceandwonthe2022WorldCup?A．a(chǎn)ttacked B．rescued C．defeated D．recognized10（2023·吉林長(zhǎng)春·長(zhǎng)春市解放大路學(xué)校?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）SuShiisn’tastrangenametous,aswelearnhisciintextbooks.Suisoneofthemostpopularancientwriters.Hewasgoodatalmostallkindsofwritingsandart,includingpoems,ciandprose（散文）aswellascalligraphy（書法）andpainting.ButSuwasnotonlyrespectedforhistalents,butalsoforhispositiveattitudetowardslife.Whenhewasyoung,hepassedtheimperialexamination（科舉考試）andgotadegreeofJinshi.Afterthat,hebecameanofficial.Unluckily,Suwasdemoted（貶謫）toserveinfarandthatareasbecauseofotherofficials’badwordsabouthim.Buthewasnottoodiscouraged.First,hewenttoHuangzhou,intoday’sHubei.Therehetriedtoenjoylifeinthecountryside.HefarmedapieceoflandwhichhecalledDongpo.ThisiswhypeoplecallhimDongpo.ItisalsosaidthatheinventedDongpoPork,afamousChinesedish,duringthisperiod.Manyofhispoemswerewrittenthere,too.IncludingTune:CalmingtheWaves.Itsline“Imperioustowind,rainorshine,I’llhavewill（歸去！也無風(fēng)雨也無晴）”showedhisopen-mindedattitude.SuwasalsodemotedtoDanzhou,intoday’sHainan.Atthebeginning,becouldn’tgetusetohot,wetweather.Hecouldn’tunderstandthelocallanguage.Insteadofgettingsad,hesetupschoolsandgotalongwellwiththelocals.Manypeopletraveledfromfarplacestovisithim.“Suisagreatoptimist（樂天派）,afriendofpeople,aprosemaster.”writerLinYutangsaidinhisbookaboutSu.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。42．________isnotmentionedaboutSuShi’stalent.A．Ci B．Painting C．Singing D．Poems43．Theunderlinedword“discouraged”inParagraph3means________.A．disappointed B．confident C．surprised D．happy44．Paragraphs3and4arewrittento________.A．showSuShi’sinfluenceonpoetry B．introduceSuShi’slifeafterdemotionC．introduceSuShi’swritingsandart D．showhowotherpeopleseeSuShi45．________isthecorrectorderofSuShi’sexperiences.①HewasdemotedtoHuangzhou.②HeinventedDongpoPork.③HegotadegreeofJinshi.④HesetupschoolsinDanzhou.A．①②③④ B．②①④③ C．③①②④ D．③②①④46．WhatwecanlearnfromSuShi’sexperiences?A．Weshouldworkhardtoavoidupsanddowns.B．Weshouldtryourbesttohelpothers.C．Weshouldaskfriendsforhelpwhenwearedown.D．Weshouldstaypositivewhenfacingdifficulties.

參考答案：1．D2．D3．A4．C5．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文通過唐太宗知人善任的故事，說明了人才應(yīng)該被重視并用在正確的地方。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“DuringtheTangDynasty,EmperorTaizongaskedFengDeyitolookfortalentedpeople.”可知，唐太宗讓封德彝物色人才。故選D。2．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“soEmperorTaizonggavehimahighpositionandpromotedhimmanytimes.Hehelpeddealwithdifficultproblemsandbecameafamouspersoninhistory.”可知，唐太宗給了他很高的職位，他幫助解決了難題，可推知前面應(yīng)表達(dá)提拔了他很多次，故推出劃線部分promoted意為“提拔、晉升”。故選D。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Peopleareliketools.Whatweneedtodoistomakegooduseoftheirtalent.Youshouldcheckyourselffornotnoticingtalentedpeople.”可推出，唐太宗認(rèn)為封德彝找不到人才的原因是因?yàn)樗x拔人才的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是不對(duì)的。故選A。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“AgoodexampleisMaZhou,whogrewupinapoorfamily.Magavealotofusefuladvice,soEmperorTaizonggavehimahighpositionandpromotedhimmanytimes.”可知，馬周給了很多有用的建議，所以唐太宗給了他很高的職位，并多次提拔他，由此可推斷出馬周是一個(gè)在正確的地方發(fā)揮了才能的例子。故選C。5．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文通過唐太宗知人善任的故事說明了人才應(yīng)該被重視并用在正確的地方。故選B。6．C7．A8．B9．B10．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了俞伯牙和鐘子期高山流水遇知音的故事。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Thewoodsmanintroducedhimself,‘MynameisZhongZiqi.’”可知，鐘子期是一個(gè)樵夫，故選C。7．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文中“Alongtheway,theriverwaterrushedtowardstheeast,leavingthehighmountainsbehind.”及“Hetookouthisginandbegantoplay.”可知，高山流水的美麗景象啟迪了俞伯牙的創(chuàng)作靈感，他因此取琴?gòu)椬?，inspired意為“啟迪”，故選A。8．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Yuhappilyinvitedthemanintotheboat…Afterthat,YuplayedtheqinforZhong.”可知，俞伯牙邀請(qǐng)鐘子期上船后，為他彈了琴，故選B。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中“Whenthedaycame,Yuarrivedontime,butdidnotseeZhong.HevisitedthevillagewhereZhonglivedandheardthathisfriendhaddiedofanillness.”可知，鐘子期去世了，所以沒有去見俞伯牙，故選B。10．最佳標(biāo)題題。本文主要講述了俞伯牙和鐘子期高山流水遇知音的故事，表現(xiàn)了他們之間珍貴的友誼，用“TrueFriendship”做標(biāo)題最合適，故選C。11．A12．B13．B14．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述了“程門立雪”的故事，告訴我們尊重師長(zhǎng)的道理。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Heenteredschooltostudyatfourandcouldreadandwritepoemsattheageofseven.”可知，楊時(shí)四歲上學(xué)，七歲時(shí)能夠?qū)懺?shī)，因此是上學(xué)三年后能夠?qū)懺?shī)。故選A。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Afterawhile,itbegantosnowheavily；Thelittlekid...invitedhimtowarmhimselfinthehouse；WhenChengwokeupandcameoutofhisstudy；Later,ChengYiacceptedYangShiashisstudent.”可知，順序是：天下起大雪，門童請(qǐng)楊時(shí)進(jìn)屋取暖，程頤走出書房，之后程頤收楊時(shí)為學(xué)生，順序?yàn)棰邰佗堍?。故選B。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whenthelittlekidopenedthedoor,everyonewasshocked.Thesnowoutsidewasmorethanafootdeep,butYangstillstoodtherewithoutmovinghisfeet”可知，楊時(shí)一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地站在大雪里等候老師，大家對(duì)此感到吃驚。故選B。14．主旨大意題。楊時(shí)為了求學(xué)，一直在大雪中等候老師，表現(xiàn)出對(duì)老師的尊重，因此D選項(xiàng)“我們學(xué)生應(yīng)該尊敬我們的老師”符合題意。故選D。15．A16．B17．C18．C19．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了中國(guó)著名的歷史人物——諸葛亮。15．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“ZhugeLiang,alsoknownasKongming,wasafamousandsmartpersoninancientChina.Hewasgoodatstrategyandwasveryclever.”可知，諸葛亮是中國(guó)古代著名的軍事戰(zhàn)略家。故選A。16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Borninthelate2ndcentury,ZhugeLangbecamewell-knownwhenhejoinedLiuBei,theleaderoftheShuKingdom,ashismainstrategist.”可知，諸葛亮作為戰(zhàn)略家加入了蜀國(guó)。故選B。17．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ZhugeLiangwasreallygoodatplanningmilitaryactionsandhelpedLiuBeiwinmanybattles.”可知，諸葛亮幫助劉備贏了很多戰(zhàn)役。故選C。18．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“OneofZhugeLiang’smostfamousachievementswastheLongzhongPlan”可知，諸葛亮最著名的成就之一是隆中計(jì)劃。故選C。19．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ZhugeLiang’sreputationlastedthroughhistory,andhebecamealegendaryfigureinChina,seenasthesymbolofwisdomandintelligence.”可知，諸葛亮被視為智慧和聰明的象征。故選D。20．A21．B22．B23．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了清代偉大的女科學(xué)家——王貞儀。20．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WangZhenyi,bornin1768”可知王貞儀出生于1768年，故選A。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In1786,shedecidedtogivemuchattentiontoastronomy,mathandpoems”可知她決定多關(guān)注天文學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)和詩(shī)歌。故選B。22．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Afteryearsofhardwork,sheachievedalot.”和“Herspiritandhardworkcontinuetoinspire（激勵(lì)）peopletoday.”可知只要我們努力，沒有什么是不可能的。故選B。23．推理判斷題。文章主要介紹了清代偉大的女科學(xué)家，所以可以在雜志的“人物”部分看到。故選D。24．A25．B26．C27．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了周公以及周公以禮治國(guó)的想法及孔子對(duì)周公的看法。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“HisactualnamewasJiDan.”可知，周公的真名是JiDan，故選A。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“HewastheyoungerbrotherofKingWuwangofZhou.”以及“KingWuwang’soldestsonthencametopower-hewasknownasKingChengwang.”可知，周公是武王的弟弟，武王的長(zhǎng)子繼位，被稱為成王，所以周公是成王的叔叔，故選B。26．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ThedukehelpedhisbrotherbeattheKingdomofShangandestablish（建立）thedynasty.”可知，商朝敗了建立了西周，應(yīng)是d，然后是c；根據(jù)“Heputdownarebellion（暴亂）.Hecameupwiththeideaofrulingthroughrituals（禮儀）.”可知，周公鎮(zhèn)壓了一次叛亂，應(yīng)該是a，然后是e；根據(jù)“Confuciussuggestedthatitsrulerrunthestatewithritualsbuttherulerdidn’tlistentohim.Thisiswhyhetraveledtootherstatestopromote（推廣）theidea.”可知，孔子建議魯國(guó)的統(tǒng)治者以禮制治國(guó)，但是被拒絕了，孔子到其他州去推廣這個(gè)想法，故選C。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“SeveralcenturieshadpassedbeforeConfucius（孔子）sawtheDukeofZhouasagreatpoliticianagain...Thisiswhyhetraveledtootherstatestopromote（推廣）theidea.”可知，孔子從心底里欽佩周公。故選D。28．C29．B30．C31．D32．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文，介紹了張騫出使西域的經(jīng)歷，以及它的歷史意義。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In138BC,HanWudisentZhangQiantotheYue-chi(大月氏)toaskfortheirhelpagainsttheXiongnu(匈奴)”可知，漢武帝派張騫去大月氏，讓大月氏人幫忙抵抗匈奴。故選C。29．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Unfortunately,onthewaytoWestRegions,hewascaughtbytheXiongnupeople”和歷史常識(shí)可知，張騫要去的地方是西域。故選B。30．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“WhenZhangatlastreachedthe